Environmental impact assessment method based on building management

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering and management, and discloses an environmental influence assessment method based on building management, and the method comprises the steps: recognizing the spatial layout of a building region, extracting a project task of a building project and the task characteristics of the project task, and recognizing a building influence region of the building project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics; analyzing the influence range and the influence degree of the project task, and identifying the engineering influence subarea of the building influence area; identifying the data type of the environmental effect data, and constructing an index evaluation system of the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type; extracting stage evaluation factors of the index evaluation system, and analyzing formation reasons and hazard sources of stage environmental hazards; and analyzing a long-term environment influence trend of the construction project by combining the formation reason, the hazard source and the stage environment hazard, and generating an environment influence evaluation result of the construction project according to the index evaluation system and the long-term environment influence trend. According to the invention, the comprehensiveness and accuracy of environmental impact assessment can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering and management, and in particular to an environmental impact assessment method and system based on building management. Background Art

[0002] Environmental impact assessment based on construction management refers to the process of systematically analyzing, predicting and evaluating the impact that a construction project may have on the environment at various stages such as planning, design, construction and operation. Through environmental impact assessment, the impact of construction projects on the surrounding environment can be comprehensively analyzed and evaluated to reduce environmental pollution. With the acceleration of urbanization, people's demand for infrastructure and services has increased dramatically, which has not only promoted the rapid development of the construction industry, but also made construction projects have a significant impact on the environment in terms of land development, resource utilization and waste disposal. Therefore, environmental impact assessment of construction projects is particularly important.

[0003] The traditional environmental impact assessment method is mainly the matrix method, which uses a two-dimensional table to evaluate the environmental impact of a project. Although this method can evaluate the main environmental impacts, it usually only targets the environmental impacts of a specific stage, such as the construction stage, and ignores the long-term environmental impact of the project, resulting in a lack of comprehensiveness in the environmental impact assessment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an environmental impact assessment method and system based on building management, which can improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of environmental impact assessment.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an environmental impact assessment method based on construction management, comprising:

[0006] Acquire a construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area, identify the spatial layout of the construction area, extract the project task of the construction project, analyze the task characteristics of the project task, and identify the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics;

[0007] Analyze the scope and impact of the project task according to the task characteristics, identify the environmental sensitivity of the building impact area based on the impact degree and the scope, and identify the engineering impact zone of the building impact area according to the environmental sensitivity;

[0008] Collecting environmental effect data of the project impact zone, identifying the data type of the environmental effect data, and constructing an index evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type;

[0009] Identify the project stage of the construction project, extract the stage evaluation factor of the indicator evaluation system according to the project stage, analyze the stage environmental hazards of the project task based on the stage evaluation factor, and analyze the causes and sources of the stage environmental hazards;

[0010] In combination with the formation causes, the hazard sources and the environmental hazards at the stage, the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project is analyzed, and the environmental impact assessment results of the construction project are generated based on the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, analyzing the task characteristics of the project task includes:

[0012] Extracting the construction area corresponding to the project task and identifying the surrounding environment of the construction area;

[0013] Analyze the environmental sensitivity of the project tasks to the surrounding environment;

[0014] Analyze the potential impact of the project tasks on the surrounding environment based on the environmental sensitivity;

[0015] Collecting environmental impact data of the project tasks, and analyzing environmental risk characteristics of the project tasks based on the environmental impact data;

[0016] Analyze the task characteristics of the project task in combination with the environmental sensitivity, potential impacts and environmental risk characteristics.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, identifying the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics includes:

[0018] Identifying a construction area of ​​the construction project and identifying an adjacent area corresponding to the construction area;

[0019] Analyzing the impact of the construction area on the layout of the adjacent area according to the spatial layout;

[0020] Based on the task characteristics, identifying emissions from the construction project;

[0021] Identifying disturbance factors of the construction project and calculating the diffusion range of the disturbance factors;

[0022] Identify the breadth of impact of the construction project based on the emissions and the diffusion range;

[0023] Based on the layout impact and the impact breadth, a construction impact area of ​​the construction project is identified.

[0024] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, analyzing the scope and impact of the project task according to the task characteristics includes:

[0025] According to the characteristics of the task, identifying the construction method of the project task;

[0026] Based on the construction method, analyze the emission types of the project tasks and analyze the total amount of emissions of the emission types;

[0027] Identify the duration of the project tasks;

[0028] Analyze the environmental threat level of the project task based on the duration, the type of emissions and the total amount of emissions;

[0029] Identify the construction area of ​​the project task and collect local natural conditions of the construction area;

[0030] Identify the location of environmentally sensitive areas corresponding to the project tasks based on the local natural conditions and the degree of environmental threats;

[0031] Based on the degree of environmental threat and the location of the environmentally sensitive area, analyze the scope and impact of the project task.

[0032] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, identifying the engineering impact zone of the building impact zone according to the environmental sensitivity includes:

[0033] Identifying a building construction area corresponding to the building impact area;

[0034] Analyze the project characteristics of the construction area;

[0035] Identify the environmental impact risk of the construction area on the building impact area based on the project characteristics and the environmental sensitivity;

[0036] Based on the environmental impact risks, identifying environmental impact factors of the building impact area;

[0037] Analyze the risk level of the building impact area according to the environmental impact factors;

[0038] Based on the risk factor, an engineering impact zone of the building impact zone is identified.

[0039] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, constructing an indicator evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type includes:

[0040] Analyzing the environmental impact type of the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data types;

[0041] Based on the environmental impact type, identifying the environmental impact scope of the construction project;

[0042] Extract sensitive substances within the scope of environmental impact;

[0043] Determining the environmental sensitivity dimension of the construction project based on the sensitive objects;

[0044] Identify environmental stability indicators for said environmental sensitivity dimensions;

[0045] Analyzing the construction load of the construction project based on the environmental stability index;

[0046] identifying the environmental bearing capacity of the environmental impact range according to the building load;

[0047] An indicator evaluation system for the construction project is constructed by combining the environmental sensitivity dimension, the environmental stability index and the environmental bearing capacity.

[0048] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, extracting the stage evaluation factor of the indicator evaluation system according to the project stage includes:

[0049] Identify the evaluation indicator type of the indicator evaluation system and the stage type of the project stage;

[0050] Analyze the environmental impact characteristics corresponding to the stage type;

[0051] Identify the environmental impact category of the project phase according to the evaluation indicator type;

[0052] Calculating the degree of correlation between the environmental impact characteristics and the environmental impact categories;

[0053] Based on the degree of association, the stage evaluation factors of the indicator evaluation system are extracted.

[0054] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, analyzing the causes and sources of environmental hazards at the stage based on the stage evaluation factors includes:

[0055] Extracting the factor type of the evaluation factor of the stage;

[0056] Based on the factor type, identifying the stage activity corresponding to the stage evaluation factor;

[0057] Analyze the characteristics of materials used and the types of pollution output of the activities in the mentioned phase;

[0058] Based on the characteristics of the materials used and the types of pollution output, analyze the causes and sources of environmental hazards at this stage.

[0059] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, analyzing the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project in combination with the formation causes, the hazard sources, and the stage environmental hazards includes:

[0060] Based on the causes, identify the key environmental impact factors of the construction project;

[0061] Based on the key environmental impact factors, analyze the risk level and nature of environmental hazards at the stage;

[0062] Extracting the stage type corresponding to the construction project, and determining the environmental impact level of the stage type according to the risk level and the nature of the hazard;

[0063] Based on the environmental impact level, identify the key links of the hazard source;

[0064] Extracting key environmental impact features corresponding to the stage type according to the environmental impact level and the key links;

[0065] Based on the key environmental impact characteristics, the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project is analyzed.

[0066] In a second aspect, the environmental impact assessment system based on building management provided by the present invention is characterized in that the system comprises:

[0067] A project analysis module is used to obtain a construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area, identify the spatial layout of the construction area, extract the project task of the construction project, analyze the task characteristics of the project task, and identify the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics;

[0068] An engineering impact zoning module is used to analyze the scope and impact degree of the project task according to the task characteristics, identify the environmental sensitivity of the building impact area based on the impact degree and the scope, and identify the engineering impact zoning of the building impact area according to the environmental sensitivity;

[0069] An index evaluation system construction module is used to collect the environmental effect data of the project impact zone, identify the data type of the environmental effect data, and construct an index evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type;

[0070] A phase environmental impact analysis module is used to identify the project phase of the construction project, extract the phase evaluation factor of the index evaluation system according to the project phase, analyze the phase environmental hazards of the project task based on the phase evaluation factor, and analyze the causes and sources of the phase environmental hazards;

[0071] The long-term trend prediction module is used to analyze the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project in combination with the formation causes, the hazard sources and the environmental hazards at the stage, and generate the environmental impact assessment results of the construction project based on the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, the technical principle and beneficial effects of this solution are:

[0073] The embodiment of the present invention obtains the construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area, identifies the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout of the construction area and the task characteristics of the project task, and can clarify the specific goals and scope of the project, thereby identifying the uniqueness of the project's impact on the environment, and providing data support for the subsequent identification of evaluation factors for environmental impact assessment; further, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes the scope and impact of the project task, identifies the engineering impact zoning of the construction impact area, and can improve the accuracy of environmental impact assessment, ensure that the assessment result is closer to the actual environmental conditions, and help predict the specific impact of the construction project on environmentally sensitive areas; secondly, the embodiment of the present invention constructs an index evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type of the environmental effect data, and can provide a standardized process for environmental impact assessment to ensure the systematicness and comprehensiveness of the evaluation. Through the evaluation system, the key factors with the greatest impact on the environment can be identified, so as to give priority to the management and mitigation measures of these factors; thirdly, the embodiment of the present invention extracts the stage evaluation factors of the index evaluation system to analyze the stage evaluation factors of the project task. The environmental hazards of the stage and the causes and sources of the environmental hazards of the stage can improve the accuracy of environmental impact assessment, ensure that the assessment results can truly reflect the potential impact of the project on the environment, help predict the long-term impact of the construction project on the environment, and thus formulate more specific environmental assessment plans and environmental protection measures; finally, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project by combining the causes of formation, the sources of hazards and the environmental hazards of the stage, more comprehensively covers the entire life cycle of the project, thereby providing more accurate environmental impact information, increasing the scientificity and prediction ability of environmental impact assessment, making it more in line with the actual situation, and at the same time, through the trend analysis of long-term environmental impact, it can reveal potential long-term environmental risks, help project managers formulate effective risk management strategies, and generate environmental impact assessment results of the construction project according to the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend, which can more accurately predict the potential impact of the construction project on the environment, help identify the environmental risks that may be brought about by the project, and propose corresponding mitigation measures to reduce negative impacts, and at the same time can also reduce resource consumption and waste generation, and promote sustainable development. Therefore, the environmental impact assessment method based on building management proposed by the present invention can improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of environmental impact assessment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0075] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0076] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an environmental impact assessment method based on building management provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of modules of an environmental impact assessment system based on building management provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0079] The embodiment of the present invention provides an environmental impact assessment method based on building management, and the execution subject of the environmental impact assessment method based on building management includes but is not limited to at least one of the electronic devices such as a server and a terminal that can be configured to execute the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention. In other words, the environmental impact assessment method based on building management can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device, and the software can be a blockchain platform. The server includes but is not limited to: a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server or a cloud server cluster, etc. The server can be an independent server, or it can be a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content distribution networks (Content Delivery Network, CDN), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0080] See also Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an environmental impact assessment method based on building management provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The construction management-based environmental impact assessment methods described in include:

[0081] S1. Obtain a construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area, identify the spatial layout of the construction area, extract project tasks of the construction project, analyze the task characteristics of the project tasks, and identify the construction impact area of ​​the construction project based on the spatial layout and the task characteristics.

[0082] The embodiment of the present invention can provide necessary data support for subsequent environmental impact assessment by obtaining the construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area. The construction project refers to a collection of a series of activities such as construction, renovation or repair, including design, construction, operation, demolition, etc. The construction area refers to a specific area within the construction scope of the construction project.

[0083] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention can more accurately assess the impact of a construction project on the surrounding environment by identifying the spatial layout of the construction area, where the spatial layout refers to the geographical distribution and arrangement of elements such as buildings, infrastructure, and open spaces within the construction area.

[0084] Optionally, the spatial layout recognition of the construction area can be achieved by using remote sensing imaging equipment, such as laser radar.

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention can clarify the specific goals and scope of the project by extracting the project tasks of the construction project and analyzing the task characteristics of the project tasks, thereby identifying the uniqueness of the project's impact on the environment. The project tasks refer to the specific work or goals that need to be completed during the implementation of the construction project, and the task characteristics refer to the attributes and characteristics that affect the environment when executing the project tasks, such as the degree of environmental sensitivity.

[0086] Optionally, the project task extraction of the construction project may be obtained through a data-based method, such as a data mining method.

[0087] As an embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of the task characteristics of the project task includes: extracting the construction area corresponding to the project task and identifying the surrounding environment of the construction area; analyzing the environmental sensitivity of the project task to the surrounding environment; analyzing the potential impact of the project task on the surrounding environment based on the environmental sensitivity; collecting environmental impact data of the project task, and analyzing the environmental risk characteristics of the project task based on the environmental impact data; and analyzing the task characteristics of the project task in combination with the environmental sensitivity, the potential impact and the environmental risk characteristics.

[0088] Among them, the surrounding environment refers to the natural environment and social environment around the location of the construction project, including soil type, surface water, residential areas, commercial areas, etc. The environmental sensitivity refers to the degree of impact that may be caused to the surrounding environment during the implementation of the construction project. The potential impact refers to the long-term and short-term impact that the construction project may have on the surrounding environment. The environmental impact data refers to the data on pollutant emissions, resource consumption, ecological damage, etc. during the implementation of the construction project. The environmental risk characteristics refer to the environmental risks that may be caused by the construction project, such as leakage of hazardous substances, explosions, etc.

[0089] Optionally, the environmental sensitivity analysis of the project task to the surrounding environment can be implemented using an environmental impact assessment software program, and the analysis of the potential impact of the project task on the surrounding environment based on the environmental sensitivity can be obtained through a predictive model, such as a deep learning model, and the environmental impact data collection of the project task can be implemented through on-site testing and laboratory inspection, and based on the environmental impact data, the environmental risk characteristics analysis of the project task can be determined through a fault tree analysis.

[0090] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention can clarify the spatial scope and degree of the possible impact of the construction project on the surrounding environment by identifying the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics, and provide data support for the subsequent identification of evaluation factors for environmental impact assessment. The construction impact area refers to a geographical area that may be affected by the implementation of the construction project, such as a residential area.

[0091] As an embodiment of the present invention, the identifying the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics includes: identifying the construction area of ​​the construction project, and identifying the adjacent area corresponding to the construction area; analyzing the layout impact of the construction area on the adjacent area according to the spatial layout; identifying the emission substances of the construction project based on the task characteristics; identifying the disturbance factor of the construction project and calculating the diffusion range of the disturbance factor; identifying the impact breadth of the construction project according to the emission substances and the diffusion range; and identifying the construction impact area of ​​the construction project based on the layout impact and the impact breadth.

[0092] Among them, the adjacent area refers to the area directly adjacent to the construction area or within a very close range, the layout impact refers to the impact of the spatial layout of the construction area on the nearby areas, the emission substances refer to the substances released into the environment during the construction of the construction project, such as dust, exhaust gas, wastewater and construction waste, etc., the disturbance factor refers to the kinetic energy disturbance caused by the construction project to the surrounding environment during the project implementation stage, such as blasting energy, air shock waves, flying stone kinetic energy, etc., the diffusion range refers to the breadth and depth of the disturbance caused by the construction activities, such as the extension range of explosions, impacts or strong vibrations, and the impact breadth refers to the spatial scope and degree of the impact of the construction project.

[0093] Optionally, the layout impact analysis of the construction area on the adjacent areas based on the spatial layout can be obtained through simulation software, such as wind environment simulation and noise simulation software, and the identification of emission substances of the construction project based on the task characteristics can be achieved using a construction site environmental quality monitoring system.

[0094] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion range of the disturbance factor is calculated using the following formula:

[0095]

[0096] Among them, R represents the diffusion range of the disturbance factor, Q i represents the emission or diffusion intensity of the ith disturbance factor, v threshold represents the diffusion rate of the disturbance factor, k i represents the influence coefficient of the i-th disturbance factor, N represents the total number of disturbance factors, e represents the nonlinear degree index of the diffusion of the disturbance factor, and i represents the category index of the disturbance factor.

[0097] It should be noted that the diffusion of the disturbance factor may be relatively rapid in the initial stage and then gradually slow down with the increase of distance. e, as an exponent, can capture this nonlinear change.

[0098] S2. Analyze the scope and impact of the project task according to the task characteristics, identify the environmental sensitivity of the building impact area based on the impact degree and the scope, and identify the engineering impact zone of the building impact area according to the environmental sensitivity.

[0099] By analyzing the scope and impact degree of the project task according to the task characteristics, the embodiment of the present invention can comprehensively identify various potential impacts that the construction project may have on the environment, so as to formulate effective environmental protection measures and management strategies. The scope refers to the geographical area where the construction project may have an impact on its surrounding environment, and the impact degree refers to the severity or intensity of the specific impact caused by the construction project on the environment.

[0100] As an embodiment of the present invention, analyzing the scope and impact of the project task according to the task characteristics includes: identifying the construction method of the project task according to the task characteristics; analyzing the emission type of the project task based on the construction method, and analyzing the total emission of the emission type; identifying the duration of the project task; analyzing the environmental threat level of the project task based on the duration, the emission type and the total emission; identifying the construction area of ​​the project task and collecting local natural conditions of the construction area; identifying the location of the environmentally sensitive area corresponding to the project task according to the local natural conditions and the environmental threat level; and analyzing the scope and impact of the project task in combination with the environmental threat level and the location of the environmentally sensitive area.

[0101] Among them, the construction method refers to the specific technology and methods used in the construction process of the construction project, such as excavation, piling, and concrete pouring; the emission type refers to various substances released into the environment during the construction process, including dust, exhaust gas, noise, etc.; the total emission amount refers to the total emission of various emissions during the construction process; the duration refers to the total time from the start to the end of the construction project; the degree of environmental threat refers to the severity of the potential risks and hazards caused by construction activities to the environment; the local natural conditions refer to the various characteristics and states of the natural environment in the project construction area and its surrounding areas, such as climate conditions, water quality and hydrological conditions, soil types, etc.; the location of the environmentally sensitive area refers to the location of the area within or near the project construction area that is particularly sensitive to environmental changes.

[0102] Optionally, based on the construction method, the emission type analysis of the project task can be determined by the machinery and equipment, materials and construction activities used in the construction process, the duration identification of the project task can be obtained by utilizing the arrangement of construction activities and the duration requirements, the local natural conditions of the construction area can be collected through geographic information systems (GIS), meteorological station data, hydrogeological surveys, etc., and the total emission analysis of the emission type can be achieved by utilizing the emission rate of each emission and the duration of the construction activities.

[0103] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention can improve the accuracy of environmental impact assessment by identifying the environmental sensitivity of the building impact area based on the impact degree and the affected scope, ensure that the assessment results are closer to the actual environmental conditions, and help predict the specific impact of the construction project on environmentally sensitive areas. The environmental sensitivity refers to the sensitivity of the building impact area to environmental changes or interference that may be caused by the construction project.

[0104] Optionally, the environmental sensitivity identification of the building impact area based on the impact degree and the affected range can be obtained through a multi-factor comprehensive evaluation model.

[0105] The embodiment of the present invention can more accurately evaluate the specific impact of the construction project on different environmentally sensitive areas by identifying the engineering impact zones of the building impact area according to the environmental sensitivity, ensure the comprehensiveness and pertinence of the evaluation, and avoid irreversible negative impacts on the impact area. The engineering impact zones refer to dividing the building impact area into different areas according to the characteristics of the construction project and the sensitivity of the surrounding environment.

[0106] As an embodiment of the present invention, identifying the engineering impact zones of the building impact area according to the environmental sensitivity includes: identifying the construction area corresponding to the building impact area; analyzing the project characteristics of the construction area; identifying the environmental impact risks of the construction area on the building impact area according to the project characteristics and the environmental sensitivity; identifying the environmental impact factors of the building impact area based on the environmental impact risks; analyzing the risk level corresponding to the building impact area according to the environmental impact factors; and identifying the engineering impact zones of the building impact area based on the risk coefficient.

[0107] Among them, the construction area refers to the construction area of ​​the construction project construction activities, the project characteristics refer to a series of characteristics and attributes related to the construction activities, including construction materials, construction methods, construction impacts, etc., the environmental impact risk refers to the negative impact that activities in the construction area may have on the building influence area, the risk level refers to the level value estimated based on the severity and possibility of the environmental impact risk, and the environmental impact factors refer to various conditions and variables that affect the risk level of the building influence area, such as pollutant emissions in the construction area.

[0108] Optionally, the risk level analysis corresponding to the building influence area based on the environmental impact factors can be achieved using a risk assessment model, the environmental impact risk identification of the construction area on the building influence area based on the project characteristics and the environmental sensitivity can be obtained through an environmental risk assessment model, and the identification of environmental impact factors in the building influence area based on the environmental impact risk can be achieved using a matrix method, such as using a matrix to combine construction activities and affected environmental elements into a matrix, establishing a direct causal relationship between activities and environmental impacts, and explaining the environmental impact of construction activities in a qualitative and semi-quantitative manner.

[0109] S3. Collect the environmental effect data of the project impact zone, identify the data type of the environmental effect data, and construct an index evaluation system for the construction project based on the task characteristics and the data type.

[0110] The embodiment of the present invention can help identify the specific environmental impacts that a construction project may have by collecting the environmental effect data of the project impact zone and identifying the data type of the environmental effect data, and provide basic data for environmental impact assessment. The environmental effect data refers to data such as pollutant emissions, resource consumption, and ecological damage to the project impact zone during the implementation of the construction project. The data type refers to different attribute categories contained in the environmental effect data, such as energy consumption, water resource utilization, pollutant emissions, etc.

[0111] Optionally, the environmental effect data collection of the project impact zone can be obtained through monitoring equipment, such as water quality monitoring equipment, and the data type identification of the environmental effect data can be implemented using a text classification model, such as a text annotation model.

[0112] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention can provide a standardized process for environmental impact assessment by constructing an indicator evaluation system for the construction project based on the task characteristics and the data types, thereby ensuring the systematic and comprehensive nature of the assessment. Through the evaluation system, the key factors that have the greatest impact on the environment can be identified, thereby giving priority to the management and mitigation measures of these factors. The indicator evaluation system refers to an assessment framework for quantifying and evaluating the possible impact of a construction project on the environment.

[0113] As an embodiment of the present invention, constructing an index evaluation system for the construction project based on the task characteristics and the data type includes: analyzing the environmental impact type of the construction project based on the task characteristics and the data type; identifying the environmental impact scope of the construction project based on the environmental impact type; extracting sensitive objects in the environmental impact scope; determining the environmental sensitivity dimension of the construction project based on the sensitive objects; identifying the environmental stability index of the environmental sensitivity dimension; analyzing the building load of the construction project based on the environmental stability index; identifying the environmental bearing capacity of the environmental impact scope based on the building load; and constructing the index evaluation system for the construction project by combining the environmental sensitivity dimension, the environmental stability index and the environmental bearing capacity.

[0114] Among them, the environmental impact type refers to the various impacts that may be caused to the surrounding environment during the planning, construction and operation of the construction project; the environmental impact scope refers to the geographical scope of the construction project; the sensitive objects refer to biological species, building types and ecological species that are particularly sensitive to environmental changes within the environmental impact scope; the environmental sensitivity dimension refers to the sensitivity of the project area to environmental changes, such as nature reserves, water source protection areas, etc.; the environmental stability index refers to a quantitative indicator reflecting the environmental stability of the project area, such as ecosystem health, biodiversity index, soil quality, etc.; the building load refers to the demand and impact of the construction project on environmental resources during the construction and operation period, such as energy consumption, water resource utilization, waste generation, etc.; the environmental carrying capacity refers to the degree of impact of the construction project that the environmental system can withstand, including the environment's self-purification capacity for pollution and the resilience of the ecosystem.

[0115] Optionally, the environmental sensitivity dimension of the construction project determined based on the sensitive object can be obtained through an ecological sensitivity analysis tool, such as the SAFE toolbox, based on the environmental stability index, the building load analysis of the construction project can be implemented using a building information model, and the environmental bearing capacity identification of the environmental impact range based on the building load can be obtained through an environmental bearing capacity model.

[0116] S4. Identify the project stage of the construction project, extract the stage evaluation factor of the indicator evaluation system according to the project stage, analyze the stage environmental hazards of the project task based on the stage evaluation factor, and analyze the causes and sources of the stage environmental hazards.

[0117] The embodiment of the present invention can determine the focus of environmental impact assessment by identifying the project stage of the construction project, so as to formulate more specific environmental assessment plans and environmental protection measures. The project stage refers to different time periods or steps in the entire process from conception to completion of a construction project.

[0118] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention can identify and screen out key factors that may have a significant impact on the environment at different project stages by extracting the stage evaluation factors of the indicator evaluation system according to the project stage, and help evaluate the scope and degree of the impact of the construction project on the environment at different stages, as well as the changes of these impacts over time and space. The stage evaluation factors refer to key factors or indicators that may have an impact on the environment at different stages of the construction project.

[0119] As an embodiment of the present invention, extracting the stage evaluation factor of the indicator evaluation system according to the project stage includes: identifying the evaluation indicator type of the indicator evaluation system and the stage type of the project stage; analyzing the environmental impact characteristics corresponding to the stage type; identifying the environmental impact category of the project stage according to the evaluation indicator type; calculating the degree of correlation between the environmental impact characteristics and the environmental impact category; and extracting the stage evaluation factor of the indicator evaluation system based on the degree of correlation.

[0120] Among them, the evaluation indicator type refers to the various indicator types used to measure environmental impacts in the environmental impact assessment system, such as pollutant emissions, degree of ecological damage, resource consumption, etc. The stage type refers to the various stages of a construction project, usually including the start-up stage, planning stage, execution stage, monitoring stage and closing stage. The environmental impact characteristics refer to the characteristics of the environmental impacts that may be caused by the construction project at various stages, such as noise and dust in the construction stage, energy consumption and waste emissions in the operation stage, etc. The environmental impact category refers to the result of classifying environmental impacts according to the environmental impact assessment system, such as air pollution, water pollution, ecological damage, etc. The degree of correlation refers to the correlation between environmental impact characteristics and environmental impact categories.

[0121] Optionally, the environmental impact characteristic analysis corresponding to the stage type can be obtained through Environment software, and the identification of the evaluation index type of the index evaluation system can be achieved by using a classification algorithm.

[0122] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the degree of association between the environmental impact feature and the environmental impact category is calculated using the following formula:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, G represents the environmental impact characteristics and environmental impact categories, j represents the feature index of the environmental impact characteristics, m represents the number of features of the environmental impact characteristics, and C j represents the attribute value of the jth environmental impact feature, D j represents the weight value of the jth environmental impact feature, g represents the category index of the environmental impact category, H represents the number of environmental impact categories, E g Represents the weight value of the g-th environmental impact category.

[0125] The embodiment of the present invention can improve the accuracy of environmental impact assessment by analyzing the stage environmental hazards of the project tasks based on the stage evaluation factors, and analyzing the causes and sources of the stage environmental hazards, thereby ensuring that the assessment results can truly reflect the potential impact of the project on the environment and helping to predict the long-term impact of the construction project on the environment. The stage environmental hazards refer to the negative impact of the stage tasks of different stages of the construction project on the environment, the causes refer to the specific factors that lead to the stage environmental hazards, and the sources of hazards refer to the specific activities or factors that produce environmental hazards.

[0126] Optionally, the stage environmental hazard analysis of the project task based on the stage evaluation factors can be obtained through a life cycle assessment model.

[0127] As an embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of the causes and sources of the environmental hazards at the stage based on the stage evaluation factors includes: extracting the factor type of the stage evaluation factors; identifying the stage activities corresponding to the stage evaluation factors based on the factor types; analyzing the characteristics of the materials used and the types of pollution outputs of the stage activities; and analyzing the causes and sources of the environmental hazards at the stage based on the characteristics of the materials used and the types of pollution outputs.

[0128] Among them, the factor type refers to the indicator type that measures the impact of a construction project on the environment at a specific stage, such as energy consumption, water resource use, material selection, etc. The stage activities refer to the specific activities carried out at different stages of a construction project. The material characteristics used refer to the intrinsic properties and characteristics of the materials used at different stages of a construction project. The pollution output type refers to the substances or energy that have a negative impact on the environment generated by various activities at different stages of a construction project.

[0129] Optionally, the factor type extraction of the stage evaluation factor can be obtained through environmental monitoring equipment, such as a noise monitor, the material characteristics analysis of the stage activities can be implemented using a material database, and the pollution output type analysis of the stage activities can be obtained through an environmental input-output model, such as an I MED model.

[0130] S5. Analyze the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project in combination with the formation causes, the hazard sources and the environmental hazards at the stage, and generate the environmental impact assessment results of the construction project based on the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend.

[0131] The embodiment of the present invention combines the formation causes, the hazard sources and the environmental hazards at the stage to analyze the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project, which can more comprehensively cover the entire life cycle of the project, thereby providing more accurate environmental impact information, increasing the scientific nature and predictive ability of environmental impact assessment, and making it more in line with actual conditions. At the same time, through the trend analysis of long-term environmental impacts, potential long-term environmental risks can be revealed to help project managers formulate effective risk management strategies. The long-term environmental impact trend refers to the prediction and evaluation of the continuous and cumulative impacts that a construction project may have on the environment throughout its life cycle, such as the long-term trend of water, air and soil pollution.

[0132] As an embodiment of the present invention, the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project is analyzed in combination with the formation causes, the hazard sources and the stage environmental hazards, including: identifying the key environmental impact factors of the construction project according to the formation causes; analyzing the risk level and hazard nature of the stage environmental hazards based on the key environmental impact factors; extracting the stage type corresponding to the construction project, and determining the environmental impact level of the stage type according to the risk level and the hazard nature; identifying the key links of the hazard source based on the environmental impact level; extracting the key environmental impact features corresponding to the stage type according to the environmental impact level and the key links; and analyzing the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project based on the key environmental impact features.

[0133] Among them, the key environmental impact factors refer to the factors with the greatest impact on the environment identified based on the causes of formation, such as the use of specific materials may lead to soil pollution; the risk level refers to the size of the risk that may be brought about by stage environmental hazards; the nature of the hazard refers to the essential characteristics of the hazards that may be brought about by stage environmental hazards; the key link refers to the link that plays a key role in environmental hazards; the environmental impact level refers to the classification or rating of the severity of the environmental impact based on the risk level and the nature of the hazard; the key environmental impact characteristics refer to the characteristics or factors that have the most significant impact on the environment in a specific stage type, such as energy consumption, emission characteristics, etc.

[0134] Optionally, the analysis of the risk level and hazard nature of the environmental hazards at the stage based on the key environmental impact factors can be achieved using an ecological risk assessment model, the analysis of the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project based on the key environmental impact characteristics can be obtained through a time series analysis model, and the determination of the environmental impact level of the stage type based on the risk level and the hazard nature can be achieved using a quantitative risk analysis model, such as an event tree analysis model.

[0135] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention generates an environmental impact assessment result of the construction project based on the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend, so as to more accurately predict the potential impact of the construction project on the environment, help identify the environmental risks that the project may bring, and propose corresponding mitigation measures to reduce negative impacts. At the same time, it can also reduce resource consumption and waste generation and promote sustainable development. The environmental impact assessment result refers to the conclusion drawn after a systematic environmental impact assessment of the construction project, such as an environmental impact report.

[0136] It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention obtains the construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area, identifies the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout of the construction area and the task characteristics of the project task, and can clarify the specific goals and scope of the project, thereby identifying the uniqueness of the project's impact on the environment, and providing data support for the subsequent identification of evaluation factors for environmental impact assessment; further, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes the scope and impact of the project task, identifies the engineering impact zoning of the construction impact area, and can improve the accuracy of environmental impact assessment, ensure that the assessment results are closer to the actual environmental conditions, and help predict the specific impact of the construction project on environmentally sensitive areas; secondly, the embodiment of the present invention constructs an index evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type of the environmental effect data, and can provide a standardized process for environmental impact assessment to ensure the systematicness and comprehensiveness of the evaluation. Through the evaluation system, the key factors with the greatest impact on the environment can be identified, so as to give priority to the management and mitigation measures of these factors; thirdly, the embodiment of the present invention extracts the stage evaluation factors of the index evaluation system to analyze the project task, The environmental hazards of the stage of the project and the causes and sources of the environmental hazards of the stage can improve the accuracy of environmental impact assessment, ensure that the assessment results can truly reflect the potential impact of the project on the environment, help predict the long-term impact of the construction project on the environment, and thus formulate more specific environmental assessment plans and environmental protection measures; finally, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project by combining the causes, the sources of the hazards and the environmental hazards of the stage, and more comprehensively covers the entire life cycle of the project, thereby providing more accurate environmental impact information, increasing the scientificity and prediction ability of environmental impact assessment, and making it more in line with the actual situation. At the same time, through the trend analysis of long-term environmental impact, potential long-term environmental risks can be revealed, helping project managers to formulate effective risk management strategies, and by generating the environmental impact assessment results of the construction project according to the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend, the potential impact of the construction project on the environment can be more accurately predicted, helping to identify the environmental risks that may be brought about by the project, and proposing corresponding mitigation measures to reduce negative impacts, and at the same time, it can also reduce resource consumption and waste generation, and promote sustainable development. Therefore, the environmental impact assessment method based on building management proposed by the present invention can improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of environmental impact assessment.

[0137] like Figure 2 Shown is a system functional module diagram of the environmental impact assessment based on building management of the present invention.

[0138] The environmental impact assessment system 200 based on building management of the present invention can be installed in an electronic device. According to the functions to be implemented, the environmental impact assessment system based on building management can include a project analysis module 201, an engineering impact zoning module 202, an index evaluation system construction module 203, a stage environmental impact analysis module 204, and a long-term trend prediction module 205. The module of the present invention can also be called a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by an electronic device processor and can complete fixed functions, which are stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0139] In the embodiment of the present invention, the functions of each module / unit are as follows:

[0140] The project analysis module 201 is used to obtain the construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area, identify the spatial layout of the construction area, extract the project task of the construction project, analyze the task characteristics of the project task, and identify the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics;

[0141] The project impact zoning module 202 is used to analyze the scope and impact degree of the project task according to the task characteristics, identify the environmental sensitivity of the building impact area based on the impact degree and the scope, and identify the project impact zoning of the building impact area according to the environmental sensitivity;

[0142] An index evaluation system construction module 203 is used to collect the environmental effect data of the project impact zone, identify the data type of the environmental effect data, and construct an index evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type;

[0143] The phase environmental impact analysis module 204 is used to identify the project phase of the construction project, extract the phase evaluation factor of the index evaluation system according to the project phase, analyze the phase environmental hazards of the project task based on the phase evaluation factor, and analyze the causes and sources of the phase environmental hazards;

[0144] The long-term trend prediction module 205 is used to analyze the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project in combination with the formation causes, the hazard sources and the environmental hazards at the stage, and generate the environmental impact assessment result of the construction project according to the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend.

[0145] In detail, each module in the environmental impact assessment system 200 based on building management in the embodiment of the present invention is used in the same manner as described above. Figure 1 The technical means are the same as the environmental impact assessment method based on building management described in, and can produce the same technical effects, so they will not be repeated here.

[0146] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0147] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features invented herein.

Claims

1. An environmental impact assessment method based on building management, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire a construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area, identify the spatial layout of the construction area, extract the project task of the construction project, analyze the task characteristics of the project task, and identify the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics; Analyze the scope and impact of the project task according to the task characteristics, identify the environmental sensitivity of the building impact area based on the impact degree and the scope, and identify the engineering impact zone of the building impact area according to the environmental sensitivity; Collecting environmental effect data of the project impact zone, identifying the data type of the environmental effect data, and constructing an index evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type; Identify the project stage of the construction project, extract the stage evaluation factor of the indicator evaluation system according to the project stage, analyze the stage environmental hazards of the project task based on the stage evaluation factor, and analyze the causes and sources of the stage environmental hazards; In combination with the formation causes, the hazard sources and the environmental hazards at the stage, the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project is analyzed, and the environmental impact assessment results of the construction project are generated based on the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The analyzing the task characteristics of the project task includes: Extracting the construction area corresponding to the project task and identifying the surrounding environment of the construction area; Analyze the environmental sensitivity of the project tasks to the surrounding environment; Analyze the potential impact of the project tasks on the surrounding environment based on the environmental sensitivity; Collecting environmental impact data of the project tasks, and analyzing environmental risk characteristics of the project tasks based on the environmental impact data; Analyze the task characteristics of the project task in combination with the environmental sensitivity, potential impacts and environmental risk characteristics.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of identifying the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics comprises: Identifying a construction area of ​​the construction project and identifying an adjacent area corresponding to the construction area; Analyzing the impact of the construction area on the layout of the adjacent area according to the spatial layout; Based on the task characteristics, identifying emissions from the construction project; Identifying disturbance factors of the construction project and calculating the diffusion range of the disturbance factors; Identify the breadth of impact of the construction project based on the emissions and the diffusion range; Based on the layout impact and the impact breadth, a construction impact area of ​​the construction project is identified.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Analyzing the scope and impact of the project task based on the task characteristics includes: According to the characteristics of the task, identifying the construction method of the project task; Based on the construction method, analyze the emission types of the project tasks and analyze the total amount of emissions of the emission types; Identify the duration of the project tasks; Analyze the environmental threat level of the project task based on the duration, the type of emissions and the total amount of emissions; Identify the construction area of ​​the project task and collect local natural conditions of the construction area; Identify the location of environmentally sensitive areas corresponding to the project tasks based on the local natural conditions and the degree of environmental threats; Based on the degree of environmental threat and the location of the environmentally sensitive area, analyze the scope and impact of the project task.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of identifying the engineering impact zone of the building impact zone according to the environmental sensitivity includes: Identifying a building construction area corresponding to the building impact area; Analyze the project characteristics of the construction area; Identify the environmental impact risk of the construction area on the building impact area based on the project characteristics and the environmental sensitivity; Based on the environmental impact risks, identifying environmental impact factors of the building impact area; Analyze the risk level of the building impact area according to the environmental impact factors; Based on the risk factor, an engineering impact zone of the building impact zone is identified.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of constructing an index evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data types includes: Analyzing the environmental impact type of the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data types; Based on the environmental impact type, identifying the environmental impact scope of the construction project; Extract sensitive substances within the scope of environmental impact; Determining the environmental sensitivity dimension of the construction project based on the sensitive objects; Identify environmental stability indicators for said environmental sensitivity dimensions; Analyzing the construction load of the construction project based on the environmental stability index; identifying the environmental bearing capacity of the environmental impact range according to the building load; An indicator evaluation system for the construction project is constructed by combining the environmental sensitivity dimension, the environmental stability index and the environmental bearing capacity.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of extracting the stage evaluation factors of the indicator evaluation system according to the project stage includes: Identify the evaluation indicator type of the indicator evaluation system and the stage type of the project stage; Analyze the environmental impact characteristics corresponding to the stage type; Identify the environmental impact category of the project phase according to the evaluation indicator type; Calculating the degree of correlation between the environmental impact characteristics and the environmental impact categories; Based on the degree of association, the stage evaluation factors of the indicator evaluation system are extracted.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The analysis of the causes and sources of environmental hazards at the stage based on the stage evaluation factors includes: Extracting the factor type of the evaluation factor of the stage; Based on the factor type, identifying the stage activity corresponding to the stage evaluation factor; Analyze the characteristics of materials used and the types of pollution output of the activities in the mentioned phase; Based on the characteristics of the materials used and the types of pollution output, analyze the causes and sources of environmental hazards at this stage.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project is analyzed by combining the formation causes, the hazard sources and the environmental hazards at the stage, including: Based on the causes, identify the key environmental impact factors of the construction project; Based on the key environmental impact factors, analyze the risk level and nature of environmental hazards at the stage; Extracting the stage type corresponding to the construction project, and determining the environmental impact level of the stage type according to the risk level and the nature of the hazard; Based on the environmental impact level, identify the key links of the hazard source; Extracting key environmental impact features corresponding to the stage type according to the environmental impact level and the key links; Based on the key environmental impact characteristics, the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project is analyzed.

10. An environmental impact assessment system based on construction management, characterized in that: The system comprises: A project analysis module is used to obtain a construction project to be evaluated and its corresponding construction area, identify the spatial layout of the construction area, extract the project task of the construction project, analyze the task characteristics of the project task, and identify the construction impact area of ​​the construction project according to the spatial layout and the task characteristics; An engineering impact zoning module is used to analyze the scope and impact degree of the project task according to the task characteristics, identify the environmental sensitivity of the building impact area based on the impact degree and the scope, and identify the engineering impact zoning of the building impact area according to the environmental sensitivity; An index evaluation system construction module is used to collect the environmental effect data of the project impact zone, identify the data type of the environmental effect data, and construct an index evaluation system for the construction project according to the task characteristics and the data type; A phase environmental impact analysis module is used to identify the project phase of the construction project, extract the phase evaluation factor of the index evaluation system according to the project phase, analyze the phase environmental hazards of the project task based on the phase evaluation factor, and analyze the causes and sources of the phase environmental hazards; The long-term trend prediction module is used to analyze the long-term environmental impact trend of the construction project in combination with the formation causes, the hazard sources and the environmental hazards at the stage, and generate the environmental impact assessment results of the construction project based on the indicator evaluation system and the long-term environmental impact trend.

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