Artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, preparation method thereof, and feeding method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of leech feeding, and specifically to an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, and a preparation method and a feeding method thereof. The artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches of the present application is designed to be granular, wherein the feeding feed comprises a filling layer and a locking layer wrapped on the outside of the filling layer, wherein the locking layer is wrapped with an outer skin layer, and the locking layer is made by drying sugars, wherein the sugars are composed of glucose, honey, and starch in a mass ratio of (7-9): (1-3): (0.5-1), so that the sugars can be slowly dissolved and released in water, thereby facilitating the leeches to suck and eat, thereby achieving effective utilization of the feed; and the granular material is convenient for the staff to feed, and the feed ingredients are stable, which is convenient for the leeches to suck and eat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of leech feeding, and in particular to an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches and a preparation method and a feeding method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Leeches, commonly known as leeches, have been recorded in the Shennong's Herbal Classic as early as 1890. They have high medicinal value. Their dried products can be used as medicine after being soaked. They have the effect of treating stroke, hypertension, amenorrhea, traumatic injuries, etc. Modern medical research shows that in addition to hirudin, hirudin has an anticoagulant effect in leeches, which can prevent further blood stasis phenomena such as thrombin-catalyzed activation of coagulation factors and platelet reactions. In addition, it can also inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts induced by thrombin and the stimulation of endothelial cells by thrombin. It is the strongest natural specific inhibitor of thrombin discovered so far, and has broad application prospects in the clinical treatment and prevention of various thrombosis. What followed was the large-scale fishing of wild leeches and the continuous expansion of the leech breeding market.

[0003] Leech farming has now gradually entered industrialization in my country, especially the farming of blood-sucking leeches represented by the Philippine cattle leech, which has developed rapidly in southern my country, which is also determined by market demand.

[0004] At present, the feed for raising Philippine cattle leeches is single, and they can only be fed with fresh pig blood or cow blood from slaughterhouses. There are great disadvantages in feeding leeches with pig and cow blood: 1. Unstable quantity: Farmers can only feed according to the blood supply of slaughterhouses, and cannot plan feeding, which seriously affects large-scale breeding. 2. Unstable blood quality: Some blood is picked up from the floor of the slaughterhouse and has been contaminated. Leeches are prone to get sick after eating it. 3. Blood may have the risk of viruses: Because these bloods are not and cannot be fed after high temperature or sterilization, the blood eaten by leeches may be infected with diseases. 4. Blood is easy to deteriorate: It usually takes more than 3 hours to collect fresh blood from the slaughterhouse and return to the breeding base, especially in summer. These bloods are very easy to deteriorate. Leeches that eat spoiled pig blood are also prone to gastroenteritis. 5. Staff fatigue: People have to go to the slaughterhouse in the early morning to collect or buy fresh blood. If they return to the breeding base early, they must organize staff to feed in time. The work rules are not guaranteed, and it is difficult to recruit staff. 6. High cost: fresh pig blood costs about 8 yuan / kg, and only about 50% can be used, that is, the pig blood that can really become leech feed costs 16 yuan / kg. 7. Blood can easily pollute the feeding environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches and a preparation method and a feeding method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows: an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, the feeding feed is in granular form, the feeding feed comprises a filling layer and a locking layer wrapped outside the filling layer, the locking layer is wrapped outside with an outer skin layer, the locking layer is made by drying sugars, and the sugars are composed of glucose, honey and starch according to the mass ratio of (7-9): (1-3): (0.5-1).

[0007] Furthermore, the filling layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight, including 9-11 parts of milk, 2-3 parts of soybean polypeptide powder, and 0.3-0.5 parts of amino acid powder.

[0008] Furthermore, the amino acid powder is a composite amino acid, and the composite amino acid consists of polar amino acids and non-polar amino acids.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight, including 14-15 parts of eggs, 0.8-1 parts of salt, 2-3 parts of soybean polypeptide powder, and 0-1 parts of preservatives.

[0010] Furthermore, the starch includes one or more of sweet potato flour, cassava flour, and kudzu root flour.

[0011] A method for preparing an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, wherein the steps of preparing the artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches are as follows: S1: Preparation of the outer skin layer; S2: preparing fillings, and forming the fillings into filling layers; S3: preparing a material-locking layer, placing the filling layer in the material-locking layer for dipping, taking it out and drying it to prepare an intermediate product; S4: Wrapping the outer skin layer prepared in step S1 around the outside of the intermediate product prepared in step S3 to prepare a pre-finished feed, shaping the pre-finished feed and freeze-drying it to obtain an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for preparing the outer skin layer includes: stirring eggs and salt into a creamy state, then adding soybean polypeptide powder and a preservative, and continuing to stir until the dough is formed.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for preparing the filling layer includes: mixing milk, soybean polypeptide powder and amino acid powder in proportion until they become dough-like.

[0014] Furthermore, the method for preparing the locking layer includes: first mixing glucose and starch, and then adding honey and an appropriate amount of hot water to prepare a viscous state.

[0015] A method for artificially feeding blood-sucking leeches comprises: putting the blood-sucking leech artificial feeding feed prepared by the above preparation method into artificial intestine casing according to 30% of the leech's weight, and feeding it into pond water; after the leech has eaten all the feed, observing for abnormalities for 5 days, and basically digesting the feed after 5 days; continuing to feed the leech once every 5 days according to the formula, and feeding it for 10 times in a row.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application designs the feeding feed into a granular form, wherein the feeding feed comprises a filling layer and a locking layer wrapped around the filling layer, wherein the locking layer is wrapped around an outer skin layer, and the locking layer is made by drying sugars, wherein the sugars are composed of glucose, honey, and starch in a mass ratio of (7-9): (1-3): (0.5-1), so that the sugars can be slowly dissolved and released in water, thereby facilitating leeches to suck and eat the food, thereby achieving effective utilization of the feed; and the granular material is convenient for staff to feed the food, and the feed ingredients are stable, making it convenient for leeches to suck and eat the food.

[0017] 2. The feeding feed of the present application is rich in nutrients, reasonably matched, and has good palatability. It can effectively improve the activity of various digestive enzymes of leeches, increase the growth rate, and increase the weight gain by about 35%. When used for food, the meat is more delicious.

[0018] 3. Through the feed and its proportion and feeding method of the present application, compared with the pig blood feeding group, the leeches of the present application gained 35% of their weight, and the pig blood group gained 28%, a 7% increase in weight; and the cost decreased by 30%, and the mortality rate of leeches also decreased by 5%, effectively improving the breeding efficiency of leeches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1, filling layer; 2, locking layer; 3, outer skin layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figure 1As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, wherein the feeding feed is in granular form, and comprises a filling layer 1 and a locking layer 2 wrapped around the filling layer 1, wherein the locking layer 2 is wrapped around an outer skin layer 3, and the locking layer 2 is made by drying sugars, wherein the sugars are composed of glucose, honey, and starch in a mass ratio of (7-9): (1-3): (0.5-1).

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it may also have the following additional technical features: the filling layer 1 is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage, including 9-11 parts of milk, 2-3 parts of soybean polypeptide powder, and 0.3-0.5 parts of amino acid powder. Among them, the amino acid powder is a composite amino acid, and the composite amino acid is composed of polar amino acids and non-polar amino acids. Therefore, it is convenient to increase the weight of leeches and reduce the pathogenicity of leeches.

[0024] In this embodiment, the outer layer 3 is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage, including 14-15 parts of eggs, 0.8-1 parts of salt, 2-3 parts of soybean polypeptide powder, and 0-1 parts of preservatives. Thus, the feed can be slowly dissolved in water, making it easier for the blood-sucking leeches to suck it.

[0025] In this embodiment, the starch includes one or more of sweet potato flour, cassava flour, and kudzu root flour, so that it can adhere to the filling layer and the outer layer, prevent the feed from being decomposed too quickly in the water and affecting the leech's feeding, and prevent the growth of bacteria in the water.

[0026] A method for preparing an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, wherein the steps of preparing the artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches are as follows: S1: Prepare the outer layer, stir eggs and salt into a creamy state, then add soybean peptide powder and preservatives, and continue stirring until it becomes a dough; S2: preparing the filling, forming the filling into a filling layer, and mixing milk, soybean peptide powder, and amino acid powder according to proportions until they become a dough; S3: preparing a material-locking layer, first mixing glucose and starch, then adding honey and an appropriate amount of hot water to prepare a viscous state; then placing the filling layer in the material-locking layer for dipping, taking it out and drying it to prepare an intermediate product; S4: Wrapping the outer layer prepared in step S1 around the outside of the intermediate product prepared in step S3 to prepare a pre-finished feed, shaping the pre-finished feed and freeze-drying it to obtain artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, so that it can slowly dissolve and release in water, so as to facilitate leeches to suck and eat, thereby achieving effective utilization of feed; and the granular material is convenient for staff to feed, and the feed is rich in nutrients, reasonably matched, and has good palatability. It can effectively improve the activity of various digestive enzymes of leeches, improve the growth rate, and can increase the weight gain by about 35%. When used for food, the meat is more delicious.

[0027] The following is described with specific embodiments: Example

[0028] A method for preparing artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, the steps of which include: S1: Prepare the outer layer by mixing 14 parts of eggs and 0.8 parts of salt into a creamy state, then adding 2 parts of soybean peptide powder and continuing to mix until the dough forms; S2: prepare the filling layer by mixing 9 parts of milk, 2 parts of soybean peptide powder and 0.3 parts of amino acid powder into a dough-like state; S3: preparing a material-locking layer, first mixing glucose and starch, then adding honey and an appropriate amount of hot water to prepare a viscous state; then placing the filling layer in the material-locking layer for immersion, taking it out and drying it to prepare an intermediate product; wherein the mass ratio of glucose, honey and starch is 7:1:0.5; S4: Wrapping the outer layer prepared in step S1 around the outside of the intermediate product prepared in step S3 to prepare a pre-finished feed, shaping the pre-finished feed and freeze-drying it to obtain artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, so that it can slowly dissolve and release in water, so as to facilitate leeches to suck and eat, thereby achieving effective utilization of feed; and the granular material is convenient for staff to feed, and the feed is rich in nutrients, reasonably matched, and has good palatability. It can effectively improve the activity of various digestive enzymes of leeches, improve the growth rate, and can increase the weight gain by about 34%. When used for food, the meat is more delicious. Example

[0029] A method for preparing artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, the steps of which include: S1: Prepare the outer layer by mixing 14.5 parts of eggs and 0.9 parts of salt into a creamy state, then adding 2.5 parts of soybean peptide powder and 0.5 parts of preservatives, and continue mixing until the dough is formed; S2: prepare the filling layer by mixing 10 parts of milk, 2.5 parts of soybean peptide powder and 0.4 parts of amino acid powder into a dough-like state; S3: preparing a material-locking layer, first mixing glucose and starch, then adding honey and an appropriate amount of hot water to prepare a viscous state; then placing the filling layer in the material-locking layer for immersion, taking it out and drying it to prepare an intermediate product; wherein the mass ratio of glucose, honey and starch is 8:2:0.75; S4: Wrapping the outer layer prepared in step S1 around the outside of the intermediate product prepared in step S3 to prepare a pre-finished feed, shaping the pre-finished feed and freeze-drying it to obtain artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, so that it can slowly dissolve and release in water, so as to facilitate leeches to suck and eat, thereby achieving effective utilization of feed; and the granular material is convenient for staff to feed, and the feed is rich in nutrients, reasonably matched, and has good palatability. It can effectively improve the activity of various digestive enzymes of leeches, improve the growth rate, and can increase the weight gain by about 36%. When used for food, the meat is more delicious. Example

[0030] A method for preparing artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, the steps of which include: S1: Prepare the outer layer by mixing 15 parts of eggs and 1 part of salt into a creamy state, then adding 3 parts of soybean peptide powder and 1 part of preservative and continuing to mix until the dough forms; S2: Prepare the filling layer by mixing 11 parts of milk, 3 parts of soybean peptide powder, and 0.5 parts of amino acid powder until they become dough-like; S3: preparing a material-locking layer, first mixing glucose and starch, then adding honey and an appropriate amount of hot water to prepare a viscous state; then placing the filling layer in the material-locking layer for immersion, taking it out and drying it to prepare an intermediate product; wherein the mass ratio of glucose, honey and starch is 9:3:1; S4: Wrapping the outer layer prepared in step S1 around the outside of the intermediate product prepared in step S3 to prepare a pre-finished feed, shaping the pre-finished feed and freeze-drying it to obtain artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches, so that it can slowly dissolve and release in water, so as to facilitate leeches to suck and eat, thereby achieving effective utilization of feed; and the granular material is convenient for staff to feed, and the feed is rich in nutrients, reasonably matched, and has good palatability. It can effectively improve the activity of various digestive enzymes of leeches, improve the growth rate, and can increase the weight gain by about 35%. When used for food, the meat is more delicious.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the mass ratio of glucose, honey and starch is 5:2:1; Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 2 is that the mass ratio of glucose, honey and starch is 6:0.5:0.4; Feeding method The artificial feeding feeds for blood-sucking leeches prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were placed in artificial casings at 30% of the leech's body weight, and then placed in pond water for feeding; after all the leeches were eaten, they were observed for 5 days to see if there were any abnormalities, and the leeches were basically digested after 5 days; the feeds were continued to be fed once every 5 days according to this formula, and were fed for 10 times in succession.

[0032] Comparison group The leeches were fed with pig blood according to the traditional feed. The pig blood was put into artificial casings at 30% of the leech's weight and fed in the pond water. After the leeches had eaten all the pig blood, they were observed for 5 days to see if there were any abnormalities. After 5 days, the leeches were basically digested. They were fed once every 5 days for 10 times in a row. The feeding experiment showed that Example 1 caused the leeches to gain weight by 34%, which was 6% more than the control group (28%); the cost was reduced by 33%, and the mortality rate of leeches was also reduced by about 7%, which effectively improved the breeding efficiency of leeches.

[0033] Example 2 causes the leeches to gain weight by 36%, which is 8% more than the control group's 28%; the cost is reduced by 30%, and the leech mortality rate is also reduced by about 5%, which effectively improves the leech breeding efficiency.

[0034] Example 3 causes the leeches to gain weight by 35%, which is 7% more than the control group's 28%; the cost is reduced by 28%, and the leech mortality rate is also reduced by about 4%, which effectively improves the leech breeding efficiency.

[0035] Comparative Examples 1 and 2 increased the weight of leeches by 29% and 27%, respectively, which was not significantly different from the 28% weight gain of the control group; at the same time, the costs of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 decreased by 25% and 32%, respectively, and the mortality rates of leeches decreased by 8% and 11%, respectively, which did not effectively improve the breeding efficiency of leeches compared with Example 2.

[0036] Under the premise that no conflict occurs, those skilled in the art may freely combine and superimpose the above-mentioned additional technical features.

[0037] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed for artificial feeding of blood-sucking leeches, characterized in that: The feeding feed is in a granular form, comprising a filling layer and a locking layer wrapped outside the filling layer, wherein the locking layer is wrapped outside with an outer skin layer, and the locking layer is made by drying sugars, wherein the sugars are composed of glucose, honey, and starch in a mass ratio of (7-9):(1-3):(0.5-1).

2. The artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 9-11 parts of milk, 2-3 parts of soybean polypeptide powder, and 0.3-0.5 parts of amino acid powder.

3. The artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amino acid powder is a composite amino acid, and the composite amino acid consists of polar amino acids and non-polar amino acids.

4. The artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight, including 14-15 parts of eggs, 0.8-1 parts of salt, 2-3 parts of soybean polypeptide powder, and 0-1 part of preservatives.

5. The artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starch includes one or more of sweet potato flour, cassava flour and kudzu root flour.

6. A method for preparing a feed for artificial feeding of blood-sucking leeches, characterized in that: The steps of preparing the artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches according to any one of claims 1 to 5 include: S1: Preparation of the outer skin layer; S2: preparing fillings, and forming the fillings into filling layers; S3: preparing a material-locking layer, placing the filling layer in the material-locking layer for dipping, taking it out and drying it to prepare an intermediate product; S4: Wrapping the outer skin layer prepared in step S1 around the outside of the intermediate product prepared in step S3 to prepare a pre-finished feed, shaping the pre-finished feed and freeze-drying it to obtain an artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches.

7. The method for preparing artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the outer skin layer comprises: stirring eggs and salt into a creamy state, then adding soybean polypeptide powder and a preservative, and continuing to stir until the mixture is in a doughy state.

8. The method for preparing artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for preparing the filling layer comprises: mixing milk, soybean polypeptide powder and amino acid powder according to proportions into a dough-like state.

9. The method for preparing artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for preparing the locking layer comprises: firstly mixing glucose and starch, and then adding honey and a proper amount of hot water to prepare the mixture into a viscous state.

10. A method for artificially feeding blood-sucking leeches, characterized in that: The artificial feeding feed for blood-sucking leeches prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 is placed in an artificial casing according to 30% of the leech's body weight, and is put into pond water for feeding; after all the leeches are eaten, observe for 5 days to see if there are any abnormalities, and the digestion is basically completed after 5 days; continue to feed once every 5 days according to this formula, and feed continuously for 10 times.

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