Multifunctional laying hen feed and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and particularly relates to a multifunctional laying hen feed and a preparation technology. The multifunctional laying hen feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40%-44% of corn, 19%-23% of soybean meal, 16%-19% of bran, 8%-10% of fish meal, 4%-6% of bone meal, 9%-11% of stone powder, 0.4%-0.6% of a premix, 1%-2% of a probiotic preparation and 3%-5% of a Chinese herbal medicine preparation. S1, material selection; s2, crushing; s3, mixing the raw materials of the inner layer; s4, performing inner layer granulation; s5, outer layer raw material mixing; s6, carrying out secondary granulation; s7, puffing and granulating; s8, cooling; and S9, sterilization and subsequent treatment. According to the laying hen feed disclosed by the invention, the structure of the feed can be optimized, so that the feeding efficiency of laying hens is improved, the digestion of the laying hens is ensured, and meanwhile, the number of eggs laid by the laying hens can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, and in particular to a multifunctional laying hen feed and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In today's laying hen farming industry, the quality and characteristics of feed play a decisive role in the production performance of laying hens, the quality of eggs, and the economic benefits of farming. As people's requirements for egg quality and yield continue to increase, the development of a feed that can fully meet the nutritional needs of laying hens, improve the health level of laying hens, and improve the quality of eggs has become an urgent need in the industry.

[0003] For example, patent document CN104304743B discloses a laying hen feed, wherein the raw materials mainly include corn flour, soybean meal, stone powder, snail powder, corn protein powder, lard residue, calcium hydrogen phosphate, feather protein powder, laying hen premix, medical stone, and sodium chloride, which can promote the nutrient absorption and egg production of laying hens. However, the invention does not improve the egg laying weight of laying hens. The lighter egg laying weight has no obvious advantage over the products on the market, and the laying hens that are currently kept in cages for a long time and raised intensively have no ability to assist digestion and absorption, resulting in poor digestion and absorption of the feed. Based on this, the present invention proposes a new multifunctional laying hen feed and a preparation process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a multifunctional laying hen feed and a preparation process.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A multifunctional laying hen feed comprises the following raw materials in weight ratio: Corn 40%-44%, soybean meal 19%-23%, bran 16%-19%, fish meal 8%-10%, bone meal 4%-6%, stone powder 9%-11%, premix 0.4%-0.6%, probiotic preparations 1%-2%, and Chinese herbal preparations 3%-5%.

[0006] Preferably, the main ingredients of the Chinese herbal medicine preparation are astragalus, codonopsis, atractylodes, tuckahoe, and hawthorn.

[0007] Preferably, the main components of the premix are vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E and trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, and iodine.

[0008] Preferably, the main components of the probiotic preparation are Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria.

[0009] The above-mentioned multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Material selection: strictly select raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, stone powder, etc., and prepare premixes, probiotic preparations, and Chinese herbal preparations; S2. Crushing: Use professional crushing machines to crush corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, stone powder and other raw materials for subsequent processing; S3. Inner layer raw material mixing: Abandoning the traditional horizontal ribbon mixer, a uniquely structured convection-shear mixing device is used to put the inner layer raw material premix, probiotic preparations, and Chinese herbal preparations into the device. The device is equipped with multiple layers of staggered stirring blades. At the same time, the angle of each blade is set separately according to the arrangement method to enhance the mixing effect of the raw materials. S4. Inner layer granulation: Ring die granulator is used. When the ring die granulator is working, the mixed inner layer raw materials are evenly fed into the conditioner by the feeder. Steam is introduced into the conditioner for conditioning treatment to soften the material and make it plastic. It can also play a certain sterilization role. Then the conditioned material is passed between the ring die and the pressure roller to make the inner layer raw materials into particles of uniform size as the core of the feed.

[0010] S5. Outer layer raw material mixing: Use a uniquely structured convection-shear mixing device to mix the crushed outer layer raw materials corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, and stone powder.

[0011] S6. Secondary granulation: A double-shaft paddle secondary granulator is used. This granulator has two independent feed ports, one for feeding the inner layer particles and the other for feeding the outer layer mixed raw materials. The layered particles enter the cavity of the granulator from a special feed port, and at the same time, the crushed and mixed outer layer raw materials also enter the cavity through another feed port. There are two sets of high-speed rotating blades in the cavity. One set of blades is responsible for evenly dispersing the inner layer particles in the cavity to keep them in a suspended state, and the other set of blades breaks up the outer layer raw materials and evenly sprinkles them on the surface of the inner layer particles. Under the high-speed stirring and sprinkling action of the blades, the outer layer raw materials are gradually wrapped on the surface of the inner layer particles to complete the secondary granulation.

[0012] S7. Puffing and granulation: Put the feed pellets after secondary granulation into the puffing machine for puffing. The inside of the puffing machine has a high temperature and high pressure environment. The raw materials are squeezed and sheared by the screw in the puffing machine. The temperature rises to 120-180℃ and the pressure reaches 3-10MPa. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the starch in the raw materials is gelatinized and the protein is denatured. At the same time, the water vaporizes rapidly to form a large number of bubbles, which makes the feed expand and form a honeycomb structure. S8 cooling: A fluidized bed cooler is used, which has a porous fluidized bed plate inside. After the feed enters the fluidized bed cooler from the feed inlet, the air enters from the bottom of the fluidized bed plate under the action of the fan, so that the granular feed is in a fluidized state and fully contacts with the cold air, achieving rapid cooling; S9 Sterilization and subsequent treatment: After the feed particles are cooled and dried, they are sterilized with ultraviolet light. High-intensity ultraviolet light is used to kill harmful microorganisms on the surface of the feed particles. A layer of nutrient-enhanced coating is then evenly sprayed on the surface of the feed particles through a spray device.

[0013] Preferably, when the inner layer raw materials are mixed, a starch thickener is added according to the raw material ratio to increase the viscosity for easy granulation.

[0014] Preferably, the screw speed of the extruder is 300-600 rpm, and the feed rate is 500 kg-1000 kg / hour.

[0015] Preferably, the wind pressure of the fluidized bed cooler is set between 2800Pa and 3700Pa. The pressure in this range is suitable for chicken feed after secondary granulation, so as to avoid blockage caused by excessive wind pressure causing the chicken feed to be crushed.

[0016] Preferably, during sterilization and subsequent treatment, the power of the ultraviolet sterilization treatment is 2000W, the disinfection and sterilization time is 6 to 8 minutes, the wavelength of the ultraviolet lamp is set to about 253.7nm during the ultraviolet sterilization treatment, and the nutritional enhancement coating must be sprayed immediately after the sterilization treatment.

[0017] Preferably, the ingredients of the nutritionally enhanced coating include trace elements such as selenium, chromium, methionine, lysine and tea polyphenols.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The puffing process in the puffing machine can make the feed expand and form a honeycomb structure, thereby increasing the palatability of the feed, thereby improving the pecking efficiency of laying hens. The chicken feed with a honeycomb structure can assist the gallbladder digestion of laying hens, increase the digestion of laying hens, and thus increase the absorption of feed nutrients by laying hens.

[0019] 2. The unique inner and outer two-layer granulation can achieve the goal that the outer layer of raw materials attracts laying hens to peck at, and the inner layer of raw materials is released after the outer layer of raw materials is digested to assist the digestion of laying hens, increase the digestion capacity and nutrient absorption capacity of laying hens, and thus improve the physique and pecking efficiency of laying hens.

[0020] 3. During the sterilization and subsequent processing steps, the nutrient-enhanced coating sprayed can not only extend the shelf life of the feed, but the trace elements such as methionine, lysine and tea polyphenols contained therein can also increase the nutrition of laying hens, thereby increasing the number of eggs laid by laying hens and the quality of eggshells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0023] A multifunctional laying hen feed comprises the following raw materials in weight ratio: Corn 40%-44%, soybean meal 19%-23%, bran 16%-19%, fish meal 8%-10%, bone meal 4%-6%, stone powder 9%-11%, premix 0.4%-0.6%, probiotic preparations 1%-2%, and Chinese herbal preparations 3%-5%.

[0024] The main ingredients of Chinese herbal preparations are astragalus, codonopsis, atractylodes, poria and hawthorn; the main ingredients of premixes are vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E and trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese and iodine; the main ingredients of probiotic preparations are Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria.

[0025] A multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Material selection: strictly select raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, stone powder, etc., and prepare premixes, probiotic preparations, and Chinese herbal preparations; S2. Crushing: Use professional crushing machines to crush corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, stone powder and other raw materials for subsequent processing; S3, inner layer raw material mixing: Abandoning the traditional horizontal ribbon mixer, the unique convection-shear mixing equipment is adopted. The equipment is equipped with multiple layers of staggered stirring blades. When running, the blades rotate at high speed to generate strong shear force to refine large particles of raw materials. At the same time, the special blade angle and arrangement method promote the formation of strong convection movement. The feed raw materials roll up and down and left and right quickly in the equipment. The synergistic effect of convection and shear greatly shortens the mixing time and improves the mixing effect. S4. Inner layer granulation: Ring die granulator is used. When the ring die granulator is working, the mixed inner layer raw materials are evenly fed into the conditioner by the feeder. Steam is introduced into the conditioner for conditioning treatment to soften the material and make it plastic. It can also play a certain sterilization role. Then the conditioned material is passed between the ring die and the pressure roller to make the inner layer raw materials into particles of uniform size as the core of the feed.

[0026] S5. Outer layer raw material mixing: Use a uniquely structured convection-shear mixing device to mix the crushed outer layer raw materials corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, and stone powder.

[0027] S6. Secondary granulation: A double-shaft paddle secondary granulator is used. This granulator has two independent feed ports, one for feeding the inner layer particles and the other for feeding the outer layer mixed raw materials. The particles with good layers enter the cavity of the granulator from a special feed port, and at the same time, the outer layer raw materials that have been crushed and mixed also enter the cavity through another feed port. There are two sets of rotating paddles in the cavity. Under the stirring and throwing action of the paddles, the outer layer raw materials are gradually wrapped on the surface of the inner layer particles to complete the secondary granulation.

[0028] S7. Puffing and granulation: Put the feed pellets after secondary granulation into the puffing machine for puffing. The inside of the puffing machine has a high temperature and high pressure environment. The raw materials are squeezed and sheared by the screw in the puffing machine. The temperature rises to 120-180℃ and the pressure reaches 3-10MPa. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the starch in the raw materials is gelatinized and the protein is denatured. At the same time, the water vaporizes rapidly to form a large number of bubbles, which makes the feed expand and form a honeycomb structure. S8 cooling: A fluidized bed cooler is used, which has a porous fluidized bed plate inside. After the feed enters the fluidized bed cooler from the feed inlet, the air enters from the bottom of the fluidized bed plate under the action of the fan, so that the granular feed is in a fluidized state and fully contacts with the cold air, achieving rapid cooling; S9 Sterilization and subsequent treatment: After the feed particles are cooled and dried, they are sterilized with ultraviolet light. High-intensity ultraviolet light is used to kill harmful microorganisms on the surface of the feed particles. A layer of nutrient-enhanced coating is then evenly sprayed on the surface of the feed particles through a spray device.

[0029] Specifically, we strictly screen raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, and stone powder. By combining manual selection with professional testing equipment, we ensure that the corn kernels are full and free of mold, the soybean meal is fresh and odorless, the bran is loose and free of lumps, the fish meal is of good quality and not deteriorated, and the bone meal and stone powder are up to standard in fineness and free of impurities. At the same time, we carefully check the premixes, probiotic preparations, and Chinese herbal preparations, check the shelf life, packaging integrity, and quality certification of the products to ensure that they meet the formula requirements, accurately weigh the premixes, probiotic preparations, and Chinese herbal preparations according to the formula ratio, and conduct preliminary mixing and deployment to ensure that the various components can be evenly dispersed in the subsequent production process; Secondly, professional crushing machines are used to process the raw materials that need to be crushed, such as corn, soybean meal, bran, bone meal, and stone powder. According to the characteristics of different raw materials, the parameters of the crusher are adjusted to ensure that the size of the crushed particles is uniform and meets the requirements of subsequent mixing and granulation. Corn and soybean meal need to be crushed to an appropriate particle size so that they can fully contact with other raw materials during the mixing process, and at the same time, they are conducive to the digestion and absorption of laying hens; bone meal and stone powder need to be further refined to ensure their uniform distribution and effective utilization in the feed. During the crushing process, corn has a harder texture and a high starch content, and the particle size after crushing should be controlled at 1-2 mm; soybean meal is crushed to 0.5-1 mm particles; the particle size of bran after crushing is maintained at 1-1.5 mm; the particle size of fish meal is controlled at 0.5-1 mm; bone meal is crushed to 0.2-0.5 mm; the particle size of stone powder after crushing should be controlled at 0.1-0.3 mm; Specifically, the ring die is a cylindrical component with many evenly distributed die holes, and the pressure roller is pressed tightly against the inner wall of the ring die. As the ring die rotates, the pressure roller rotates around its own axis under the action of friction, squeezing the material through the die holes of the ring die, thereby forming cylindrical particles. Subsequently, the cutter installed on the outside of the ring die cuts the extruded long strips of material according to the set length to form particles of uniform size as the core of the feed. By adjusting the aperture of the ring die, the gap between the pressure roller and the ring die, and the position of the cutter, the diameter and length of the particles can be controlled to meet different needs; Specifically, in the secondary granulation process, one set of blades is responsible for evenly dispersing the inner layer particles in the cavity so that they are in a suspended motion state, and the other set of blades is responsible for breaking up the outer layer raw materials and evenly throwing them on the surface of the inner layer particles; Specifically, in the sterilization and subsequent treatment, the power of ultraviolet sterilization is 2000W, the disinfection time is 6 to 8 minutes, the wavelength of ultraviolet lamp is set to about 253.7nm during ultraviolet sterilization, and the nutrient-enhanced coating must be sprayed immediately after the sterilization treatment. Embodiment 1

[0030] Taking the production of 10 kg of chicken feed as an example, the main raw materials are selected as follows: corn: 4200 grams, soybean meal: 2200 grams, bran: 1800 grams, fish meal: 900 grams, bone meal: 500 grams, and stone powder: 1000 grams; the premixes are selected according to the following weights: vitamin A: 5 grams, vitamin D: 4 grams, vitamin C: 6 grams, vitamin E: 5 grams, calcium: 10 grams, phosphorus: 7.5 grams, iron: 4 grams, zinc: 4 grams, manganese: 2.5 grams, and iodine: 2 grams; the probiotic preparations are selected according to the following weights: Bacillus subtilis: 90 grams, lactic acid bacteria: 60 grams; the Chinese herbal medicine preparations are selected according to the following weights: Astragalus: 120 grams, Codonopsis pilosula: 80 grams, Atractylodes macrocephala: 80 grams, Poria: 60 grams, and Hawthorn: 60 grams.

[0031] The raw materials prepared in the above-mentioned embodiments are processed according to the established process preparation steps. Embodiment 2

[0032] Step 1: Material selection: Taking the production of 10 kg of chicken feed as an example, the main raw materials are selected as follows: corn: 4200 grams, soybean meal: 2200 grams, bran: 1800 grams, fish meal: 900 grams, bone meal: 500 grams, and stone powder: 1000 grams; the premixes are selected according to the following weights: vitamin A: 5 grams, vitamin D: 4 grams, vitamin C: 6 grams, vitamin E: 5 grams, calcium: 10 grams, phosphorus: 7.5 grams, iron: 4 grams, zinc: 4 grams, manganese: 2.5 grams, and iodine: 2 grams; the probiotic preparations are selected according to the following weights: Bacillus subtilis: 90 grams, lactic acid bacteria: 60 grams; the Chinese herbal medicine preparations are selected according to the following weights: Astragalus: 120 grams, Codonopsis pilosula: 80 grams, Atractylodes macrocephala: 80 grams, Poria: 60 grams, and Hawthorn: 60 grams.

[0033] Step 2: Crushing: Use professional crushing machines to grind corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, stone powder and other raw materials separately for subsequent processing.

[0034] Step 3: Mixing: The traditional horizontal ribbon mixer is used. Its working principle is that two spiral ribbons inside are driven by a motor to make relative rotation. During the rotation, the ribbon pushes the materials at different positions axially and rolls radially, so that the crushed raw materials can be evenly mixed within a certain period of time.

[0035] Step 4: Granulation: Using the conventional high-temperature granulation process, the mixed raw materials are conveyed to the ring die granulator. In the granulator, the raw materials first pass through the conditioner and are fully contacted with the steam introduced, so that the material temperature is usually higher than 80°C. The starch of the material is gelatinized and the protein is denatured in the high temperature and high humidity environment, thereby increasing the viscosity of the material. Subsequently, the material is squeezed through the die hole on the ring die under the action of the pressing roller to form cylindrical particles, which are then cut by the cutter to make pellet feed of a certain length.

[0036] Step 5: Cooling: The natural cooling method is adopted. The pelletized feed is placed in a warehouse or field with normal temperature and good ventilation. The feed gradually dissipates heat to the surrounding air through heat conduction and heat convection based on the temperature difference between itself and the surrounding environment, so that it naturally cools down to near room temperature. In this process, the feed needs to be turned regularly to ensure the uniformity of cooling.

[0037] Step 5: Sterilization and subsequent treatment: Sterilization and subsequent treatment: Sterilization is carried out by fumigation with chemical agents. Generally, fumigants such as aluminum phosphide are selected. The feed is placed in a closed space and aluminum phosphide is added according to a certain dosage. Aluminum phosphide will absorb moisture in the air and produce phosphine gas, which can penetrate into the feed particles and effectively kill harmful microorganisms and insect eggs in the feed. After the fumigation is completed, ventilation is carried out to remove residual phosphine gas. Embodiment 3

[0038] Taking the preparation of ten kilograms of chicken feed as an example, weigh 6000 grams of corn, 1800 grams of soybean meal, 1500 grams of bran, 300 grams of fish meal, 200 grams of bone meal, and 200 grams of stone powder. The weight of the pre-selected materials is vitamin A: 5 grams, vitamin C: 10 grams, vitamin E: 15 grams, and calcium: 15 grams.

[0039] The raw materials prepared in the above-mentioned embodiments are processed according to the established process preparation steps. Embodiment 4

[0040] Taking the preparation of ten kilograms of chicken feed as an example, weigh corn: 4800 grams, soybean meal: 1600 grams, bran: 1200 grams, fish meal: 1100 grams, bone meal: 300 grams, stone powder: 400 grams; the premix is ​​selected according to the following weight: vitamin A: 5 grams, vitamin D: 4 grams, vitamin C: 6 grams, vitamin E: 5 grams, calcium: 10 grams, phosphorus: 7.5 grams, iron: 4 grams, zinc: 4 grams, manganese: 2.5 grams, iodine: 2 grams; the probiotic preparation is selected according to the following weight: Bacillus subtilis: 90 grams, lactic acid bacteria: 60 grams; the Chinese herbal medicine preparation is selected according to the following weight: Astragalus: 120 grams, Codonopsis: 80 grams, Atractylodes: 80 grams, Poria: 60 grams, Hawthorn: 60 grams.

[0041] The raw materials prepared in the above-mentioned embodiments are processed according to the established process preparation steps.

[0042] The laying hen feeds prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and the laying hen feeds in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were respectively used in laying hen feeding experiments, and the same laying hen feeding procedures were followed.

[0043] Group Number of eggs laid Number of broken eggs (pieces) Total egg weight / kg Egg production rate / % Embodiment 1 5962 9 357.57 85.71% Embodiment 2 5691 12 332,92 81.30% Embodiment 3 5189 14 304.59 74.12% Embodiment 4 5438 12 306.94 77.58% Comparative Example 1 5796 10 309.40 82.80% Comparative Example 2 4890 13 261.74 69.83% In summary, the laying hen feed prepared by the present invention has obvious advantages over the common laying hen feed on the market and the laying hen feed proposed in the background technology of this article in terms of the number of eggs laid, total egg weight / kg, egg breakage, and egg production rate. For example, the number of eggs laid by the present invention is 5962, which is higher than that of the comparative example 1, 5796. This is due to the fact that the probiotic preparation and the Chinese herbal medicine preparation in the present invention assist the digestion of laying hens, among which Bacillus subtilis can produce a variety of digestive enzymes, such as amylase, protease and lipase, which help laying hens better decompose macromolecules such as starch, protein and fat in feed, and convert them into small molecule nutrients that are more easily absorbed. Lactic acid bacteria ferment carbohydrates in the intestine to produce lactic acid, which lowers the intestinal pH and creates an acidic environment, which is beneficial to the dissolution and absorption of minerals (such as calcium, phosphorus, etc.). It also promotes intestinal peristalsis, increases the digestion rate of feed in the intestine, and further improves feed utilization. Among them, probiotics regulate intestinal health and promote the absorption of nutrients, so that laying hens can take in enough nutrients for the formation of eggs. On the other hand, the metabolites produced by probiotics have a positive effect on the reproductive system of laying hens and help improve the quality of eggshells.

[0044] Furthermore, the egg laying rate directly reflects the overall impact of feed on the reproductive performance of laying hens, among which Example 1: egg laying rate 85.71%; Example 2: egg laying rate 81.30%; Example 3: egg laying rate 77.58%; Example 4: egg laying rate 74.12%; Comparative Example 1: egg laying rate 82.80%; Comparative Example 2: egg laying rate 69.83%. Compared with the comparative examples and other examples, the egg laying rate of Example 1 is as high as 85.71%, which is far ahead.

[0045] Furthermore, the amount of egg breakage intuitively reflects the quality of the eggshell. The amount of egg breakage in Example 1 is 9, and that in Comparative Example 2 is 10, which is slightly lower than that in Comparative Example 2. This is due to the nutritionally enhanced coating sprayed in the sterilization and subsequent treatment steps of the present invention. The lysine contained in the coating can effectively ensure the quality of the eggshell and reduce the occurrence of eggshell breakage.

[0046] Group Average egg weight (g) Egg weight standard deviation (+-g) Embodiment 1 60 1.53 Embodiment 2 58.5 1.96 Embodiment 3 58.7 1.87 Embodiment 4 56.5 2.14 Comparative Example 1 53.3 1.93 Comparative Example 2 53.5 2.48 Average egg weight analysis: Example 1 has obvious advantages: Example 1 has the highest average egg weight, reaching 60g, which is significantly superior to other groups. This shows that under the feed formula and processing technology of Example 1, the average size of eggs produced by laying hens is larger. From the specific steps of Example 1, its strict material selection process ensures rich and balanced nutrition. For example, the raw materials contain sufficient protein (from soybean meal, etc.), minerals (calcium, phosphorus, etc.) and other nutrients. These nutrients provide a material basis for laying hens to form larger eggs. In the mixing process, advanced convection-shear mixing equipment is used to ensure uniform distribution of nutrients, so that laying hens can fully absorb and utilize nutrients for egg formation. The honeycomb particles produced during the puffing process are conducive to the absorption of nutrients, thereby prompting laying hens to produce heavier eggs. The methionine, lysine and other components contained in the nutrient-enhanced coating sprayed in the sterilization and subsequent treatment steps effectively increase the egg weight of laying hens.

[0047] Comparison of other embodiments: The average egg weight of embodiment 2 is 58.5g. Embodiment 2 uses a traditional horizontal ribbon mixer in the mixing process, resulting in a less uniform nutrient mixing than embodiment 1, affecting the absorption and utilization of nutrients by laying hens, and the lack of spraying of a nutrient-enhanced coating results in a slightly lower egg weight. The average egg weight of comparative example 3 is 58.7g. Although the raw materials have not been changed, the proportion has changed, resulting in a worse overall nutrient absorption efficiency ratio, which in turn results in an average egg weight that is not as good as embodiment 1. The average egg weight of embodiment 4 is 56.5g, the lowest in the embodiment group. The changes in the proportions in the material selection formula have led to changes in the overall nutrient structure, which in turn leads to a relatively insufficient supply of nutrients for laying hens to form eggs, resulting in a decrease in egg weight.

[0048] Comparative Example: The average egg weights of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were 53.3 g and 53.5 g, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the Example group. This means that the feeds in the comparative example have many problems in terms of nutritional composition, proportion or processing technology, and cannot provide sufficient nutrition for laying hens to form heavier eggs.

[0049] Group Eating efficiency (%) Prevalence of disease in laying hens (%) Embodiment 1 92%～95% 1% Embodiment 2 81%～84% 3% Embodiment 3 78%～82% 4% Embodiment 4 86%～88% 3% Comparative Example 1 80%～84% 1% Comparative Example 2 76%～82% 5% Referring to Table 3, it can be seen that the feeding efficiency of Example 1 is the highest, reaching 92% to 95%, and the morbidity rate of laying hens is only 1%. This shows that the optimization of the raw material screening, proportioning and preparation process of the feed has achieved good results. The inner and outer double-layer granulation process designs the raw materials such as corn that attracts food to be placed on the outer layer, and the inner layer raw materials that assist digestion of food are placed on the inner layer, thereby attracting the laying hens to peck at them. After the outer layer of corn and other raw materials are crushed by the gallbladder of the laying hens, the inner layer raw materials are exposed so that the inner layer raw materials are released to assist the digestion of the laying hens, thereby improving the feeding efficiency of the laying hens. At the same time, in the puffing granulation step in the preparation process of the present invention, this step can make the chicken feed puffed, so that the feed expands and forms a honeycomb structure. The chicken feed with a honeycomb structure improves the palatability of the feed, so that the pecking efficiency of the laying hens is improved, and the honeycomb feed can rub against each other in the gallbladder of the chicken to improve the digestion of the laying hens, so that the digestibility of the feed is better. Example 2: The feeding efficiency is 81% to 84%, and the disease rate of laying hens is 3%. Compared with Example 1, it is lower, and there is a gap in the preparation process compared with Example 1, resulting in the overall quality of the feed being slightly inferior and at a medium level; Example 3: Feeding efficiency 78% to 82%, laying hen morbidity rate 4%. The feeding efficiency is further reduced, and no Chinese herbal medicine preparations and probiotic preparations are added to the raw materials, resulting in the digestion ability of laying hens after pecking not being improved, affecting the digestion effect and nutritional value of the feed, and although the morbidity rate has increased, the lower feeding efficiency will affect the growth and egg-laying performance of laying hens.

[0050] In Example 4, the feeding efficiency was 86% to 88%, and the morbidity rate of laying hens was 3%. The feeding efficiency was improved, but the morbidity rate of laying hens was the same as that in Example 2, which indicated that the feed formula was not configured according to the standard and had some defects, resulting in the feed being less effective than in Example 1 in terms of feed digestion, palatability, and maintenance of laying hens' health. Comparative Example 1: Feeding efficiency 80% to 84%, laying hen morbidity 1%. Its feeding efficiency is lower than that of Examples 1, 2, and 4, but it has a very low morbidity compared to Examples 2, 3, and 4. The feed in this comparative example is unique in ensuring the health of laying hens, but it is lacking in the process flow, and its palatability and digestion effect are poor.

[0051] Comparative Example 2: Feeding efficiency was 76% to 82%, and the morbidity rate of laying hens was 5%. This was the group with the lowest feeding efficiency and the highest morbidity rate among all the groups, indicating that the feed may have major deficiencies in its formulation or preparation process, which not only affected the feeding enthusiasm of laying hens, but also failed to effectively protect the health of laying hens.

[0052] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional laying hen feed, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in weight ratio: Corn 40%-44%, soybean meal 19%-23%, bran 16%-19%, fish meal 8%-10%, bone meal 4%-6%, stone powder 9%-11%, premix 0.4%-0.6%, probiotic preparations 1%-2%, and Chinese herbal preparations 3%-5%.

2. A multifunctional laying hen feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the Chinese herbal medicine preparation are astragalus, codonopsis, atractylodes, tuckahoe, and hawthorn.

3. A multifunctional laying hen feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the premix are vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E and trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, iodine, etc.

4. The multifunctional laying hen feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the probiotic preparation are bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria.

5. A multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Material selection: strictly select raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, stone powder, etc., and prepare premixes, probiotic preparations, and Chinese herbal preparations; S2. Crushing: Use professional crushing machines to crush raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, stone powder, etc. for subsequent processing; S3. Inner layer raw material mixing: Abandoning the traditional horizontal ribbon mixer, a uniquely structured convection-shear mixing device is used to put the inner layer raw material premix, probiotic preparations, and Chinese herbal preparations into the device. The device is equipped with multiple layers of staggered stirring blades. At the same time, the angle of each blade is set separately according to the arrangement method to enhance the mixing effect of the raw materials. S4. Inner layer granulation: Ring die granulator is used. When the ring die granulator is working, the mixed inner layer raw materials are evenly fed into the conditioner by the feeder. Steam is introduced into the conditioner for conditioning treatment to soften the materials and make them plastic. It can also play a certain sterilization role. Then the conditioned materials are passed between the ring die and the pressure roller to make the inner layer raw materials into particles of uniform size as the core of the feed. S5. Mixing of outer layer raw materials: Using a uniquely structured convection-shear mixing device, the crushed outer layer raw materials corn, soybean meal, bran, fish meal, bone meal, and stone powder are mixed; S6. Secondary granulation: A double-shaft paddle secondary granulator is used. This granulator has two independent feed ports, one for feeding the inner layer particles and the other for feeding the outer layer mixed raw materials. The particles with the prepared layers enter the cavity of the granulator from a special feed port, and at the same time, the outer layer raw materials that have been crushed and mixed also enter the cavity through another feed port. There are two sets of rotating paddles in the cavity. Under the stirring and throwing action of the paddles, the outer layer raw materials are gradually wrapped on the surface of the inner layer particles to complete the secondary granulation. S7. Puffing and granulation: Put the feed pellets after secondary granulation into the puffing machine for puffing. The inside of the puffing machine has a high temperature and high pressure environment. The raw materials are squeezed and sheared by the screw in the puffing machine. The temperature rises to 120-180℃ and the pressure reaches 3-10MPa. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the starch in the raw materials is gelatinized and the protein is denatured. At the same time, the water vaporizes rapidly to form a large number of bubbles, which makes the feed expand and form a honeycomb structure. S8 cooling: A fluidized bed cooler is used, which has a porous fluidized bed plate inside. After the feed enters the fluidized bed cooler from the feed inlet, the air enters from the bottom of the fluidized bed plate under the action of the fan, so that the granular feed is in a fluidized state and fully contacts with the cold air, achieving rapid cooling; S9 Sterilization and subsequent treatment: After the feed particles are cooled and dried, they are sterilized with ultraviolet light. High-intensity ultraviolet light is used to kill harmful microorganisms on the surface of the feed particles. A layer of nutrient-enhanced coating is then evenly sprayed on the surface of the feed particles through a spray device.

6. A multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the inner layer raw materials are mixed, starch thickener is added according to the raw material ratio to increase viscosity and facilitate granulation.

7. A multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The screw speed of the extruder is 300-600 rpm, and the feed rate is 500 kg-1000 kg / hour.

8. A multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind pressure of the fluidized bed cooler is set to be between 2800Pa and 3700Pa. The pressure in this range is suitable for chicken feed after secondary granulation, so as to avoid blockage caused by excessive wind pressure causing the chicken feed to be crushed.

9. A multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the sterilization and subsequent treatment steps, the power of the ultraviolet sterilization treatment is 2000W, the disinfection and sterilization time is 6 to 8 minutes, the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays during the ultraviolet sterilization treatment is set to about 253.7nm, and the nutritional enhancement coating must be sprayed immediately after the sterilization treatment.

10. The multifunctional laying hen feed preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ingredients of the nutrition-enhanced coating include trace elements such as selenium, chromium, methionine, lysine and tea polyphenols.

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