A cascade control method for secondary battery power supply

Abstract

The present invention provides a cascade control method for a second-hand battery power supply. By performing comprehensive parameter detection and scientific classification on the second-hand batteries, the real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism is closely combined with a graded compensation strategy, so that the control system can timely and accurately adjust the operating state of the battery system, effectively ensuring the stable operation of the system under different working conditions, greatly improving the reliability and safety of the system, and when performing graded compensation, internal resistance difference compensation and capacity difference compensation are given priority, then capacity difference compensation is performed, and finally self-discharge rate difference compensation is performed, which not only improves the difference compensation efficiency, but also improves the performance and reliability of the second-hand battery power supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery power control, and in particular to a method for performing efficient and precise cascade control on a power system composed of cascade batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industries such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems, a large number of power batteries still retain a certain amount of residual capacity and performance after completing their initial application life cycle. These retired power batteries can be used in scenarios with relatively low battery performance requirements through cascade utilization, such as distributed energy storage, low-speed electric vehicles, etc. However, due to their wide sources and poor consistency of battery cells, cascade batteries face many challenges when they are used to form power systems and are used in cascade.

[0003] The internal resistance, capacity, voltage, self-discharge rate and other parameters of different second-life batteries often vary greatly. It is difficult to ensure the balance of each battery module during the charging and discharging process using conventional control methods, and it is easy to have problems such as overcharging, over-discharging, and unbalanced charging and discharging, which will not only reduce the overall performance and service life of the battery pack, but may also cause safety hazards. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative cascade control method that can effectively cope with the characteristics of second-life batteries to ensure the stable, efficient and safe operation of the second-life battery power system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a cascade control method for a second-life battery power supply, which overcomes various problems in the prior art caused by differences in second-life battery cells by performing comprehensive parameter detection, scientific classification, precise cascade control, and perfect inconsistency management on the second-life batteries, and significantly improves the performance, safety, and service life of the second-life battery power supply system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cascade control method for a secondary battery power supply, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, perform comprehensive parameter detection on each battery cell constituting the secondary battery power source, including but not limited to open circuit voltage, internal resistance, capacity, charge and discharge curves, and classify the battery cells using a cluster analysis algorithm based on the detected parameters;

[0007] S2, according to the classification results, similar battery cells are combined into different battery modules, the battery cells in each battery module are connected through a balancing circuit, and these battery modules are cascaded to form a cascade battery power system;

[0008] S3, during the operation of the cascade battery power system, the key operating parameters of the battery, such as voltage, resistance, current, capacity, self-discharge, temperature, etc., are monitored in real time through sensors installed on each battery cell and battery module, and the monitored parameters are fed back to the control system in real time;

[0009] S4, based on the feedback information from real-time monitoring, the control system conducts a comprehensive and in-depth quantitative analysis of the parameter differences between each battery cell, and calculates in detail the difference between the internal resistance, capacity, voltage, and self-discharge rate parameters of each battery cell and the average parameters of the same category of battery cells, as well as the difference with the average parameters of all battery cells in the entire cascade battery power system, to form a detailed and accurate parameter difference report. Based on the results of the quantitative analysis of parameter differences, the control system performs inconsistency compensation strategies for internal resistance difference compensation, capacity difference compensation, voltage difference compensation, and self-discharge rate difference compensation.

[0010] Furthermore, the inconsistency compensation strategy prioritizes internal resistance difference compensation and capacity difference compensation, then performs capacity difference compensation, and finally performs self-discharge rate difference compensation.

[0011] Furthermore, the cluster analysis algorithm may be one or more of a K-Means algorithm, a K-Medoids algorithm, an agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm, a divisive hierarchical clustering algorithm, and a Gaussian mixture model.

[0012] Furthermore, the balancing circuit is an active balancing circuit, including but not limited to one or more of an inductive balancing circuit and a capacitive balancing circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensor is connected to the control system via wired or wireless communication. The wired communication method includes but is not limited to CAN bus, and the wireless communication method includes but is not limited to ZigBee.

[0014] Furthermore, the voltage difference compensation strategy is that when the voltage of a battery cell in the module is higher than the average voltage of other cells by more than a certain threshold, if the battery module where the cell is located adopts an inductive balancing circuit, by adjusting the parameters such as the on-off time, current size and inductance value of the inductor, its voltage is adjusted to a level close to the average voltage of battery cells of the same category; if the battery module where the cell is located adopts a capacitive balancing circuit, by adjusting the parameters such as the charging and discharging time and capacitance value of the capacitor, its voltage is adjusted to a level close to the average voltage of battery cells of the same category.

[0015] Furthermore, the internal resistance difference compensation strategy is that, for battery cells with large internal resistance differences, during the charging and discharging process, if the battery module where the cell is located adopts an inductive balancing circuit, the inductance value in the inductive balancing circuit is appropriately increased, and the on-off time and current size of the inductance are finely adjusted to effectively reduce current fluctuations, thereby compensating for the impact caused by the internal resistance difference, so that the current distribution of each battery cell during the charging and discharging process is more reasonable; if a capacitive balancing circuit is adopted, the capacitance value in the capacitive balancing circuit is appropriately adjusted, and the charging and discharging time of the capacitor is reasonably adjusted to optimize the current distribution and compensate for the impact caused by the internal resistance difference.

[0016] Furthermore, the capacity difference compensation strategy is that, for battery cells with large capacity differences, different charge and discharge rates are adopted during charging and discharging according to the proportional relationship between their remaining capacity and the average remaining capacity of battery cells of the same category. If the remaining capacity of the cell is C1 and the average remaining capacity of battery cells of the same category is C_avg, when C1 / C_avg<0.7, a charging rate of 0.5C is adopted for charging to avoid overcharging; during discharging, the discharge current is reasonably adjusted according to the proportion of its remaining capacity to the remaining capacity of the entire battery pack. If the remaining capacity of the battery pack is C_total and the remaining capacity of the cell is C1, when C1 / C_total<0.1, the discharge current can be reduced to 50% of the original discharge current to ensure that its discharge process in the entire system is relatively balanced.

[0017] Furthermore, the self-discharge rate difference strategy is that, for battery cells with large differences in self-discharge rates, during the charging process, the charging time or charging current can be appropriately increased to compensate for the power loss due to the high self-discharge rate; during the discharging process, the discharge current is reasonably adjusted according to the relationship between its self-discharge rate and the average self-discharge rate of battery cells of the same category. If the self-discharge rate of the cell is S1 and the average self-discharge rate of battery cells of the same category is S_avg, when S1 / S_avg>1.5, the discharge current can be reduced to 60% of the original discharge current during discharge to ensure that the discharge process in the entire system is relatively balanced.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S4, it also includes setting a fixed monitoring period during the operation of the cascade battery power system to re-evaluate the parameters of the battery cells. When the set monitoring period is reached, the parameter difference quantification analysis step is executed again, that is, the difference between each battery cell and the average parameter of battery cells of the same category and the difference with the average parameter of all battery cells in the entire cascade battery power system are recalculated, and the inconsistency compensation strategy is readjusted according to the new parameter difference analysis results.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) Through detailed parameter detection and scientific classification of second-life battery cells, the consistency within the battery module and between different modules is significantly improved, and the unbalanced charging and discharging problem caused by differences in battery cells is effectively reduced, thereby greatly extending the service life of the second-life battery power system.

[0021] (2) The real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism is closely integrated with the graded compensation strategy, enabling the control system to adjust the operating status of the battery system in a timely and accurate manner, effectively ensuring the stable operation of the system under different working conditions and greatly improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0022] (3) When performing graded compensation, internal resistance difference compensation and capacity difference compensation are prioritized, followed by capacity difference compensation, and finally self-discharge rate difference compensation. This not only improves the difference compensation efficiency, but also improves the performance and reliability of the tiered battery power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the cascade control method of the secondary battery power supply in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention and its beneficial effects will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods and accompanying drawings, but the implementation methods of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0025] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 The present invention discloses a cascade control method for a secondary battery power supply, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1, perform comprehensive parameter detection on each battery cell constituting the secondary battery power source, including but not limited to open circuit voltage, internal resistance, capacity, self-discharge, and classify the battery cells using a cluster analysis algorithm based on the detected parameters;

[0028] High-precision professional battery testing equipment, such as advanced comprehensive battery testers, are used to conduct comprehensive and detailed parameter testing on each battery cell that constitutes the cascade battery power supply. The test parameters include but are not limited to key indicators such as open circuit voltage, internal resistance, capacity, charge and discharge curve, and self-discharge rate.

[0029] The parameter data of each battery cell detected is transmitted to the computer system, and classified using multivariate data analysis algorithms such as cluster analysis and principal component analysis. By setting reasonable classification parameters, such as clustering radius, similarity threshold K-Means algorithm, K-Medoids algorithm, agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm, divisive hierarchical clustering algorithm and Gaussian mixture model, it is ensured that the battery cells in the same category have a high degree of similarity in key parameters, laying the foundation for subsequent precise management and control.

[0030] S2, according to the classification results, similar battery cells are combined into different battery modules, the battery cells in each battery module are connected through a balancing circuit, and these battery modules are cascaded to form a cascade battery power system;

[0031] The specific implementation method is: based on the above classification results, similar battery cells are carefully selected to form different battery modules. Advanced balancing circuits are installed inside each battery module, such as inductive balancing circuits, capacitive balancing circuits or a combination of the two. Through these balancing circuits, the battery cells are closely connected to achieve preliminary balancing control inside the module, effectively suppressing the imbalance phenomenon that may be caused by differences between cells.

[0032] According to the specific application scenario requirements, these battery modules can be cascaded in series, parallel or a combination of series and parallel to build a complete cascade battery power system. For example, in the distributed energy storage application scenario, the cascade connection can be carried out in series first and then in parallel according to the voltage and capacity requirements of the energy storage system.

[0033] S3, during the operation of the cascade battery power system, the key operating parameters of the battery, such as voltage, resistance, current, capacity, self-discharge, temperature, etc., are monitored in real time through sensors installed on each battery cell and battery module, and the monitored parameters are fed back to the control system in real time;

[0034] During the operation of the second-life battery power system, by precisely installing various types of sensors on each battery cell and battery module, including micro voltage sensors, current sensors, temperature sensors, and self-discharge monitoring sensors, the battery's voltage, resistance, current, capacity, self-discharge, temperature and other key operating parameters are monitored in real time and uninterruptedly.

[0035] The various parameters monitored are fed back to the control system in real time using high-speed and stable wired communication methods (such as CAN bus, RS485 bus, etc.) or wireless communication methods (such as ZigBee, Bluetooth low energy, etc.). Based on these detailed feedback information, the control system conducts a comprehensive, in-depth and accurate evaluation of the operating status of the battery system.

[0036] S4, based on the feedback information from real-time monitoring, the control system conducts a comprehensive and in-depth quantitative analysis of the parameter differences between each battery cell, and calculates in detail the difference between the internal resistance, capacity, voltage, and self-discharge rate parameters of each battery cell and the average parameters of the same category of battery cells, as well as the difference with the average parameters of all battery cells in the entire cascade battery power system, to form a detailed and accurate parameter difference report. Based on the results of the quantitative analysis of parameter differences, the control system performs inconsistency compensation strategies for internal resistance difference compensation, capacity difference compensation, voltage difference compensation, and self-discharge rate difference compensation.

[0037] The specific method of data collection is: after completing the parameter detection of the battery cell, use professional data acquisition equipment to accurately collect and transmit the various detection parameters of each battery cell (such as internal resistance, capacity, voltage, self-discharge rate, etc.) to the computer system for storage. In the existing technology, generally only the internal resistance, capacity, voltage and other parameters of the single battery are measured, but the cascade battery is generally recycled from electric vehicles. At this time, the battery will self-discharge with a certain probability due to aging and other reasons. Therefore, in the control process of the cascade battery, the self-discharge of the battery is also a factor that needs to be considered, which can further improve the precision and accuracy of the control.

[0038] Calculation of average values ​​of the same category: For each battery cell category that has been classified, the average values ​​of various parameters of each battery cell category are calculated by a computer program. For example, for all battery cells in a certain category, their average internal resistance, average capacity, average voltage and average self-discharge rate are calculated.

[0039] Calculation of differences between cells and cells of the same category: For each battery cell, the difference between its parameters and the average values ​​of the corresponding parameters of cells of the same category is calculated by a computer program. For example, if the internal resistance of a battery cell is R1 and the average internal resistance of cells of the same category is R_avg, the difference value of the internal resistance of the cell is |R1-R_avg|; similarly, the difference values ​​of parameters such as capacity, voltage, and self-discharge rate are calculated.

[0040] Calculation of the difference between the single cell and the system average: In addition to calculating the difference with the same type of battery cells, it is also necessary to calculate the difference between the various parameters of each battery cell and the average value of the corresponding parameters of all battery cells in the entire cascade battery power system to form a detailed parameter difference report. Through these calculations, the degree of inconsistency of each battery cell in the entire system can be fully and accurately grasped.

[0041] Internal resistance difference compensation steps: When it is determined through parameter difference quantitative analysis that there are battery cells with large internal resistance differences (such as internal resistance that is more than 20% greater than the average internal resistance of battery cells of the same category), first identify the type of balancing circuit used by the battery module where the cell is located. If an inductive balancing circuit is used, the inductance value in the inductive balancing circuit is appropriately increased according to the degree of internal resistance difference. For example, if the initial inductance value is L1, it can be increased to L2 (L2>L1), and the on-off time and current size of the inductor can be finely adjusted at the same time to effectively reduce current fluctuations, thereby compensating for the impact caused by the internal resistance difference, so that the current distribution of each battery cell during the charging and discharging process is more reasonable. If a capacitive balancing circuit is used, the capacitance value in the capacitive balancing circuit is appropriately adjusted according to the degree of internal resistance difference (such as increasing the capacitance value from the initial value C1 to C2, C2>C1), and the charging and discharging time of the capacitor is reasonably adjusted to achieve optimization of current distribution.

[0042] Capacity difference compensation steps: For battery cells with large capacity differences (such as a capacity that is more than 30% smaller than the average capacity of battery cells of the same category), when charging, determine the charging rate based on the proportional relationship between its remaining capacity and the average remaining capacity of battery cells of the same category. For example, if the remaining capacity of the cell is C1, and the average remaining capacity of battery cells of the same category is C_avg, when C1 / C_avg<0.7, use a charging rate of 0.5C (C is the rated capacity of the battery) to avoid overcharging. When discharging, adjust the discharge current reasonably according to the proportion of its remaining capacity to the remaining capacity of the entire battery pack. Assuming that the remaining capacity of the battery pack is C_total and the remaining capacity of the cell is C1, when C1 / C_total<0.1, its discharge current can be reduced to 50% of the original discharge current to ensure that its discharge process in the entire system is relatively balanced.

[0043] Voltage difference compensation steps: For battery cells with large voltage differences (such as voltages that are more than 10% higher or lower than the average voltage of battery cells of the same category), during the charging and discharging process, if the battery module where the cell is located adopts an inductive balancing circuit, by adjusting the parameters such as the on-off time, current size, and inductance value of the inductor, its voltage is adjusted to a level close to the average voltage of battery cells of the same category. If a capacitive balancing circuit is used, a similar effect is achieved by adjusting parameters such as the charging and discharging time and capacitance value of the capacitor. At the same time, at the level of the entire cascade battery power system, according to the average voltage of each module, by adjusting the conduction state, duty cycle and other parameters of the switching devices in the cascade circuit, the voltage difference between the modules is kept within a reasonable range to avoid system instability caused by excessive voltage differences.

[0044] Self-discharge rate difference compensation steps: For battery cells with large self-discharge rate differences (such as self-discharge rates that are more than 50% higher than the average self-discharge rate of battery cells of the same category), during the charging process, the charging time or charging current can be appropriately increased to compensate for the power lost due to the high self-discharge rate. During the discharge process, the discharge current is reasonably adjusted according to the proportional relationship between its self-discharge rate and the average self-discharge rate of battery cells of the same category. For example, if the self-discharge rate of the cell is S1 and the average self-discharge rate of battery cells of the same category is S_avg, when S1 / S_avg>1.5, the discharge current can be reduced to 60% of the original discharge current during discharge to ensure that its discharge process in the entire system is relatively balanced.

[0045] Dynamic update and optimization steps: Monitoring cycle setting: During the operation of the cascade battery power system, a fixed monitoring cycle is set, such as re-evaluating the parameters of the battery cells every 1 hour or every 10 charge and discharge cycles.

[0046] Re-analyze the difference: When the set monitoring period is reached, the parameter difference quantitative analysis step is performed again, that is, the difference between each battery cell and the average parameter of battery cells of the same category and the difference with the average parameter of all battery cells in the entire echelon battery power system are recalculated.

[0047] Strategy update and adjustment: Readjust the inconsistency compensation strategy based on the new parameter difference analysis results. For example, if the internal resistance of a battery cell changes during operation, causing the difference between it and the average internal resistance of the same type of battery cells to change, then readjust the parameters such as the inductance value in the inductive balancing circuit or the capacitance value in the capacitive balancing circuit based on the new difference to adapt to the changes in the battery cell as the usage time and charge and discharge times increase, so as to always maintain effective management of the inconsistency of the cascade battery.

[0048] The inconsistency compensation strategy gives priority to internal resistance difference compensation and capacity difference compensation. Internal resistance and voltage have the greatest impact on the entire power system. Therefore, the differences between these two are compensated first. At the same time, the compensation of resistance difference and voltage difference can be quickly controlled through the balancing circuit, which is more efficient. Then, capacity difference compensation can make the overall battery system more balanced. Finally, self-discharge rate difference compensation is performed. Considering that the impact of self-discharge of cascade batteries on the overall system is the smallest, the self-discharge difference compensation is performed last. This not only improves the efficiency of difference compensation, but also improves the performance and reliability of the cascade battery power system.

[0049] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure cannot be limited thereto. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification and the truth of practice, it will be easy for those skilled in the art to think of other embodiments of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptive change of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the technical field that are not recorded in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A cascade control method for a secondary battery power source, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, perform comprehensive parameter detection on each battery cell constituting the secondary battery power source, including but not limited to open circuit voltage, internal resistance, capacity, charge and discharge curves, and classify the battery cells using a cluster analysis algorithm based on the detected parameters; S2, according to the classification results, similar battery cells are combined into different battery modules, the battery cells in each battery module are connected through a balancing circuit, and these battery modules are cascaded to form a cascade battery power system; S3, during the operation of the cascade battery power system, the key operating parameters of the battery, such as voltage, resistance, current, capacity, self-discharge, temperature, etc., are monitored in real time through sensors installed on each battery cell and battery module, and the monitored parameters are fed back to the control system in real time; S4, based on the feedback information from real-time monitoring, the control system conducts a comprehensive and in-depth quantitative analysis of the parameter differences between each battery cell, and calculates in detail the difference between the internal resistance, capacity, voltage, and self-discharge rate parameters of each battery cell and the average parameters of the same category of battery cells, as well as the difference with the average parameters of all battery cells in the entire cascade battery power system, to form a detailed and accurate parameter difference report. Based on the results of the quantitative analysis of parameter differences, the control system performs inconsistency compensation strategies for internal resistance difference compensation, capacity difference compensation, voltage difference compensation, and self-discharge rate difference compensation.

2. The cascade control method of secondary battery power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inconsistency compensation strategy prioritizes internal resistance difference compensation and capacity difference compensation, then performs capacity difference compensation, and finally performs self-discharge rate difference compensation.

3. The cascade control method of secondary battery power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cluster analysis algorithm may be one or more of a K-Means algorithm, a K-Medoids algorithm, an agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm, a divisive hierarchical clustering algorithm, and a Gaussian mixture model.

4. The cascade control method of secondary battery power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balancing circuit is an active balancing circuit, including but not limited to one or more of an inductive balancing circuit and a capacitive balancing circuit.

5. The cascade control method of secondary battery power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor is connected to the control system via wired or wireless communication. The wired communication method includes but is not limited to CAN bus, and the wireless communication method includes but is not limited to ZigBee.

6. The cascade control method of secondary battery power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage difference compensation strategy is that when the voltage of a battery cell in the module is higher than the average voltage of other cells by more than a certain threshold, if the battery module where the cell is located adopts an inductive balancing circuit, by adjusting the parameters such as the on-off time, current size and inductance value of the inductor, its voltage is adjusted to a level close to the average voltage of battery cells of the same category; if the battery module where the cell is located adopts a capacitive balancing circuit, by adjusting the parameters such as the charging and discharging time and capacitance value of the capacitor, its voltage is adjusted to a level close to the average voltage of battery cells of the same category.

7. The cascade control method of secondary battery power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal resistance difference compensation strategy is that, for battery cells with large internal resistance differences, during the charging and discharging process, if the battery module in which the cell is located adopts an inductive balancing circuit, the inductance value in the inductive balancing circuit is appropriately increased, and the on-off time and current size of the inductance are finely adjusted to effectively reduce current fluctuations, thereby compensating for the impact caused by the internal resistance difference, so that the current distribution of each battery cell during the charging and discharging process is more reasonable; If a capacitive balancing circuit is used, the current distribution can be optimized and the influence caused by the difference in internal resistance can be compensated by appropriately adjusting the capacitance value in the capacitive balancing circuit and reasonably adjusting the charging and discharging time of the capacitor.

8. The cascade control method for secondary battery power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that the capacity difference compensation strategy is that, for battery cells with large capacity differences, different charge and discharge rates are adopted during charging and discharging according to the proportional relationship between their remaining capacity and the average remaining capacity of battery cells of the same category. If the remaining capacity of the cell is C1 and the average remaining capacity of battery cells of the same category is C_avg, when C1 / C_avg<0.7, a charging rate of 0.5C is adopted for charging to avoid overcharging; during discharging, the discharge current is reasonably adjusted according to the proportion of its remaining capacity to the remaining capacity of the entire battery pack. If the remaining capacity of the battery pack is C_total and the remaining capacity of the cell is C1, when C1 / C_total<0.1, its discharge current can be reduced to 50% of the original discharge current to ensure that its discharge process in the entire system is relatively balanced.

9. The cascade control method for secondary battery power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that the self-discharge rate difference strategy is that for battery cells with large self-discharge rate differences, during the charging process, the charging time or charging current can be appropriately increased to make up for the power loss due to the high self-discharge rate; during the discharging process, according to the relationship between its self-discharge rate and the average self-discharge rate of battery cells of the same category, its discharge current is reasonably adjusted. If the self-discharge rate of the cell is S1 and the average self-discharge rate of battery cells of the same category is S_avg, when S1 / S_avg>1.5, its discharge current can be reduced to 60% of the original discharge current during discharge to ensure that its discharge process in the entire system is relatively balanced.

10. The secondary battery power cascade control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, it also includes setting a fixed monitoring period during the operation of the cascade battery power system to re-evaluate the parameters of the battery cells. When the set monitoring period is reached, the parameter difference quantification analysis step is performed again, that is, the difference between each battery cell and the average parameter of battery cells of the same category and the difference with the average parameter of all battery cells in the entire cascade battery power system are recalculated, and the inconsistency compensation strategy is readjusted according to the new parameter difference analysis results.

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