Photovoltaic module, photovoltaic module system and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic module system and a construction method, which belong to the field of photovoltaic technology. A photovoltaic module includes a bottom plate, a frame group, and a photovoltaic panel. The frame group is slidably connected with a photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel can slide back and forth in the frame group. When the photovoltaic panel slides backward, there is a gap between the photovoltaic panel and the frame group. The bottom plate is arranged in the frame group and is located below the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic module system includes a plurality of the above-mentioned photovoltaic modules, and the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction overlap each other, and the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are stacked up and down in an offset manner. The present invention arranges a sliding photovoltaic panel in the frame group. When the sliding photovoltaic panel is installed, a gap can be formed between the sliding photovoltaic panel and the front side wall of the frame group, providing a foothold for the installer, thereby improving safety and comfort. The risk of hidden cracks in the photovoltaic panel caused by stepping on the photovoltaic panel during construction is reduced. The installation convenience of the photovoltaic module is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic module system and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic module system is to lay photovoltaic modules on the roof, convert solar energy into electrical energy, so as to achieve the purpose of using light energy to generate electricity. It is a new way of power generation and comprehensive energy utilization with broad development prospects, suitable for civil buildings, commercial buildings, public buildings and other places. The application of existing products on the market in this field is mainly through the cooperation of conventional simple frames and photovoltaic panels, and at the same time, it is installed on the roof in combination with connectors and fixings. Its key technologies are the erection of photovoltaic modules, the reasonable setting of the arrangement interval of modules, the treatment and setting of waterproof layer, etc. The erection of photovoltaic modules refers to the setting of inlay or overhead setting along the slope according to the requirements of architectural design, so that it can obtain maximum electrical energy. The setting of the arrangement interval of modules means that the shadow of the front row of photovoltaic modules should not affect the normal operation of the rear row of photovoltaic modules; waterproof setting means that when using photovoltaic modules to achieve solar power generation, it is necessary to avoid adverse effects such as leakage, water accumulation, and dust accumulation.

[0003] The photovoltaic modules of the existing photovoltaic module system use the space on the roof of the house and are installed through hooks, steel brackets and other structural parts. Although photovoltaic technology has made great progress, there are still some problems with the existing roof photovoltaic modules, mainly including: insufficient waterproofness of the roof, poor installation convenience, troublesome later maintenance, and inconsistency with the original building appearance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic module system and a construction method to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A photovoltaic assembly provided by the present invention includes a base plate, a frame group, and a photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel is slidably connected in the frame group. The photovoltaic panel can slide back and forth in the frame group. When the photovoltaic panel slides backward, there is a gap between the photovoltaic panel and the frame group. The base plate is arranged in the frame group and is located below the photovoltaic panel.

[0007] Preferably, the frame group includes a first frame and a second frame, the inner sides of the first frame and the second frame are both provided with a first slide groove, the left and right side walls of the photovoltaic panel are both connected with a sub-frame, and are slidably connected to the first slide groove through the sub-frame.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a limiting spring piece, and the inner sides of the first frame and the second frame are also provided with a second slide groove, the second slide groove is connected to the first slide groove, the limiting spring piece is slidably connected to the second slide groove, and the top end of the limiting spring piece is against the sub-frame.

[0009] Preferably, the first sliding groove has a first limiting portion in it, and the sub-frame has a second limiting portion that cooperates with the first limiting portion.

[0010] Preferably, a first glue groove is provided at a corner in the sub-frame.

[0011] Preferably, the base plate includes a plate body and a first card portion, the inner sides of the first frame and the second frame have a second card portion that cooperates with the first card portion, the plate body is detachably connected to the frame group through the cooperation between the first card portion and the second card portion, and the plate body is located below the photovoltaic panel.

[0012] Preferably, the plate body has a bump protruding upward, and the bump has a first installation position.

[0013] Preferably, the frame group further includes a third frame and a fastener. The third frame is inserted into the first slide groove and is detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame via the fastener. A drainage space is provided between the bottom plate and the third frame.

[0014] Preferably, the frame group also includes a fourth frame, which is arranged on a side of the board away from the third frame, inserted into the first slide groove, and detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame by fasteners, and the fourth frame fits tightly against the board.

[0015] Preferably, the third frame and the fourth frame both include a vertical frame and a horizontal frame connected to each other, the horizontal frame is inserted into the first sliding groove, and the vertical frame abuts against the ends of the first frame and the second frame.

[0016] Preferably, a waterproof rubber strip is also included, and the bottom of the third frame has an installation groove for installing the waterproof rubber strip and a receiving groove for accommodating the squeezed and shrunk waterproof rubber strip.

[0017] Preferably, the waterproof rubber strip includes a mounting portion and a deformation portion which are connected to each other, the mounting portion is installed in the mounting groove, at least a portion of the deformation portion is located in the accommodating groove, the deformation portion includes a first inclined wall, a second inclined wall, and a contact wall, one end of the first inclined wall is connected to the mounting portion, one end of the second inclined wall is connected to the contact wall, the other end of the first inclined wall is connected to the other end of the second inclined wall, and there is a deformation space between the mounting portion and the contact wall.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes a water retaining member, which includes a clamping portion and an extension portion. The clamping portion is clamped at the rear end of the photovoltaic panel, and the connection is sealed. The upper part of the clamping portion has an extension portion extending forward or upward, and there is a water retaining space between the extension portion extending forward and the photovoltaic panel.

[0019] Preferably, the inner side wall of the clamping portion above the photovoltaic panel has a plurality of second glue grooves.

[0020] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic module system, comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned photovoltaic modules, wherein the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the transverse direction are overlapped, and the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction are stacked in an offset manner.

[0021] Preferably, the frame group includes a first frame and a second frame, the first frame of a photovoltaic component overlaps with the second frame of an adjacent photovoltaic component, the first frame has a second groove and a first wall, the second frame has a first convex portion matching the second groove, the second groove includes a first groove wall surface, a second groove wall surface, and a third groove wall surface, one side of the second groove wall surface is connected to the first groove wall surface, the other side of the second groove wall surface is connected to the third groove wall surface, the third groove wall surface is connected to the wall surface of the second frame of the first wall close to the adjacent photovoltaic component, and the connection is located above the second groove wall surface, and the first groove wall surface and the wall surface of the second frame of the first wall close to the adjacent photovoltaic component are staggered.

[0022] Preferably, the third groove wall surface is inclined.

[0023] Preferably, the second frame has a second wall that fits tightly with the first wall.

[0024] Preferably, the first frame has a water guiding portion, the water guiding portion is connected to the bottom end of the first wall, a water guiding space is formed between the water guiding portion and the second frame, and the water guiding space has a drain port.

[0025] Preferably, the second frame has a second convex portion or a third groove. When the second frame has a second convex portion, the water guiding part has a third groove or a second convex portion, and a baffle channel is provided between the third groove or the second convex portion of the water guiding part and the second convex portion of the second frame. When the second frame has a third groove, the water guiding part has a second convex portion or a third groove, and a baffle channel is provided between the second convex portion or the third groove of the water guiding part and the third groove of the second frame.

[0026] Preferably, the frame group also includes a third frame and fasteners. The inner sides of the first frame and the second frame are both provided with a first slide groove. The third frame is inserted into the first slide groove and is detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame through fasteners. The third frame has a water inlet connected to the drain outlet, and the interior of the third frame has a drainage channel connected to the water inlet.

[0027] Preferably, there is a drainage space between the bottom plate and the third frame, and a water inlet space between the photovoltaic panel and the frame group. The drainage space of the photovoltaic assembly located above and the water inlet space of the photovoltaic assembly located below are arranged relative to each other up and down, so that rainwater on the bottom plate of the photovoltaic assembly located above can pass through its drainage space and enter the bottom plate of the photovoltaic assembly located below via the water inlet space of the photovoltaic assembly located below.

[0028] Preferably, it further comprises a windproof component, one end of which abuts against the bottom plate located above, and the other end of which is fixed to or abuts against the bottom plate located below.

[0029] Preferably, the bottom plate includes a plate body, one end of the windproof and uncovering member abuts against the plate body located above, and the other end of the windproof and uncovering member is fixed to the plate body located below by a fastener.

[0030] Preferably, the base plate includes a plate body and a baffle, and one end of the plate body away from the third frame is bent upward from the plate body to form a baffle, and the baffle is connected to the first frame and the second frame through fasteners, and one end of the windproof component rests on the plate body located above, and the other end of the windproof component rests on the baffle located below.

[0031] Preferably, one end of the plate body away from the third frame is bent upward from the plate body to form a water retaining portion, and the water retaining portion is connected to the first frame and the second frame through a fastener.

[0032] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic module system construction method, comprising the following steps: in the horizontal direction, adjacent photovoltaic modules are overlapped with each other, and in the vertical direction, adjacent photovoltaic modules are stacked in an offset manner up and down. When the photovoltaic modules are stacked in an offset manner up and down, before installing the next photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic panel of the previous photovoltaic module is pushed back to form a gap between the photovoltaic panel and the lower side wall of the frame group, providing a foothold for the installers when installing the subsequent photovoltaic modules. Before the construction of the photovoltaic module system is completed, the photovoltaic panels of all photovoltaic modules are pushed forward to their original positions.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. By setting a sliding photovoltaic panel in the frame group, a gap can be formed between the sliding photovoltaic panel and the front side wall of the frame group during installation, providing a foothold for the installers, improving safety and comfort. It reduces the risk of hidden cracks in the photovoltaic panel caused by stepping on the photovoltaic panel during construction. This structure greatly improves the installation convenience of photovoltaic modules.

[0035] 2. By setting up the base plate, it can play the dual functions of waterproofing and drainage, ensuring the service life of the original roof layer.

[0036] 3. By setting the secondary frame, the friction between the photovoltaic panel and the first frame and the second frame is avoided during the sliding process of the photovoltaic panel, thereby extending the service life of the photovoltaic panel.

[0037] 4. The design of the limiting protrusion matches the limiting groove, which plays a limiting role and prevents the photovoltaic panel from slipping to the greatest extent.

[0038] 5. The limiting spring piece plays the role of sliding, limiting and supporting waterproofing during the assembly process.

[0039] 6. The setting of the first glue groove can ensure the amount of structural glue left, so as to improve the firmness of the photovoltaic module.

[0040] 7. The bumps come into play after the screws are tightened, effectively preventing water from flowing into the bottom along the holes of the board, thereby preventing water leakage.

[0041] 8. Due to the setting of the drainage space, when the photovoltaic panels slide backwards to provide a foothold for the installers, the installers will not step on the photovoltaic panels or the bottom plate, thus reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the overall photovoltaic components.

[0042] 9. The horizontal frame can not only dock with the first slide slot to form a stable overlap, but also provide good support for the installer. When the installer steps on the third and fourth frames during the installation process, the horizontal frame can provide additional load-bearing capacity, ensuring that the installer has a stable platform for operation.

[0043] 10. Through the arrangement of the first inclined wall, the second inclined wall and the deformation space of the deformation part, when the contact wall is subjected to an upward force, the deformation part can be deformed, shrink to reduce the height of the waterproof strip, and can be retracted into the accommodating groove, thereby avoiding raising the overall height of the photovoltaic module system due to misaligned stacking during installation of the photovoltaic modules, and eliminating the problem of increasing the gap between the upper and lower photovoltaic modules caused by the waterproof strip. The function of the waterproof strip is to act as a barrier between the gaps generated by the upper and lower photovoltaic modules when the photovoltaic modules are installed and used, thereby preventing water from entering.

[0044] 11. The water retaining parts are used together with the waterproof rubber strips to form an effective barrier above the photovoltaic panels, preventing the direct wind pressure from causing a large amount of water to flow into the bottom plate area, thereby reducing the drainage pressure of the bottom plate.

[0045] 12. The second adhesive groove increases friction and facilitates the construction of structural adhesive.

[0046] 13. The overlapping and staggered stacking method is adopted, so that in the later maintenance, the problem-prone part can be removed, thus avoiding the situation where the entire photovoltaic module needs to be dismantled due to a problem with one module.

[0047] 14. When rainwater penetrates from the lap joint between the first groove wall and the first convex part, the third groove wall can prevent rainwater from further penetrating, forming the first structural waterproofing measure, achieving waterproofing in a structural coordination manner, changing the traditional waterproofing method of waterproof strips, and avoiding rainwater caused by aging of waterproof strips from penetrating back into the original roof layer from the aging, failure and damaged parts, causing damage to the roof.

[0048] 15. The clever design of staggered overlap not only effectively avoids the risk of water directly penetrating into the roof through the gap when the product is working normally, but also provides action feedback to the installer.

[0049] 16. The first wall and the second wall that fit closely together have a certain tension, forming a second structural waterproofing measure.

[0050] 17. The water-conducting space can buffer the infiltration of rainwater on the one hand, and can drain the rainwater that has infiltrated into the water-conducting space through the drainage port on the other hand, which not only forms the third structural waterproof measure, but also forms a structural drainage measure. Combining waterproofing and drainage can greatly improve the waterproofing performance and avoid water seepage damage to the roof.

[0051] 18. The setting of the baffle channel can slow down the water flow speed, further prevent the rainwater from rising, and form the fourth structural waterproofing measure.

[0052] 19. The wind-proof component connects the upper and lower base plates together. When the wind blows upward from the bottom, it can prevent the photovoltaic components from being lifted up by the wind due to uneven force on the base plate, greatly improving safety.

[0053] 20. The connection points of the upper and lower photovoltaic modules are set on the base plate instead of the photovoltaic panels. There is no need to set the installation position of the photovoltaic panels, and the photovoltaic panels will not be blocked, so the installation is convenient.

[0054] 21. A combination of waterproof rubber strips and water retaining parts is used to form a combination of rubber strip waterproofing and structural waterproofing, which has a good waterproofing effect.

[0055] 22. The baffle replaces the fourth frame in the first embodiment and is directly formed integrally with the bottom plate, thereby improving the waterproof sealing performance of the plate body and the convenience of installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention (initial state).

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention (the photovoltaic panel is pushed backward).

[0058] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention (the bottom plate is not shown, and the photovoltaic panel is pushed backward).

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention (the bottom plate and the water retaining member are not shown).

[0060] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the base plate of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure of the second frame, the limiting spring piece, the sub-frame, and the photovoltaic panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the second frame of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a secondary frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of a horizontal frame and a first frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Fig.10 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a waterproof rubber strip according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Fig.11 It is a left-view structural diagram of the third frame of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Fig.12 It is a left-view structural schematic diagram (initial state) of the third frame and the waterproof adhesive strip according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Fig.13 It is a left-view structural schematic diagram of the third frame and the waterproof rubber strip of the first embodiment of the present invention (the waterproof rubber strip is compressed into the accommodating groove).

[0069] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the waterproof rubber strip, the third frame, the first frame, and the photovoltaic panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of a waterproof rubber strip, a third frame, a photovoltaic panel, and a water retaining member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a water retaining member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic module system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the first frame and the second frame of the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other on the left and right in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first frame of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure of the first frame, the second frame, the third frame, and the fourth frame of the photovoltaic components adjacent to each other on the left and right according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Fig.21 yes Fig. 20 A is an enlarged schematic diagram.

[0077] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of drainage spaces and water inlet spaces of upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic modules according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional coordination structure of the photovoltaic components and the windproof component adjacent to each other in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the matching structure of the upper and lower adjacent bottom plates and the windproof lifting components according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] Fig.25 yes Fig.24 A magnified schematic diagram of B.

[0081] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a windproof component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] Fig. 27 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the waterproof rubber strip, the third frame, the photovoltaic panel, and the water retaining member according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional coordination structure of the upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic modules and the windproof lifting member according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] Fig.29 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional coordination structure of the upper and lower adjacent bottom plates and the windproof lifting components according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Fig.30 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the windproof lifting component of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Fig.31 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the first frame and the second frame of the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the left and right according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Fig.32This is a schematic diagram of the first row of photovoltaic modules after construction is completed according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Fig.33 It is a schematic diagram of the construction of the second row of photovoltaic modules according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Fig.34 This is a schematic diagram of the second row of photovoltaic modules after construction is completed according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] Fig.35 It is a schematic diagram of the construction of the third row of photovoltaic modules according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] Fig.36 It is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module system after construction is completed according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0092] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1-photovoltaic panel, 2-frame group, 3-bottom plate, 4-gap, 21-first frame, 22-second frame, 23-first slide groove, 5-sub-frame, 6-limiting spring, 24-second slide groove, 231-first limiting part, 51-second limiting part, 52-first glue groove, 31-plate body, 25-second clamping part, 32-bump, 33-first mounting position, 35-first clamping part, 26-third frame, 7-fastener, 8-drainage space, 27-fourth frame, 9-vertical frame, 10-horizontal frame, 11-waterproof rubber strip, 261-mounting groove, 262-accommodating groove, 111-mounting part, 112-deformation part, 1121-first inclined wall , 1122-second inclined wall, 1123-contact wall, 1124-deformation space, 12-water retaining member, 121-clamping portion, 122-extension portion, 124-water retaining space, 125-second glue groove, 211-second groove, 212-first wall, 221-first convex portion, 2111-first groove wall surface, 2112-second groove wall surface, 2113-third groove wall surface, 222-second wall, 213-water guiding portion, 13-water guiding space, 14-drainage outlet, 223-second convex portion, 224-third groove, 15-baffle channel, 263-water inlet, 264-drainage channel, 16-water inlet space, 17-windproof lifting component, 34-baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0094] Contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0095] Embodiment 1:

[0096] like Figures 1 to 26 As shown, a photovoltaic component provided in this embodiment includes a base plate 3, a frame group 2, and a photovoltaic panel 1. The photovoltaic panel 1 is slidably connected in the frame group 2. The photovoltaic panel 1 can slide back and forth in the frame group 2. When the photovoltaic panel 1 slides backward, a gap 4 is provided between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the frame group 2. The base plate 3 is arranged in the frame group 2 and is located below the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0097] By arranging the sliding photovoltaic panel 1 in the frame group, the sliding photovoltaic panel 1 can form a gap 4 with the front side wall of the frame group 2 during installation, providing a foothold for the installer, thereby improving safety and comfort. The risk of hidden cracks in the photovoltaic panel 1 caused by stepping on the photovoltaic panel 1 during construction is reduced. This structure greatly improves the installation convenience of the photovoltaic module.

[0098] Through the arrangement of the bottom plate 3, when water flows from the photovoltaic panel 1 to the bottom plate 3, the water will flow down along the bottom plate 3 and flow to the next photovoltaic module, and so on, until the last bottom plate 3, and then be discharged. The bottom plate 3 has the dual functions of waterproofing and drainage, ensuring the service life of the original roof layer.

[0099] The frame group 2 includes a first frame 21 and a second frame 22. The first frame 21 in the frame group 2 is located on the right side of the second frame 22. The first frame 21 and the second frame 22 are provided with a first slide groove 23 on their inner sides. The left and right side walls of the photovoltaic panel 1 are connected with a sub-frame 5, and the sub-frame 5 is slidably connected with the first slide groove 23. The sub-frame 5 is provided to be used in conjunction with the photovoltaic panel 1. Its main function is to avoid friction between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 during the sliding process of the photovoltaic panel 1, thereby extending the service life of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0100] The first frame 21 and the second frame 22 also include a limiting spring piece 6. The inner sides of the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 are also provided with a second slide groove 24. The second slide groove 24 is connected to the first slide groove 23. The limiting spring piece 6 is slidably connected to the second slide groove 24, and the top of the limiting spring piece 6 is against the sub-frame 5. The first slide groove 23 has a first limiting portion 231, and the sub-frame 5 has a second limiting portion 51 that cooperates with the first limiting portion 231. In this embodiment, the first limiting portion 231 is a limiting groove, and the second limiting portion 51 is a limiting protrusion. The design of the limiting protrusion matches the limiting groove, plays a limiting role, and prevents the photovoltaic panel 1 from slipping off to the greatest extent.

[0101] The limiting spring piece 6 plays an important role in sliding, limiting and supporting waterproofing during the assembly process. It can enable relative sliding and limiting between the sub-frame 5 and the first frame 21 and the second frame 22. In this embodiment, a staggered overlap is formed between the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion. The limiting spring piece 6 applies an upward elastic force to make the staggered overlap between the limiting protrusion on the sub-frame 5 and the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 tighter, thereby achieving a better fitting effect. This fitting performance not only makes the frame have higher waterproof performance, but also can effectively resist the impact of direct inflow of strong wind.

[0102] A first adhesive groove 52 is provided at a corner in the sub-frame 5 to ensure a sufficient amount of structural adhesive so as to improve the firmness of the photovoltaic module.

[0103] The bottom plate 3 includes a plate body 31 and a first clamping portion 35. The inner sides of the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 have a second clamping portion 25 that cooperates with the first clamping portion 35. The plate body 31 is detachably connected to the frame assembly 2 through the cooperation between the first clamping portion 35 and the second clamping portion 25. The plate body 31 is located below the photovoltaic panel 1. The first clamping portion 35 of this embodiment is a clamping strip disposed on the left and right sides of the plate body 31. The first clamping portion 35 is formed by bending the plate body 31 upward, and the second clamping portion 25 is a clamping slot. The cooperation between the clamping strip and the clamping slot facilitates assembly and disassembly.

[0104] The plate body 31 has a protruding block 32 protruding upward, and the protruding block 32 has a first mounting position 33. The first mounting position 33 of this embodiment is a threaded hole, which is used to screw other structural parts, such as the windproof component 17. The protruding block plays a role after the screw is tightened, effectively preventing water from penetrating into the bottom along the hole of the plate body 31, thereby preventing water leakage.

[0105] Among them, the frame group 2 also includes a third frame 26, a fourth frame 27, and a fastener 7. The third frame 26 is inserted into the first chute 23 and is detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame through the fastener 7. There is a drainage space 8 between the bottom plate 3 and the third frame 26. The fourth frame 27 is arranged on the rear side of the plate body 31. The fourth frame 27 is inserted into the first chute 23 and is detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame through the fastener 7. The fourth frame 27 is tightly fitted with the plate body 31. The fastener 7 of this embodiment is a screw. The tight fit between the fourth frame 27 and the plate body 31 plays a waterproof and sealing role. The setting of the drainage space 8 facilitates rainwater to slide down and be discharged from the drainage space 8. The frame structure surrounding the photovoltaic panel 1 is formed by the first frame 21, the second frame 22, the third frame 26, and the fourth frame 27. Combined with the bottom plate 3 structure arranged below the photovoltaic panel 1, a good waterproof and drainage effect is achieved. And due to the setting of the drainage space 8, when the photovoltaic panel 1 slides backward to provide a foothold for the installers, the installers will not step on the photovoltaic panel 1 or the bottom plate 3, thereby reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the overall photovoltaic assembly.

[0106] Wherein, the third frame 26 and the fourth frame 27 both include a vertical frame 9 and a horizontal frame 10 connected to each other, and the horizontal frame 10 is inserted into the first slide groove 23 and closely matches the first slide groove 23 to form a stable overlap. The vertical frame 9 abuts against the ends of the first frame 21 and the second frame 22. Through the setting of the horizontal frame 10, it can not only dock with the first slide groove 23 to form a stable overlap, but also provide good support for the installer. When the installer steps on the third frame 26 and the fourth frame 27 during the installation process, the horizontal frame 10 can provide additional load-bearing capacity to ensure that the installer has a stable platform to operate.

[0107] The waterproof rubber strip 11 is also included. The bottom of the third frame 26 has a mounting groove 261 for mounting the waterproof rubber strip 11 and a receiving groove 262 for accommodating the squeezed and shrunk waterproof rubber strip 11. The waterproof rubber strip 11 includes a mounting portion 111 and a deformable portion 112 connected to each other. The mounting portion 111 is mounted in the mounting groove 261. At least a portion of the deformable portion 112 is located in the receiving groove 262. The deformable portion 112 includes a first inclined wall 1121, a second inclined wall 1122, and a contact wall 1123. The contact wall 1123 is horizontally arranged. The upper end of the first inclined wall 1121 is connected to the mounting portion 111, the lower end of the second inclined wall 1122 is connected to the contact wall 1123, the lower end of the first inclined wall 1121 is connected to the upper end of the second inclined wall 1122, and a deformation space 1124 is provided between the mounting portion 111 and the contact wall 1123. By setting the first inclined wall 1121, the second inclined wall 1122 and the deformation space 1124 of the deformation part 112, when the contact wall 1123 is subjected to an upward force, the deformation part 112 can be deformed, shrinking to reduce the height of the waterproof strip 11, and can be retracted into the accommodating groove, thereby avoiding raising the overall height of the photovoltaic module system due to misaligned stacking during installation of the photovoltaic modules, and eliminating the problem of increasing the gap between the upper and lower photovoltaic modules caused by the waterproof strip 11. The function of the waterproof strip 11 is to serve as a barrier between the gaps generated by the upper and lower photovoltaic modules when the photovoltaic modules are installed and used, thereby preventing water from entering.

[0108] The water retaining member 12 is also included. The water retaining member 12 includes a clamping portion 121 and an extension portion 122. The clamping portion 121 is clamped at the rear end of the photovoltaic panel 1, and the connection is sealed. The upper part of the clamping portion 121 has an extension portion 122 extending upward, forming an inverted F-shaped design. When used with the waterproof rubber strip 11, an effective barrier is formed above the photovoltaic panel 1 to prevent a large amount of water from entering the bottom plate 3 area due to direct wind pressure, thereby reducing the drainage pressure of the bottom plate 3. The water retaining member 12 serves as a waterproof barrier after the waterproof rubber strip 11 fails without affecting the sliding stroke of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0109] The inner side wall of the clamping portion 121 above the photovoltaic panel 1 has a plurality of second adhesive grooves 125 , and the second adhesive grooves 125 increase the friction force and facilitate the construction of the structural adhesive.

[0110] This embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module system, including a plurality of the above photovoltaic modules, wherein the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are overlapped, and the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are stacked in an offset manner. By adopting the overlapping and stacking manner, it is possible to realize "remove the module that has a problem" during later maintenance, thereby avoiding the situation where the entire photovoltaic module needs to be disassembled due to a problem with one module.

[0111] The frame group 2 includes a first frame 21 and a second frame 22. The first frame 21 of a photovoltaic module overlaps with the second frame 22 of an adjacent photovoltaic module. The first frame 21 has a second groove 211 and a first wall 212. The second frame 22 has a first convex portion 221 that matches the second groove 211. The second groove 211 is located at the top of the first frame 21, and the first wall 212 is located on the right side of the first frame 21. The second groove 211 includes a first groove wall surface 2111, a second groove wall surface 2112, and a third groove wall surface 2113. The left side of the second groove wall surface 2112 is connected to the first groove wall surface 2111, and the right side of the second groove wall surface 2112 is connected to the third groove wall surface 2113. The third groove wall surface 2113 is connected to the right wall surface of the first wall 212, and the connection is located above the second groove wall surface 2112. The first groove wall surface 2111 and the right wall surface of the first wall 212 are staggered. In this embodiment, the first groove wall surface 2111 and the first wall 212 are both arranged vertically, and the third groove wall surface 2113 is arranged to be inclined toward the upper right.

[0112] Through the cooperation of the first protrusion 221 and the second groove 211, the lap stability of the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 is achieved, and a lap joint is formed between the two. When rainwater penetrates from the lap joint between the first groove wall 2111 and the first protrusion 221, the third groove wall 2113 can prevent rainwater from further penetrating, forming a first structural waterproof measure, achieving waterproofing in a structural coordination manner, changing the traditional waterproofing method of waterproofing strips, and avoiding rainwater caused by aging of waterproofing strips from infiltrating the original roofing layer from the aging failure damage to cause damage to the roof. The clever design of misaligned lap joints is used, which not only effectively avoids the risk of water directly penetrating from the gap to the roof when the product is working normally, but also provides action feedback to the installer.

[0113] The second frame 22 has a second wall 222 that is tightly fitted with the first wall 212. If rainwater flows along the first wall 212 through the third groove wall 2113, the tightly fitted first wall 212 and second wall 222 have a certain tension, forming a second structural waterproof measure.

[0114] The first frame 21 has a water guide 213, which is connected to the bottom of the first wall 212. A water guide space 13 is formed between the water guide 213 and the second frame 22. Both the front and rear ends of the water guide space 13 have drainage ports 14. The water guide space 13 is provided to buffer the penetration of rainwater on the one hand, and to drain the rainwater that has penetrated into the water guide space 13 through the drainage ports 14 on the other hand, forming not only a third structural waterproof measure, but also a structural drainage measure. The combination of waterproofing and drainage greatly improves the waterproof performance and avoids water seepage damage to the roof.

[0115] The second frame 22 of this embodiment has a second convex portion 223, the water guide portion 213 has a third groove 224, and a baffle channel 15 is provided between the third groove 224 of the water guide portion 213 and the second convex portion 223 of the second frame 22. The baffle channel 15 can be provided to slow down the water flow speed, further prevent rainwater from rising, and form a fourth structural waterproof measure. Through the above-mentioned three-blocking and one-draining structural waterproof measures, the best waterproof effect at the connection between the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 is achieved.

[0116] The frame group 2 further includes a third frame 26 and a fastener 7. The first frame 21 and the second frame 22 are provided with a first chute 23 on their inner sides. The third frame 26 is inserted into the first chute 23 and is detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame through the fastener 7. The third frame 26 has a water inlet 263 connected to the drain port 14. The third frame 26 has a drainage channel 264 inside. The drainage channel 264 is connected to the water inlet 263 and penetrates along the length direction of the third frame 26. Rainwater discharged from the water-guiding space 13 enters the drainage channel 264 through the water inlet 263 and is finally discharged from the left and right outlets through the drainage channel 264.

[0117] Among them, there is a drainage space 8 between the bottom plate 3 and the third frame 26, and a water inlet space 16 between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the frame group 2. The drainage space 8 of the photovoltaic component located above and the water inlet space 16 of the photovoltaic component located below are arranged opposite to each other up and down, so that rainwater on the bottom plate 3 of the photovoltaic component located above can pass through its drainage space 8 and enter the bottom plate 3 of the photovoltaic component located below via the water inlet space 16 of the photovoltaic component located below.

[0118] The windproof component 17 is also included. The upper end of the windproof component 17 abuts against the bottom plate 3 located above, and the lower end of the windproof component 17 is fixed to or abuts against the bottom plate 3 located below.

[0119] The bottom plate 3 of this embodiment includes a plate body 31, the upper end of the windproof member 17 abuts against the plate body 31 located above, and the lower end of the windproof member 17 is fixed to the plate body 31 located below. The windproof member 17 is a structure formed by bending a sheet metal into a Z-shape. The windproof member 17 is fixed to the plate body 31 located below by screws. Specifically, the windproof member 17 is fixed to the protrusion 32 by the cooperation of the screws and the first mounting position 33. In this way, the upper and lower bottom plates 3 are connected together by the Z-shaped windproof member 17. When the wind blows upward from the bottom, it can prevent the bottom plate 3 from being lifted by the wind due to uneven force, thereby greatly improving safety. The method of fixing one end and abutting the other end is not only convenient for installation, but also has a good anti-wind effect. The connection point of the upper and lower photovoltaic modules is set on the bottom plate 3, not on the photovoltaic panel 1, so there is no need to set the mounting position of the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel 1 will not be blocked, which is convenient for installation.

[0120] The present embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module system construction method, including the following steps: in the horizontal direction, adjacent photovoltaic modules are overlapped with each other, and in the vertical direction, adjacent photovoltaic modules are stacked up and down in an offset manner. When stacking photovoltaic modules up and down in an offset manner, before installing the next photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic panel of the previous photovoltaic module is pushed back to form a gap between the photovoltaic panel and the lower side wall of the frame group, providing a foothold for the installers to install the subsequent photovoltaic modules. Before the construction of the photovoltaic module system is completed, the photovoltaic panels of all photovoltaic modules are pushed forward to return to their original positions. Specifically, the photovoltaic panels of the previous photovoltaic module can be pushed forward to return to their original positions after the next photovoltaic module is installed; or the photovoltaic panels can be pushed forward to return to their original positions after all photovoltaic modules are installed. When replacing photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic panels of the photovoltaic modules required to land on the replacement path are pushed back to provide a foothold. After the replacement is completed, the photovoltaic panels need to be pushed back to their original positions.

[0121] The specific construction method steps of this embodiment are:

[0122] In the front row of the installation area, overlap the photovoltaic modules horizontally from left to right to complete the installation of the first row of photovoltaic modules. Fig.32 Then install the second row of photovoltaic modules and stack them on the first row of photovoltaic modules. When installing the last photovoltaic module, push the photovoltaic panel of the previous photovoltaic module backwards to provide a foothold, as shown in the figure below. Fig.33 The installation is also carried out from left to right until the second row of photovoltaic modules is completed. Fig.34 This process is repeated until the installation of the photovoltaic module system is completed. Before the construction of the photovoltaic module system is completed, push the photovoltaic panels of all photovoltaic modules back to their original positions. Figure 35-36 shown.

[0123] Embodiment 2:

[0124] like Figures 27 to 31 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that:

[0125] The upper part of the clamping part 121 has an extension part 122 extending forward, and a water retaining space 124 is provided between the extension part 122 and the photovoltaic panel 1. The water retaining space 124 is provided to retain water and prevent rainwater from entering the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 1. The combination of the waterproof rubber strip 11 and the water retaining member forms a combined waterproofing of the rubber strip and the structural waterproofing, and has a good waterproofing effect.

[0126] The bottom plate 3 includes a plate body 31 and a baffle 34. The rear end of the plate body 31 is bent upward from the plate body 31 to form the baffle 34. The baffle 34 is connected to the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 through the fastener 7. The upper end of the windproof member 17 abuts against the plate body 31 located above, and the lower end of the windproof member 17 abuts against the baffle 34 located below. The baffle 34 replaces the fourth frame 27 in the first embodiment, and the baffle 34 is directly formed integrally with the bottom plate 3, thereby improving the waterproof sealing of the plate body 31. It also improves the convenience of installation. The windproof member 17 of this embodiment is concave.

[0127] In this embodiment, the second frame 22 has a second convex portion 223 , the water guide portion 213 has a second convex portion 223 , and a deflection channel 15 is provided between the second convex portion 223 of the water guide portion 213 and the second convex portion 223 of the second frame 22 .

[0128] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0129] 1. Improve structural stability: Strengthen and innovate the structure of the photovoltaic module frame to improve the overall stability, which can better resist external pressure and turbulence under harsh climatic conditions.

[0130] 2. Enhanced waterproof performance: The combination of structural waterproofing and multi-channel drainage can effectively prevent water from penetrating into the original roof structure, thereby reducing the potential damage and failure risks of the original roof structure.

[0131] 3. Convenient installation and subsequent maintenance: By optimizing the connection method and design, the installation process can be simplified, time and labor costs can be reduced, and the convenience of installation and subsequent maintenance of photovoltaic modules can be improved.

[0132] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: Including a base plate, a frame group, and a photovoltaic panel; A photovoltaic panel is slidably connected in the frame group, and the photovoltaic panel can slide forward and backward in the frame group. When the photovoltaic panel slides backward, there is a gap between the photovoltaic panel and the front side wall of the frame group; The bottom plate is arranged on the frame group and is located below the photovoltaic panel.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame group includes a first frame and a second frame; The first frame and the second frame are both provided with a first sliding groove on their inner sides; The left and right side walls of the photovoltaic panel are both connected with sub-frames, and are slidably connected with the first sliding groove through the sub-frames.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting spring; A second slide groove is also provided on the inner sides of the first frame and the second frame, and the second slide groove is connected to the first slide groove; The limiting spring piece is slidably connected to the second sliding groove, and the top end of the limiting spring piece abuts against the sub-frame.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first slide groove has a first limiting portion in it, and the sub-frame has a second limiting portion that cooperates with the first limiting portion; A first glue groove is provided at a corner in the sub-frame.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom plate includes a plate body and a first clamping portion; The inner sides of the first frame and the second frame are provided with a second clamping portion cooperating with the first clamping portion, and the plate body is detachably connected to the frame group through the cooperation between the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion; The plate body is located below the photovoltaic panel; The plate body is provided with a convex block protruding upwards, and the convex block has a first installation position.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The frame group also includes a third frame and a fastener; The third frame is inserted into the first sliding groove and is detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame via fasteners; A drainage space is provided between the bottom plate and the third frame.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The frame group further includes a fourth frame; The fourth frame is arranged on a side of the plate away from the third frame; The fourth frame is inserted into the first sliding groove and is detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame through a fastener; The fourth frame is tightly fitted to the plate body; The third frame and the fourth frame both include vertical frames and horizontal frames connected to each other; The transverse frame is inserted into the first sliding groove, and the vertical frame abuts against the ends of the first frame and the second frame.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes waterproof strips and water retaining parts; The bottom of the third frame has an installation groove for installing the waterproof rubber strip, and a receiving groove for accommodating the squeezed and shrunk waterproof rubber strip; The waterproof rubber strip comprises a mounting portion and a deformation portion connected to each other; The mounting portion is mounted on the mounting groove; At least a portion of the deformation portion is located in the receiving groove; The deformation portion includes a first inclined wall, a second inclined wall, and a contact wall; One end of the first inclined wall is connected to the mounting portion; One end of the second inclined wall is connected to the contact wall; The other end of the first inclined wall is connected to the other end of the second inclined wall; A deformation space is provided between the mounting portion and the contact wall; The water retaining member comprises a clamping portion and an extending portion; The clamping part is clamped on the rear end of the photovoltaic panel, and the connection is sealed; The upper part of the clamping part has an extension part extending forward or upward, and a water retaining space is provided between the extension part extending forward and the photovoltaic panel; The inner side wall of the clamping portion above the photovoltaic panel has a plurality of second glue grooves.

9. A photovoltaic module system, characterized in that: A photovoltaic module comprising any one of claims 1 to 8; The photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the transverse direction are overlapped with each other, and the photovoltaic modules adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction are stacked in an offset manner up and down.

10. The photovoltaic module system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The frame group includes a first frame and a second frame; The first frame of one photovoltaic module overlaps with the second frame of an adjacent photovoltaic module; The first frame has a second groove and a first wall, and the second frame has a first protrusion matched with the second groove; The second groove includes a first groove wall surface, a second groove wall surface, and a third groove wall surface; One side of the second groove wall surface is connected to the first groove wall surface, and the other side of the second groove wall surface is connected to the third groove wall surface; The third groove wall is connected to the wall of the first wall close to the second frame of the adjacent photovoltaic component, and the connection is located above the second groove wall. The first groove wall and the first wall close to the wall of the second frame of the adjacent photovoltaic component are staggered.

11. The photovoltaic module system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The wall surface of the third groove is inclined; The second frame has a second wall that is closely fitted with the first wall; The first frame has a water guide portion, the water guide portion is connected to the bottom end of the first wall, and a water guide space is formed between the water guide portion and the second frame; The water-conducting space has a drainage outlet; The second frame has a second convex portion or a third concave portion; When the second frame has a second convex portion, the water guide has a third groove or a second convex portion, and a baffle channel is provided between the third groove or the second convex portion of the water guide and the second convex portion of the second frame; When the second frame has a third groove, the water guide has a second convex portion or a third groove, and a baffle channel is provided between the second convex portion or the third groove of the water guide and the third groove of the second frame; The frame group also includes a third frame and a fastener; The first frame and the second frame are both provided with a first sliding groove on their inner sides; The third frame is inserted into the first sliding groove and is detachably connected to the first frame and the second frame via fasteners; The third frame has a water inlet connected to the drain port; The interior of the third frame is provided with a drainage channel, and the drainage channel is communicated with the water inlet; There is a drainage space between the bottom plate and the third frame; There is a water inlet space between the photovoltaic panel and the frame group; The drainage space of the upper photovoltaic assembly and the water inlet space of the lower photovoltaic assembly are arranged relative to each other in an upper and lower direction, so that rainwater on the bottom plate of the upper photovoltaic assembly passes through its drainage space and enters the bottom plate of the lower photovoltaic assembly via the water inlet space of the lower photovoltaic assembly.

12. The photovoltaic module system according to claim 10, characterized in that: Also includes windproof uncovering components; One end of the windproof and lifting component abuts against the bottom plate located above, and the other end of the windproof and lifting component is fixed or abuts against the bottom plate located below.

13. The photovoltaic module system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The bottom plate includes a plate body, one end of the windproof member abuts against the plate body located above, and the other end of the windproof member is fixed to the plate body located below by a fastener; or, The bottom plate includes a plate body and a baffle, wherein one end of the plate body away from the third frame is bent upward from the plate body to form the baffle, and the baffle is connected to the first frame and the second frame through a fastener; One end of the windproof and lifting component abuts against the plate body located above, and the other end of the windproof and lifting component abuts against the baffle plate located below.

14. A photovoltaic module system construction method for installing the photovoltaic module system according to any one of claims 9 to 13, comprising the following steps: In the horizontal direction, adjacent photovoltaic modules are overlapped with each other; In the longitudinal direction, adjacent photovoltaic modules are stacked up and down in an offset manner; When stacking photovoltaic modules in an up-down offset manner, push the photovoltaic panel of the previous photovoltaic module backwards before installing the next photovoltaic module, so that a gap is formed between the photovoltaic panel and the lower side wall of the frame group, providing a foothold for the installers to install the subsequent photovoltaic modules; Before the construction of the photovoltaic module system is completed, push the photovoltaic panels of all photovoltaic modules back to their original positions.

Images