Battery formation method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery formation method and device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: determining a binding force target range and a negative pressure value target range according to an experiment result corresponding to a first battery; selecting a first restraining force in the restraining force target range, and selecting a first negative pressure value in the negative pressure value target range; under the condition of first restraining force and the first negative pressure value, charging a target battery for the first time at a first current value; the target battery is charged for the second time with a second current value, and in the charging process, within the target restraint force range and the target negative pressure value range, the restraint force borne by the target battery and the negative pressure in the target battery are dynamically switched according to the gradient; and charging and discharging the target battery under the condition of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value. The residual gas in the battery in the formation process is reduced through gradient dynamic switching, so that the black spot phenomenon of a negative electrode interface is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery formation method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries have the advantages of high voltage, high specific energy, long charge and discharge life, safety and environmental protection, etc., so they are widely used in various electronic products (such as mobile phones, digital cameras, laptops, power tools), portable small appliances, electric vehicles and energy storage systems. The preparation process of lithium batteries is complicated, including stirring, coating, drying, bare cell preparation, packaging and formation, among which the formation process is an indispensable process in the preparation process of lithium batteries, which plays a vital role in the performance of lithium batteries.

[0003] At present, the formation process of lithium batteries is to encapsulate the bare battery cell into a shell, then inject a certain amount of electrolyte, and then form it after a period of static. However, this formation process is complicated, there are many factors that need to be controlled, and the entire formation process requires a lot of time and operators, which wastes a lot of cost and process time. Especially for power lithium batteries, the interface of power lithium batteries after formation is not good, and many black spots are prone to appear. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery formation method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium, which can reduce the number of black spots appearing on the negative electrode interface after battery formation.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses a battery formation method, the method comprising: determining a target range of restraint force and a target range of negative pressure value according to experimental results corresponding to a first battery;

[0006] Selecting a first restraining force within the restraining force target range, and selecting a first negative pressure value within the negative pressure value target range;

[0007] Under the conditions of the first restraining force and the first negative pressure value, charging the target battery for the first time with a first current value; the rated capacity of the target battery and the first battery is the same;

[0008] The target battery is charged for a second time with a second current value, and during the charging process, the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery are dynamically switched according to a gradient within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range; the second current value is greater than the first current value;

[0009] The target battery is charged and discharged under the conditions of a second restraining force and a second negative pressure value; the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value are the restraining force and the negative pressure value at the end of the second charging.

[0010] Optionally, charging and discharging the target battery under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value includes:

[0011] Under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value, charging the target battery for a third time with a third current value; the third current value is greater than the second current value;

[0012] After the third charging is completed, the target battery is cyclically charged and discharged under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value, and the charge state of the target battery is controlled within a preset range.

[0013] Optionally, determining the target range of the restraint force and the target range of the negative pressure value according to the experimental result corresponding to the first battery includes:

[0014] Forming the first battery under different restraining force and negative pressure conditions, and recording the liquid loss of the first battery under each set of restraining force and negative pressure conditions;

[0015] According to the restraint force and negative pressure values ​​corresponding to the fluid loss volume that meets the preset conditions, the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range are determined.

[0016] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0017] Before charging the target battery for the first time, injecting an electrolyte with a first preset capacity into the target battery;

[0018] Sealing the target battery, and leaving the sealed target battery in a space at a preset temperature for a first preset time;

[0019] After charging and discharging the target battery, injecting an electrolyte having a second preset capacity into the target battery;

[0020] The target battery is sealed, and the sealed target battery is left to stand in a space at a preset temperature for a second preset time; the second preset time is greater than the first preset time.

[0021] Optionally, the preset temperature ranges from 40 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius; the first preset time ranges from 10 hours to 14 hours; and the second preset time ranges from 22 hours to 26 hours.

[0022] Optionally, the charging the target battery for a second time and, during the charging process, dynamically gradient switching the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure of the internal environment of the target battery within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range, comprises:

[0023] Determine the number of gradients for dynamic switching;

[0024] Dividing the target range of the restraining force according to the number of gradients to obtain a corresponding number of second restraining forces;

[0025] Dividing the negative pressure value target range according to the number of gradients to obtain a corresponding number of second negative pressure values;

[0026] At every preset period, the second restraining force applied to the target battery and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery are switched simultaneously.

[0027] Optionally, switching the second restraining force applied to the target battery and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery every preset period includes:

[0028] sorting the second restraining forces and the second negative pressure values;

[0029] The second restraining force is switched in ascending order, and the second negative pressure value is switched in descending order.

[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses a battery formation device, the device comprising:

[0031] Determine a target range of restraint force and a target range of negative pressure value according to the experimental results corresponding to the first battery;

[0032] Selecting a first restraining force within the restraining force target range, and selecting a first negative pressure value within the negative pressure value target range;

[0033] Under the conditions of the first restraining force and the first negative pressure value, charging the target battery for the first time with a first current value; the rated capacity of the target battery and the first battery is the same;

[0034] The target battery is charged for a second time, and during the charging process, the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure of the internal environment of the target battery are dynamically switched according to a gradient within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range;

[0035] The target battery is charged and discharged under the conditions of a second restraining force and a second negative pressure value; the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value are the restraining force and the negative pressure value at the end of the second charging.

[0036] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus; the memory is used to store executable instructions, and the executable instructions enable the processor to execute the battery formation method as described above.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the battery formation method as described above is implemented.

[0038] The embodiments of the present application include the following advantages:

[0039] According to the experimental results corresponding to the first battery, determine the target range of constraint force and the target range of negative pressure value; select the first constraint force within the target range of constraint force, and select the first negative pressure value within the target range of negative pressure value. According to the determined target range of constraint force and target range of negative pressure value, determine the optimal gas production path. Under the conditions of the first constraint force and the first negative pressure value, charge the target battery for the first time with the first current value; charge the target battery for the second time with the second current value, and during the charging process, within the target range of constraint force and the target range of negative pressure value, dynamically switch the constraint force on the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery according to the gradient; under the conditions of the second constraint force and the second negative pressure value, charge and discharge the target battery. By dynamically switching according to the gradient, the gas residual inside the battery during the formation process is reduced, thereby alleviating the black spot phenomenon at the negative electrode interface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0041] Figure 1 is a flow chart of steps of a battery formation method embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of a battery formation device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided by an example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable when appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. In the embodiments of the present invention, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0046] Method Embodiment

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , shows a flow chart of a battery formation method embodiment of the present invention, the method may specifically include the following steps:

[0048] Step S101, determining a target range of restraint force and a target range of negative pressure value according to the experimental results corresponding to the first battery.

[0049] It should be noted that battery formation refers to the process of activating the positive and negative electrode materials inside the battery through a specific charging and discharging method, thereby improving the overall performance of the battery. The battery formation method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are divided into square lithium batteries (such as commonly used mobile phone battery cells), cylindrical lithium batteries and button lithium batteries according to their appearance; and are divided into aluminum shell lithium batteries, steel shell lithium ion batteries, and soft-pack lithium batteries according to their outer packaging materials.

[0050] Among them, the first battery is an experimental battery for testing the relationship between the formation effect and the influencing factors. For example, a 173Ah square aluminum shell battery. The restraining force refers to the force used to fix and restrain the battery to prevent the battery from displacement or deformation during the battery formation process. The way to apply the restraining force to the battery can be to fix the battery by a clamping device to prevent the battery from moving horizontally or vertically during the formation process; or to apply a certain pressure on the surface of the battery to control the thickness or morphological changes of the battery; or to fix the battery on the formation equipment by a fixing fixture or other device to prevent it from falling off or being damaged during the formation process. Negative pressure refers to the pressure inside the battery being less than the atmospheric pressure during the charging or discharging process of the battery. Generally, a variety of methods can be used to make the inside of the battery reach a negative pressure state. Exemplarily, a negative pressure state is formed inside the battery by extracting the gas above the electrolyte inside the battery. Specifically, the negative pressure nozzle is aligned with the injection hole of the battery to perform a vacuum negative pressure operation on the battery.

[0051] It should be noted that when conducting experiments on the first battery, it is necessary to select a suitable experimental design method (Design of Experiment, DOE), such as a full factorial design method, and determine the value range of each input factor. Generate an experimental matrix and arrange the experimental sequence. According to the arrangement of the experimental matrix, change the value of the input factor, conduct a formation experiment on the first battery, and measure the corresponding output factor data. Sort out the sub-data collected during the experiment, use statistical software to process and analyze the experimental data, and confirm the relationship between the input factor and the output factor. Methods such as variance analysis and regression analysis can be used to reveal the interaction and influence degree between factors. According to the data analysis results, determine the best input factor value combination to optimize the battery formation process and improve battery performance. Among them, the input factor can be the formation time, the formation temperature, the restraint force applied to the first battery, and the negative pressure value inside the first battery. The output factor can be the voltage stability of the first battery, the service life of the first battery, and the amount of liquid loss of the first battery during the formation process. The amount of liquid loss refers to the amount of electrolyte or other liquid components lost in the first battery during the formation process.

[0052] Step S102: selecting a first restraining force within the restraining force target range, and selecting a first negative pressure value within the negative pressure value target range.

[0053] Among them, according to the output factor, the first restraining force is selected from the restraining force target range, and the first negative pressure value is selected from the negative pressure value target range. Specifically, when the output factor meets the preset conditions, the restraining force and negative pressure value corresponding to the output factor are determined as the first restraining force and the first negative pressure value. Exemplarily, under no restraining force and atmospheric pressure, a baseline test is performed on the first battery, and the output factors such as the capacity and internal resistance of the first battery are recorded. The restraining force on the first battery is gradually increased, and after each increase, it is stabilized for a period of time, and then the battery test is performed. The capacity and internal resistance of the first battery under different restraining forces are recorded. Under the condition of reaching the preset restraining force, the pressure of the internal environment of the first battery begins to be gradually reduced. After each pressure reduction, it is stabilized for a period of time, and then the battery test is performed. The capacity and internal resistance of the first battery under different negative pressures are recorded. During the experiment, when the capacity of the first battery reaches 1000mAh for the first time and the internal resistance is lower than 50mΩ, the restraining force applied to the first battery and the negative pressure value inside the first battery are recorded at this time.

[0054] Step S103: Under the conditions of the first restraining force and the first negative pressure value, the target battery is charged for the first time with a first current value; the rated capacity of the target battery and the first battery is the same.

[0055] It should be noted that the first charging duration is preset, and the charging method adopted when charging the target battery for the first time is constant current charging, that is, the first current value is kept unchanged during the first charging process.

[0056] Step S104, charging the target battery for a second time with a second current value, and during the charging process, dynamically switching the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery according to a gradient within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range.

[0057] The second charging duration is preset, and the charging method used for the second charging of the target battery is constant current charging. Dynamically switching the restraint force of the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery according to the gradient may include: setting a first number of gradients, dividing the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range according to the number of gradients, and obtaining a first number of restraint force intervals and a first number of negative pressure value intervals. Each restraint force interval corresponds to a restraint force, and each negative pressure value interval corresponds to a negative pressure value; the restraint force and the negative pressure value are arranged and combined. In the process of charging the target battery for the second time, a group is selected from the combination as the initial restraint force of the target battery and the initial negative pressure of the target battery. At regular intervals, the restraint force of the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery are switched according to the combination formed by the restraint force and the negative pressure value. When switching the restraint force on the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery, the two parameters can be switched at the same time, or one parameter can be switched separately, for example, keeping the restraint force on the target battery unchanged and changing the negative pressure inside the target battery; or keeping the negative pressure inside the target battery unchanged and changing the restraint force on the target battery.

[0058] Step S105, charging and discharging the target battery under the conditions of a second restraining force and a second negative pressure value; the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value are the restraining force and the negative pressure value at the end of the second charging.

[0059] Under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value, the target battery is charged and discharged according to the charge and discharge strategy. For example, a charging cycle and a stop charging cycle are set, and charging is performed in a constant current or constant voltage mode during the charging cycle, and charging is stopped during the stop charging cycle.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, a target range of restraint force and a target range of negative pressure are determined based on the experimental results corresponding to the first battery; a first restraint force is selected within the target range of restraint force, and a first negative pressure value is selected within the target range of negative pressure. The optimal gas production path is determined based on the determined target range of restraint force and target range of negative pressure. Under the conditions of the first restraint force and the first negative pressure value, the target battery is charged for the first time with a first current value; the target battery is charged for the second time with a second current value, and during the charging process, within the target range of restraint force and the target range of negative pressure value, the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery are dynamically switched according to the gradient; under the conditions of the second restraint force and the second negative pressure value, the target battery is charged and discharged. By dynamically switching according to the gradient, the gas remaining inside the battery during the formation process is reduced, thereby alleviating the black spot phenomenon at the negative electrode interface.

[0061] Optionally, charging and discharging the target battery under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value includes:

[0062] Step 11, charging the target battery for a third time at a third current value under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value; the third current value is greater than the second current value;

[0063] Step 12: After the third charging is completed, the target battery is cyclically charged and discharged under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value, and the charge state of the target battery is controlled within a preset range.

[0064] The state of charge (SoC) refers to the ratio of the remaining power of the target battery divided by the rated capacity of the target battery.

[0065] The third charging time is preset, and the charging method used for the third charging of the target battery is constant current charging. Cyclic charging and discharging refers to repeatedly charging and discharging the target battery under specific conditions, simulating the charging and discharging behavior of the battery in actual use through cyclic charging and discharging.

[0066] According to the type of target battery, application requirements and test purpose, set a suitable SoC range. During the cyclic charging and discharging process, the SoC of the target battery is maintained within a preset range by controlling the charging and discharging current, time and other parameters. Exemplarily, under the conditions of a second restraining force and a second negative pressure, the target battery is cyclically charged and discharged, and the state of charge of the target battery is maintained between 2% and 4%. In the charging stage, the battery is charged from 2% SOC to 4% SOC at a constant current; in the discharging stage, the battery is discharged from 4% SOC to 2% SOC at the same constant current, and the charging and discharging process is repeated to form a cycle.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the target battery is charged for the third time at the third current value under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value; after the third charge, the target battery is cyclically charged and discharged under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value, and the charge state of the target battery is controlled within a preset range. The stability of the target battery interface is enhanced, the side reactions inside the battery are fully generated, a stable and dense SEI film is formed, and the flatness and uniformity of the electrode interface are improved.

[0068] Optionally, determining the target range of the restraint force and the target range of the negative pressure value according to the experimental result corresponding to the first battery includes:

[0069] Step 21, forming the first battery under different restraining force and negative pressure conditions, and recording the liquid loss of the first battery under each set of restraining force and negative pressure conditions;

[0070] Step 22: Determine a target range of the restraint force and a target range of the negative pressure value according to the restraint force and the negative pressure value corresponding to the fluid loss amount that meets the preset conditions.

[0071] Before conducting a formation experiment on the first battery, first determine the range of the restraining force and negative pressure value that need to be tested. Prepare test equipment, such as a battery formation system, a restraining force applying device, a negative pressure control system, a fluid loss measuring tool, etc. Place the first battery in the battery formation system and form it according to the predetermined restraining force and negative pressure value conditions. During the formation process, monitor and record the fluid loss of the battery in real time. The fluid loss of the first battery can be achieved by measuring the change in battery weight, the change in electrolyte volume, or using a special fluid loss measuring tool. Exemplarily, before the first battery is formed, the first weight of the first battery is recorded, and after the first battery is formed under different restraining force and negative pressure values, the second weight of the first battery is recorded, and the fluid loss of the first battery is determined based on the difference between the first weight and the second weight.

[0072] Until all the predetermined restraint force and negative pressure value combinations are tested. For each set of restraint force and negative pressure value conditions, record the battery's fluid loss, formation time, battery temperature and other related parameters. Based on the recorded fluid loss data, draw a relationship diagram between the restraint force, negative pressure value and fluid loss. Analyze the data to find the range of restraint force and negative pressure values ​​corresponding to the fluid loss that meets the preset conditions. The preset conditions may include a minimum fluid loss or a specific fluid loss range. Based on the data analysis results, determine the restraint force target range and negative pressure value target range. The restraint force target range and negative pressure value target range cover the restraint force and negative pressure values ​​corresponding to the fluid loss that meets the preset conditions. The setting of the target range should take into account factors such as the actual application needs, performance requirements and safety of the battery. Within the determined restraint force target range and negative pressure value target range, select representative points for further verification testing. Based on the verification test results, make necessary adjustments and optimizations to the target range to ensure that the battery can achieve the best performance during the formation process.

[0073] Exemplarily, Minitab software is used to create a factorial design, and 2 factors are carried out, 2 factors are restraint force and negative pressure; 3 center point DOE factorial design; the restraint force range of the test is set to 50kgf to 150kgf, and the negative pressure range of the test is -5kpa to -40kpa. The restraint force range and negative pressure range are input into the factor options in Minitab software to form the experimental parameter sequence list in Table 1, where the standard sequence is the test run sequence when the test is completed in the standard sequence. The run sequence is the test run sequence when the experiment is run in a random order after randomness is introduced. According to the experimental scheme parameters in Table 1, experiments are carried out respectively, and the numerical results of each fluid loss are input; the factorial design is analyzed, and the data is analyzed to obtain the parameter configuration and parameter window when the fluid loss is minimized. The parameter refers to the parameter range, and the parameter refers to the restraint force and negative pressure.

[0074] Table 1 Experimental parameter sequence list

[0075] C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 Standard sequence Run sequence Center Point Block Binding force Negative pressure 6 1 0 1 100 -22.5 2 2 1 1 150 -40.0 5 3 0 1 100 -22.5 1 4 1 1 50 -40.0 3 5 1 1 50 -5.0 7 6 0 1 100 -22.5 4 7 1 1 150 -5.0

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the first battery is formed under different restraining force and negative pressure conditions, and the amount of fluid loss of the first battery under each set of restraining force and negative pressure conditions is recorded; the restraining force target range and the negative pressure target range are determined according to the restraining force and negative pressure values ​​corresponding to the fluid loss that meets the preset conditions. According to the fluid loss, the optimal parameter combination is determined to determine the optimal gas production path, so that the target battery can be subsequently formed based on the optimal parameter combination to reduce the amount of fluid loss during the formation process of the target battery.

[0077] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0078] Step 31, before charging the target battery for the first time, injecting an electrolyte with a first preset capacity into the target battery;

[0079] Step 32, sealing the target battery, and placing the sealed target battery in a space at a preset temperature for a first preset time;

[0080] Step 33, after charging and discharging the target battery, injecting an electrolyte of a second preset capacity into the target battery;

[0081] Step 34: seal the target battery, and place the sealed target battery in a space at a preset temperature for a second preset time; the second preset time is greater than the first preset time.

[0082] Among them, for newly manufactured batteries or batteries that have been stored for a long time, before the batteries are formed, electrolytes can be injected into the batteries to activate the chemical substances in the batteries to prepare for charging and discharging in advance.

[0083] After the first injection of the target battery is completed, the battery can be sealed with a special sealing material or sealing ring, or the target battery can be plugged with glue nails, that is, glue nails are inserted into the injection port of the target battery for sealing. The first injection refers to injecting the first preset capacity of electrolyte into the target battery. Ensure that there is no leakage at the seal, which can be detected by visual inspection or using special detection tools. Leaving the sealed target battery to stand still allows the electrolyte to fully infiltrate the inside of the battery to ensure that the electrochemical reaction can proceed smoothly.

[0084] According to the type and specification of the battery, set a suitable temperature for static placement. Generally speaking, the longer the static time, the more stable the battery performance. However, too long a static time may also cause excessive self-discharge of the battery, so it is necessary to set the static time according to the actual situation.

[0085] After reaching the first preset time, the seal of the target battery is released, and the target battery is placed in a formation environment for formation. Exemplarily, in the case where the target battery is sealed by plugging the target battery with a glue nail, after standing for the first preset time, the glue nail of the liquid injection port of the target battery is removed.

[0086] After the formation of the target battery is completed, it is necessary to replenish the target battery with electrolyte, inject the target battery for the second time, seal the target battery after the second injection, and let the sealed target battery stand in a space at a preset temperature for a second preset time. After the second injection is completed, the preset temperature of the space where the target battery is standing is the same as the preset temperature of the space where the target battery is standing after the first injection is completed. The second injection refers to injecting the second preset capacity of electrolyte into the target battery.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, before charging the target battery for the first time, the target battery is injected with a first preset capacity of electrolyte; the target battery is sealed, and the sealed target battery is left to stand in a space at a preset temperature for a first preset time; after charging and discharging the target battery, the target battery is injected with a second preset capacity of electrolyte; the target battery is sealed, and the sealed target battery is left to stand in a space at a preset temperature for a second preset time. By injecting electrolyte into the target battery, activating the chemical substances in the target battery, and sealing the injected target battery and placing it in a high-temperature room, the electrolyte in the target battery can be fully infiltrated.

[0088] Optionally, the preset temperature ranges from 40 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius; the first preset time ranges from 10 hours to 14 hours; and the second preset time ranges from 22 hours to 26 hours.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, before the target battery is formed, the target battery is injected with a first preset capacity of electrolyte. The target battery after the injection is plugged with glue nails, and the target battery after the plugging with glue nails is placed in a high temperature room with a humidity of <1% for 10 to 14 hours. The temperature range of the high temperature room is 40 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius.

[0090] After the formation of the target battery is completed, the target battery is replenished with electrolyte of the second preset capacity. The target battery after the replenishment is plugged with glue nails, and the target battery after the plugging of glue nails is placed in a high temperature room with a humidity of <1% for 22 to 26 hours. The temperature range of the high temperature room is 40 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the target battery after the first injection is placed in a high temperature room at 40 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius for a preset period of time so that the electrolyte in the target battery is fully infiltrated; and after the formation is completed, the target battery is supplemented with electrolyte.

[0092] Optionally, the charging the target battery for a second time and, during the charging process, dynamically gradient switching the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure of the internal environment of the target battery within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range, comprises:

[0093] Step 41, determining the number of gradients for dynamic switching;

[0094] Step 42: Divide the target range of the restraining force according to the number of gradients to obtain a corresponding number of second restraining forces;

[0095] Step 43: Divide the negative pressure value target range according to the number of gradients to obtain a corresponding number of second negative pressure values;

[0096] Step 44: Every preset period, simultaneously switch the second restraining force applied to the target battery and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery.

[0097] According to the determined number of gradients, the target range of the restraining force is divided into a corresponding number of intervals. Each interval corresponds to a second restraining force value. Similarly, the target range of the negative pressure value is divided into intervals corresponding to the number of gradients. Exemplarily, the target range of the restraining force is 50kgf to 120kgf, divided into 5 gradients, each gradient is 14kgf, and the corresponding five intervals are 50kgf to 64kgf, 64kgf to 78kgf, 78kgf to 92kgf, 92kgf to 106kgf, and 106kgf to 120kgf. The target range of the negative pressure value is -5kpa to -30kpa, divided into 5 gradients, each gradient is 5kpa, and the corresponding five intervals are -5kpa to -10kpa, -10kpa to -15kpa, -15kpa to -20kpa, -20kpa to -25kpa, and -25kpa to -30kpa.

[0098] Determine a preset cycle, which can be a pre-set fixed time interval or a trigger based on an event (such as the battery temperature reaching a certain threshold). At the end of each preset cycle, the restraint force on the target battery and the negative pressure value inside the target battery are switched at the same time. According to the preset gradient sequence, the restraint force and negative pressure value are switched cyclically until the formation process is completed.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of gradients to be dynamically switched is determined; according to the number of gradients, the target range of the restraining force is divided to obtain a corresponding number of second restraining forces; according to the number of gradients, the target range of the negative pressure value is divided to obtain a corresponding number of second negative pressure values; every preset period, the second restraining force on the target battery and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery are switched simultaneously. By switching the second restraining force on the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery simultaneously, the residual gas in the target battery is reduced and the interface is kept stable and uniform.

[0100] Optionally, switching the second restraining force applied to the target battery and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery every preset period includes:

[0101] Step 51, sorting the second restraining forces and the second negative pressure values;

[0102] Step 52: switch the second restraining force in ascending order, and switch the second negative pressure value in descending order.

[0103] For example, the target range of the restraining force is 0-10 N. According to the requirements of the three gradients, this range can be evenly divided into three intervals, as shown in Table 2:

[0104] Table 2: Three restraining force intervals and the second restraining force

[0105] gradient Binding force range The second binding force 1 0 to 3.3 3.3 2 3.3 to 6.7 6.7 3 6.7 to 10 10

[0106] The negative pressure target range is 0kPa to -10kPa. Similarly, the negative pressure target range is evenly divided into 3 intervals, as shown in Table 3:

[0107] Table 3: Three negative pressure ranges and the second negative pressure value

[0108] gradient Negative pressure range The second negative pressure value 1 0 to -3.3 -3.3 2 -3.3 to -6.7 -6.7 3 -6.7 to -10 -10

[0109] The combination of restraint force and negative pressure value is set to switch every preset period. At the beginning of the experiment, the second restraint force on the target battery is 3.3N, and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery is -3.3kPa. After the preset period, switch to the second gradient, that is, the restraint force becomes 6.7N, and the negative pressure value becomes -6.7kPa. After another 24 hours, switch to the third gradient, that is, the restraint force becomes 10N, and the negative pressure value becomes -10kPa. After that, the experiment can periodically switch between these three gradients.

[0110] It should be noted that the switching cycle can be set according to the second charging duration so that the duration obtained by multiplying the switching cycle by the number of cycles is less than the second charging duration. In the case where the duration obtained by multiplying the switching cycle by the number of cycles is less than the second charging duration, each gradient will be switched at most once during the second charging process, and some gradients will not be switched to. For example, for example, the second charging duration is 20 minutes, the gradient is set to 5, and there are 5 groups of parameters, the parameters refer to the second restraint force and the second negative pressure value, the switching frequency is set to 1 time / 5min, that is, the preset cycle is 5min, and each group of parameters will be switched once during the second charging process; the switching frequency is set to 1 time / 6min, that is, the preset cycle is 6min, and only 4 groups of parameters can be switched during the second charging process, and the final time period is 2 minutes, which is less than the preset cycle.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present application, a method for dynamically switching the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value is provided, and each second restraining force and each second negative pressure value is sorted; the second restraining force is switched in ascending order, and the second negative pressure value is switched in descending order, so as to reduce the residual gas in the target battery and improve the stability and uniformity of the interface.

[0112] In summary, the battery formation method provided in the embodiment of the present application can determine the target range of constraint force and the target range of negative pressure value according to the experimental results corresponding to the first battery, and according to the constraint force and negative pressure of the first battery when the amount of fluid loss meets the preset conditions. According to the determined target range of constraint force and target range of negative pressure value, the optimal gas production path is determined. The first constraint force is selected within the target range of constraint force, and the first negative pressure value is selected within the target range of negative pressure value to determine the optimal parameter combination. Under the conditions of the first constraint force and the first negative pressure value, the target battery is charged for the first time with the first current value; the target battery is charged for the second time with the second current value, and during the charging process, within the target range of constraint force and the target range of negative pressure value, the constraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery are dynamically switched according to the gradient; under the conditions of the second constraint force and the second negative pressure value, the target battery is charged and discharged. By dynamically switching according to the gradient, the gas remaining inside the battery during the formation process is reduced, thereby alleviating the black spot phenomenon at the negative electrode interface.

[0113] Device Embodiment

[0114] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A logic block diagram of a battery formation device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, and the device may include:

[0115] A determination module 210, configured to determine a target range of a restraining force and a target range of a negative pressure value according to an experimental result corresponding to the first battery;

[0116] A selection module 220, configured to select a first restraining force within the restraining force target range, and select a first negative pressure value within the negative pressure value target range;

[0117] a first charging module 230, configured to charge a target battery for the first time at a first current value under the conditions of the first restraining force and the first negative pressure value; the target battery and the first battery have the same rated capacity;

[0118] A second charging module 240 is used to charge the target battery for a second time with a second current value, and during the charging process, dynamically switch the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery according to a gradient within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range; the second current value is greater than the first current value;

[0119] The charging and discharging module 250 is used to charge and discharge the target battery under the conditions of a second restraining force and a second negative pressure value; the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value are the restraining force and negative pressure values ​​at the end of the second charging.

[0120] Optionally, the charging and discharging module comprises:

[0121] A third charging module is used to charge the target battery for a third time with a third current value under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value.

[0122] The charging and discharging submodule is used to cyclically charge and discharge the target battery under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value after the third charging is completed, and control the charge state of the target battery within a preset range.

[0123] Optionally, the determining module includes:

[0124] A recording module, used for forming the first battery under different restraining force and negative pressure conditions, and recording the liquid loss of the first battery under each set of restraining force and negative pressure conditions;

[0125] The first determination submodule is used to determine a target range of the restraint force and a target range of the negative pressure value according to the restraint force and the negative pressure value corresponding to the amount of fluid loss that meets the preset conditions.

[0126] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0127] a first injection module, configured to inject an electrolyte of a first preset capacity into the target battery before charging the target battery for the first time;

[0128] A first static module, used for sealing the target battery and placing the sealed target battery in a space at a preset temperature for a first preset time;

[0129] a second injection module, configured to inject an electrolyte of a second preset capacity into the target battery after charging and discharging the target battery;

[0130] The second standing module is used to seal the target battery and stand the sealed target battery in a space at a preset temperature for a second preset time; the second preset time is greater than the first preset time.

[0131] Optionally, the preset temperature ranges from 40 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius; the first preset time ranges from 10 hours to 14 hours; and the second preset time ranges from 22 hours to 26 hours.

[0132] Optionally, the second charging module includes:

[0133] The second determination submodule is used to determine the number of gradients to be dynamically switched;

[0134] A first division module, used for dividing the target range of the restraining force according to the number of gradients to obtain a corresponding number of second restraining forces;

[0135] A second division module, used for dividing the negative pressure value target range according to the number of gradients to obtain a corresponding number of second negative pressure values;

[0136] The switching module is used to simultaneously switch the second restraining force applied to the target battery and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery every preset period.

[0137] Optionally, the switching module includes:

[0138] A sorting module, used for sorting the second restraining forces and the second negative pressure values;

[0139] The switching submodule is used to switch the second restraining force in ascending order and switch the second negative pressure value in descending order.

[0140] In summary, the battery formation device provided in the present application can determine the target range of constraint force and the target range of negative pressure value according to the experimental results corresponding to the first battery, and according to the constraint force and negative pressure of the first battery when the amount of fluid loss meets the preset conditions. According to the determined target range of constraint force and target range of negative pressure value, the optimal gas production path is determined. The first constraint force is selected within the target range of constraint force, and the first negative pressure value is selected within the target range of negative pressure value to determine the optimal parameter combination. Under the conditions of the first constraint force and the first negative pressure value, the target battery is charged for the first time with the first current value; the target battery is charged for the second time with the second current value, and during the charging process, within the target range of constraint force and the target range of negative pressure value, the constraint force exerted on the target battery and the negative pressure inside the target battery are dynamically switched according to the gradient; under the conditions of the second constraint force and the second negative pressure value, the target battery is charged and discharged. By dynamically switching according to the gradient, the gas remaining inside the battery during the formation process is reduced, thereby reducing the black spot phenomenon at the negative electrode interface.

[0141] The battery formation device in the embodiment of the present application can be an electronic device, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal, or other devices other than a terminal. Exemplary, the electronic device can be a GPU BOX, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a vehicle-mounted electronic device, a mobile Internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) / virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) equipment, a robot, a wearable device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobilepersonal computer, UMPC), a netbook or a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), etc., and can also be a server, a network attached storage (Network Attached Storage, NAS), a personal computer (personal computer, PC), a television (television, TV), a teller machine or a self-service machine, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not specifically limited.

[0142] The battery formation device provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve Figure 1 To avoid repetition, the various processes implemented by the method embodiment are not described here.

[0143] Alternatively, if Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the various steps of the above-mentioned battery formation method embodiment are implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0144] In an embodiment of the present application, the memory may be used to store software programs and various data. The memory may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, an application program or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or the memory may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0145] The processor may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understandable that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor.

[0146] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, each process of the above-mentioned battery formation method embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0147] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0148] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which is stored in a storage medium. The program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the battery formation method embodiment as described above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0149] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0150] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the relevant technology, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, a disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0151] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery formation method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determine a target range of restraint force and a target range of negative pressure value according to the experimental results corresponding to the first battery; Selecting a first restraining force within the restraining force target range, and selecting a first negative pressure value within the negative pressure value target range; Under the conditions of the first restraining force and the first negative pressure value, charging the target battery for the first time with a first current value; the rated capacity of the target battery and the first battery is the same; The target battery is charged for a second time with a second current value, and during the charging process, the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure of the internal environment of the target battery are dynamically switched according to a gradient within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range; the second current value is greater than the first current value; The target battery is charged and discharged under the conditions of a second restraining force and a second negative pressure value; the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value are the restraining force and the negative pressure value at the end of the second charging.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging of the target battery under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value includes: Under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value, charging the target battery for a third time with a third current value; the third current value is greater than the second current value; After the third charging is completed, the target battery is cyclically charged and discharged under the conditions of the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value, and the charge state of the target battery is controlled within a preset range.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the target range of the restraint force and the target range of the negative pressure value according to the experimental results corresponding to the first battery includes: Forming the first battery under different restraining force and negative pressure conditions, and recording the liquid loss of the first battery under each set of restraining force and negative pressure conditions; According to the restraint force and negative pressure values ​​corresponding to the fluid loss volume that meets the preset conditions, the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range are determined.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Before charging the target battery for the first time, injecting an electrolyte with a first preset capacity into the target battery; Sealing the target battery, and leaving the sealed target battery in a space at a preset temperature for a first preset time; After charging and discharging the target battery, injecting an electrolyte having a second preset capacity into the target battery; The target battery is sealed, and the sealed target battery is left to stand in a space at a preset temperature for a second preset time; the second preset time is greater than the first preset time.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The preset temperature ranges from 40 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius; the first preset time ranges from 10 hours to 14 hours; and the second preset time ranges from 22 hours to 26 hours.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The second charging of the target battery and the dynamic gradient switching of the restraint force of the target battery and the negative pressure of the internal environment of the target battery within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range during the charging process include: Determine the number of gradients for dynamic switching; Dividing the target range of the restraining force according to the number of gradients to obtain a corresponding number of second restraining forces; Dividing the negative pressure value target range according to the number of gradients to obtain a corresponding number of second negative pressure values; At every preset period, the second restraining force applied to the target battery and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery are switched simultaneously.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The switching of the second restraining force on the target battery and the second negative pressure value of the internal environment of the target battery at every preset period includes: sorting the second restraining forces and the second negative pressure values; The second restraining force is switched in ascending order, and the second negative pressure value is switched in descending order.

8. A battery formation device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A determination module, used to determine a target range of a restraining force and a target range of a negative pressure value according to an experimental result corresponding to the first battery; A selection module, configured to select a first restraining force within the restraining force target range, and select a first negative pressure value within the negative pressure value target range; a first charging module, used for charging a target battery for the first time with a first current value under the conditions of the first restraining force and the first negative pressure value; the target battery and the first battery have the same rated capacity; A second charging module, used for charging the target battery for the second time, and in the charging process, dynamically switching the restraint force applied to the target battery and the negative pressure of the internal environment of the target battery according to a gradient within the restraint force target range and the negative pressure value target range; The charging and discharging module is used to charge and discharge the target battery under the conditions of a second restraining force and a second negative pressure value; the second restraining force and the second negative pressure value are the restraining force and negative pressure values ​​at the end of the second charging.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, and the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; The memory is used to store executable instructions, and the executable instructions enable the processor to execute the battery formation method as described in any one of 1 to 7.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the battery formation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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