Multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle which comprises an ultrasonic intervention catheter, a flexible Bragg fiber device and a flexible carbon dioxide laser probe. The head end of the flexible Bragg fiber device is connected with the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe, and the tail end of the flexible Bragg fiber device is connected with the carbon dioxide laser generating device. The puncture needle with the small-scale flexible carbon dioxide laser probe, which is wrapped by the ultrasonic intervention catheter and takes the flexible Bragg fiber device as a main body, can go deep into a human body to perform various minimally invasive surgical treatments in a minimally invasive manner under ultrasonic guidance, and has the characteristics of flexibility, small scale, small trauma and good optical property and mechanical property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a multifunctional flexible implantable carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle. Background Art

[0002] Mid-infrared lasers are widely used in clinical surgical operations such as lesion tissue resection, tissue shaping, and tumor interstitial photothermal therapy due to their significant advantages of non-contact, high efficiency, and high precision. 2 Lasers have the characteristics of extremely high ablation efficiency and high precision, and are widely used in skin, ENT and abdominal surgeries. However, due to the lack of stable, high-performance small-scale flexible energy transmission media, CO 2 Lasers cannot enter the body in a minimally invasive or non-invasive manner through mature quartz optical fibers like near-infrared lasers such as holmium lasers and neodymium lasers, and perform minimally invasive interventional operations in the natural cavities inside the human body.

[0003] Currently, CO 2 Laser surgery is usually performed through transmission media such as light guide arms and hollow waveguides. When performing in vivo surgery through minimally invasive or non-invasive interventional methods, CO 2 Lasers can easily cause severe thermal damage during ablation, and there are highly efficient flexible CO 2 Lack of laser transmission media and existing CO 2 The laser scalpel has limitations such as single function. In addition, due to the particularity of human skin structure, various skin diseases such as skin and subcutaneous benign and malignant tumors, etc., carbon dioxide laser treatment as a common and effective treatment method in dermatology, has a barrier of being unable to reach subcutaneous lesions, and its minimally invasive treatment development and clinical application are limited by technology.

[0004] Flexible bioelectronics technology is based on flexible bioelectronic materials and uses micro-nano processing technology to manufacture bioelectronic devices and systems with characteristics such as bendability, foldability, and extensibility. It has the characteristics of being thin, soft, wearable, biocompatible, implantable, zero-load, high-precision, and real-time. Flexible bioelectronics technology can subvert and change the rigid physical form of traditional medical detection devices or equipment. Combining flexible bioelectronics technology with carbon dioxide lasers can lay a theoretical and experimental foundation for the realization of implantable flexible carbon dioxide laser probes, and promote the development of minimally invasive treatment of various skin diseases and musculoskeletal diseases and the verification of suitable diseases.

[0005] Infrared fiber (IRfiber), which is more compact and flexible, is widely considered to be an ideal medium for flexible transmission of mid-infrared lasers. Regarding IRfiber, Temelkuran et al. proposed a hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber (Bragg fiber) with a Bragg reflector inside. This type of fiber is actually a multi-material hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber. It is made by thermally evaporating a high-refractive-index chalcogenide glass (As 2 Se 3 ) onto a low-refractive-index polymer film (PES), followed by winding and thermal curing to obtain a hollow multi-material optical fiber preform, which is then thermally drawn to obtain a submicron-level multilayer periodic Bragg structure formed by alternating polymers and chalcogenide glass. About 98% (volume ratio) of polymer is introduced into the optical fiber, giving it excellent flexibility and enabling CO to bend at a radius of less than 1 cm. 2 The laser output is stable, and the fiber achieves CO 2 High-power laser transmission in hollow-core fibers for 10.6 μm CO 2 In the laser band, the transmission power can reach 1.15W (aperture 700μm) and the transmission loss is as low as 0.95dB / m. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention is intended to provide a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle, which is wrapped by an ultrasonic intervention catheter and has a small-scale flexible carbon dioxide laser probe with a Bragg fiber device as the main body. Under the guidance of ultrasound, it can penetrate into the human body in a minimally invasive manner to perform various minimally invasive surgical treatments, and has flexibility, small size, and good optical and mechanical properties. The problems in the background technology are solved.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle comprises an ultrasonic intervention catheter, a flexible Bragg optical fiber device and a flexible carbon dioxide laser probe. The flexible Bragg optical fiber device is slidably arranged in the cavity of the ultrasonic intervention catheter, the head end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device is connected to the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe, and the tail end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device is connected to a carbon dioxide laser generating device.

[0009] Furthermore, the flexible Bragg fiber device is a multi-material hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for preparing the flexible Bragg fiber device is: first, thermally evaporate chalcogenide glass onto a polymer film, wherein the refractive index of the chalcogenide glass is higher than that of the polymer film; then, obtain a hollow multi-material optical fiber preform rod through a winding and thermal curing process; and finally, obtain a submicron-level multi-layer periodic Bragg structure optical fiber formed alternately of polymer and chalcogenide glass through thermal drawing.

[0011] Furthermore, in the flexible Bragg fiber device, the volume ratio of the polymer is 98%.

[0012] Furthermore, the flexible Bragg fiber device is made by assembling an infrared glass rod and a polymer sheath into a preform rod and then hot stretching the fiber; wherein the polymer sheath is prepared by mechanical processing, hot extrusion, hot blending or film winding, and the infrared glass rod is obtained by a tube-rod method, a co-hot extrusion method or a double crucible method, and the preform rod of the flexible Bragg fiber device is assembled by assembling the infrared glass rod and the polymer sheath by tube-sleeve-rod, hot extrusion or hot curing.

[0013] Furthermore, the polymer sheath is one of polyphenylene sulfone, polyether sulfone or polyetherimide.

[0014] Furthermore, the polymer jacket layer is obtained by introducing a low modulus soft polymer polyvinylidene fluoride into a high modulus polymer polyphenylene sulfone, and mixing and granulating the mixture by hot extrusion to modulate the modulus of the polymer.

[0015] Furthermore, the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe is a flexible bioelectronic device, which includes a functional structure, a conductive structure and a flexible substrate. The functional structure is used to respond to the carbon dioxide laser energy transmitted by the Bragg fiber device and convert it into an electrical signal. The conductive structure is used to transmit the electrical signal. The flexible substrate is used to support the functional structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide laser energy to which the functional structure responds includes any one or more of temperature, humidity, strain and chemical medium.

[0017] Furthermore, the flexible bioelectronic device is a laser-induced graphene-polydimethylsiloxane organosilicon flexible electrode, and is prepared using a femtosecond laser processing process.

[0018] The principle and beneficial effects of the technical solution are:

[0019] 1. The present invention provides a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle. The flexible Bragg fiber device is slidably inserted into the cavity of the ultrasonic interventional catheter. The head end and tail end of the flexible Bragg fiber device are respectively connected to the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe and the carbon dioxide laser generating device. Among them, the flexible Bragg fiber device is a multi-material hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber. The flexible Bragg fiber device has the advantages of high scalability, material compatibility, and controllable micro-nano structure, which solves the problems of low transmission efficiency and poor mechanical properties of laser energy transmission media in clinical surgery; the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe is a flexible bioelectronic device. By combining with the flexible electronic device carbon dioxide laser probe, CO2 Laser has the unique advantages of safety, non-contact, precision and high efficiency in minimally invasive treatment in biological tissues, achieving stable energy transmission, and the small-scale flexible medium enables it to give full play to its advantages in complex human surgery; ultrasonic guidance allows it to combine sound waves and lasers with each other on the basis of high-efficiency laser energy transmission function as the core, and to have the functions of in vitro visualization and in vivo energy delivery. This makes the multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle expected to expand the ability of surgical devices to perform precise operations in deeper, narrower and more complex environments, providing new ideas for the realization of efficient and precise surgery.

[0020] 2. The present invention provides a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle, which 2 Extensive research on the optical and mechanical properties of laser energy transfer media and the development of flexible carbon dioxide laser needles under ultrasound guidance with minimally invasive clinical prospects will have a profound impact on the development of surgical medicine, allowing it to develop in multiple directions such as precise positioning and visualization, and play a role in multiple scenarios such as subcutaneous, superficial musculoskeletal, and vascular microcavity intervention. At the same time, combined with multiple fields such as clinical medicine, ultrasound medicine, bioengineering, and materials science, its scenario universality will be further improved and its industrial production batch will be brought into play, providing reliable support for ensuring people's lives and health and promoting social development, opening up new technical routes for the further development of future interventional surgical procedures, and expanding its application in precision surgery, including the treatment or ablation of dermatology, otolaryngology, abdominal cavity, and various musculoskeletal benign and malignant tumors.

[0021] 3. The present invention provides a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle. The carbon dioxide laser probe is a flexible implantable bioelectronic device connected to the laser fiber. Through the stretchable, deformable and ultra-flexible characteristics of the flexible electronic device, the probe diameter can be very small, and at the same time, a length adjustment function is provided, which can be used for small-scale treatment as well as large-scale treatment. Compared with ordinary laser probes, it can produce a faster heating speed and may achieve more precise treatment at the cost of smaller tissue penetration, making laser emission more controllable. The laser is emitted by a flexible carbon dioxide laser probe, and each laser action point is composed of a single or several high-energy pulse lasers. The laser action point can penetrate the subcutaneous dermis and even reach the muscle layer or deeper, forming a burning area in the lesion tissue, thereby eliminating the lesion and stimulating tissue regeneration.

[0022] Among them, femtosecond laser can reduce metal oxide nanomaterials or ionic metal salt precursors to metal nanoparticles and conductive structures at a relatively low pulse energy. After synthesizing metal nanomaterials, the conductivity and mechanical properties of the prepared microstructures can be optimized by realizing microscale connections between metal nanomaterials, and the adhesion between the microstructures and the flexible substrates can be improved, which is helpful for realizing the preparation of highly conductive structures on flexible substrates.

[0023] Flexible bioelectronic devices use laser-induced graphene-polydimethylsiloxane silicone flexible electrodes. Among them, laser-induced graphene (LIG) has the characteristics of high carrier mobility, good conductivity, porous structure, and adjustable hydrophobicity, and is used as an electrode for preparing flexible devices; and LIG affects the local environment on the polyimide (PI) film under laser radiation to become high temperature and high pressure, transferring LIG to the soft gel substrate, and at the same time making LIG and the elastic substrate tightly combined, thereby obtaining an elastic composite with both LIG conductive properties and substrate flexibility, which is used as an electrode for flexible electronic devices; polydimethylsiloxane silicone (PDMS) has good performance, meeting the characteristics of fluidity before colloid solidification and viscosity and flexibility after colloid solidification, and is selected as a substrate. Therefore, polydimethylsiloxane silicone (PDMS) converted from liquid to solid forms a soft gel film that adsorbs the PI-LIG joint layer, and then PI is corroded by strong alkali to separate the LIG-PDMS flexible electrode without damage. The LIG-PDMS flexible electrode produced by this process is the core of the probe, with a double-layer electrode, a thinner dielectric layer (0.149mm), and a deformation response time as low as 0.04s. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of preparing a flexible carbon dioxide laser probe in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0026] The names of the corresponding marks in the accompanying drawings are:

[0027] Ultrasonic interventional catheter 1, Bragg fiber device 2, flexible carbon dioxide laser probe 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle comprises an ultrasonic interventional catheter 1, a flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 and a flexible carbon dioxide laser probe 3. The flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is slidably arranged in the cavity of the ultrasonic interventional catheter 1, the head end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is connected to the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe 3, and the tail end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is connected to a carbon dioxide laser generating device.

[0031] Among them, the flexible Bragg fiber device 2 is a multi-material hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber, and its preparation method is: first, thermally evaporate a high-refractive index chalcogenide glass onto a low-refractive index polymer film; then, a hollow multi-material optical fiber preform is obtained through winding and thermal curing processes, and finally, a submicron-level multi-layer periodic Bragg structure optical fiber formed by alternating polymers and chalcogenide glasses is obtained through thermal pulling. In the flexible Bragg fiber device 2, the volume ratio of the polymer is 98%.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle comprises an ultrasonic interventional catheter 1, a flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 and a flexible carbon dioxide laser probe 3. The flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is slidably arranged in the cavity of the ultrasonic interventional catheter 1, the head end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is connected to the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe 3, and the tail end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is connected to a carbon dioxide laser generating device.

[0034] Among them, the flexible Bragg fiber device 2 is a multi-material hollow-core photonic bandgap optical fiber, which is assembled into a preform by an infrared glass rod and a polymer sheath, and then made by hot stretching of the fiber; the polymer sheath is prepared by mechanical processing, hot extrusion, hot blending or film winding, and the infrared glass rod is obtained by a tube-rod method, a co-hot extrusion method or a double crucible method. The preform of the flexible Bragg fiber device 2 is assembled by tube-rod, hot extrusion or hot curing of the infrared glass rod and the polymer sheath; wherein the polymer sheath is one of polyphenylene sulfone, polyether sulfone, polyetherimide or a high modulus polymer polyphenylene sulfone, in which a low modulus soft polymer polyvinylidene fluoride is introduced into the high modulus polymer polyphenylene sulfone and mixed and granulated by hot extrusion.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle comprises an ultrasonic interventional catheter 1, a flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 and a flexible carbon dioxide laser probe 3. The flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is slidably arranged in the cavity of the ultrasonic interventional catheter 1, the head end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is connected to the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe 3, and the tail end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device 2 is connected to a carbon dioxide laser generating device.

[0037] Among them, the carbon dioxide laser probe is a flexible bioelectronic device, and a laser-induced graphene-polydimethylsiloxane silicone flexible electrode prepared by femtosecond laser processing technology, including a functional structure, a conductive structure and a flexible substrate. The functional structure is used to respond to the carbon dioxide laser energy transmitted by the Bragg fiber device 2 and convert it into an electrical signal, the conductive structure is used to transmit the electrical signal, and the flexible substrate is used to support the functional structure.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the process flow for preparing laser-induced graphene-polydimethylsiloxane silicone flexible electrode is as follows:

[0039] Under laser radiation, LIG ​​affects the local environment on the polyimide (PI) film to become high temperature and high pressure, transferring LIG to a soft gel substrate, while tightly combining LIG and the elastic substrate to obtain an elastic composite with both LIG conductive properties and substrate flexibility. The unsolidified liquid colloid completely penetrates into the porous grid of LIG in a negative pressure environment to combine the two. After the colloid solidifies, a LIG elastomer composite is obtained as an electrode for flexible electronic devices. Polydimethylsiloxane silicone (PDMS) is selected as a substrate. PDMS converted from liquid to solid forms a soft gel film that absorbs the PI-LIG joint layer, and then PI is corroded with a strong alkali to separate the LIG-PDMS flexible electrode without damage. The LIG-PDMS flexible electrode produced by this process is the core of flexible strain sensors and actuators. The LIG-PDMS flexible electrode is used to build a LIG flexible electronic device with a double-layer electrode, a thinner dielectric layer (0.149 mm), and a deformation response time as low as 0.04 s.

[0040] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ultrasonic intervention catheter, a flexible Bragg optical fiber device and a flexible carbon dioxide laser probe. The flexible Bragg optical fiber device is slidably arranged in the cavity of the ultrasonic intervention catheter. The head end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device is connected to the flexible carbon dioxide laser probe, and the tail end of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device is connected to a carbon dioxide laser generating device.

2. A multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible Bragg optical fiber device is a multi-material hollow core photonic bandgap optical fiber.

3. A multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing the flexible Bragg fiber device is: first, thermally evaporate chalcogenide glass onto a polymer film, wherein the refractive index of the chalcogenide glass is higher than that of the polymer film; then, obtain a hollow multi-material optical fiber preform rod through a winding and thermal curing process; and finally, obtain a submicron-level multi-layer periodic Bragg structure optical fiber formed alternately of polymer and chalcogenide glass through thermal drawing.

4. The multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the flexible Bragg fiber device, the volume ratio of the polymer is 98%.

5. The multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible Bragg optical fiber device is manufactured by assembling an infrared glass rod and a polymer sheath into a preform rod and then thermally stretching the fiber; wherein the polymer sheath is prepared by mechanical processing, hot extrusion, hot blending or film winding, and the infrared glass rod is obtained by a tube-rod method, a co-hot extrusion method or a double crucible method; and the preform rod of the flexible Bragg optical fiber device is assembled by assembling the infrared glass rod and the polymer sheath by tube-rod, hot extrusion or thermal curing.

6. The multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polymer sheath is one of polyphenylene sulfone, polyether sulfone or polyetherimide.

7. The multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polymer jacket layer is obtained by introducing a low modulus soft polymer polyvinylidene fluoride into a high modulus polymer polyphenylene sulfone, and mixing and granulating the mixture through hot extrusion to modulate the modulus of the polymer.

8. The multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible carbon dioxide laser probe is a flexible implantable bioelectronic device, which includes a functional structure, a conductive structure and a flexible substrate. The functional structure is used to respond to the carbon dioxide laser energy transmitted by the flexible Bragg fiber device and convert it into an electrical signal. The conductive structure is used to transmit the electrical signal. The flexible substrate is used to support the functional structure.

9. The multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide laser energy to which the functional structure responds includes any one or more of temperature, humidity, strain and chemical medium.

10. The multifunctional flexible carbon dioxide laser ultrasonic puncture needle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bioelectronic device is a laser-induced graphene-polydimethylsiloxane organic silicon flexible electrode, and is prepared by a femtosecond laser processing technique.

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