Slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of power supply or power distribution systems. According to the slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation, the cathode region product of the fuel cell is water, and the characteristic that the hydrogen production reaction of a multi-medium composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material needs a large amount of water is combined, so that water recycling is realized. The power generation system not only improves the utilization rate of water resources, but also prevents the phenomenon of water logging, thereby improving the power supply performance of the battery and prolonging the service life of the fuel battery. In addition, the power generation system does not need an additional drainage system, the design cost is saved, the integration level of the system is improved, and a design thought is provided for research and development of a novel portable hydrogen fuel cell energy supply system in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power supply or distribution systems, and in particular to a slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Entering the electrical age, people's dependence on electricity has exploded. Rapidly increasing energy consumption and environmental problems have forced humans to vigorously develop renewable energy while reducing their dependence on fossil fuels. Wind and solar energy have limited contributions to electricity supply due to their volatility and intermittency. Compared with other energy storage technologies, hydrogen energy, as a clean energy that can store waste energy and promote the transition from traditional fossil energy to green energy, has an energy density that is three times that of oil and 4.5 times that of coal. It is regarded as a disruptive technology direction for the future energy revolution.

[0003] Hydrogen fuel cells are the key carrier for converting hydrogen energy into electrical energy. They use hydrogen as fuel and directly convert the chemical energy in the fuel into electrical energy and generate water through electrochemical reactions. However, in order to ensure that the water inside the fuel cell can be discharged smoothly and operate efficiently, the amount of hydrogen supplied on the anode side needs to be greater than the amount of hydrogen reacted, which not only wastes water resources, but also wastes hydrogen resources, seriously reducing energy utilization.

[0004] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN118888789A discloses a hydrogen supply system, control method and equipment for a hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen supply system determines the hydrogen working mode through the control module according to the working current density of the stack and the pressure value of the gas tank, and in the intermittent hydrogen discharge mode, intermittently opens and closes the first control component and controls the ejector and the second control component to be in a disconnected state, so as to deliver the hydrogen source to the anode input end through the three-way valve; in the hydrogen half-cycle mode, the second control component and the ejector are controlled to be in a connected state and the first control component is controlled to be in a disconnected state, so as to deliver the hydrogen source to the anode input end through the ejector, and to withdraw the hydrogen stored in the gas tank through the ejector; in the hydrogen full-cycle mode, the first control component, the second control component and the ejector are controlled to be in a connected state, so as to deliver the hydrogen source to the anode input end through the ejector or the three-way valve. The invention adopts intermittent hydrogen discharge and hydrogen half-cycle modes, taking into account the recoverable rate of hydrogen and voltage stability. However, it does not develop ways to utilize water and cannot solve the problem of water resource loss.

[0005] Similarly, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN118825324A discloses a hydrogen fuel cell plate structure and a hydrogen fuel cell, the battery plate structure includes plates that are respectively connected to the two sides of the membrane electrode; the contact side of the plate and the membrane electrode is provided with a flow channel, the plate is used to transport the reaction gas to the membrane electrode assembly through the flow channel, and at the same time collect and conduct current, and discharge the water generated by the reaction; the flow channels are separated by flow channel ridges; a water tank is provided on the flow channel ridge; the water tank is used to store the water generated by the reaction, so as to regulate the humidity of the membrane electrode reaction environment. This solution can discharge the water generated by the reaction in time, prevent performance abnormalities caused by flooding during the battery reaction, and thus improve the stability of the hydrogen fuel cell. However, it still wastes water resources in essence and reduces the utilization rate of resources.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN112993362A provides a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell energy regeneration circulation device, whose structure includes a hydrogen regeneration circulation system, an oxygen regeneration circulation system, a heat regeneration circulation system and an electric power inverter system. The device is a regenerative fuel cell device that combines a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell with water electrolysis. It can generate electricity through hydrogen and oxygen gas, and can also produce hydrogen and oxygen gas through reverse electrolysis of water, so as to achieve the regeneration, storage and recycling of hydrogen and oxygen gas. At the same time, it can also achieve the recovery, storage and recycling of the reaction water and heat energy of the device. Although it can recycle the product water to produce hydrogen, the method of electrolyzing water requires more electricity and is more expensive. Therefore, how to efficiently utilize the water generated by the fuel cell process is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0007] In the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN118495469A, the inventor team provides a multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and its preparation method, which uses water and a special slurry liquid to react to achieve rapid and efficient hydrogen production, and is expected to become a way to replace the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen. However, in practical applications, this special hydrogen production mechanism still lacks a power generation system specifically adapted to it for implementation. And because the fluidity of the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material (hereinafter referred to as slurry liquid) is very poor, when the temperature remains unchanged, different ratios and pressures of slurry liquid and water will affect its conversion rate, hydrogen production rate and hydrogen production stability, and inappropriate ratios and pressures cannot achieve a large supply of hydrogen. Therefore, overcoming the above problems and developing a feasible solution for the industrial and efficient use of multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production materials is of great significance for expanding the application of hydrogen energy. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, in the first aspect of the present invention, a slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation is provided, which realizes the recycling of water resources, has high energy utilization and integration, and has flexible application scenarios. The structure includes a hydrogen supply module, an oxygen supply module, a fuel cell module, and a water circulation module; The hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen production system, a purification system, a hydrogen storage system, and a hydrogen supply system. In the hydrogen production system, water and a multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material react under reaction conditions to generate hydrogen, which is purified by the purification system and stored in the hydrogen storage system, and is supplied to the fuel cell module by the hydrogen supply system. The fuel cell module uses hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply system and oxygen supplied by the oxygen supply module to generate water through redox reaction, converting chemical energy into electrical energy for power supply; The water circulation module includes a product separation system and a water supply system; the product separation system recycles the water generated by the fuel cell module and transports it to the hydrogen supply module via the water supply system to be used as a raw material for circulating hydrogen production; Modules and their internal systems are connected by pipelines to transport materials.

[0009] Preferably, the hydrogen production system includes a storage tank, a reactor, a heater, and a water tank; the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water are stored in the storage tank and the water tank, respectively, and are transported to the reactor during the reaction; the water is heated by the heater to reach the temperature required for the reaction; the purification system includes a membrane separator, and the hydrogen storage system includes a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a gas chromatograph (GC); the hydrogen generated by the reactor is purified by the membrane separator and transported to the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank for storage, and the purity of the hydrogen is detected by the gas chromatograph; the hydrogen supply system includes a pressure sensor and a first pressure reducing valve; during hydrogen supply, the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank is sequentially transported to the fuel cell module under the control of the first pressure reducing valve and the pressure sensor.

[0010] The pressure sensor and the first pressure reducing valve are used to reflect and adjust the flow rate of hydrogen entering the fuel cell module; the GC is used to detect whether the purity of hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank meets the standards for use of the fuel cell module.

[0011] Further preferably, the feed rate ratio of the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water is 1:3-10.

[0012] Further preferably, the reactor is provided with a stirring paddle to accelerate the reaction.

[0013] Further preferably, the reactor is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure regulator for monitoring the real-time temperature and adjusting the pressure; the pressure regulator regulates the pressure in the range of 0.10-0.50 MPa.

[0014] Further preferably, a catalyst is added to the reactor to accelerate the catalytic hydrogen production rate, and the amount of the catalyst is 3% of the weight of the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material; the catalyst includes a Pt-based catalyst or a Pd-based catalyst.

[0015] Further preferably, the heating temperature of the heater is 100-180° C., which is used to increase the temperature and accelerate the start-up of the hydrogen production reaction.

[0016] On the basis of realizing water recycling, adjusting the parameters of the hydrogen production reaction helps to optimize the conversion rate, hydrogen production rate and hydrogen production stability caused by the poor fluidity of the slurry liquid, so that the system can reach a better operating state. The hydrogen production reaction process involves chemical reactions and changes in system heat, in which water not only reacts chemically with reactants as a reaction medium, but also acts as a heat absorber to adjust the temperature of the reaction system. Therefore, increasing the feed ratio of water to slurry liquid may increase the reaction rate and lead to a faster hydrogen generation rate, but it may also cause the temperature in the reaction zone to become unstable and fluctuate violently. Different pressures will also affect the hydrogen production rate and stability.

[0017] Preferably, the oxygen supply module includes an oxygen storage tank; when supplying oxygen, the oxygen is transported to the fuel cell module.

[0018] Preferably, the fuel cell module includes a fuel cell and a load; the fuel cell includes an anode region, an electrolyte region 13, and a cathode region; oxygen is transported to the cathode region, and hydrogen is transported to the anode region, and hydrogen and oxygen undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction to generate water, converting chemical energy into electrical energy to supply power to the electrical load.

[0019] Further preferably, the electrolyte region includes a catalyst layer, a diffusion layer, and a proton exchange membrane.

[0020] Further preferably, unreacted hydrogen in the anode region is recovered and transported to a purification system for purification under the control of a second pressure reducing valve to improve hydrogen utilization.

[0021] Preferably, the water circulation module includes a flow meter, a flow regulating valve, a condenser, and a gas-water separator; the gas-water separator separates the water and unreacted oxygen generated by the fuel cell module, and then the water is transported to the hydrogen production system in sequence under the control of the condenser, the flow regulating valve, and the flow meter, and participates in hydrogen production as a raw material cycle.

[0022] The flow meter is used to reflect the flow rate of water in the pipeline in real time, the flow regulating valve is used to adjust the flow rate of water, and the condenser is used to reduce the temperature of the water from the gas-water separator in the pipeline.

[0023] Further preferably, the unreacted oxygen is re-transported to the oxygen supply module to improve oxygen utilization.

[0024] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for using a slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation is provided, comprising the following steps: S1. The multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material in the storage tank and the water in the water tank are transported to the reactor at a set feed rate ratio, and the water is heated to a set temperature under the action of a heater; S2. Adjust the pressure, purify the hydrogen generated by the reactor through a membrane separator, and then transport it to a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank for storage, and use gas chromatography to detect the purity of the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank; S3, when supplying power, the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank is sequentially transported to the anode area of ​​the fuel cell under the control of the first pressure reducing valve and the pressure sensor, and the oxygen is transported to the cathode area by the oxygen storage tank; the fuel cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy based on the redox reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to supply power to the load; the unreacted hydrogen in the anode area is collected and transported to the membrane separator for purification under the control of the second pressure reducing valve to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen; S4. The reaction products generated in the cathode area of ​​the fuel cell are separated into water and unreacted oxygen by a gas-water separator. The water is condensed by a condenser and then flows back to the water tank under the control of a flow regulating valve and a flow meter to be recycled as a hydrogen production raw material.

[0025] Based on the above technical solutions, the design concept and principle of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material (CN118495469A) developed by the inventor in the early stage to produce hydrogen. Since this slurry liquid can react with water to achieve rapid hydrogen production, and in the process of converting chemical energy into electrical energy in the hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen is oxidized into hydrogen ions in the anode area, enters the cathode area through the proton exchange membrane, and reacts with oxygen at the cathode catalyst layer to generate water and flow out. Therefore, water is both a reactant in the hydrogen production reaction and a product of the hydrogen fuel cell. The reactions involved in the above process are as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Based on this, under the process flow of the system of the present invention, water resources can be fully utilized, and there is no need to design a drainage device to prevent flooding from reducing the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell, which reduces the design cost of the system, improves the integration of the system, and provides design ideas for the development of future portable hydrogen fuel cell energy supply systems. At the same time, in principle, this system directly converts the chemical energy of slurry liquid and water into the chemical energy of hydrogen, and most of the hydrogen atoms in hydrogen are finally reused as reactant water. No external electrolysis technology is required, which reduces the steps of energy transfer, saves more electricity and costs, and further improves the utilization rate of hydrogen atoms, thereby achieving the goal of energy saving and environmental protection. The present invention effectively improves the volume-to-power ratio of the entire system and further improves the system integration. At the same time, the application scenarios of the system are broader, and there is no need to find a specific drainage location, which provides design ideas for the development of new portable hydrogen fuel cell energy supply systems in the future.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The present invention provides a slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation. The system is designed in combination with the characteristics of multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production materials, reduces the steps of energy transfer, realizes the recycling of water resources, and has high energy and raw material utilization.

[0029] The present invention provides a method for using a slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation, which does not require finding a specific drainage location, has a wide range of application scenarios, and has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation; Figure 2 It is a relationship diagram of hydrogen production rate under different feed rate ratios of water and multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production materials; Figure 3 It is a temperature variation diagram of the reaction zone under different feed rate ratios of water and multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production materials; Figure 4 It is the relationship diagram of hydrogen production rate under different pressures; In the figure, 1: storage tank; 2: reactor; 3: membrane separator; 4: heater; 5: water tank; 6: flow meter; 7: flow regulating valve; 8: condenser; 9: gas-water separator; 10: oxygen storage tank; 11: fuel cell; 12: cathode area, 13: electrolyte area; 14: anode area; 15: pressure sensor; 16: first pressure reducing valve; 17: second pressure reducing valve; 18: low-pressure hydrogen storage tank; 19: load; 20: gas chromatograph. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples. The experimental methods in the following examples without specifying specific conditions are carried out according to conventional methods and conditions, or selected according to the product specifications.

[0032] Example 1 The structure of the slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a hydrogen supply module, an oxygen supply module, a fuel cell module, and a water circulation module. The method of using the power generation system is as follows: S1, multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material, and water are stored in the storage tank 1 and the water tank 5 respectively; when producing hydrogen, the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material enters the reactor 2 through the feed pipe, and the water in the water tank 5 is heated to 120°C by the heater 4 in the water supply pipeline and then enters the reactor 2 after being gasified; in this process, the feed rate ratio of the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water is controlled to be 1:3; S2, adjusting the pressure of the reactor 2 to 0.15 MPa, the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water react in the reactor 2 under the catalysis of the Pd-based catalyst and the stirring of the four-layer stirring paddle, and a large amount of low-purity hydrogen is generated in a short time, and enters the membrane separator 3 through the pipeline for separation and purification, and the separated high-purity hydrogen enters the pipeline to flow to the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 18, and the GC 20 is used to detect whether its purity meets the standard for use in the fuel cell 11; S3, when supplying power, the hydrogen that meets the standards flows to the anode region 14 of the fuel cell 11 through the pipeline and under the regulation of the first pressure reducing valve 16 and the pressure sensor 15, and the oxygen is transported to the cathode region 12 by the oxygen storage tank; the hydrogen that enters the anode region 14 enters the gas diffusion layer and diffuses to the anode catalyst layer, and the hydrogen is catalytically decomposed into hydrogen ions and electrons, and the hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane and enter the cathode region 12, and the accumulated electrons flow to the cathode through the external circuit; the oxygen that enters the cathode region 12 enters the gas diffusion layer, and the electrons that flow from the anode to the cathode diffuse to the diffusion layer and the cathode catalyst layer, and the electrons react with the oxygen in the diffusion layer and the hydrogen ions diffused through the proton exchange membrane at the cathode catalyst layer to generate water and flow out; chemical energy is converted into electrical energy through the above reaction to supply power to the load 19; the excess hydrogen in the anode region 14 enters the membrane separator 3 through the pipeline for recovery, separation, and purification, and the purified hydrogen flows back to the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 18 under the regulation of the second pressure reducing valve 17; S4. The product water and surplus oxygen in the cathode area 12 of the fuel cell 11 enter the gas-water separator 9, and the separated oxygen enters the oxygen storage tank 10 through the pipeline; the separated water is condensed by the condenser 8, the flow regulating valve 7 and the flow meter 6 and enters the water tank 5 as a raw material for hydrogen production, thereby realizing water recycling.

[0033] Example 2 This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that this embodiment studies the effect of different feed rates (1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12) of the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water on the hydrogen production rate in step S1. Combined with the hydrogen production rate of embodiment 1, the relationship between the hydrogen production rates under different feed rate ratios of water and multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material is as follows: Figure 2 The temperature variation diagram under different feed rate ratios of water and multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production materials is shown in Figure 3 shown.

[0034] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that when the feed ratio of slurry liquid to water is 1:7, more hydrogen is produced, and more hydrogen enters the anode area of ​​the fuel cell to participate in the oxidation reaction. The fuel cell converts more chemical energy into electrical energy, the electrical energy is accelerated, more product water is produced, the water cycle is accelerated, and the water utilization rate is higher. This is because water is a reactant in the hydrogen production reaction. Increasing the input of water means increasing more reactant molecules and increasing more collision opportunities with the slurry liquid, thereby further accelerating the hydrogen production reaction rate; at the same time, the reaction between water and slurry liquid is an exothermic reaction. Increasing the amount of water will promote more heat release and the reaction rate will also be accelerated. However, when the feed ratio of slurry liquid to water is 1:10, excessive water input will carry some heat, which is not conducive to the increase of hydrogen production rate.

[0035] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that when the feed ratio of slurry liquid to water is 1:7, the temperature of the reaction zone is the highest, which is conducive to the hydrogen production reaction, and further explains that the hydrogen supply is the largest under this feed ratio. As the amount of water continues to increase, the water carries more heat, causing the temperature to drop, the hydrogen production rate to decrease, and temperature imbalance. Example 3 This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, and the power supply is provided by continuous feeding for 60 minutes to observe the use and stability of the power generation system.

[0036] In the continuous operation mode, the power generation system of the present invention quickly produces more hydrogen, providing more reaction raw materials for the fuel cell. The cathode product water is also efficiently recycled without flooding, achieving continuous high-power power supply, and the fuel cell can reach kilowatt-level power supply.

[0037] Example 4 This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that in step S1, the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water are fed at a preferred feed rate of 1:7; in step S2, the pressure is adjusted to 0.15 MPa, 0.30 MPa, and 0.45 MPa, respectively, and the change of hydrogen production rate over time under different pressure conditions is statistically analyzed. The results are as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0038] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that under high pressure conditions, the hydrogen production rate is significantly reduced, and the stability of hydrogen production decreases, with serious fluctuations, which inhibits the stability of hydrogen supply, reduces the amount of hydrogen participating in the oxidation reaction in the anode area of ​​the fuel cell, and reduces the power supply performance of the fuel cell. Excessive pressure is not conducive to the hydrogen production reaction, thereby limiting the power supply of the fuel cell.

[0039] In summary, for the power generation system of the present invention, the product of the hydrogen fuel cell is water, and the generated water can be used as a raw material for the hydrogen production reaction, so that water resources can be recycled and flooding will not occur, thereby improving the performance and service life of the battery, reducing the frequency of water supply, and improving energy utilization. In addition, based on this principle, the hydrogen fuel cell does not need to be equipped with an external drainage device, which effectively improves the volume-to-power ratio of the entire system and further improves the system integration. At the same time, the application scenarios of the system are broader, and there is no need to find a specific drainage location, which provides design ideas for the future development of new portable hydrogen fuel cell energy supply systems.

[0040] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation, characterized in that: The structure includes a hydrogen supply module, an oxygen supply module, a fuel cell module, and a water circulation module; the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen production system, a purification system, a hydrogen storage system, and a hydrogen supply system; in the hydrogen production system, water and a multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material react under reaction conditions to generate hydrogen, which is purified by a purification system and stored in a hydrogen storage system, and is supplied to the fuel cell module by a hydrogen supply system; the fuel cell module utilizes the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply system and the oxygen supplied by the oxygen supply module to generate water through an oxidation-reduction reaction, and converts chemical energy into electrical energy for power supply; the water circulation module includes a product separation system and a water supply system; The product separation system recycles the water generated by the fuel cell module and transports it to the hydrogen supply module via the water supply system to be used as a raw material for circulating hydrogen production; materials are transported between modules and their internal systems through pipelines.

2. The slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydrogen production system comprises a material storage tank (1), a reactor (2), a heater (4), and a water tank (5); the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water are respectively stored in the material storage tank (1) and the water tank (5), and are transported to the reactor (2) during the reaction; the water is heated by the heater (4) to reach the temperature required for the reaction; the purification system comprises a membrane separator (3), and the hydrogen storage system comprises a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (18) and a gas chromatograph (20); the hydrogen generated by the reactor (2) is purified by the membrane separator (3) and transported to the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (18) for storage, and the purity of the hydrogen is detected by the gas chromatograph (20); the hydrogen supply system comprises a pressure sensor (15) and a first pressure reducing valve (16); during the hydrogen supply, the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (18) is sequentially transported to the fuel cell module under the control of the first pressure reducing valve (16) and the pressure sensor (15).

3. The slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The feed rate ratio of the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water is 1:3-10.

4. The slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reactor (2) is provided with a stirring paddle; the reactor (2) is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure regulator, and the pressure regulator regulates the pressure in the range of 0.10-0.50 MPa; a catalyst is added to the reactor (2), and the amount of the catalyst is 3% of the weight of the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material, and the catalyst includes a Pt-based catalyst or a Pd-based catalyst.

5. The slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating temperature of the heater (4) is 100-180°C.

6. The slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oxygen supply module comprises an oxygen storage tank (10); when supplying oxygen, oxygen is transported to the fuel cell module.

7. The slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fuel cell module comprises a fuel cell (11) and a load (19); the fuel cell (11) comprises an anode region (14), an electrolyte region (13), and a cathode region (12); oxygen is transported to the cathode region (12), and hydrogen is transported to the anode region (14); hydrogen and oxygen undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction to generate water, and chemical energy is converted into electrical energy to supply power to the electrical load (19); unreacted hydrogen in the anode region (14) is recovered and transported to a purification system for purification under the control of a second pressure reducing valve (17).

8. The slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The electrolyte region (13) comprises a catalytic layer, a diffusion layer, and a proton exchange membrane.

9. The slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water circulation module comprises a flow meter (6), a flow regulating valve (7), a condenser (8), and a gas-water separator (9); the gas-water separator (9) separates water and unreacted oxygen generated by the fuel cell module, and then the water is sequentially transported to the hydrogen production system under the control of the condenser (8), the flow regulating valve (7), and the flow meter (6) to participate in hydrogen production as a raw material circulation; the unreacted oxygen is transported back to the oxygen supply module.

10. A method for using a slurry hydrogen storage and production fuel cell power generation system based on fuel cell product water circulation, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, transporting the multi-media composite slurry hydrogen storage and production material in the storage tank (1) and the water in the water tank (5) to the reactor (2) at a set feed rate ratio, and heating the water to a set temperature under the action of the heater (4); S2, adjusting the pressure, the hydrogen generated by the reactor (2) is purified by the membrane separator (3), and then transported to the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (18) for storage, and the purity of the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (18) is detected by gas chromatography (20); S3, when supplying power, the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (18) is sequentially transported to the anode region (14) of the fuel cell (11) under the control of the first pressure reducing valve (16) and the pressure sensor (15), and the oxygen is transported from the oxygen storage tank (10) to the cathode region (12); the fuel cell (11) converts chemical energy into electrical energy based on the redox reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to supply power to the load (19); the unreacted hydrogen in the anode region (14) is collected and transported to the membrane separator (3) for purification under the control of the second pressure reducing valve (17), thereby improving the utilization rate of hydrogen; S4. The reaction product generated in the cathode region (12) of the fuel cell (11) is separated into water and unreacted oxygen by a gas-water separator (9). The water is condensed by a condenser (8) and then refluxed to the water tank (5) under the control of a flow control valve (7) and a flow meter (6) to be recycled as a raw material for hydrogen production.

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