A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing internal catalyst

Abstract

The present invention provides a fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing an internal catalyst, and mainly relates to the technical field of methanol production. The fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing an internal catalyst comprises a vacuum pump, a water washing tank, a gas-solid separation tank, a fixed bed reactor, and a negative pressure extractor. A negative pressure extractor is provided in the upper part of the fixed bed reactor, and the negative pressure extractor is connected to the gas-solid separation tank through a pipeline, and the gas-solid separation tank is connected to the water washing tank through a pipeline, and the water washing tank is connected to the vacuum pump through a pipeline. The device has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost; through the design of the negative pressure extractor and its driving structure of the device, the catalyst in the reactor tube can be quickly extracted and assisted in filling when replacing the catalyst inside the reaction tube of the fixed bed reactor, thereby significantly improving the replacement efficiency of the catalyst in the fixed bed reactor, and at the same time, it can reduce the pollution of the air environment caused by a large amount of dust, reduce the harm to employees, and improve the safety of use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention mainly relates to the technical field of methanol production, and in particular to a fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing an internal catalyst. Background Art

[0002] The methanol ammoxidation reaction is carried out in the catalyst bed of the fixed bed reactor. The fixed bed has 11030 evenly distributed reaction tubes, each tube is filled with a catalyst of the same height (1300-1400mm). The catalyst is usually replaced by lowering the catalyst, and the catalyst supporting spring of the reaction tube is removed. This method has the hazards of catalyst blockage, difficulty in lowering, difficulty in collection, and serious particulate dust.

[0003] Fixed bed reactors are widely used in chemical production. They are filled with granular solid catalysts or solid reactants, and the materials flow through the static fixed bed layer through the gaps between the particles to achieve heterogeneous reactions. There are many problems with traditional fixed bed reactors, such as uneven filling, which will affect the reaction effect of the catalyst; when loading the catalyst, the internal blockage of the device is prone to occur, reducing the catalyst loading efficiency. Moreover, during the chemical reaction process, the existing technology is not convenient for replacing the catalyst inside the material box at any time, which greatly affects the work efficiency. Therefore, developing a fixed bed reactor that can quickly replace the internal catalyst to solve the above technical problems is of great significance to improving chemical production efficiency and reducing costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing the internal catalyst, which can effectively improve the catalyst replacement efficiency and ensure the safety of operators.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing an internal catalyst comprises a vacuum pump, a water washing tank, a gas-solid separation tank, a fixed bed reactor and a negative pressure extractor, wherein a negative pressure extractor is arranged at an upper inner portion of the fixed bed reactor, the negative pressure extractor is connected to the gas-solid separation tank via a pipeline, the gas-solid separation tank is connected to the water washing tank via a pipeline, the water washing tank is connected to the vacuum pump via a pipeline, the fixed bed reactor comprises an outer shell, a plurality of reactor tubes are movably mounted in the middle of the outer shell, a cross top frame is fixedly connected to the middle and upper portion of the outer shell, a suspension shaft is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the cross top frame, a rotating frame is mounted at the lower end of the suspension shaft, a plurality of guide rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating frame, and a negative pressure extractor is slidably mounted on the guide rods.

[0006] The negative pressure extractor structure comprises a negative pressure chamber, a telescopic tube is fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber, the guide rod passes through the negative pressure chamber, and a plurality of negative pressure extraction tubes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the negative pressure chamber.

[0007] A winch is fixedly installed on the rotating frame, and the winch traction rope is fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber; a fixed rod is also provided on one side of the bottom of the rotating frame, and a scraper is provided between the bottom of the fixed rod and the bottom of the guide rod close to the center of the rotating frame.

[0008] A driving motor is fixedly mounted on the cross top frame, a driving gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor, a driven gear is fixedly mounted on the suspension shaft, and the driving gear meshes with the driven gear.

[0009] The gas-solid separation tank is respectively provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe is horizontally tangent to the middle of one side of the gas-solid separation tank. The outlet pipe is located at the center of the top of the gas-solid separation tank. The outlet pipe passes through the top of the gas-solid separation tank and extends to the middle and lower part of the gas-solid separation tank.

[0010] The washing tank is filled with washing liquid, and an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe are arranged on the washing tank. The air inlet position of the air inlet pipe is located below the level of the washing liquid, and the exhaust position of the exhaust pipe is located above the level of the washing liquid.

[0011] A plurality of fixed brackets are arranged in the shell, and limiting rollers are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the fixed brackets, and the limiting rollers are in rolling contact with the rotating frame.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The device has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. Through the design of the negative pressure extractor and its driving structure, the catalyst in the reactor tubes can be quickly extracted and assisted in filling when the catalyst inside the reaction tube of the fixed bed reactor is replaced, thereby significantly improving the replacement efficiency of the catalyst in the fixed bed reactor, while reducing the pollution of the air environment caused by a large amount of dust, reducing the harm to employees, and improving safety of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the decomposed structure in the fixed bed reactor of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the fixed bed reactor of the present invention from the first perspective; Figure 4 2. It is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the fixed bed reactor of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the range of reactor tubes that can be extracted at one time by the negative pressure extractor of the present invention.

[0014] Numbers shown in the accompanying drawings: 1. vacuum pump; 2. water washing tank; 3. gas-solid separation tank; 4. fixed bed reactor; 5. negative pressure extractor; 20. water washing liquid; 21. air inlet pipe; 22. exhaust pipe; 31. inlet pipe; 32. outlet pipe; 41. outer shell; 42. reactor tube array; 43. cross top frame; 44. suspension shaft; 45. rotating frame; 46. guide rod; 47. fixed bracket; 48. limiting roller; 50. negative pressure chamber; 51. telescopic tube; 52. negative pressure extraction tube; 430. driving motor; 431. driving gear; 440. driven gear; 450. winch; 451. fixed rod; 452. scraper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope limited by the application.

[0016] Combined with Figure 1-Figure 5 A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing an internal catalyst comprises a vacuum pump 1, a water washing tank 2, a gas-solid separation tank 3, a fixed bed reactor 4 and a negative pressure extractor 5. A negative pressure extractor 5 is provided at the upper inner part of the fixed bed reactor 4. The negative pressure extractor 5 is connected to the gas-solid separation tank 3 through a pipeline. The gas-solid separation tank 3 is connected to the water washing tank 2 through a pipeline. The water washing tank 2 is connected to the vacuum pump 1 through a pipeline. The fixed bed reactor 4 comprises a shell 41. A plurality of reactor tubes 42 are movably installed in the middle of the shell 41. A cross top frame 43 is fixedly connected to the upper middle part of the shell 41. A suspension shaft 44 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the cross top frame 43. A rotating frame 45 is installed at the lower end of the suspension shaft 44. A plurality of guide rods 46 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating frame 45. The negative pressure extractor 5 is slidably installed on the guide rods 46.

[0017] The negative pressure extractor 5 structure includes a negative pressure chamber 50, a telescopic tube 51 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber 50, the guide rod 46 passes through the negative pressure chamber 50, and a plurality of negative pressure extraction tubes 52 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the negative pressure chamber 50. The negative pressure chamber 50 and the negative pressure extraction tubes 52 are distributed in a fan-shaped shape, and the fan-shaped negative pressure chamber 50 and the negative pressure extraction tubes 52 rotate and stop at a certain angle, so as to cover all reactor tube arrays 42 areas, and then extract the catalyst in all reactor tube arrays 42 when the catalyst needs to be replaced.

[0018] A winch 450 is fixedly mounted on the rotating frame 45, and the traction rope of the winch 450 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber 50; a fixed rod 451 is also provided on one side of the bottom of the rotating frame 45, and a scraper 452 is provided between the bottom of the fixed rod 451 and the bottom of the guide rod 46 near the center of the rotating frame 45. The scraper 452 is used to fully scrape the catalyst into the reactor tube 42 after adding the catalyst to the fixed bed reactor 4. The top of the housing 41 has a material addition port and is protected by a corresponding cover. When the winch 450 is running to retract the traction rope, the negative pressure extractor 5 will be raised in height, and the negative pressure extraction tube 52 will be detached from the reactor tube 42. When the winch 450 releases the traction rope, the negative pressure extractor 5 moves downward along the guide rod 46 under the action of gravity, and the negative pressure extraction tube 52 can enter the reactor tube 42.

[0019] A driving motor 430 is fixedly mounted on the cross frame 43, a driving gear 431 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor 430, a driven gear 440 is fixedly mounted on the suspension shaft 44, and the driving gear 431 meshes with the driven gear 440. The driving motor 430 can rotate and stop at a certain angle through the driving gear 431 and the driven gear 440; the driving motor 430 drives the negative pressure extractor 5 to completely cover the reactor tube array 42 area and then returns to the initial position to prevent the upper part of the telescopic tube 51 from being excessively wound at the suspension shaft 44.

[0020] The gas-solid separation tank 3 is provided with an inlet pipe 31 and an outlet pipe 32, respectively. The inlet pipe 31 is horizontally tangent to the middle of one side of the gas-solid separation tank 3, and the outlet pipe 32 is located at the top center of the gas-solid separation tank 3. The outlet pipe 32 passes through the top of the gas-solid separation tank 3 and extends to the middle and lower part of the gas-solid separation tank 3. The gas-solid separation tank 3 is based on the principle of a more common cyclone separator, which can effectively separate large particles of solid and gaseous substances. A catalyst recovery box is provided at the bottom of the gas-solid separation tank 3 for recovering the separated catalyst.

[0021] The washing tank 2 is filled with washing liquid 20, and is provided with an air inlet pipe 21 and an exhaust pipe 22. The air inlet position of the air inlet pipe 21 is located below the liquid level of the washing liquid 20, and the exhaust position of the exhaust pipe 22 is located above the liquid level of the washing liquid 20. The gas separated by the gas-solid separation tank 3 is processed by the washing tank 2, and the dust in the gas is effectively filtered to prevent air pollution.

[0022] The housing 41 is provided with a plurality of fixed brackets 47, and the bottom of the fixed brackets 47 is rotatably mounted with limiting rollers 48, and the limiting rollers 48 are in rolling contact with the rotating frame 45. Since the negative pressure extractor 5 is located on one side of the rotating frame 45, the limiting rollers 48 limit the rotating frame 45, so that the rotating frame 45 can always remain horizontal during rotation, thereby ensuring the vertical state of the negative pressure extraction pipe 52, and with the guiding effect of the guide rod 46, the negative pressure extraction pipe 52 can always be parallel to the reactor tube array 42, so that it can enter and leave smoothly.

[0023] The device is also connected to a control device via a wire. The control device is a control device based on a single-chip microprocessor. The control device is provided with a plurality of control buttons for adjusting and controlling the operation of the device.

[0024] During the use of this device: when it is necessary to replace the catalyst in the fixed bed reactor 4, the automatic operation of this equipment is started through the control device, the vacuum pump 1 generates system negative pressure, the winch 450 releases the traction rope, the negative pressure extractor 5 descends along the guide rod 46 under the action of gravity, and the negative pressure extraction pipe 52 enters the corresponding reactor tube 42 below to extract the catalyst. After the extraction is completed, the winch 450 retracts the traction rope, the negative pressure extractor 5 continues to rise until it is separated from the reactor tube 42, the driving motor 430 drives the rotating frame 45 to rotate, and then drives the negative pressure extractor 5 to rotate around the axis of the center of gravity of the fixed bed reactor 4 at a fixed angle and then stops, the negative pressure extractor 5 descends again to extract the catalyst in the reactor tube 42 below, and the above steps are repeated to extract all the catalysts. After the catalysts are extracted, they are effectively separated by the gas-solid separation tank 3, and the large particles of catalyst are separated and stored in the catalyst recovery box. At this time, the gas still contains a lot of dust. The gas is purified after being washed by the water washing tank 2. New adsorbed water is regularly replaced in the water washing tank 2, and the tail gas is discharged after being purified. When adding new catalyst, the catalyst is added into the fixed bed reactor 4 through the top. After the catalyst is added or a certain amount is added, the driving motor 430 drives the rotating frame 45 to rotate back and forth, and the lever scraper 452 can make the catalyst fully fall into each reactor tube 42, thereby improving the catalyst addition efficiency and thus improving the catalyst replacement efficiency in the fixed bed reactor 4.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing an internal catalyst, comprising a vacuum pump (1), a water washing tank (2), a gas-solid separation tank (3), a fixed bed reactor (4), and a negative pressure extractor (5), characterized in that: A negative pressure extractor (5) is provided at the upper inner portion of the fixed bed reactor (4); the negative pressure extractor (5) is connected to a gas-solid separation tank (3) via a pipeline; the gas-solid separation tank (3) is connected to a water washing tank (2) via a pipeline; the water washing tank (2) is connected to a vacuum pump (1) via a pipeline; the fixed bed reactor (4) comprises an outer shell (41); a plurality of reactor tubes (42) are movably mounted in the middle of the outer shell (41); a cross top frame (43) is fixedly connected to the upper middle portion of the outer shell (41); a suspension shaft (44) is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the cross top frame (43); a rotating frame (45) is mounted at the lower end of the suspension shaft (44); a plurality of guide rods (46) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating frame (45); and the negative pressure extractor (5) is slidably mounted on the guide rods (46).

2. A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing internal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure extractor (5) structure comprises a negative pressure chamber (50), a telescopic tube (51) is fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber (50), the guide rod (46) passes through the negative pressure chamber (50), and a plurality of negative pressure extraction tubes (52) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the negative pressure chamber (50).

3. A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing internal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: A winch (450) is fixedly mounted on the rotating frame (45), and a traction rope of the winch (450) is fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber (50); a fixing rod (451) is also provided on one side of the bottom of the rotating frame (45), and a scraper (452) is provided between the bottom of the fixing rod (451) and the bottom of a guide rod (46) close to the center of the rotating frame (45).

4. A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing internal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving motor (430) is fixedly mounted on the cross top frame (43), a driving gear (431) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor (430), a driven gear (440) is fixedly mounted on the suspension shaft (44), and the driving gear (431) meshes with the driven gear (440).

5. A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing internal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-solid separation tank (3) is provided with an inlet pipe (31) and an outlet pipe (32), respectively; the inlet pipe (31) is tangent to the middle of one side of the gas-solid separation tank (3) in the horizontal direction; the outlet pipe (32) is located at the center of the top of the gas-solid separation tank (3); the outlet pipe (32) penetrates the top of the gas-solid separation tank (3) and extends to the middle and lower part of the gas-solid separation tank (3).

6. A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing internal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The washing tank (2) contains washing liquid (20), and the washing tank (2) is provided with an air inlet pipe (21) and an air outlet pipe (22). The air inlet position of the air inlet pipe (21) is located below the liquid level of the washing liquid (20), and the air outlet position of the air outlet pipe (22) is located above the liquid level of the washing liquid (20).

7. A fixed bed reactor capable of quickly replacing internal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of fixed brackets (47) are provided in the housing (41), and a limiting roller (48) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the fixed bracket (47), and the plurality of limiting rollers (48) are in rolling contact with the rotating frame (45).

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