A piezoelectric energy harvester driven by shape memory alloy
By combining shape memory alloys and piezoelectric materials, using temperature changes and mechanical strains, efficient thermoelectric conversion is achieved, solving the problem of low efficiency of existing piezoelectric energy traps, improving energy utilization efficiency, and broadening application fields.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411972517.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
When using piezoelectric energy traps to induce electric energy using piezoelectric materials, the existing piezoelectric energy traps are low in efficiency and are difficult to fully utilize temperature changes and mechanical strains, which limits their wide application in energy conversion and application fields.
By combining shape memory alloys with piezoelectric materials, the memory effect and superelastic effect of shape memory alloys are used to achieve efficient thermoelectric conversion using temperature changes and mechanical strain. The specific implementation method is to provide power through the shape memory alloy spring group, drive the rotating part to rotate, and then impact the piezoelectric vibrator to generate a voltage.
It realizes efficient thermoelectric conversion, improves energy utilization efficiency, enhances equipment sustainability, and broadens its possibilities for application in multiple fields.
Smart Images
Figure CN119765988A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of piezoelectric energy harvesters, and in particular provides a piezoelectric energy harvester driven by a shape memory alloy. Background Art
[0002] As a new energy device, piezoelectric energy harvester uses the induction of piezoelectric materials to generate electricity. Shape memory alloy is a special alloy material with memory effect. It can return to its original state when subjected to external force or temperature change. Shape memory alloy has shape memory effect and superelastic effect. Combining piezoelectric materials and shape memory alloys has broad prospects in energy conversion and application fields. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a piezoelectric energy harvester combining a shape memory alloy and a piezoelectric material.
[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a piezoelectric energy harvester driven by a shape memory alloy, the piezoelectric energy harvester comprising:
[0005] A driving mechanism for providing power;
[0006] A power generation mechanism, used to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy when receiving power provided by the driving mechanism;
[0007] The energy collection mechanism is used to rectify and store the electrical energy generated by the power generation mechanism.
[0008] The driving mechanism includes a plurality of shape memory alloy spring groups and a rotating part that rotates by utilizing the torque generated by the deformation of the shape memory alloy spring groups.
[0009] The power generation mechanism includes a piezoelectric vibrator that is deformed after being hit by a rotating part, and the piezoelectric vibrator generates voltage after being deformed.
[0010] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution, wherein the shape memory alloy spring group includes shape memory alloy heating extension springs and shape memory alloy heating contraction springs, and the shape memory alloy heating extension springs and shape memory alloy heating contraction springs in multiple groups of shape memory alloy spring groups are installed alternately.
[0011] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution, the rotating part includes a toggle wheel fixed to one end of the shape memory alloy spring group, a driven wheel fixed to the other end of the shape memory alloy spring group, a toggle rod arranged on the toggle wheel for striking the piezoelectric vibrator, and a bent shaft that passes through the driven wheel and the toggle wheel and is assembled on the power generation mechanism.
[0012] The bent shaft is provided with two sections of mounting shafts with parallel axes, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are mounted on different mounting shafts.
[0013] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution, wherein the driven wheel is fixed to the bent shaft via a bearing, a bearing hole is provided at the center of the driven wheel, the bearing hole and the outer ring of the bearing are tightly assembled and then bonded by curing glue, and the bent shaft and the inner ring of the bearing have an interference fit.
[0014] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution that circular holes for fixing the shape memory alloy spring group are provided on the driven wheel and the driving wheel.
[0015] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution, the power generation mechanism also includes a base and a bracket installed on the base for fixing the piezoelectric vibrator, and the bracket is also used for assembling the rotating part.
[0016] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution, wherein an assembly hole for assembling a rotating part is provided at the center of the bracket, the bent axis of the rotating part is tightly assembled with the assembly hole and bonded by curing glue, and a square hole for embedding a piezoelectric vibrator is provided on the outer side of the bracket disk.
[0017] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution that the springs of the shape memory alloy spring group are all made of NiTi-based shape memory alloy.
[0018] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution, the energy collection mechanism includes a rectifier bridge for converting the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric vibrator into direct current and a capacitor for storing the converted direct current.
[0019] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution that the springs of the shape memory alloy spring group are all made of NiTi-based shape memory alloy.
[0020] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester provided by the present invention also has such a technical solution that the multiple groups of shape memory alloy spring groups are evenly fixed on the rotating part.
[0021] Beneficial Effects
[0022] The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester proposed in the present invention realizes efficient thermoelectric conversion by making full use of temperature changes and mechanical strain through the combination of shape memory alloy and piezoelectric material. Shape memory alloy uses its memory effect to realize sensitivity to external force or temperature, thereby converting external thermal energy into usable mechanical energy, and piezoelectric material converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency, realizing sustainable energy utilization, and can be applied in many fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a piezoelectric energy harvester driven by a shape memory alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a driving mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy collection mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0028] Among them, 1: bracket; 2: piezoelectric vibrator; 3: shape memory alloy heating extension spring; 4: shape memory alloy heating contraction spring; 5: bearing; 6: toggle wheel; 7: base; 8: bending axis; 9: toggle rod; 10: rectifier bridge; 11: capacitor; 12: driven wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but it should be noted that these implementation methods are not limitations of the present application, and equivalent changes or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these implementation methods are all within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the creation of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the creation of the present application.
[0031] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention of this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.
[0032] The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention of this application can be understood by specific circumstances.
[0033] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester, the piezoelectric energy harvester comprising:
[0034] A driving mechanism for providing power;
[0035] A power generation mechanism, used to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy when receiving power provided by the driving mechanism;
[0036] The energy collection mechanism is used to rectify and store the electrical energy generated by the power generation mechanism.
[0037] The driving mechanism includes a plurality of shape memory alloy spring groups and a rotating part that rotates by utilizing the torque generated by the deformation of the shape memory alloy spring groups.
[0038] The power generation mechanism includes a piezoelectric vibrator 2 that is deformed after being impacted by a rotating part, and the piezoelectric vibrator 2 generates voltage after being deformed.
[0039] In some embodiments, the shape memory alloy spring group includes shape memory alloy heating extension springs 3 and shape memory alloy heating contraction springs 4, and the shape memory alloy heating extension springs 3 and shape memory alloy heating contraction springs 4 in multiple groups of shape memory alloy spring groups are installed alternately.
[0040] In some embodiments, the rotating part includes a toggle wheel 6 fixed to one end of the shape memory alloy spring group, a driven wheel 12 fixed to the other end of the shape memory alloy spring group, a toggle rod 9 provided on the toggle wheel 6 for striking the piezoelectric vibrator 2, and a bent shaft 8 that passes through the driven wheel 12 and the toggle wheel 6 and is assembled on the power generation mechanism.
[0041] The bending shaft 8 is provided with two installation shafts with parallel axes, and the driving wheel 6 and the driven wheel 12 are installed on different installation shafts.
[0042] In some embodiments, the driven wheel 12 is fixed to the bent shaft 8 through a bearing 5. A bearing hole is provided at the center of the driven wheel 12. The bearing hole and the outer ring of the bearing 5 are tightly assembled and bonded with curing glue. The bent shaft 8 and the inner ring of the bearing 5 are interference fit.
[0043] In some embodiments, circular holes for fixing the shape memory alloy spring assembly are provided on the driven wheel 12 and the driving wheel 6 .
[0044] In some embodiments, the power generation mechanism further comprises a base 7 and a bracket 1 mounted on the base 7 for fixing the piezoelectric vibrator 2 , and the bracket 1 is also used for assembling the rotating part. The bracket 1 is arranged at the center of the base 7 .
[0045] In some embodiments, the center of the bracket 1 is provided with an assembly hole for assembling the rotating part, the bending axis 8 of the rotating part is tightly assembled with the assembly hole and bonded by curing glue, and the outer side of the disc of the bracket 1 is provided with a square hole for embedding the piezoelectric vibrator 2.
[0046] In some embodiments, the energy collection mechanism includes a rectifier bridge 10 for converting the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric vibrator 2 into direct current and a capacitor 11 for storing the converted direct current.
[0047] In some embodiments, the springs of the shape memory alloy spring group are all made of NiTi-based shape memory alloy. The spring has an outer diameter of 17 mm, a wire diameter of 1.2 mm, a contracted length of 15 mm at room temperature, and a phase transition temperature of 55°C, which is the temperature at which the shape memory alloy spring changes from martensite to austenite, and is also the critical temperature at which the shape memory alloy spring begins to change shape, i.e., elongation and contraction.
[0048] In some embodiments, the plurality of shape memory alloy spring groups are evenly fixed on the rotating part.
[0049] The working principle of the energy harvester provided in any of the above embodiments is as follows:
[0050] The shape memory alloy spring is heated by the heat energy generated by hot water. The height of the hot water should be kept so that two springs can be immersed at the same time. At this time, two springs are heated. Due to the shape memory effect of the shape memory alloy, one spring is heated and stretched, and the other spring is heated and shortened, which will generate torque to drive the toggle wheel 6 and the driven wheel 12 to rotate. When one group of springs rotates out of the water, another group of the same springs will rotate into the water, which can ensure the continuity of the rotational motion. When the toggle wheel 6 rotates, it will also drive the toggle rod 9 thereon to rotate; the piezoelectric vibrator 2 is embedded in the bracket 1. When the toggle rod 9 rotates, the toggle rod 9 and the piezoelectric vibrator 2 contact each other, causing the piezoelectric vibrator 2 to deform. Due to the principle of the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, the piezoelectric vibrator generates electrical energy, thereby realizing power generation.
[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A piezoelectric energy harvester driven by a shape memory alloy, characterized in that: The piezoelectric energy harvester comprises: A driving mechanism for providing power; A power generation mechanism, used to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy when receiving power provided by the driving mechanism; The energy collection mechanism is used to rectify and store the electrical energy generated by the power generation mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a plurality of shape memory alloy spring groups and a rotating part that rotates by utilizing the torque generated by the deformation of the shape memory alloy spring groups. The power generation mechanism includes a piezoelectric vibrator that is deformed after being hit by a rotating part, and the piezoelectric vibrator generates voltage after being deformed.
2. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy spring group includes shape memory alloy heating extension springs and shape memory alloy heating contraction springs. The shape memory alloy heating extension springs and shape memory alloy heating contraction springs in the plurality of shape memory alloy spring groups are installed alternately.
3. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating part includes a toggle wheel fixed to one end of the shape memory alloy spring group, a driven wheel fixed to the other end of the shape memory alloy spring group, a toggle rod arranged on the toggle wheel for striking the piezoelectric vibrator, and a bent shaft that passes through the driven wheel and the toggle wheel and is assembled on the power generation mechanism. The bent shaft is provided with two sections of mounting shafts with parallel axes, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are mounted on different mounting shafts.
4. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driven wheel is fixed to the bent shaft through a bearing. A bearing hole is provided at the center of the driven wheel. The bearing hole and the outer ring of the bearing are tightly assembled and bonded by curing glue. The bent shaft and the inner ring of the bearing are interference fit.
5. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driven wheel and the driving wheel are both provided with circular holes for fixing the shape memory alloy spring group.
6. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation mechanism also includes a base and a bracket installed on the base for fixing the piezoelectric vibrator, and the bracket is also used for assembling the rotating part.
7. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The center of the bracket is provided with an assembly hole for assembling the rotating part, the bending axis of the rotating part is tightly assembled with the assembly hole and bonded by curing glue, and the outer side of the bracket disc is provided with a square hole for embedding the piezoelectric vibrator.
8. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy collection mechanism includes a rectifier bridge for converting the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric vibrator into direct current and a capacitor for storing the converted direct current.
9. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The springs of the shape memory alloy spring group are all made of NiTi-based shape memory alloy.
10. The shape memory alloy driven piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of shape memory alloy spring groups are evenly fixed on the rotating part.