Method for regulating and controlling red crystalline substances of side stems of mesembryanthemum crystallinum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant factory planting, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling red crystalline substances of side stems of mesembryanthemum crystallinum, and provides a brand-new light formula method for mesembryanthemum crystallinum planting. The light quantum proportion range of the sum of red light (600-699 nm) and far-red light (700-780 nm) to blue light (400-499 m) in the spectrum is adjusted and controlled to be 1.86-2.33, the light quantum proportion range of the blue light (400-499 nm) at 380-780 nm is controlled to be 30-35%, the light quantum proportion range of the far-red light (700-780 nm) at 380-780 nm is controlled to be 5-10%, the light quantum proportion of the green light (500-599 nm) at 380-780 nm is zero, and the light quantum proportion range of the green light (500-599 nm) at 380-780 nm is controlled to be 0. Wherein the peak wavelength of the blue light is 450 nm, the peak wavelength of the red light is 680 nm, other spectrum proportions are matched, illumination time and illumination intensity are combined to form a brand new light environment regulation and control scheme, the content of side stem red crystals in the mesembryanthemum crystallinum in the plant factory can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile the nutritional value of the mesembryanthemum crystallinum is properly increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant factory planting, and in particular to a method for regulating and controlling red crystalline substances in the lateral stems of ice plants. Background Art

[0002] Ice vegetable, also known as ice grass, ice leaf and crystal flower, is an alkaline succulent plant native to Africa. It is a new vegetable variety introduced from abroad in recent years. It is characterized by a large number of bubble-like cells on the leaves and stems, which are filled with liquid, just like ice crystals, hence the name ice vegetable. The growth period of ice vegetable can reach about half a year. During the planting process, ice vegetable can be harvested many times because of its well-developed side stems. Ice vegetable is rich in nutrients such as vitamin C, vitamin K, folic acid and dietary fiber, and has low calories. Ice vegetable is rich in highly functional substances such as amino acids and antioxidants, and is rich in minerals such as sodium, potassium, and carotene. It embodies one of the characteristics of cabbage, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, etc. It is a vegetable with high nutritional value. At the same time, because it tastes slightly salty, it is deeply loved by salad vegetable consumers.

[0003] During the process of growing ice plants, researchers found ice plants with red crystals on one side of the stem. The red crystals on the side stems of ice plants are due to the accumulation of oxides or nutrients, that is, the accumulation of compounds such as natural pigments, carotenoids or flavonoids in the ice plant tissues. These compounds aggregate in the cells of the side stems to form crystals, thus showing red. Ice plants with red crystals are not only bright in color and crisp in taste, but also have higher antioxidant and nutritional value.

[0004] However, since the formation of red crystals is a physiological process of ice plant, it is affected by many factors. The existing technology has not been able to stably and effectively improve the red crystal content and quality of the ice plant side stems through repeated regulation of seed selection, light, temperature and moisture, nutrient solution and growth cycle. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency and quality of red crystals in the side stems of ice plant, the present invention comes into being. From the above technical background, it can be seen that in order to cultivate ice plants with side stems containing red crystalline substances, it is necessary to regulate the accumulation of metabolite color-developing substances in the ice plant tissue, such as brassoids and total phenols. Light has a regulatory effect on plant metabolites, and different light has a certain effect on plant metabolites.

[0005] Light intensity: Appropriate light intensity helps to increase the content of metabolites in plant tissues. Cheng Yuangang found that as the light intensity increases, the flavonoid content of safflower sprouts will increase under 1000 lux treatment.

[0006] Light exposure time: Appropriate light exposure time can also help increase the content of metabolites in plant tissues. Li Zhixin et al. found that when the light cycle was extended from 8d / h to 20h / d, the anthocyanin content and total phenol content of basil plants increased by 60.0% and 63.8% respectively.

[0007] Different wavelengths of light quality have different effects on the content of metabolites in plants. Han Shouan et al. studied the effects of 6 different colors (white, purple, blue, green, yellow, and red) of colored bunting on phenolic substances in the peel of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. The study showed that the use of white light is more conducive to increasing the content of phenolic substances in the peel of grapes. Zhang Liwei studied the effects of different light qualities on the quality of three kinds of sprouts (Toona sinensis seedlings, pea seedlings, and radish seedlings). The study showed that the use of red light would inhibit the synthesis of flavonoids in the three kinds of sprouts. Li Ying studied the effects of different light qualities on the metabolites of tomato seedlings. The study found that the anthocyanin content of blue light + green light was significantly increased by 55.09% compared with blue light alone, indicating that green light is conducive to the accumulation of metabolites; while the flavonoids and total phenolic content under the treatment of blue light + far-red light decreased significantly, indicating that the addition of far-red light is not conducive to the accumulation of metabolites.

[0008] In addition, there may be interactions between different light qualities, affecting their effects on the content of metabolites in plants. Research and development and innovation are needed for professional technologies in terms of light source selection, light intensity and time control. Therefore, choosing the right light quality ratio and irradiation conditions is the key to improving the red crystals and nutritional value of ice vegetable lateral branches. However, as mentioned above, green light may increase the accumulation of red crystals in ice vegetable lateral stems by increasing metabolites such as flavonoids and total phenols in ice vegetable tissues. In order to increase the content of red crystals in ice vegetable lateral stems, green light should be used as much as possible; at the same time, far-red light has a side effect on the accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants. Therefore, in order to increase the red crystals in the lateral stems of ice vegetable, technical personnel in the field also try to use less or even no green light. Summary of the invention

[0009] However, the inventors have overcome the above technical prejudices, and the present invention provides a new light formula method for growing ice plants, which not only uses a certain proportion of far-red light, but also uses a certain proportion of red light, but does not use green light, and adjusts the light quantum ratio of the sum of red light (600-699nm), far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum to be controlled in the range of 1.86-2.33, and the light quantum ratio of blue light (400-499nm) is controlled in the range of 380-780nm. The light quantum ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) is controlled at 30-35% within the range of 380-780nm, the light quantum ratio of green light (500-599nm) is zero within the range of 380-780nm, the peak wavelength of blue light is 450nm, the peak wavelength of red light is 680nm, and other spectral ratios are matched, combined with illumination time and illumination intensity to form a new light environment control scheme, which can effectively reduce the content of red crystals in the side stems of ice plants in plant factories, and appropriately improve the nutritional value of ice plants.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stem of ice plant, comprising:

[0011] (1) Germination;

[0012] (2) Seedling cultivation;

[0013] (3) Planting; characterized in that, during (2) seedling raising and (3) planting, the light quantum ratio of the sum of red light (600-699nm) and far-red light (700-780nm) to blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is controlled to be within a range of 1.86-2.33, and the light quantum ratio of blue light (400-499nm) in the range of 380-780nm is controlled to be 30-35%, the light quantum ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) in the range of 380-780nm is controlled to be 5-10%, and the light quantum ratio of green light (500-599nm) in the range of 380-780nm is zero, wherein the peak wavelength of blue light is 450nm, and the peak wavelength of red light is 680nm; the photoperiod is 11-14h / d, and the light intensity range is 300-380μmol / ㎡·s.

[0014] Furthermore, in the (1) germination step, the seeds are soaked in warm water at 28-32°C for 6-8h, then sown into sponge cubes, one seed per hole, and placed in a germination box at 23-25°C for germination. After the seeds turn white, they are moved to a light culture rack for seedling growth.

[0015] Furthermore, in the (2) seedling raising step, the EC value of the nutrient solution during the treatment period is 1.2-1.5 mS / cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, the spectrum meets the spectral photon distribution proposed by the present invention, the photoperiod is 12-13 h / d, and the light intensity is 270-320 μmol / ㎡·s.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above (3) planting step, when the ice plant seedlings grow to 4-5 true leaves, they are planted and transplanted to the planting board and placed in a nutrient solution tank for cultivation. During the planting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled at 1.7-2.4mS / cm, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0. The nutrient solution temperature is 20-22°C, the dissolved oxygen content is 5-6mg / L, the ambient temperature is 20-23°C during the day and 18-20°C at night, the air humidity is 70-85%, the CO2 concentration is 400-1200ppm, and the light environment is controlled, the spectrum meets the above-mentioned spectrum light quantum distribution, the photoperiod is 11-14h / d, and the light intensity is 300-380μmol / ㎡·s.

[0017] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention overcomes the technical prejudice in the technical field of the present invention, controls the light environment in the method for growing seeds of ice plant factories, uses not only a certain proportion of far-red light but also a certain proportion of red light, but does not use green light, adjusts the light quantum ratio of the sum of red light (600-699nm) and far-red light (700-780nm) to blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum to be controlled within a range of 1.86-2.33, and controls the light quantum ratio of blue light (400-499nm) within a range of 380-780nm to be controlled within a range of 30 -35%, the photon ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) is controlled within the range of 5-10% at 380-780nm, and the photon ratio of green light (500-599nm) is zero at 380-780nm, among which the peak wavelength of blue light is 450nm, and the peak wavelength of red light is 680nm. In combination with other spectral ratios, combined with illumination time and illumination intensity, a new light environment control scheme is formed, which can effectively increase the content of red crystals in the lateral stems of ice plants in plant factories, and appropriately improve the nutritional value of ice plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 These are red crystal images of the side stems of ice plants in Control Example 2, Control Example 4, Example 1, Example 5 and Example 5.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a picture of the red crystals in the side stems of ice plant in Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the technical solution in detail, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0022] Examples 1-5

[0023] Experimental purpose: In order to verify that the technical solution adopted by the present invention can simultaneously increase the red crystal content of the lateral stems of ice plants and effectively increase the yield of ice plants, and has significant progress, Examples 1-5 are carried out using the following methods and conditions, and control examples 1-12 are provided for Examples 1-5. By comparing Examples 1-5 with Control Examples 1-12, the practicality and market value of the light formula adopted in the present invention are demonstrated.

[0024] Examples 1-5 are all methods for growing ice plant in a factory, wherein the nutrient solution ratio and light intensity in (1) the germination step, (2) the seedling raising and (3) the planting step are the same. Crystal ice plant F1 seeds are selected, and the seeds are soaked in 30-35°C warm water for 10 minutes, and then sown in sponge cubes, one seed per hole, and then placed in a 25°C germination box for germination. After the seeds turn white, the hole tray is moved to a light culture rack for seedling treatment. During the treatment, the nutrient solution EC value is 0.8-0.9mS / cm, and the pH is 6.0-7.0. When the ice plant grows to 3 true leaves, it is cultivated and planted, and moved to the planting board, with a planting density of 16 plants / m 2 , and put it into the nutrient solution tank for cultivation. The nutrient solution adopts shallow liquid flow cultivation technology. During the entire planting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled at 2.3-2.4mS / cm and the pH is 6.0-7.0. The nutrient solution temperature is 20-22℃, the dissolved oxygen content is 5-6mg / L, the environmental temperature conditions are 22-24℃ during the day and 17-19℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is 1000-1100ppm. LED light source is used during the planting period of ice vegetable. The LED light source sets 5 embodiment spectra and the light intensity is 350μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , the photoperiod was 12h / d, and the ice plant was cultivated according to the above cultivation method. When the lateral stems of the ice plant grew to 12-17cm, the lateral stems were harvested. They were harvested at 25d, 32d, 39d, 46d, and 53d after transplanting, respectively. The fresh weight of the harvested lateral stems of each plant and the proportion of the number of red crystals carried by the newly grown lateral stems were counted, and samples were taken on 53d to determine the total phenol and total flavonoid contents.

[0025] The LED light source is set with 5 embodiment spectra, and different light formula environments are used during (2) seedling raising and (3) planting, and the spectrum quantum distribution range of the light formula environment is controlled to meet the following conditions: the light quantum ratio range of the sum of red light (600-699nm), far red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is adjusted to be controlled within a range of 1.86-2.33, and the light quantum ratio of blue light (400-499nm) is controlled within a range of 380-7 The proportion of 80nm is controlled in the range of 30-35%, the proportion of far-red light (700-780nm) is controlled in the range of 5-10% at 380-780nm, and the proportion of green light (500-599nm) is zero at 380-780nm. The peak wavelength of blue light is 450nm, the peak wavelength of red light is 680nm, the light intensity is set to 270-380μmol / ㎡·s, and the photoperiod is 10-15h / d.

[0026] Comparative Example 1-12

[0027] Comparative Examples 1-12 are also methods for growing ice plant factories, wherein the nutrient solution ratio and light intensity in (1) the germination step, (2) the seedling raising and (3) the planting step are the same. Crystal ice plant F1 seeds are selected, and the seeds are placed in 30-35°C warm water for 10 minutes, and then sown in sponge cubes, one seed per hole, and then placed in a 25°C germination box for germination. After the seeds turn white, the hole tray is moved to a light culture rack for seedling treatment. During the treatment, the nutrient solution EC value is 0.8-0.9mS / cm, and the pH is 6.0-7.0. When the ice plant grows to 3 true leaves, it is cultivated and planted, and moved to the planting board, with a planting density of 16 plants / m 2 , and put it into a nutrient solution tank for cultivation. The nutrient solution adopts shallow liquid flow cultivation technology. During the entire planting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled at 2.3-2.4mS / cm, and the pH is 6.0-7.0. The nutrient solution temperature is 20-22°C, the dissolved oxygen content is 5-6mg / L, the ambient temperature conditions are 22-24°C during the day and 17-19°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is 1000-1100ppm. During the planting period of ice vegetable, an LED light source is used. The LED light source is set with 12 reference example spectra, and the 12 reference example spectra all use a spectral quantum distribution range different from the light formula environment controlled by the above embodiment. The light intensity is 350μmol·m -2 ·s -1, the photoperiod was 12h / d, and the ice plant was cultivated according to the above cultivation method. When the lateral stems of the ice plant grew to 12-17cm, the lateral stems were harvested. They were harvested at 25d, 32d, 39d, 46d, and 53d after transplanting, respectively. The fresh weight of the harvested lateral stems of each plant and the proportion of the number of red crystals carried by the newly grown lateral stems were counted, and samples were taken on 53d to determine the total phenol and total flavonoid contents. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0028] Table 1

[0029]

[0030] Analysis of test results: In the control examples 1-2, white light or red and blue light are conventionally selected. Using a suitable red and blue light ratio can increase the total flavonoids and total phenol content in the lateral stems of ice plants compared to white light, thereby promoting the synthesis of red crystal content in the lateral stems of ice plants. Existing studies have shown that adding green light to red and blue light or reducing the use of far-red light will be beneficial to the accumulation of metabolites in plant tissues. Therefore, professionals in this field will mainly choose from red, blue and green when selecting the spectrum for ice plant cultivation. Compared with the 12 control examples, Examples 1-5 adopted a ratio mode of red and blue combined with far-red light, and did not apply green light, breaking the technical prejudice of the existing technical means. The proportion of red crystals in the lateral stems of crystal ice plants F1 treated with Examples 1-5 increased significantly, and the yield was significantly improved, achieving unexpected technical effects.

[0031] As described in the background technology of this article, green light may increase the accumulation of red crystals in the lateral stems of ice plants. In order to increase the content of red crystals in the lateral stems of ice plants, green light should be used as much as possible. At the same time, the effect of far-red light on the growth of ice plants is relatively weak. During the cultivation of ice plants, those skilled in the art also try to use it as little as possible or even not use it. This solution overcomes the above technical prejudices and adopts a new light formula method for ice plant cultivation. Not only a certain proportion of far-red light is used, but also a certain proportion of red light is used, but green light is not used. The light quantum ratio of the sum of red light (600-699nm) and far-red light (700-780nm) to blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is adjusted to be controlled in the range of 1.86-2.33, and the light quantum ratio of blue light (400-499nm) is controlled in the range of 30-35% in the range of 380-780nm, and the light quantum ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) is controlled in the range of 3 The proportion of 80-780nm is controlled within 5-10%, the proportion of green light (500-599nm) photons within 380-780nm is zero, the peak wavelength of blue light is 450nm, the peak wavelength of red light is 680nm, and other spectral proportions are matched, combined with illumination time and illumination intensity to form a new light environment regulation scheme. The photosynthetic capacity of ice plant cultivated under the spectral schemes of Examples 1-5 may be improved, thereby promoting the accumulation of total flavonoids and total phenols in the lateral stem tissue of ice plant, thereby effectively increasing the content of red crystals in the lateral stems of ice plants in plant factories, and appropriately increasing the nutritional value of ice plants.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include..." or "comprise..." do not exclude the existence of other elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the elements. In addition, in this article, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood to exclude the number itself; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the number itself.

[0033] Although the above embodiments have been described, once those skilled in the art know the basic creative concepts, they can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stems of ice plants, characterized in that: It includes (1) germination; (2) raising seedlings; (3) planting; characterized in that: During (2) seedling raising and (3) transplanting, the light quantum ratio of the sum of red light (600-699nm) and far-red light (700-780nm) to blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is controlled within a range of 1.86-2.33, and the light quantum ratio of blue light (400-499nm) within a range of 380-780nm is controlled within a range of 30-35%, the light quantum ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) within a range of 380-780nm is controlled within a range of 5-10%, and the light quantum ratio of green light (500-599nm) within a range of 380-780nm is zero, wherein the peak wavelength of blue light is 450nm, the peak wavelength of red light is 680nm, the light intensity is set to 270-380μmol / ㎡·s, and the photoperiod is 11-14h / d.

2. The method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stems of ice plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the germination step (1), the ice plant is subjected to conventional seed soaking and germination treatment in the early stage. The ice plant seeds are soaked in 30-35°C warm water for 10 minutes, and then sown into the sponge blocks of the plug tray, one seed per plug, and placed in a germination box at 24-25°C for germination.

3. The method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stem of ice plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the seedling raising step (2), after the seeds turn white, the plug tray is moved to a light culture rack for seedling raising treatment. During the treatment, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.2-1.5 mS / cm and the pH is 6.0-7.

0.

4. The method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stem of ice plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In the above (3) planting step, when the ice plant grows to 3 true leaves, it is planted and moved to the planting board. The planting density is 12-18 plants / m 2 , and placed in a nutrient solution tank for cultivation. The nutrient solution adopts shallow liquid flow cultivation technology. During the entire planting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled at 1.7-2.4mS / cm and the pH is 6.0-7.

0.

5. The method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stem of ice plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution temperature is 20-22°C, the dissolved oxygen content is 5-6 mg / L, the ambient temperature conditions are 22-24°C during the day and 17-19°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is 400-1200ppm.

6. The method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stem of ice plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the side stems of the ice plant grow to 12-17cm, the entire side stems can be trimmed and harvested.

7. The method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stem of ice plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoperiod during the planting of ice plant is 12h / d.

8. The method for regulating the red crystalline substance of the lateral stem of ice plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The EC value of the nutrient solution during the planting of ice plant is controlled at 2.3-2.4 mS / cm.

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