Radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system and device, and belongs to the field of energy collection and energy supply, and the system comprises a hybrid energy collection circuit and an output voltage stabilizing circuit. The hybrid energy collection circuit comprises a solar energy collection circuit and a radio frequency energy collection circuit. And after the solar energy collection circuit and the radio frequency energy collection circuit are connected with two diodes, the two diodes are connected in parallel to the output voltage stabilizing circuit. The two energy sources can be collected and managed at the same time, the efficiency of the energy collection system is improved, and the stability of the system is improved. Meanwhile, the system is provided with a self-starting module, an external power supply is not needed, the cost is reduced, and the compatibility and flexibility of the system are improved. The level output value can be flexibly set by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor, and the charging voltage of the super capacitor can also be set by the resistance value, so that the flexibility of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of energy collection and supply, and relates to a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid supply system and device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the application of micro-UAVs has become more and more extensive. Deploying wired sensor networks on micro-UAVs will reduce system reliability and increase system weight and cost. Therefore, the demand for wireless sensor networks for micro-UAVs is increasing. However, battery-powered wireless sensor systems have disadvantages such as large size, low capacity, limited working life and replacement cost. Therefore, a new power supply method needs to be found. With the rapid development of microelectronics, ultra-low power sensors and microcontrollers, wireless sensor systems have entered the era of low power consumption. Studies have found that collecting energy from the environment can meet the working requirements of wireless sensor networks, thereby replacing batteries to power wireless sensor networks. However, using a single energy source for power supply is unstable. For example, solar energy cannot work when the weather is bad, which may cause the system to fail. Therefore, using multiple energy sources to power supply simultaneously can not only improve the energy collection efficiency, but also increase the stability of the system.

[0003] In the prior art, a light-heat-radio frequency fusion energy harvesting device has been invented to achieve efficient energy collection with the integration of multiple energy mechanisms and spatial mutual benefit, and can power various low-power electronic devices. The device adopts a hexahedral packaging structure and is suitable for multi-directional energy collection. For some applicable scenarios that require portability and are space-valuable, such as micro-unmanned aerial vehicles, this design structure is no longer suitable. The partial hybrid energy collector provides the illumination voltage converted by the photosensitive module to the rectifier diode to achieve the purpose of collecting solar energy. However, the device cannot collect solar energy alone, and the energy collected is only at the microwatt level, which is far from enough compared to the milliwatt level energy required by IoT sensors. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system and device to overcome the deficiency of unstable power supply of a single energy source in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system is provided; It includes a hybrid energy collection circuit and an output voltage stabilization circuit; the hybrid energy collection circuit includes a solar energy collection circuit and a radio frequency energy collection circuit; the solar energy collection circuit and the radio frequency energy collection circuit are each connected to a diode, and the two diodes are connected in parallel to the output voltage stabilization circuit; The solar energy collection circuit includes a first boost conversion chip U1, a first energy storage circuit, a first MPPT control circuit, a first power management circuit and a first power state monitoring circuit; the first boost conversion chip U1 is connected to a first power source, and the first MPPT control circuit, the first power management circuit and the first power state monitoring circuit are connected to the first boost conversion chip U1; The RF energy collection circuit includes a second boost conversion electrical chip U2, a second energy storage circuit, a second MPPT control circuit, a second power management circuit and a second power status monitoring circuit; the second boost conversion electrical chip U1 is connected to a second power supply, and the second MPPT control circuit, the second power management circuit and the second power status monitoring circuit are connected to the second boost conversion electrical chip U2.

[0006] Furthermore, the first boost converter chip U1 and the second boost converter chip U2 both use the boost converter chip BQ25504, pin 16 of the first boost converter chip U1 is connected to the first power supply through the first inductor L1, the first power supply is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded; pin 16 of the second boost converter chip U2 is connected to the second power supply through the second inductor L2, the second power supply is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; the diode includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to pin 15 of the first boost converter chip U1, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to pin 15 of the second boost converter chip U2, and the cathodes of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are connected in parallel in the output voltage stabilization circuit.

[0007] Further, the first energy storage circuit includes a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3 and a first super capacitor, one end of the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 is connected to the 15th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the first super capacitor and grounded, and the other end of the first super capacitor is connected to the 14th pin of the first boost converter chip U1; The first MPPT control circuit includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor Cr1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the 5th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, and the other end is connected to the second resistor R2 and connected to the power supply, one end of the first capacitor Cr1 is connected to the 4th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, and the other end of the first capacitor Cr1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1; The first power state monitoring circuit includes a ninth resistor R9, an eighth resistor R8 and a seventh resistor R7, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the 13th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the first power management circuit; The first power management circuit includes a fourth resistor R4, a third resistor R3, a sixth resistor R6 and a fifth resistor R5, the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the fifth resistor R5 and one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded, one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the seventh resistor R7 and connected to pin 6 of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded. Further, the second energy storage circuit includes a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6 and a second super capacitor, one end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the 15th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the second super capacitor and grounded, and the other end of the second super capacitor is connected to the 14th pin of the second boost converter chip U2; The second MPPT control circuit includes a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14 and a second capacitor Cr2, one end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the 5th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, and the other end is connected to the thirteenth resistor R13 and connected to the power supply, one end of the second capacitor Cr2 is connected to the 4th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, and the other end of the second capacitor Cr2 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14; The second power state monitoring circuit includes a twenty-first resistor R21, a twentieth resistor R20 and a nineteenth resistor R19, one end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to the 13th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to one end of the twentieth resistor R20, the other end of the twentieth resistor R20 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R19, and the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the second power management circuit; The first power management circuit includes a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17 and an eighteenth resistor R18, the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to one end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the fifteenth resistor R15, the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor R18, the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is grounded, one end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the fifteenth resistor R15 and connected to pin 6 of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is grounded.

[0008] Further, the output voltage stabilizing circuit includes an output voltage stabilizing chip U3, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, a ninth capacitor C9, a tenth capacitor C10, an eleventh capacitor C11, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12 and a third inductor L3; one end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the VIN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is grounded; one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the EN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the VIN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3; one end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the VCC pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the output voltage stabilizing chip U3's MODE / SYNC pin; one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the VOUT pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the FB pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U3 and one end of the twelfth resistor R12, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is grounded; one end of the ninth capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10 and the eleventh capacitor C11 are connected to the VOUT pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other ends of the ninth capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10 and the eleventh capacitor C11 are grounded; one end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the SW1 pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the SW2 pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3.

[0009] Furthermore, the operating voltages of the first supercapacitor and the second supercapacitor are both between 3V and 5.5V.

[0010] Furthermore, the sum of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is equal to 20 MΩ.

[0011] Furthermore, the first capacitor Cr1 is connected close to the 4th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, and the second capacitor Cr2 is connected close to the 4th pin of the second boost converter chip U2.

[0012] Furthermore, the sum of the fourth resistor R4 and the third resistor R3 is equal to 10 MΩ, and the sum of the sixth resistor R6 and the fifth resistor R5 is equal to 10 MΩ.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a RF energy and solar energy hybrid power supply device, including a hybrid energy collection module and an output voltage stabilizing module, the hybrid energy collection module includes a solar energy collection module and a RF energy collection module, the solar energy collection module is used to collect solar energy, the RF energy collection module is used to collect RF energy, and the output voltage stabilizing module is used to adjust the voltage of the solar energy collection module and the RF energy collection module.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system, including a hybrid energy collection circuit and an output voltage stabilization circuit, wherein the hybrid energy collection circuit includes a solar energy collection circuit and a radio frequency energy collection circuit; it can realize the simultaneous collection and management of two energy sources, improve the efficiency of the energy collection system, and increase the stability of the system. At the same time, the present invention has a self-starting module, does not require an external power supply, reduces costs, and improves the compatibility and flexibility of the system. The level output value can be flexibly set by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor, and the charging voltage of the supercapacitor can also be set by the resistance value, which increases the flexibility of the system.

[0015] Specifically, after the solar energy collection circuit and the radio frequency energy collection circuit are each connected to a diode, the two diodes are connected in parallel to the output voltage stabilization circuit, which can prevent the current from flowing back into the two energy collection devices.

[0016] Specifically, the ninth capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10 and the eleventh capacitor C11 can reduce the ripple of the output voltage and make the output voltage more stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The figure is a structural block diagram of a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram showing the connection between a hybrid energy collection circuit and an output voltage stabilizing circuit of a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of a solar energy collection circuit of a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency energy collection circuit of a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0023] An embodiment of the present application provides a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply device involved in a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system, including a hybrid energy collection module and an output voltage stabilizing module, the hybrid energy collection module includes a solar energy collection module and a radio frequency energy collection module, the solar energy collection module is used to collect solar energy, the radio frequency energy collection module is used to collect radio frequency energy, and the output voltage stabilizing module is used to adjust the voltage of the solar energy collection module and the radio frequency energy collection module.

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 4 , a radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system includes a hybrid energy collection circuit and an output voltage stabilization circuit; the hybrid energy collection circuit includes a solar energy collection circuit and a radio frequency energy collection circuit; Figure 1 As shown, the circuit connection diagram of the hybrid energy collection circuit and the hybrid energy collection circuit and the output voltage stabilizing circuit connects the solar energy collection circuit, the radio frequency energy collection circuit and the output voltage stabilizing circuit through the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, so that the solar energy collection circuit and the radio frequency energy collection circuit can operate independently without interfering with each other, thereby improving the energy collection efficiency.

[0025] In order to facilitate management and energy collection, solar energy and radio frequency energy are connected to the first boost conversion chip U1 and the second boost conversion chip U2 respectively, and the collected energy is stored in the first super capacitor and the second super capacitor respectively; wherein the first boost conversion chip U1 and the second boost conversion chip U2 can be chip BQ25504. After the solar energy collection circuit and the radio frequency energy collection circuit are each connected to a diode, the two diodes are connected in parallel to the output voltage stabilization circuit.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the solar energy collection circuit includes a first boost conversion chip U1, a first energy storage circuit, a first MPPT control circuit, a first power management circuit and a first power state monitoring circuit; the first boost conversion chip U1 is connected to the first power supply, and the first MPPT control circuit, the first power management circuit and the first power state monitoring circuit are connected to the first boost conversion chip U1; the 16 pins of the first boost conversion chip U1 are connected to the first power supply through the first inductor L1, the first power supply is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded. Among them, the first capacitor C1 is a filter capacitor, and the size should be at least 4.7uF; the first inductor L1 is selected to be 22uH and has a peak current greater than 300mA; the first power supply is a solar cell, and optionally, the solar cell selects a gallium arsenide solar cell with a higher conversion efficiency.

[0027] For example, the first energy storage circuit includes a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3 and a first super capacitor, one end of the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 is connected to the 15th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the first super capacitor and grounded, and the other end of the first super capacitor is connected to the 14th pin of the first boost converter chip U1; The first MPPT control circuit includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor Cr1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the 5-pin of the first boost conversion chip U1, the other end is connected to the second resistor R2 and connected to the power supply, one end of the first capacitor Cr1 is connected to the 4-pin of the first boost conversion chip U1, and the other end of the first capacitor Cr1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1; wherein, the sum of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 should be equal to 20 MΩ, the first capacitor Cr1 should be as close as possible to the 4-pin of the first boost conversion chip U1 when connected, and an X7R or COG low leakage capacitor is selected. By setting the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the working voltage of the solar cell is set to 80% of the open circuit voltage to realize the MPPT function. The working voltage of the solar cell and the radio frequency energy should be less than 3V. The working voltage is programmed by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the first boost conversion chip U1 collects the open circuit voltage for 256ms every 16 seconds to ensure the accuracy and real-time performance of the open circuit voltage. The energy collected by the solar cell is transmitted to the first boost converter chip U1 through the first inductor L1.

[0028] The first power state monitoring circuit includes a ninth resistor R9, an eighth resistor R8 and a seventh resistor R7, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the 13th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the first power management circuit; Pin 11 of the first boost converter chip U1 is the VBAT_OK pin, which is the energy storage working status indication pin. When the energy storage voltage is higher than a certain voltage threshold VBAT_OK_HYST=2.8V, the pin outputs a high level, and when the energy storage voltage is lower than VBAT_OK_PROG=2.4V, the pin outputs a low level. The voltage threshold is set by the ninth resistor R9, the eighth resistor R8 and the seventh resistor R7.

[0029] Preferably, the sum of the ninth resistor R9, the eighth resistor R8 and the seventh resistor R7 is approximately equal to 10 MΩ.

[0030] The first power management circuit includes a fourth resistor R4, a third resistor R3, a sixth resistor R6 and a fifth resistor R5, the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the fifth resistor R5 and one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded, one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the seventh resistor R7 and connected to pin 6 of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded.

[0031] The undervoltage or overvoltage protection of the first supercapacitor is set by the fourth resistor R4, the third resistor R3, the sixth resistor R6 and the fifth resistor R5.

[0032] Preferably, the sum of the fourth resistor R4 and the third resistor R3 is approximately equal to 10 MΩ. The sum of the sixth resistor R6 and the fifth resistor R5 is approximately equal to 10 MΩ.

[0033] Preferably, two capacitors should be connected in parallel between the pin 15 of the first boost converter chip U1 and the ground connection, and a low ESR capacitor of at least 4.7uF should be connected in parallel.

[0034] The first boost converter chip U1 collects the first power source, the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell and stores it in the first capacitor Cr1. During this period, the output voltage of the solar cell is adjusted to be the same as the voltage of Cr1, thereby achieving an open-circuit voltage control effect.

[0035] The first boost conversion chip U1 controls the charge and discharge of the first supercapacitor by detecting the voltage across the third capacitor C3. The charge and discharge voltage threshold of the first supercapacitor set in this application is 2.2V~3.6V. When the voltage across the third capacitor C3 is lower than 2.2V, the first boost conversion chip U1 charges the third capacitor C3. When the voltage across the third capacitor C3 reaches above 2.2V, the first boost conversion chip U1 charges the first supercapacitor. When the charging voltage of the first supercapacitor rises to 3.6V, the first boost conversion chip U1 stops working. At this time, the first supercapacitor supplies power to the rear-end load, and the voltage drops until the voltage drops below 2.2V.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the RF energy collection circuit includes a second boost conversion chip U2, a second energy storage circuit, a second MPPT control circuit, a second power management circuit and a second power state monitoring circuit; the second boost conversion chip U1 is connected to the second power supply, and the second MPPT control circuit, the second power management circuit and the second power state monitoring circuit are connected to the second boost conversion chip U2. The second boost conversion chip U2 adopts the boost conversion chip BQ25504, and the 16 pins of the second boost conversion chip U2 are connected to the second power supply through the second inductor L2, and the second power supply is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded. The fourth capacitor C4 is a filter capacitor, and the size should be at least 4.7uF; the second inductor L21 is selected to be 22uH and has a peak current greater than 300mA; the second power supply is a solar cell, and optionally, the solar cell selects a gallium arsenide solar cell with a higher conversion efficiency.

[0037] For example, the second energy storage circuit includes a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6 and a second super capacitor, one end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the 15th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the second super capacitor and grounded, and the other end of the second super capacitor is connected to the 14th pin of the second boost converter chip U2; The second MPPT control circuit includes a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14 and a second capacitor Cr2, one end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the 5-pin of the second boost conversion chip U2, the other end is connected to the thirteenth resistor R13 and connected to the power supply, one end of the second capacitor Cr2 is connected to the 4-pin of the second boost conversion chip U2, and the other end of the second capacitor Cr2 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14; wherein, the sum of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14 should be equal to 20 MΩ, and the second capacitor Cr2 should be as close as possible to the 4-pin of the second boost conversion chip U2 when connected, and a X7R or COG low leakage capacitor is selected. By setting the resistance values ​​of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14, the operating voltage of the solar cell is set to 80% of the open circuit voltage to achieve the MPPT function. The operating voltage of the solar cell and the RF energy should be less than 3V. The working voltage is programmed by the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14. The second boost converter chip U2 collects the open circuit voltage for 256ms every 16 seconds to ensure the accuracy and real-time performance of the open circuit voltage. The energy collected by the solar cell is transmitted to the second boost converter chip U2 through the second inductor L2.

[0038] The second power state monitoring circuit includes a twenty-first resistor R21, a twentieth resistor R20 and a nineteenth resistor R19, one end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to the 13th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to one end of the twentieth resistor R20, the other end of the twentieth resistor R20 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R19, and the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the second power management circuit; The pin 11 of the second boost converter chip U2 is the VBAT_OK pin, which is the energy storage working status indication pin. When the energy storage voltage is higher than a certain voltage threshold VBAT_OK_HYST=2.8V, the pin outputs a high level, and when the energy storage voltage is lower than VBAT_OK_PROG=2.4V, the pin outputs a low level. The voltage threshold is set by the twenty-first resistor R21, the twentieth resistor R20 and the nineteenth resistor R19.

[0039] Preferably, the sum of the twenty-first resistor R21, the twentieth resistor R20 and the nineteenth resistor R19 is approximately equal to 10 MΩ.

[0040] The first power management circuit includes a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17 and an eighteenth resistor R18, the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to one end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the fifteenth resistor R15, the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor R18, the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is grounded, one end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the fifteenth resistor R15 and connected to pin 6 of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is grounded.

[0041] The undervoltage or overvoltage protection of the first supercapacitor is set by the fifteenth resistor R15, the sixteenth resistor R16, the seventeenth resistor R17 and the eighteenth resistor R18.

[0042] Preferably, the sum of the fifteenth resistor R15 and the sixteenth resistor R16 is approximately equal to 10 MΩ. The sum of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the eighteenth resistor R18 is approximately equal to 10 MΩ.

[0043] Preferably, two capacitors should be connected in parallel between the pin 15 of the second boost converter chip U2 and the ground connection, and a low ESR capacitor of at least 4.7uF should be connected in parallel.

[0044] The second boost conversion chip U2 controls the charge and discharge of the second supercapacitor by detecting the voltage across the fifth capacitor C5. The charge and discharge voltage threshold of the second supercapacitor set in this application is 2.2V~3.6V. When the voltage across the fifth capacitor C5 is lower than 2.2V, the second boost conversion chip U2 charges the fifth capacitor C5. When the voltage across the fifth capacitor C5 reaches above 2.2V, the second boost conversion chip U2 charges the second supercapacitor. When the charging voltage of the second supercapacitor rises to 3.6V, the second boost conversion chip U2 stops working. At this time, the second supercapacitor supplies power to the rear-end load, and the voltage drops until the voltage drops below 2.2V.

[0045] like Figure 4As shown, the output voltage stabilizing circuit includes an output voltage stabilizing chip U3, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, a ninth capacitor C9, a tenth capacitor C10, an eleventh capacitor C11, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12 and a third inductor L3; one end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the VIN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is grounded; one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the EN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the VIN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the VIN pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U3 is connected to the EN pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U3 through the tenth resistor R10, so as to achieve the purpose of self-starting; one end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the VCC pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3 pin, the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the MODE / SYNC pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3; one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the VOUT pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the FB pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U3 and one end of the twelfth resistor R12, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is grounded; one end of the ninth capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10 and the eleventh capacitor C11 is connected to the VOUT pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other ends of the ninth capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10 and the eleventh capacitor C11 are grounded; one end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the SW1 pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the SW2 pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3. Among them, the output voltage stabilizing chip of the circuit selects the DC-DC converter MP28162GC chip with buck-boost function; the third inductor L3 is a DC-DC switching inductor, and when the output voltage is 3V, the size of the third inductor L3 is selected to be 1uH.

[0046] After the solar energy collection circuit and the radio frequency energy collection circuit are each connected to a diode, the two diodes are connected in parallel in the output voltage stabilization circuit, wherein the diode includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to pin 15 of the first boost converter chip U1, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to pin 15 of the second boost converter chip U2, and the cathodes of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are connected in parallel in the output voltage stabilization circuit.

[0047] The MP28162GC chip has the advantages of high conversion efficiency and low quiescent current, and meets the input voltage of 1.2-5.5V and the output voltage of 1.5-5.5V. It can be used in conjunction with a hybrid energy harvesting circuit. The cathodes of the two first diodes D1 and the second diode D2 of the hybrid energy harvesting circuit are connected to the VIN pin of U3, and the current is sent to the MP28162GC chip through the filter capacitor C1.

[0048] When the current in the hybrid energy collection circuit enters the VIN pin of the voltage regulator chip U3, the voltage regulator chip U3 will automatically set the boost mode or the buck mode according to the input voltage and the set output voltage. The seventh capacitor C7, the eighth capacitor C8, the ninth capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10, and the eleventh capacitor C11 are filter capacitors to reduce ripple current. By setting the values ​​of the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 to 400KΩ and 80KΩ respectively, and setting the output voltage to 3V, the power demand of the low-power sensor network can be met. Therefore, the present invention can realize the multi-energy hybrid collection and power supply function.

[0049] The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system, characterized in that: It includes a hybrid energy collection circuit and an output voltage stabilization circuit; the hybrid energy collection circuit includes a solar energy collection circuit and a radio frequency energy collection circuit; the solar energy collection circuit and the radio frequency energy collection circuit are each connected to a diode, and the two diodes are connected in parallel to the output voltage stabilization circuit; The solar energy collection circuit includes a first boost conversion chip U1, a first energy storage circuit, a first MPPT control circuit, a first power management circuit and a first power state monitoring circuit; the first boost conversion chip U1 is connected to a first power source, and the first MPPT control circuit, the first power management circuit and the first power state monitoring circuit are connected to the first boost conversion chip U1; The RF energy collection circuit includes a second boost conversion electrical chip U2, a second energy storage circuit, a second MPPT control circuit, a second power management circuit and a second power status monitoring circuit; the second boost conversion electrical chip U1 is connected to a second power supply, and the second MPPT control circuit, the second power management circuit and the second power status monitoring circuit are connected to the second boost conversion electrical chip U2.

2. A radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first boost converter chip U1 and the second boost converter chip U2 both use the boost converter chip BQ25504, pin 16 of the first boost converter chip U1 is connected to the first power supply through the first inductor L1, the first power supply is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded; pin 16 of the second boost converter chip U2 is connected to the second power supply through the second inductor L2, the second power supply is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; the diode includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to pin 15 of the first boost converter chip U1, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to pin 15 of the second boost converter chip U2, and the cathodes of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are connected in parallel in the output voltage stabilization circuit.

3. A radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first energy storage circuit includes a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3 and a first super capacitor, one end of the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 is connected to the 15th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the first super capacitor and grounded, and the other end of the first super capacitor is connected to the 14th pin of the first boost converter chip U1; The first MPPT control circuit includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor Cr1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the 5th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, and the other end is connected to the second resistor R2 and connected to the power supply, one end of the first capacitor Cr1 is connected to the 4th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, and the other end of the first capacitor Cr1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1; The first power state monitoring circuit includes a ninth resistor R9, an eighth resistor R8 and a seventh resistor R7, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the 13th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the first power management circuit; The first power management circuit includes a fourth resistor R4, a third resistor R3, a sixth resistor R6 and a fifth resistor R5, the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the fifth resistor R5 and one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded, one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the seventh resistor R7 and connected to pin 6 of the first boost converter chip U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded.

4. The radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second energy storage circuit includes a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6 and a second super capacitor, one end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the 15th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the second super capacitor and grounded, and the other end of the second super capacitor is connected to the 14th pin of the second boost converter chip U2; The second MPPT control circuit includes a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14 and a second capacitor Cr2, one end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the 5th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, and the other end is connected to the thirteenth resistor R13 and connected to the power supply, one end of the second capacitor Cr2 is connected to the 4th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, and the other end of the second capacitor Cr2 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14; The second power state monitoring circuit includes a twenty-first resistor R21, a twentieth resistor R20 and a nineteenth resistor R19, one end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to the 13th pin of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to one end of the twentieth resistor R20, the other end of the twentieth resistor R20 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R19, and the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the second power management circuit; The first power management circuit includes a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17 and an eighteenth resistor R18, the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to one end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the fifteenth resistor R15, the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor R18, the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is grounded, one end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the fifteenth resistor R15 and connected to pin 6 of the second boost converter chip U2, the other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is grounded.

5. The radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output voltage stabilizing circuit includes an output voltage stabilizing chip U3, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, a ninth capacitor C9, a tenth capacitor C10, an eleventh capacitor C11, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12 and a third inductor L3; one end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the VIN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is grounded; one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the EN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the VIN pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3; one end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the VCC pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the output voltage stabilizing chip U3 MODE / SYNC pin; one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the VOUT pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the FB pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U3 and one end of the twelfth resistor R12, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is grounded; one end of the ninth capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10 and the eleventh capacitor C11 are connected to the VOUT pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other ends of the ninth capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10 and the eleventh capacitor C11 are grounded; one end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the SW1 pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3, and the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the SW2 pin of the output voltage stabilizing chip U3.

6. The radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operating voltages of the first supercapacitor and the second supercapacitor are both between 3V and 5.5V.

7. The radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sum of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is equal to 20 MΩ.

8. The radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first capacitor Cr1 is connected close to the 4th pin of the first boost converter chip U1, and the second capacitor Cr2 is connected close to the 4th pin of the second boost converter chip U2.

9. The radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sum of the fourth resistor R4 and the third resistor R3 is equal to 10 MΩ, and the sum of the sixth resistor R6 and the fifth resistor R5 is equal to 10 MΩ.

10. A radio frequency energy and solar energy hybrid energy supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes a hybrid energy collection module and an output voltage stabilizing module. The hybrid energy collection module includes a solar energy collection module and a radio frequency energy collection module. The solar energy collection module is used to collect solar energy, the radio frequency energy collection module is used to collect radio frequency energy, and the output voltage stabilizing module is used to adjust the voltage of the solar energy collection module and the radio frequency energy collection module.

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