Fuel cell thermal management system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell thermal management system and a control method thereof.The system comprises a fuel cell stack, a water pump, a radiator, a cooling fan, a heater, a three-way electromagnetic valve, a temperature sensor, a particle filter and a control module, and the radiator, the heater and the temperature sensor are all connected with a cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell stack; the radiator, the heater and the water pump are all connected with the three-way electromagnetic valve, the particle filter is connected with the water pump, and the particle filter and the temperature sensor are both connected with a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack. Therefore, accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid at the inlet and outlet of the stack is realized, stable operation of the stack within a proper temperature range is ensured, the thermal management effect of the system is improved, the performance and reliability of the fuel cell are enhanced, and the method can be widely applied to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell thermal management system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the dual carbon strategy, China is actively promoting the development of low-carbon energy technologies to achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Under this framework, high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems, as the main power unit for heavy trucks, are attracting widespread attention due to their high efficiency and clean emission characteristics. The PEMFC system consists of key components such as the stack, air system, hydrogen supply system, electrical system and thermal management system. Among them, the heat generated by the stack during normal operation is almost equivalent to its power output. Therefore, the output performance of PEMFC is largely affected by thermal management. Low temperature will reduce the electrochemical reaction rate, while high temperature will increase the degradation of catalysts and membranes, thereby reducing the performance of PEMFC. Therefore, thermal management plays a vital role in the PEMFC stack, and effective heat dissipation technology has become the key to improving system performance and promoting its commercialization.

[0003] In high-power PEMFC, as the system power increases significantly, the need for thermal management becomes particularly urgent. Especially in the field of heavy trucks, thermal management of fuel cell systems is one of the key technologies. Given that multi-fan radiators can provide stronger heat dissipation performance, they have become the core components of high-power fuel cell thermal management systems. However, existing thermal management system control strategies are mostly based on single-fan radiator designs, which limits their applicability in multi-fan radiator systems. Therefore, it is particularly important to conduct in-depth research on the thermal management system control strategy of multi-fan radiators. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art to at least a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, one purpose of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell thermal management system, which optimizes the start and stop logic and speed control strategy of the fan in the fan radiator system, thereby achieving precise control of the coolant temperature at the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack, ensuring that the fuel cell stack operates stably within an appropriate temperature range, improving the thermal management effect of the system, and enhancing the performance and reliability of the fuel cell.

[0006] Another object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a control method for a fuel cell thermal management system.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system, comprising: a fuel cell stack, a water pump, a radiator, a cooling fan, a heater, a three-way solenoid valve, a temperature sensor, a particle filter and a control module, wherein the radiator, the heater and the temperature sensor are all connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack, the radiator, the heater and the water pump are all connected to the three-way solenoid valve, the particle filter is connected to the water pump, the particle filter and the temperature sensor are all connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack, the water pump is used to drive the coolant to circulate in the system, the radiator is used to perform heat exchange with the coolant, and the cooling fan is used to discharge the radiator. The heater is used to heat the coolant, the three-way solenoid valve is used to control the flow direction of the coolant, the temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the coolant and obtain coolant temperature information, the particle filter is used to filter particulate impurities in the coolant, the control module is used to control the speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack, the control module is also used to control the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information, the control module is also used to control the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, and the control module is also used to control the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature.

[0009] Further, the temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the coolant temperature information includes first temperature information and second temperature information, the first temperature sensor is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack, the second temperature sensor is connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack, the first temperature sensor is used to obtain the first temperature information of the coolant inlet, and the second temperature sensor is used to obtain the second temperature information of the coolant outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling fan includes a first fan group and a second fan group, and the control module is used to perform feedforward adjustment and proportional-integral adjustment on the duty cycle of the first fan group according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature, and the control module is also used to perform feedforward adjustment on the duty cycle of the second fan group according to the output current and the ambient temperature.

[0011] Furthermore, the system also includes an expansion water tank and a deionizer, the inlet of the expansion water tank is connected to the coolant outlet, the water pump and the deionizer are both connected to the outlet of the expansion water tank, the deionizer is connected to the water pump, the expansion water tank is used to stabilize the system pressure, and the deionizer is used to remove ionic impurities in the coolant.

[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell thermal management method, which is used to be executed by the above-mentioned fuel cell thermal management system, including:

[0013] The coolant is driven to circulate in the system by a water pump;

[0014] exchanging heat with the coolant through a radiator;

[0015] Discharging the heat of the radiator through a cooling fan;

[0016] heating the coolant by a heater;

[0017] Controlling the flow direction of the coolant by a three-way solenoid valve;

[0018] Monitor the temperature of the coolant by a temperature sensor to obtain coolant temperature information;

[0019] filtering particulate impurities in the coolant through a particulate filter;

[0020] Controlling the rotation speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack by a control module;

[0021] Controlling the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information by the control module;

[0022] Controlling the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information by the control module;

[0023] The control module controls the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature.

[0024] Further, controlling the rotation speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack includes:

[0025] Acquire first temperature information of the coolant inlet and second temperature information of the coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information;

[0026] performing feedforward regulation and proportional-integral regulation on the rotation speed of the water pump according to the difference between the first temperature information and the second temperature information and the output current;

[0027] The rotation speed of the water pump is proportionally and integrally adjusted according to the first coolant temperature difference.

[0028] Further, controlling the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information includes:

[0029] determining whether the temperature of the coolant increases according to the coolant temperature information;

[0030] When the temperature of the coolant increases, the control module controls the three-way solenoid valve to increase its opening.

[0031] Further, controlling the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information includes:

[0032] Acquire second temperature information of the coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information;

[0033] When the second temperature information is higher than a preset start threshold, an enable signal is sent to the cooling fan through the control module;

[0034] When the second temperature information is lower than a preset stop threshold, a stop enable signal is sent to the cooling fan through the control module.

[0035] Further, the step of controlling the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature includes:

[0036] Acquire first temperature information of the coolant inlet according to the coolant temperature information;

[0037] Performing feedforward adjustment and integral ratio adjustment on the duty cycle of the first fan group of the cooling fan according to the difference between the first temperature information and the preset target temperature, the output current and the ambient temperature;

[0038] The duty cycle of the second fan group of the heat dissipation fan is feed-forward adjusted according to the output current and the ambient temperature.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0040] Acquire second temperature information of the coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information;

[0041] When the second temperature information is higher than a preset high temperature threshold, the duty cycle of the cooling fan is set to a maximum value through the control module.

[0042] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention will be partly given in the following description, partly become apparent from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention:

[0043] The fuel cell thermal management system proposed in the embodiment of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure and easy implementation. By combining feedforward control and PI control, the water pump speed is accurately adjusted to meet the system's demand for coolant flow; the opening of the three-way solenoid valve is controlled by feedforward regulation to achieve flexible switching of the coolant in the large circulation system and the small circulation system, and the PTC heater is used in the small circulation system to achieve rapid heating in a low temperature environment, and the heat dissipation demand of the fuel cell stack is met in the large circulation system, thereby meeting the temperature control requirements under different working conditions and improving the performance of the fuel cell; by configuring the cooling fans in groups, the first fan group uses the feedforward + PI adjustment mode to correct the influence of external interference, and the second fan group uses feedforward control to ensure rapid response to temperature changes, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the system; by setting the stack protection control logic, temperature protection processing is performed for extreme situations, and irreversible damage to the stack caused by over-temperature problems during operation is avoided to the greatest extent, thereby improving the stability and safety of the system, and can meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power fuel cell systems, and is suitable for multiple application scenarios such as test development and engineering practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of cooling fans for a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the start and stop control logic of a cooling fan of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the duty cycle control logic of a cooling fan of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of PI+feedforward control logic of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack temperature protection control logic of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the steps of a control method for a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. For the step numbers in the following embodiments, they are only provided for the convenience of explanation, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way. The execution order of each step in the embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more than two. If there is a description of "a first" or "a second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features. In addition, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this document have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art.

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system, including: a fuel cell stack, a water pump, a radiator, a cooling fan, a heater, a three-way solenoid valve, a temperature sensor, a particle filter and a control module, the radiator, the heater and the temperature sensor are all connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack, the radiator, the heater and the water pump are all connected to the three-way solenoid valve, the particle filter is connected to the water pump, the particle filter and the temperature sensor are all connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack, the water pump is used to drive the coolant to circulate in the system, the radiator is used to perform heat exchange with the coolant, the cooling fan is used to discharge the heat of the radiator, the heater is used to heat the coolant, the three-way solenoid valve is used to control the flow direction of the coolant, the temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the coolant and obtain the coolant temperature information, the particle filter is used to filter the particle impurities in the coolant, the control module is used to control the speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack, the control module is also used to control the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information, the control module is also used to control the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, and the control module is also used to control the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1The legend is: 1: fuel cell stack; 2: water pump; 3: radiator; 4: cooling fan; 5: PTC heater; 6: deionizer; 7: expansion tank; 8: three-way solenoid valve; 9: fuel cell coolant inlet temperature sensor; 10: fuel cell coolant outlet temperature sensor; 11: particulate filter.

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of cooling fans for a fuel cell thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. Figure 2 , Figure 2 The legend is 41: the first group of fans; 42: the second group of fans; 43: the third group of fans; 3: radiator; wherein 41 is the first fan group, 42 and 43 are the second fan group, and in this embodiment, the cooling fan is composed of six independent fan units, which are configured into three groups, each group contains two fans, and each group of fans can be controlled independently.

[0056] The system can be further divided into two parts: the large circulation system and the small circulation system. The large circulation system loop includes the following components: fuel cell stack, fuel cell coolant outlet temperature sensor, radiator, cooling fan, three-way solenoid valve, water pump, particulate filter and fuel cell coolant inlet temperature sensor; the small circulation system loop includes the following components: fuel cell stack, fuel cell coolant outlet temperature sensor, PTC heater, three-way solenoid valve, water pump, particulate filter and fuel cell coolant inlet temperature sensor.

[0057] The workflow and control strategy of this embodiment include:

[0058] (1) Start-up of the circulating water pump and speed control logic: When the fuel cell system is in standby mode, the water pump starts running at the lowest speed to ensure that the coolant continues to flow in the pipeline and exchange heat with various parts. After the system enters the working mode, the speed of the water pump is adjusted through the feedforward control strategy according to the output current of the fuel cell stack (that is, the lower the stack current, the lower the speed feedforward value) to meet the system's demand for coolant flow. In addition, in order to prevent the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet coolant of the fuel cell stack from being too large during operation, the system also uses a proportional-integral (PI) control strategy to dynamically adjust the water pump speed. The correction value of the water pump speed is calculated based on the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet coolant of the stack, and the final water pump speed is obtained by combining the feedforward value and the correction value.

[0059] (2) Thermostat (i.e., three-way solenoid valve) control logic: The thermostat opening is feedforward adjusted according to the coolant temperature at the stack outlet. Under low-temperature conditions, the thermostat opening is small, and most of the coolant is directed to the small circulation system. The coolant is heated by the PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater so that the coolant quickly reaches the target temperature. As the coolant temperature at the stack outlet increases, the thermostat gradually opens fully, allowing all the coolant to enter the large circulation system.

[0060] (3) Cooling fan start and stop control logic: Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the start and stop control logic of a cooling fan of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the temperature sensor is used to obtain the coolant temperature at the stack outlet. When the coolant temperature at the stack outlet is higher than 82°C, the fuel cell system controller FCU sends an enable signal through the CAN bus. If the coolant temperature at the stack outlet is detected to be lower than 80°C during operation, the FCU sends a stop enable signal to the fan controller. The temperature thresholds of 80°C and 82°C can be adjusted according to requirements in actual applications.

[0061] (4) Cooling fan duty cycle control logic: Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the duty cycle control logic of a cooling fan of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 4 In this embodiment, the temperature sensor is used to obtain the coolant temperature at the inlet of the stack. When the coolant temperature at the inlet of the stack is higher than 80°C, the feedforward + PI adjustment mode of the cooling fan speed is started. When the coolant temperature at the inlet of the stack is lower than 78°C, the duty cycle signal sent by the FCU to the fan controller is 0. The temperature thresholds of 80°C and 78°C can be adjusted according to needs in actual applications.

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of PI+feedforward control logic of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 5 In this embodiment, the specific execution logic of the feedforward + PI adjustment mode of the cooling fan speed is: the latter two groups of fans (the second group of fans and the third group of fans, i.e., the second fan group) only perform feedforward control on their duty cycle based on the ambient temperature and the stack current (i.e., the lower the ambient temperature, the lower the feedforward duty cycle; the lower the stack current, the lower the feedforward duty cycle; but it should be noted that the feedforward duty cycle must not be between 0 and the minimum allowable duty cycle of the fan). In addition, due to various factors such as changes in stack power and ambient temperature during load changes, which will interfere with the stack temperature control, in order to respond to interference in a timely manner, it is necessary to perform anti-interference processing. On the basis of feedforward control, a proportional-integral controller is used according to the proportional gain Kp , integral gain K i And the target temperature of the coolant inlet of the stack T target (80℃) and the actual coolant temperature T at the actual stack inlet in The deviation of the duty cycle of the first group of fans (i.e., the first fan group) is adjusted by PI, so as to timely correct the interference of the stack power and ambient temperature changes on the stack temperature. Among them, the temperature threshold of 80°C can be adjusted according to needs in actual applications.

[0063] (5) Stack protection control logic: Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack temperature protection control logic of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 6 In this embodiment, in order to avoid long-term high-power operation causing the stack to overheat, it is necessary to design a protection control logic. The control logic is: when the stack outlet coolant temperature is detected to be higher than 88°C, the three sets of fans are set to the highest speed to quickly reduce the coolant temperature, thereby preventing the stack temperature from being too high. When the stack coolant outlet temperature is lower than 85°C, the fan feedforward + PI control mode is immediately restored. Among them, the temperature thresholds of 88°C and 85°C can be adjusted according to needs in actual applications.

[0064] It can be recognized that the fuel cell thermal management system proposed in the embodiment of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure and easy implementation. By combining feedforward control and PI control, the water pump speed is accurately adjusted to meet the system's demand for coolant flow; the opening of the three-way solenoid valve is controlled by feedforward regulation to achieve flexible switching of the coolant in the large circulation system and the small circulation system, and the PTC heater is used in the small circulation system to achieve rapid heating in a low temperature environment, and the heat dissipation demand of the fuel cell stack is met in the large circulation system, thereby meeting the temperature control requirements under different working conditions and improving the performance of the fuel cell; by configuring the cooling fans in groups, the first fan group uses the feedforward + PI adjustment mode to correct the influence of external interference, and the second fan group uses feedforward control to ensure rapid response to temperature changes, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the system; by setting the stack protection control logic, temperature protection processing is performed for extreme situations, and the over-temperature problem during operation is avoided to the greatest extent to cause irreversible damage to the stack, thereby improving the stability and safety of the system, and can meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power fuel cell systems, and is suitable for multiple application scenarios such as test development and engineering practice.

[0065] In some optional embodiments, the temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the coolant temperature information includes first temperature information and second temperature information, the first temperature sensor is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the second temperature sensor is connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack, the first temperature sensor is used to obtain first temperature information of the coolant inlet, and the second temperature sensor is used to obtain second temperature information of the coolant outlet.

[0066] In some optional embodiments, the cooling fan includes a first fan group and a second fan group, and the control module is used to perform feedforward adjustment and proportional-integral adjustment on the duty cycle of the first fan group according to coolant temperature information, output current and ambient temperature. The control module is also used to perform feedforward adjustment on the duty cycle of the second fan group according to the output current and ambient temperature.

[0067] In some optional embodiments, the system also includes an expansion water tank and a deionizer, the inlet of the expansion water tank is connected to the coolant outlet, the water pump and the deionizer are both connected to the outlet of the expansion water tank, the deionizer is connected to the water pump, the expansion water tank is used to stabilize the system pressure, and the deionizer is used to remove ionic impurities in the coolant.

[0068] Reference Figure 7 The embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a fuel cell thermal management system, which is used for executing the above-mentioned fuel cell thermal management system, and includes:

[0069] S101, driving the coolant to circulate in the system through a water pump;

[0070] S102, performing heat exchange with the coolant through a radiator;

[0071] S103, discharging heat from the radiator through a cooling fan;

[0072] S104, heating the coolant by a heater;

[0073] S105, controlling the flow direction of the coolant through a three-way solenoid valve;

[0074] S106, monitoring the temperature of the coolant through a temperature sensor to obtain coolant temperature information;

[0075] S107, filtering particulate impurities in the coolant through a particulate filter;

[0076] S108, controlling the speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack through the control module;

[0077] S109, controlling the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information through the control module;

[0078] S110, controlling the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information through the control module;

[0079] S111. Control the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature through a control module.

[0080] In some optional embodiments, controlling the rotation speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack includes:

[0081] Acquire first temperature information of a coolant inlet and second temperature information of a coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information;

[0082] Performing feedforward regulation and proportional-integral regulation on the rotation speed of the water pump according to the difference between the first temperature information and the second temperature information and the output current;

[0083] The rotation speed of the water pump is proportionally and integrally regulated according to the first coolant temperature difference.

[0084] In some optional embodiments, controlling the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information includes:

[0085] judging whether the temperature of the coolant increases according to the coolant temperature information;

[0086] When the temperature of the coolant rises, the control module controls the three-way solenoid valve to increase its opening.

[0087] In some optional embodiments, controlling the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information includes:

[0088] Acquire second temperature information of the coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information;

[0089] When the second temperature information is higher than a preset start threshold, an enable signal is sent to the cooling fan through the control module;

[0090] When the second temperature information is lower than a preset stop threshold, a stop enable signal is sent to the cooling fan through the control module.

[0091] In some optional embodiments, controlling the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature includes:

[0092] Acquire first temperature information of a coolant inlet according to the coolant temperature information;

[0093] Performing feedforward adjustment and integral ratio adjustment on the duty cycle of the first fan group of the cooling fan according to the difference between the first temperature information and the preset target temperature, the output current and the ambient temperature;

[0094] The duty cycle of the second fan group of the heat dissipation fan is feed-forward adjusted according to the output current and the ambient temperature.

[0095] In some optional embodiments, it also includes:

[0096] Acquire second temperature information of the coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information;

[0097] When the second temperature information is higher than a preset high temperature threshold, the duty cycle of the cooling fan is set to a maximum value through the control module.

[0098] It should be appreciated that embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or enforced by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable memory. The above methods may be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques, including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with a computer program, wherein the storage medium so configured causes the computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner, according to the methods and drawings described in the specific embodiments. Each program may be implemented in a high-level procedural or object-oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system. However, if desired, the program may be implemented in an assembly or machine language. In any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language. In addition, the program may be run on a programmed dedicated integrated circuit for this purpose.

[0099] Furthermore, the operations of the processes described herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The processes described herein (or variations and / or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) that is executed collectively on one or more processors, by hardware, or a combination thereof. The computer programs described above include a plurality of instructions that may be executed by one or more processors.

[0100] Further, the above method can be implemented in any type of computing platform that is operably connected to a suitable computer, including but not limited to a personal computer, a minicomputer, a mainframe, a workstation, a network or distributed computing environment, a separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, etc. Various aspects of the present invention can be implemented in machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into a computing platform, such as a hard disk, an optical read and / or write storage medium, a RAM, a ROM, etc., so that it can be read by a programmable computer, and when the storage medium or device is read by the computer, it can be used to configure and operate the computer to perform the process described herein. In addition, the machine-readable code, or a portion thereof, can be transmitted via a wired or wireless network. When such media includes instructions or programs that implement the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor, the invention described herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media. When programmed according to the methods and techniques described in the present invention, the present invention also includes the computer itself.

[0101] The computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described herein, thereby converting the input data to generate output data stored in a non-volatile memory. The output information can also be applied to one or more output devices such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the converted data represents physical and tangible objects, including specific visual depictions of physical and tangible objects produced on the display.

[0102] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. As long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, its technical solutions and / or implementation methods may have various modifications and changes.

Claims

1. A fuel cell thermal management system, characterized in that: include: A fuel cell stack, a water pump, a radiator, a cooling fan, a heater, a three-way solenoid valve, a temperature sensor, a particle filter and a control module, wherein the radiator, the heater and the temperature sensor are all connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack, the radiator, the heater and the water pump are all connected to the three-way solenoid valve, the particle filter is connected to the water pump, the particle filter and the temperature sensor are all connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack, the water pump is used to drive the coolant to circulate in the system, the radiator is used to perform heat exchange with the coolant, the cooling fan is used to discharge the heat of the radiator, and the heater is used to heat the The coolant, the three-way solenoid valve is used to control the flow direction of the coolant, the temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the coolant and obtain the coolant temperature information, the particle filter is used to filter the particulate impurities in the coolant, the control module is used to control the speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack, the control module is also used to control the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information, the control module is also used to control the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, and the control module is also used to control the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature.

2. A fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, and the coolant temperature information includes first temperature information and second temperature information. The first temperature sensor is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the second temperature sensor is connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack. The first temperature sensor is used to obtain the first temperature information of the coolant inlet, and the second temperature sensor is used to obtain the second temperature information of the coolant outlet.

3. A fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling fan includes a first fan group and a second fan group. The control module is used to perform feedforward adjustment and proportional-integral adjustment on the duty cycle of the first fan group according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature. The control module is also used to perform feedforward adjustment on the duty cycle of the second fan group according to the output current and the ambient temperature.

4. A fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an expansion water tank and a deionizer, wherein the inlet of the expansion water tank is connected to the coolant outlet, the water pump and the deionizer are both connected to the outlet of the expansion water tank, the deionizer is connected to the water pump, the expansion water tank is used to stabilize the system pressure, and the deionizer is used to remove ionic impurities in the coolant.

5. A control method for a fuel cell thermal management system, for use in a fuel cell thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: The coolant is driven to circulate in the system by a water pump; exchanging heat with the coolant through a radiator; Discharging the heat of the radiator through a cooling fan; heating the coolant by a heater; Controlling the flow direction of the coolant by a three-way solenoid valve; Monitor the temperature of the coolant by a temperature sensor to obtain coolant temperature information; filtering particulate impurities in the coolant through a particulate filter; Controlling the rotation speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack by a control module; Controlling the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information by the control module; Controlling the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information by the control module; The control module controls the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature.

6. The control method of a fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controlling the rotation speed of the water pump according to the coolant temperature information and the output current of the fuel cell stack comprises: Acquire first temperature information of the coolant inlet and second temperature information of the coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information; performing feedforward regulation and proportional-integral regulation on the rotation speed of the water pump according to the difference between the first temperature information and the second temperature information and the output current; The rotation speed of the water pump is proportionally and integrally adjusted according to the first coolant temperature difference.

7. The control method of a fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of controlling the opening of the three-way solenoid valve according to the coolant temperature information includes: determining whether the temperature of the coolant increases according to the coolant temperature information; When the temperature of the coolant increases, the control module controls the three-way solenoid valve to increase its opening.

8. The control method of a fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controlling the start and stop of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information comprises: Acquire second temperature information of the coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information; When the second temperature information is higher than a preset start threshold, an enable signal is sent to the cooling fan through the control module; When the second temperature information is lower than a preset stop threshold, a stop enable signal is sent to the cooling fan through the control module.

9. The control method of a fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of controlling the duty cycle of the cooling fan according to the coolant temperature information, the output current and the ambient temperature comprises: Acquire first temperature information of the coolant inlet according to the coolant temperature information; Performing feedforward adjustment and integral ratio adjustment on the duty cycle of the first fan group of the cooling fan according to the difference between the first temperature information and the preset target temperature, the output current and the ambient temperature; The duty cycle of the second fan group of the heat dissipation fan is feed-forward adjusted according to the output current and the ambient temperature.

10. The control method of a fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: Acquire second temperature information of the coolant outlet according to the coolant temperature information; When the second temperature information is higher than a preset high temperature threshold, the duty cycle of the cooling fan is set to a maximum value through the control module.

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