A ball mill

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of material crushing, in particular to a ball mill, which is externally provided with a shell cover, the shell cover is connected with a feeding hopper and a rotating shaft through bearings, and is fixedly connected with the side surfaces of bearing housings on both sides of the shell cover through fixing rings; a water inlet pipe is arranged on the upper end of the shell cover; a spraying pipe arranged in the axial direction is fixedly hung in the shell cover through the fixing rings; the water inlet pipe is communicated with the spraying pipe; and a plurality of spraying heads are uniformly arranged below the spraying pipe. The ball mill can be cooled without stopping, the paste grinding phenomenon in the ball mill is prevented, and the ball mill is cooled in a combination mode of air cooling and liquid cooling, so that the cooling efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material crushing technology, specifically to a ball mill. Background Technology

[0002] A ball mill is a device that uses grinding media (such as steel balls) to impact, grind, and shear materials inside a cylinder. When the mill rotates, the grinding media adhere to the liner on the inner wall of the mill due to inertial centrifugal force, rotate with the mill, and are carried to a certain height before falling. This causes a strong impact and grinding of the material inside the cylinder, thereby crushing the material to the required fineness.

[0003] With the rapid development of my country's economy, the expansion and renovation of cities and old urban areas require a large amount of building materials. Of course, various construction wastes (such as cement blocks, bricks and decoration materials) will be generated during the development and renovation process. In the past, these construction wastes were filled into the ground, which caused environmental pollution and made the construction waste unusable.

[0004] However, the aforementioned construction waste can be used to manufacture various building materials, such as cement and concrete, after being processed by a ball mill.

[0005] However, during ball mill operation, the impact and friction between the steel balls and the material generate a large amount of heat. The heated material easily adheres to the inner wall of the drum. The construction waste being ground is diverse, with varying moisture content; some materials may have high moisture content, while others have relatively low moisture content. Many recyclable waste materials contain some moisture. The moisture in the material turns into water vapor during grinding due to the increased temperature. In high-temperature and high-humidity environments, ball mills are prone to clogging (in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, fine particles adhere to the inner wall of the ball mill, the partitions, the surface of the discharge grate, and the grinding media under the combined action of moisture and static electricity). Without changing the operating conditions, clogging will worsen over time. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the ball mill during operation to suppress the adverse effects of clogging. However, natural cooling of the ball mill takes a significant amount of time, approximately 4 hours, greatly impacting maintenance schedules. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problems raised in the background art, the present invention provides a ball mill to solve them, and the present invention will be further described below.

[0007] A ball mill includes a base fixedly arranged on the left and right sides, on which bearing seats are fixedly provided, and a ball mill body is provided between the two bearing seats; a feed pipe is integrally provided at the axis on the right side of the body, the feed pipe is supported on the bearing seat and connected to the feed hopper; a rotating shaft is fixedly provided on the left side of the body through a fixed seat, the rotating shaft is connected to the bearing seat bearing, and a gear is fixedly provided at the end of the rotating shaft, the rear end of the gear is meshed with a drive gear;

[0008] An outer shell is provided outside the main body. The outer shell is connected to the feed hopper and the rotating shaft through bearings. The outer shell is fixedly connected to the side of the bearing seat through fixing rings on both sides. A water inlet pipe is provided through the upper end of the outer shell. An axially arranged spray pipe is fixedly suspended inside the outer shell through fixing rings. The water inlet pipe is connected to the spray pipe. Multiple spray heads are evenly arranged below the spray pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the outer casing is provided with heat insulation cotton inside; the bottom of the spray head is also provided with a disc, the bottom of the disc being concave;

[0010] Preferably, an air outlet pipe is inclined on one side of the upper end of the outer casing; an air inlet pipe is also inclined on one side of the bottom of the outer casing, the air inlet pipe is connected to a fan, and the inclination angle of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe is the same; a drainage groove is provided on the outer surface of the main body.

[0011] Preferably, two water collection tanks are provided at the bottom of the outer casing, and a U-shaped guide pipe is provided inside the water collection tank. The U-shaped guide pipe is located below the main body, with one end penetrating through the bottom of the water collection tank to the outside of the outer casing, and the other end close to the bottom of the water collection tank.

[0012] Preferably, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the main body, a valve is provided inside the discharge port, and a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the outer casing, the diameter of the discharge pipe being larger than that of the discharge port;

[0013] Preferably, a ring block is provided on the side of the discharge port, and two sliding grooves are provided at the bottom of the outer casing. An L-shaped slider is slidably connected inside the sliding groove. The end plate of the L-shaped slider is a semi-circular arc plate. The shape of the bottom of the short end and the bottom of the long end of the L-shaped slider fits the shape of the bottom of the outer casing.

[0014] Preferably, a pin is fixedly provided at the lower end of the L-shaped slider, and a groove is provided at the bottom of the outer casing to facilitate the sliding of the pin.

[0015] Preferably, a stepped mounting groove is provided at the upper end of the groove, a rotating disk is slidably connected inside the mounting groove, the rotating disk is provided with two arc-shaped grooves in the radial direction, the pin rod passes through the arc-shaped grooves, an electric cylinder is provided on the bottom fixed side of the outer casing, and the output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the side of the pin rod.

[0016] Preferably, a flow-blocking block is also provided on the side of the annular block. The flow-blocking block is fixedly connected to the body and is located on both sides of the L-shaped slider. The flow-blocking block is annular in shape and its height is greater than that of the annular block.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are evenly provided on the side of the main body, an explosion-proof sheet is provided between two adjacent reinforcing ribs, and a partition is provided inside the main body. The diameter of the partition is smaller than the diameter of the inside of the main body, and the partition is fixedly connected to the reinforcing ribs on the side by a support rod.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention can cool the ball mill without stopping the machine, preventing the ball mill from clogging inside, and cools by combining air cooling and liquid cooling, which has high cooling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 : Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A of this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Top view of the L-shaped slider of this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 : Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure in direction B of this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 Top view of the rotating disk of the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Bearing seat; 3. Body; 4. Feed hopper; 5. Fixed seat; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Gear; 8. Outer shell; 9. Water inlet pipe; 10. Spray pipe; 11. Spray head; 12. Air outlet pipe; 13. Water collection tank; 14. U-shaped guide pipe; 15. Discharge port; 16. Valve; 17. Discharge pipe; 18. Groove; 19. Ring block; 20. L-shaped slider; 21. Pin rod; 22. Electric cylinder; 23. Feed pipe; 24. Partition plate; 25. Baffle block; 26. Reinforcing rib; 27. Explosion-proof plate; 28. Support rod; 29. ​​Mounting groove; 30. Rotating disc; 31. Arc-shaped groove; 32. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Next, we will combine the appendix Figure 1-5A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0026] A ball mill, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the mill includes left and right fixed bases 1, each with a bearing seat 2 fixedly mounted on it. A ball mill body 3 is located between the two bearing seats 2. A feed pipe 24 is integrally formed at the right axial center of the body 3. This feed pipe 24 is supported on the bearing seats 2 and connected to a feed hopper 4. Construction waste to be ball-milled enters the feed pipe 24 through the feed hopper 4 and ultimately enters the ball mill body 3. The feed pipe 24 is often equipped with a spiral feeding device, which feeds the construction waste into the ball mill body 3 in a spiral stirring manner.

[0027] A rotating shaft 6 is fixedly mounted on the left side of the main body 3 via a fixed base 5. The rotating shaft 6 is connected to the bearing housing 2, and a gear 7 is fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating shaft 6. The rear end of the gear 7 is meshed with a drive gear (not shown in the figure), and the drive gear is connected to the output shaft of a drive motor. The drive motor drives the ball mill body to rotate. The meshing of the rear end of the gear 7 with the drive gear actually forms a reduction system, driving the ball mill body to rotate slowly.

[0028] After initial processing, construction waste enters the main body 3 through the feed hopper 4. The drive gear 7 is then activated, causing the steel balls inside the main body 3 to grind the incoming material. The horizontal rotation of the main body moves the internal grinding media (usually steel spheres). When the grinding media are lifted to a certain height, they fall due to gravity, crushing the material inside the main body like projectiles. Additionally, the grinding media slip during the rotation, further grinding the material. Through this impact and grinding action, the construction waste is gradually pulverized. The pulverized waste is then discharged from the cylinder through the discharge section, completing the crushing and grinding operation.

[0029] As the background technology indicates, during ball mill operation, the impact and friction between the steel balls and the material generates a large amount of heat. The heated material easily adheres to the inner wall of the drum. However, the types of construction waste being ground vary greatly, with some having high moisture content and others relatively low. Many recyclable wastes contain some moisture. The moisture in the material turns into water vapor during grinding due to the increased temperature. In high-temperature and high-humidity environments, ball mills are prone to clogging (in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, under the combined action of moisture and static electricity, fine particles adhere to the inner wall of the ball mill, the diaphragms, the surface of the discharge grate, and the grinding media, a phenomenon known as clogging). Without changing the operating conditions, clogging will become increasingly severe over time. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the ball mill during operation to suppress the adverse effects of clogging.

[0030] Based on the above, this application adopts the following measures: an outer casing 8 is provided outside the main body 3. The outer casing 8 is connected to the feed hopper 4 and the rotating shaft 6 through bearings, and is fixedly connected to the sides of the bearing seat 2 through fixing rings on both sides of the outer casing 8. A water inlet pipe 9 is provided through the upper end of the outer casing 8. An axially arranged spray pipe 10 is fixedly suspended inside the outer casing 8 through fixing rings. The water inlet pipe 9 is connected to the spray pipe 10. A plurality of spray heads 11 are evenly arranged below the spray pipe 10. That is, when the main body 3 rotates and operates, the spray heads 11 are opened, and the coolant sprayed by the spray heads 11 will cool the outside of the main body 3. The coolant is preferably water.

[0031] It should be noted that the outer casing 8 is equipped with heat insulation cotton, mainly for heat insulation, especially in the high-temperature working environment outdoors, and at the same time it has a certain noise reduction effect on the noise caused by the violent impact and friction when the ball mill is working.

[0032] The water jet from the spray head 11 typically strikes the top surface of the body 3 directly. Due to the initial velocity of the water jet and the gravitational acceleration from its free fall onto the top surface of the body 3, the water hitting the top surface possesses significant kinetic energy and splashes up, affecting the efficiency of cooling the body surface. Therefore, in this embodiment, the spray head 11 is further provided with a disc at its bottom, the bottom of which is concave. With this arrangement, the coolant from the spray head 11 first contacts the center of the disc and then sprays outwards, thus reducing the kinetic energy of the outflowing fluid. More importantly, the fluid spreading outwards forms a water curtain, increasing the area in direct contact with the body surface and accelerating the cooling rate of the body.

[0033] An air outlet pipe 12 is inclined on one side of the upper end of the outer casing 8;

[0034] In conventional cooling methods, increasing the water flow rate sprayed by the spray head 11 is a way to enhance the cooling effect, but the effect of increasing the cooling fluid decreases significantly after a certain water volume. To further enhance the cooling effect, this embodiment achieves this by intensifying the phase change of the cooling fluid's evaporation without increasing the amount of cooling fluid. Specifically, an air inlet pipe 13 is also inclined on one side of the bottom of the outer casing 8. The air inlet pipe 13 is connected to an external fan, and the inlet pipe 13 and the outlet pipe 12 are inclined at the same angle. Preferably, the inlet pipe 13 and the outlet pipe 12 are inclined at 135 degrees, that is, after the air from the air inlet pipe 13 enters the cavity between the outer casing 8 and the main body 3, the cooling air will spiral forward around the main body 3 and then be discharged from the outlet pipe 12.

[0035] Furthermore, a flow channel is provided on the outer surface of the body 3, which allows the cooling fluid to flow along the flow channel on the surface of the body 3 to the side of the body facing away from the spray head 11, increasing the contact time with the outer surface of the body 3 and thus enhancing the cooling effect. At the same time, when the cooling air passes through the flow channel, it can form a small-scale turbulence on the outer surface of the body 3. The air-to-fluid flow intensifies the evaporation of the cooling fluid, and the evaporation of the cooling fluid absorbs energy from the environment, thereby further enhancing the cooling effect on the body.

[0036] This application uses a method of spraying coolant through spray nozzles 11. Over time, the coolant will accumulate at the bottom of the cavity between the outer casing 8 and the main body 3. When the liquid level gradually rises and contacts the bottom of the main body 3, the lower space flow channel of the cooling air is blocked, and the weight of the entire device increases dramatically, posing a safety hazard. Therefore, it is necessary to drain the coolant inside the cavity between the outer casing 8 and the main body 3. The solution in this embodiment is as follows: two water collection tanks 14 are provided at the bottom of the outer casing. A U-shaped guide pipe 15 is also provided inside the water collection tank 14. The U-shaped guide pipe 15 is located below the main body 3, with one end penetrating through the bottom of the water collection tank 14 to the outside of the outer casing 8, and the other end close to the bottom of the water collection tank 14. As coolant accumulates in the water collection tank 14, the water level gradually rises. When the water level exceeds the top of the U-shaped guide pipe 15, the coolant flows out under the guidance of the U-shaped guide pipe 15, continuing to flow outwards under the principle of siphon, until the water level in the water collection tank 14 is lower than the inlet of the U-shaped guide pipe. This cycle repeats automatically, discharging the accumulated water. Of course, the U-shaped guide pipe 15 can be externally connected to a heat exchange device, and the cooled water can then be connected to the inlet pipe 9 via a pipeline to achieve water resource recycling.

[0037] As attached Figure 2 As described above, after the main body 3 finishes grinding the incoming material, the ground material inside the main body 3 needs to be discharged. A discharge port 16 is provided at the bottom of the main body 3, and a valve 17 is installed inside the discharge port 16. The valve 17 is opened and closed by an external controller. This technology is existing technology and will not be elaborated further here. A discharge pipe 18 is provided at the bottom of the outer casing 8. The diameter of the discharge pipe 18 is larger than that of the discharge port 16. It should be noted that the discharge pipe 18 can be connected to an external pipe to send the ground material to a material collection device. In this example, the diameter of the discharge pipe 18 is twice the diameter of the discharge port 16. That is, after grinding, the rotation of the drive gear is controlled so that the discharge port 16 is above the discharge pipe 18, and then the valve 17 is opened, allowing the ground material to enter the discharge pipe 18 from the discharge port 16. In other words, the valve 17 can only be opened when the discharge port 16 is above the discharge pipe 18.

[0038] As attached Figure 3 As shown in this application, the ball mill is cooled by liquid cooling and air cooling. However, after grinding, coolant will still adhere to the surface of the ball mill. If it is not dried, the ball mill will be left idle for a long time, which will aggravate the corrosion of the surface of the ball mill. Furthermore, during the material discharge process, since there is a gap between the discharge pipe 18 and the discharge port 16, the discharged material contains a lot of dust. The leaked dust will adhere to the outer surface of the body 3 and the inner surface of the outer casing 8 under the action of coolant.

[0039] Of course, the above-mentioned problem can be solved by drying the coolant on the surface of the ball mill before discharging the material, but this will affect the working efficiency of the ball mill. Based on the above reasons, this application adopts the following solution: a circular block 20 is provided on the side of the discharge port 16, and two sliding grooves are provided at the bottom of the outer casing 8. L-shaped sliders 21 are slidably connected inside the sliding grooves. It should be noted that the end plate of the L-shaped slider 21 is a semi-circular arc plate, and the shape of the bottom of the short end and the bottom of the long end of the L-shaped slider 21 fits the shape of the bottom of the outer casing 8, that is, the two L-shaped sliders 21 form a circular channel; by controlling the two L-shaped sliders 21 to abut against the circular block 20, the material is collected.

[0040] In this embodiment, a pin 22 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the L-shaped slider 21, and a groove 19 is provided at the bottom of the outer casing 8 to facilitate the sliding of the pin 22; that is, the sliding of the two pins 22 can make the L-shaped slider 21 abut against the annular block 20; of course, there are many ways to make the two pins 22 slide, for example: two electric cylinders 23 are provided at the bottom of the outer casing 8, and the output ends of the two electric cylinders 23 are fixed on both sides of the L-shaped slider 21. The sliding of the L-shaped slider 21 can be completed by controlling the extension and retraction of the electric cylinders 23;

[0041] As mentioned above, the sliding of the L-shaped slider 21 can be completed by controlling the extension and retraction of the electric cylinder 23. The applicant believes that using two electric cylinders 23 will increase the enterprise cost. Based on this, the applicant adopts the following alternative solution: a stepped mounting groove 30 is provided at the upper end of the groove 19, and a rotating disk 31 is slidably connected inside the mounting groove 30. The rotating disk 31 is provided with two arc-shaped grooves 32 in the radial direction. The pin rod 22 passes through the arc-shaped grooves 32. An electric cylinder 23 is fixed on one side of the bottom of the outer casing 8. The output end of the electric cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the pin rod 22.

[0042] That is, by controlling the electric cylinder 23, the pin rod 22 is moved, thereby causing the rotating disk 31 to rotate, and then the pin rod 22 on the other side moves. It should be noted that when it is necessary to discharge material, the electric cylinder 23 is controlled to move the pin rod 22 forward, so that the L-shaped sliders 21 on both sides abut against the ring block 20, and then the valve is opened. When grinding in a ball mill, the electric cylinder 23 is controlled to move the pin rod 22 backward, so that the two L-shaped sliders 21 move away from each other.

[0043] Of course, during ball mill grinding, some coolant may enter the discharge pipe. Based on this, a baffle block 26 is provided on the side of the annular block 20. The baffle block 26 is fixedly connected to the body 3 and is located on both sides of the L-shaped slider 21. The baffle block 26 is annular and its height is greater than that of the annular block 20.

[0044] As attached Figure 4 As shown, multiple reinforcing ribs 27 are evenly arranged on the side of the main body 3, and an explosion-proof sheet 28 is provided between two adjacent reinforcing ribs 27. After the internal material is pulverized, its flammability changes, and there is a risk of deflagration. The explosion-proof sheet 28 is set to provide a safety protection for the ball mill. By rupturing, it releases pressure outward and protects the main body.

[0045] A partition 25 is provided inside the main body 3. The diameter of the partition 25 is smaller than the diameter inside the main body 3. The partition 25 is fixedly connected to the side reinforcing rib 27 by a support rod 29. By setting the partition 25, the grinding material accumulated inside can be isolated from the grinding balls directly impacting or accumulating on the explosion-proof sheet surface, thus avoiding the situation where the explosion-proof sheet is accidentally broken due to excessive local pressure.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can cool the ball mill without stopping the machine, preventing the ball mill from clogging inside, and cools by combining air cooling and liquid cooling, which has high cooling efficiency;

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ball mill, comprising a base (1) fixedly disposed on the left and right sides, bearing seats (2) fixedly disposed on both bases (1), and a ball mill body (3) disposed between the two bearing seats (2); a feed pipe (24) integrally disposed at the axis on the right side of the body (3), the feed pipe (24) being supported on the bearing seats (2) and connected to the feed hopper (4); a rotating shaft (6) fixedly disposed on the left side of the body (3) via a fixed seat (5), the rotating shaft (6) being connected to the bearing seats (2) by a bearing, and a gear (7) fixedly disposed at the end of the rotating shaft (6), the rear end of the gear (7) being meshed with a drive gear; Its features are: An outer shell cover (8) is provided outside the main body (3). The outer shell cover (8) is connected to the feed hopper (4) and the rotating shaft (6) through bearings. The outer shell cover (8) is fixedly connected to the side of the bearing seat (2) through fixing rings on both sides. A water inlet pipe (9) is provided through the upper end of the outer shell cover (8). An axially arranged spray pipe (10) is fixedly suspended inside the outer shell cover (8) through fixing rings. The water inlet pipe (9) is connected to the spray pipe (10). Multiple spray heads (11) are evenly provided below the spray pipe (10). The outer casing (8) is provided with heat insulation cotton inside; the bottom of the spray head (11) is also provided with a disc, the bottom of the disc is concave; An air outlet pipe (12) is inclined on one side of the upper end of the outer casing (8); an air inlet pipe (13) is also inclined on one side of the bottom of the outer casing (8), the air inlet pipe (13) is connected to a fan, and the inclination angle of the air inlet pipe (13) and the air outlet pipe (12) is the same; a drainage groove is provided on the outer surface of the body (3). A discharge port (16) is provided at the bottom of the main body (3), and a valve (17) is provided inside the discharge port (16). A discharge pipe (18) is provided at the bottom of the outer casing (8), and the diameter of the discharge pipe (18) is larger than that of the discharge port (16). A ring block (20) is provided on the side of the discharge port (16), and two sliding grooves are provided at the bottom of the outer shell (8). An L-shaped slider (21) is slidably connected inside the sliding groove. The end plate of the L-shaped slider (21) is a semi-circular arc plate. The shape of the bottom of the short end and the bottom of the long end of the L-shaped slider (21) fits the shape of the bottom of the outer shell (8). A pin rod (22) is fixedly provided at the lower end of the L-shaped slider (21), and a groove (19) is provided at the bottom of the outer casing (8) to facilitate the sliding of the pin rod. A stepped mounting groove (30) is provided at the upper end of the groove (19). A rotating disk (31) is slidably connected inside the mounting groove (30). Two arc-shaped grooves (32) are provided radially on the rotating disk (31). The pin rod (22) passes through the arc-shaped grooves (32). An electric cylinder (23) is provided on one side of the bottom of the outer casing (8). The output end of the electric cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to the side of the pin rod (22).

2. A ball mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two water collection tanks (14) are provided at the bottom of the outer shell. A U-shaped guide pipe (15) is also provided inside the water collection tank (14). The U-shaped guide pipe (15) is located below the main body (3). One end of the pipe passes through the bottom of the water collection tank (14) to the outside of the outer shell (8), while the other end is close to the bottom of the water collection tank (14).

3. A ball mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow-blocking block (26) is also provided on the side of the annular block (20). The flow-blocking block (26) is fixedly connected to the body (3) and the flow-blocking block (26) is located on both sides of the L-shaped slider (21). The flow-blocking block (26) is annular and the height of the flow-blocking block (26) is greater than the height of the annular block (20).

4. A ball mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple reinforcing ribs (27) are evenly provided on the side of the main body (3), and explosion-proof plates (28) are provided between two adjacent reinforcing ribs (27). A partition (25) is provided inside the main body (3). The diameter of the partition (25) is smaller than the diameter inside the main body (3). The partition (25) is fixedly connected to the reinforcing ribs (27) on the side by a support rod (29).

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