A mold exhaust device for alloy smelting

Abstract

The present invention provides a mold exhaust device for alloy smelting, which includes an upper exhaust block, a lower exhaust block and an exhaust pin assembly. An inlet, an overflow tank, first to fourth flow-blocking channels, an air outlet channel and a discharge port are sequentially connected between the upper and lower exhaust blocks, and porous ceramic plates are respectively arranged at the second and fourth flow-blocking channels; the exhaust pin assembly is arranged at the discharge port. The overflow tank serves as a buffer zone for the molten metal, capable of collecting cold materials, gases and excess molten metal; the multi-stage flow-blocking channels utilize the principles of gravity and hydrodynamics, capable of blocking the upward flow of the molten metal, promoting the floating and aggregation of bubbles, while guiding the natural separation and directional flow of gases, avoiding gas retention and improving the exhaust efficiency; the porous ceramic plates can optimize the exhaust efficiency and the molten metal blocking ability. By using this mold exhaust device, defects such as porosity and shrinkage porosity in the casting can be significantly reduced, and the density and mechanical properties of the casting can be improved. The exhaust pin assembly facilitates the control of the installation depth of the exhaust pins and improves the flexibility of use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alloy smelting and casting, and particularly to a mold exhaust device for alloy smelting. Background Art

[0002] Casting is a method of pouring liquid metal into a casting cavity adapted to the shape of a part, and waiting for it to cool and solidify to obtain a part or blank. The substances to be cast are mostly metals that were originally solid but heated to a liquid state, such as copper, iron, aluminum, tin, lead, etc., and the materials of the mold can be sand, metal, or even ceramics, etc.

[0003] During the casting process, if the gas (such as air, water vapor, reaction gas, etc.) in the mold cannot be discharged in time, it will cause defects such as pores and shrinkage cavities inside the casting, affecting the mechanical properties and surface quality of the casting. Currently, the common exhaust methods usually use simple exhaust holes or exhaust grooves, but these methods have problems such as low exhaust efficiency, easy gas backflow, and metal liquid infiltration into the exhaust channel, and need to be improved.

[0004] In addition, currently, the gas in the casting cavity is generally discharged through exhaust pins in the mold. However, the existing exhaust pin structure is relatively simple, and it is not convenient to control and adjust the depth of the exhaust pin inserted into the gas discharge port, so it cannot be applied to different types of die-casting molds, and the flexibility of use is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and to propose a mold exhaust device for alloy smelting, which can improve the exhaust efficiency, prevent gas backflow and metal liquid infiltration; at the same time, it is convenient to control and adjust the installation depth of the exhaust pin, and enhance the flexibility of use.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a mold exhaust device for alloy smelting, the mold exhaust device for alloy smelting includes an upper exhaust block, a lower exhaust block and an exhaust pin assembly. The upper exhaust block and the lower exhaust block are arranged opposite to each other. An inlet, an overflow groove, a first flow-blocking channel, a second flow-blocking channel, a third flow-blocking channel, a fourth flow-blocking channel, an air outlet channel and a discharge port are sequentially communicated between the upper exhaust block and the lower exhaust block. The first flow-blocking channel extends obliquely upward from the overflow groove and gradually narrows. A first porous ceramic plate is provided at the second flow-blocking channel. The third flow-blocking channel extends obliquely upward from the second flow-blocking channel and gradually narrows. A second porous ceramic plate is provided at the fourth flow-blocking channel; the exhaust pin assembly is arranged at the discharge port.

[0008] Preferably, the air outlet channel is divided into two branches at the fourth flow blocking channel, and each branch is bent. The end of each branch corresponds to an exhaust port, and a set of the exhaust pin assemblies is arranged at each exhaust port.

[0009] Preferably, the porosity of the first porous ceramic plate and the second porous ceramic plate is 30% - 50% respectively. The pore diameter of the first porous ceramic plate is not greater than 0.1 mm, and the pore diameter of the second porous ceramic plate is not greater than 0.08 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the exhaust pin assembly includes a fixed seat and an exhaust pin. A limiting disc is arranged on one side of the fixed seat, and the limiting disc is installed at the outer end of the exhaust port; a through hole is arranged in the fixed seat, and the through hole penetrates through the fixed seat and the limiting disc. The exhaust pin is inserted into the through hole and then inserted into the exhaust port; limiting grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the through hole, and a plurality of positioning grooves are correspondingly arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust pin. The plurality of positioning grooves are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust pin; a limiting frame is arranged inside the fixed seat, and a limiting part is arranged on the limiting frame. The limiting part passes through the limiting groove and is clamped into the corresponding positioning groove, so that the fixed seat and the exhaust pin are limited and fixed.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the through hole, and two rows of the positioning grooves are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the exhaust pin.

[0012] A U-shaped installation cavity is arranged in the fixed seat, and the through hole corresponds to the inner side of the installation cavity; the installation cavity includes a first cavity and two second cavities located on both sides of the first cavity, and the two second cavities are respectively communicated with the limiting grooves on both sides.

[0013] The limiting frame is U-shaped, and the limiting frame includes a first frame body and two second frame bodies located on both sides of the first frame body. The length direction of the first frame body is perpendicular to the central axis direction of the through hole, and the length direction of the second frame body is perpendicular to the length direction of the first frame body and the central axis direction of the through hole; the first frame body is arranged in the first cavity, and the two second frame bodies are respectively arranged in the two second cavities; the limiting part is arranged at one end of the second frame body far away from the first frame body, and the structure of the limiting part respectively matches the structures of the limiting groove and the positioning groove.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the first cavity is greater than the width of the first frame body, and the length of the second cavity is greater than the length of the second frame body; a first spring is arranged on one side of the first frame body close to the through hole, one end of the first spring is connected to the first frame body, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the first cavity; a button is arranged on the side of the first frame body far away from the through hole, and the button penetrates out of the fixed seat.

[0015] Preferably, the limiting portion is formed by the corresponding portion of the second frame body protruding towards the inner side of the limiting frame. A limiting surface is provided on one side of the limiting portion close to the first frame body, and the structure of the limiting surface matches the structure of the positioning groove.

[0016] Preferably, the exhaust pin has opposite first and second ends. An exhaust port and an exhaust passage are provided inside the exhaust pin. The exhaust port is located inside the first end of the exhaust pin, and the exhaust passage communicates with the exhaust port. A pin core is inserted at the exhaust port, and a plurality of air guide grooves are provided on the pin core. One end of the pin core protrudes from the first end of the exhaust pin, and the other end of the pin core is inserted into the exhaust passage and is provided with a fixing plate. A second spring is provided between the fixing plate and the inner wall of the exhaust pin.

[0017] Preferably, a sealing flange is provided at one end of the pin core away from the fixing plate, and a sealing surface is provided at one end of the exhaust port away from the exhaust passage. The structure of the sealing flange matches the structure of the sealing surface.

[0018] Preferably, the second end of the exhaust pin is inserted into the discharge port, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the second end of the exhaust pin.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the mold exhaust device of the present invention, the overflow groove serves as a buffer zone for the molten metal, capable of collecting cold materials, gases, and excess molten metal. The multi-stage flow blocking channels utilize the principles of gravity and hydrodynamics to block the upward flow of the molten metal, promote the floating and aggregation of bubbles, and at the same time guide the natural separation and directional flow of gases, avoiding gas retention and improving the exhaust efficiency. The porous ceramic plate allows gases to pass through but blocks the molten metal, thereby optimizing the exhaust efficiency and the molten metal blocking ability. By adopting this mold exhaust device, defects such as porosity and shrinkage in the casting can be significantly reduced, and the density and mechanical properties of the casting can be improved. In addition, this mold exhaust device has a compact structure and strong applicability, and can be compatible with different viscosity alloys and casting pressure conditions, broadening the application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mold exhaust device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower exhaust block according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the exhaust pin assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed seat according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed seat and the limit frame in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed seat in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the limit frame in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural view of the exhaust pin and the pin core in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural view of the exhaust pin and the pin core in other some embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic exploded view of the exhaust pin assembly in still other some embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure, 1 - fixed seat, 101 - limit disk, 1011 - fixing hole, 102 - through hole, 103 - limit groove, 104 - installation cavity, 1041 - first cavity, 1042 - second cavity, 105 - upper cover, 106 - lower cover, 107 - first guiding structure; 2 - exhaust pin, 201 - positioning groove, 202 - second guiding structure, 203 - exhaust port, 204 - exhaust passage, 204 - sealing surface, 206 - sealing ring; 3 - limit frame, 301 - first frame body, 302 - second frame body, 303 - limiting part, 3031 - limiting surface, 304 - first spring, 305 - button; 4 - pin core, 401 - air guiding groove, 402 - fixing plate, 403 - second spring, 404 - sealing flange; 5 - upper exhaust block; 6 - lower exhaust block, 601 - inlet, 602 - overflow groove, 603 - first flow blocking channel, 604 - second flow blocking channel, 605 - third flow blocking channel, 606 - fourth flow blocking channel, 607 - air outlet channel, 608 - discharge port, 609 - first porous ceramic plate, 610 - second porous ceramic plate; 7 - exhaust pin assembly. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. It can be understood that, without conflict, some technical means described in the various embodiments herein may be mutually replaced or combined.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, if there are terms such as "first" and "second", they are only used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. Thus, the objects defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such objects. Also, similar terms such as "one" or "a" do not indicate a quantity limitation but rather indicate the existence of at least one, and "a plurality" means not less than two.

[0033] In the description of the specification of the present invention, referring to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. means that in one or more embodiments of the present invention, specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment are included. Thus, statements such as "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other some embodiments", "in still other embodiments" etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0034] The present invention provides a mold exhaust device for alloy smelting, which is used to improve the exhaust efficiency, prevent gas backflow and metal liquid infiltration; at the same time, it is convenient to control and adjust the installation depth of the exhaust pins, enhancing the flexibility of use.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the mold exhaust device for alloy smelting includes an upper exhaust block 5, a lower exhaust block 6 and an exhaust pin assembly 7. The upper exhaust block 5 and the lower exhaust block 6 are arranged opposite to each other. Between the upper exhaust block 5 and the lower exhaust block 6, an inlet 601, an overflow groove 602, a first flow-blocking channel 603, a second flow-blocking channel 604, a third flow-blocking channel 605, a fourth flow-blocking channel 606, an air outlet channel 607 and a discharge port 608 are sequentially communicated. The first flow-blocking channel 603 extends obliquely upward from the overflow groove 602 and gradually narrows. A first porous ceramic plate 609 is provided at the second flow-blocking channel 604. The third flow-blocking channel 605 extends obliquely upward from the second flow-blocking channel 604 and gradually narrows. A second porous ceramic plate 610 is provided at the fourth flow-blocking channel 606; the exhaust pin assembly 7 is arranged at the discharge port 608.

[0036] In the above mold exhaust device, the overflow groove 302 serves as a buffer zone for the molten metal, capable of collecting cold materials, gases, and excess molten metal. At the first flow-blocking channel 603, through the design of a channel that extends obliquely upward and gradually narrows, the principles of gravity and hydrodynamics can be utilized to slow down the flow rate of the molten metal, promote the floating and aggregation of bubbles, and at the same time guide the natural separation and directional flow of gases, avoiding gas retention. At the second flow-blocking channel 604, combined with the first porous ceramic plate 609, it can allow gases to pass through but prevent the molten metal from passing through, optimizing the exhaust efficiency and the ability to block the molten metal. At the third flow-blocking channel 605, through the design of a channel that extends obliquely upward and gradually narrows, the principles of gravity and hydrodynamics can be utilized to promote the floating and aggregation of bubbles, and at the same time guide the natural separation and directional flow of gases, avoiding gas retention. At the fourth flow-blocking channel 606, combined with the second porous ceramic plate 610, a second-stage filtration is formed to create a hierarchical barrier, which can allow gases to pass through but prevent the molten metal from passing through, further optimizing the exhaust efficiency and the ability to block the molten metal. By using the above mold exhaust device, defects such as porosity and shrinkage porosity in the casting can be significantly reduced, and the density and mechanical properties of the casting can be improved. In addition, the mold exhaust device has a compact structure and strong applicability, and can be compatible with alloys of different viscosities and casting pressure conditions, broadening the application scenarios.

[0037] In some embodiments, the ratio of the depth of the overflow groove 302, the extension length of the first flow-blocking channel 603, the extension length of the second flow-blocking channel 604, the extension length of the third flow-blocking channel 605, and the extension length of the fourth flow-blocking channel 606 is 1:(5 - 12):(5 - 8):(3 - 6). In this way, better exhaust efficiency and effective blocking of the molten metal can be achieved. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the dimensions of each part can also be reasonably set according to the actual situation.

[0038] Referring to Figure 2 , in some embodiments, the gas outlet channel 607 branches into two branches from the fourth flow-blocking channel 606, and each branch is bent. The end of each branch corresponds to an exhaust port 608, and a set of exhaust pin assemblies 7 is arranged at each exhaust port 608. The design of the bent double-branch gas outlet channel can extend the gas flow path and form a turbulence effect to further exhaust gases, and the shunt design can avoid single-point failure, improve the fault tolerance of the system, and ensure the continuity of exhaust during the casting process, especially suitable for large or complex castings.

[0039] In some embodiments, the porosity of the first porous ceramic plate and the second porous ceramic plate is 30% - 50% respectively. On the premise of ensuring sufficient air permeability, the structural strength of the ceramic plate is maintained to avoid the risk of rupture under the high-pressure casting condition. The pore diameter of the first porous ceramic plate 609 is not greater than 0.1 mm, and the pore diameter of the second porous ceramic plate 610 is not greater than 0.08 mm. The first porous ceramic plate 609 and the second porous ceramic plate 610 form a hierarchical barrier, which can ensure the effective discharge of microbubbles and strictly prevent the leakage of molten metal.

[0040] Referring jointly to Figure 1 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the exhaust pin assembly 7 includes a fixed seat 1 and an exhaust pin 2. A limit disk 101 is provided on one side of the fixed seat 1, and the limit disk 101 is installed at the outer end of the discharge port 608. Among them, the limit disk 101 and the fixed seat 1 can be integrally connected or welded. Further, a plurality of fixing holes 1011 are provided on the limit disk 101, and the fixing holes 1011 are used to fix the limit disk 101 at the discharge port 608. The number of the fixing holes 1011 can be reasonably set according to actual needs.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1 and Figures 2 to 8 A through hole 102 is provided in the fixed seat 1. The through hole 102 penetrates the fixed seat 1 and the limit disk 101. The exhaust pin 2 is inserted into the through hole 102 and inserted into the discharge port 608. A limit groove 103 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 102. A plurality of positioning grooves 201 are correspondingly provided on the outer wall of the exhaust pin 2, and the plurality of positioning grooves 201 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust pin 2. A limit frame 3 is provided inside the fixed seat 1, and a limit portion 303 is provided on the limit frame 3. The limit portion 303 passes through the limit groove 103 and is engaged with the corresponding positioning groove 201, so that the fixed seat 1 and the exhaust pin 2 are limit-fixed.

[0042] In application, the limit disk 101 is used to install the exhaust pin assembly 7 at the discharge port 608. The exhaust pin 2 is correspondingly inserted into the discharge port 608. The structures of the fixed seat 1, the limit frame 3 and the exhaust pin 2 cooperate with each other. The exhaust pin 2 is fixed in the fixed seat 1 at different positions by the engagement of the limit portion 303 on the limit frame 3 and the positioning groove 201 correspondingly provided on the exhaust pin 2, so that the exhaust pin 2 is inserted into the discharge port 608 with a suitable installation depth, which is convenient to adjust the installation depth of the exhaust pin 2 according to the length of different discharge ports 608; the exhaust pin assembly 7 is convenient to install and simple to operate, and can be applied to molds with different structures and meet the casting process requirements of different products, improving the use flexibility.

[0043] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 5 and Figure 6, in some preferred embodiments, limiting grooves 103 are respectively provided on both sides of the hole wall of the through hole 102, and two rows of positioning grooves 201 are correspondingly provided on both sides of the outer wall of the exhaust pin 2. Multiple positioning grooves 201 in each row are evenly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust pin 2.

[0044] Furthermore, a U-shaped installation cavity 104 is provided in the fixed seat 1, and the through hole 102 corresponds to the inner side of the installation cavity 104; the installation cavity 104 includes a first cavity 1041 and two second cavities 1042 located on both sides of the first cavity 1041. The length direction of the first cavity 1041 is perpendicular to the central axis direction of the through hole 102, and the length direction of the second cavity 1042 is perpendicular to the length direction of the first cavity 1041 and the central axis direction of the through hole 102. The two second cavities 1042 are respectively communicated with the limiting grooves 103 on both sides.

[0045] Refer to Figures 5 to 7 , the limiting frame 3 is U-shaped, and the limiting frame 3 includes a first frame body 301 and two second frame bodies 302 located on both sides of the first frame body 301. The length direction of the first frame body 301 is perpendicular to the central axis direction of the through hole 102, and the length direction of the second frame body 302 is perpendicular to the length direction of the first frame body 301 and the central axis direction of the through hole 102. The first frame body 301 is arranged in the first cavity 1041, and the two second frame bodies 302 are respectively arranged in the two second cavities 1042. The limiting part 303 is arranged at one end of the second frame body 302 far from the first frame body 301, and the structure of the limiting part 303 respectively matches the structures of the limiting groove 103 and the positioning groove 201.

[0046] Furthermore, in the length direction of the second cavity 1042, the width of the first cavity 1041 is greater than the width of the first frame body 301, and the length of the second cavity 1042 is greater than the length of the second frame body 302. A first spring 304 is provided on one side of the first frame body 301 close to the through hole 102. One end of the first spring 304 is connected to the first frame body 301, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the first cavity 1041. The first spring 304 is located in the middle of the first frame body 301, and the central axis of the first spring 304 is parallel to the length direction of the second frame body 302. A button 305 is provided on the side of the first frame body 301 far from the through hole 102, and the button 305 penetrates through the fixed seat 1.

[0047] Refer to Figure 7 , the limiting part 303 is formed by protruding from the corresponding part of the second frame body 302 towards the inner side of the limiting frame 3 (here, the inner side refers to the inner side of the U-shaped structure of the limiting frame 303). A limiting surface 3031 is provided on one side of the limiting part 303 close to the first frame body 301, and the structure of the limiting surface 3031 matches the structure of the positioning groove 201.

[0048] During the use of the exhaust pin assembly 7, the exhaust pin assembly 7 is installed at the discharge port 608 by using the limit disc 101. When the button 305 is pressed (the force application direction is towards Figure 5 the left direction shown), the limit frame 3 moves towards Figure 5 the left direction shown, the first spring 304 is compressed, and the two limit parts 303 respectively disengage from the corresponding limit grooves 103 and enter one end of the corresponding second cavity 1042 away from the first cavity 1041. At this time, the limit part 303 does not have a limit and fixing effect on the exhaust pin 2, and the exhaust pin 2 can be axially moved, so as to adjust and control the axial position of the exhaust pin 2 in the fixed seat 1; after adjusting to a suitable position, ensure that the limit groove 103 is aligned with the corresponding positioning groove 201, then release the button 305, and the second spring 304 resets, thereby driving the limit frame 3 to move towards Figure 5 the right direction shown, and the limit part 303 re-enters the corresponding limit groove 103 and engages into the corresponding positioning groove 201 to play a limit and fixing role on the exhaust pin 2.

[0049] Referring to Figure 4 , in some embodiments, the fixed seat 1 has an upper cover 105 and a lower cover 106. The upper cover 105 is detachably connected to the lower cover 106. The installation cavity 104 and the limit groove 103 are formed between the upper cover 105 and the lower cover 106, and the limit disc 101 is connected to the lower cover 106. Further, the upper cover 105 and the lower cover 106 can be detachably connected by means of partial hinge plus bolt fixation, snap-fastening, etc. After disassembling the upper cover 105 and the lower cover 106, it is convenient to install or disassemble the limit frame 3.

[0050] Referring to Figure 10 , in some other embodiments, a first guiding structure 107 is provided on the hole wall of the through hole 102, and the extending direction of the first guiding structure 107 is parallel to the central axis direction of the through hole 102. A second guiding structure 202 matching the first guiding structure 107 is provided on the side wall of the exhaust pin 2, and the extending direction of the second guiding structure 202 is parallel to the central axis direction of the exhaust pin 2. Further, the first guiding structure 107 and the second guiding structure 202 can be designed as a convex block and groove structure that cooperate with each other. When adjusting the axial position of the exhaust pin 2 in the fixed seat 1, by using the cooperation of the first guiding structure 107 and the second guiding structure 202, the exhaust pin 2 can move along its axis, ensuring that the limit groove 103 and the positioning groove 201 are axially aligned, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and adjustment efficiency.

[0051] Referring to Figure 8, in some embodiments, the exhaust pin 2 has opposite first and second ends. An exhaust port 203 and an exhaust passage 204 are provided inside the exhaust pin 2. The exhaust port 203 is located inside the first end of the exhaust pin 2, and the exhaust passage 204 communicates with the exhaust port 203. A pin core 4 is inserted at the exhaust port 203, and a plurality of air guide grooves 401 are provided on the pin core 4; one end of the pin core 4 protrudes from the first end of the exhaust pin 2, and the other end of the pin core 4 is inserted into the exhaust passage 204 and is provided with a fixing plate 402. A second spring 403 is provided between the fixing plate 402 and the inner wall of the exhaust pin 2.

[0052] In application, the second end of the exhaust pin 2 is inserted into the discharge port 608. The gas sequentially passes through the inlet 601, the overflow groove 602, the first baffle passage 603, the second baffle passage 604, the third baffle passage 605, the fourth baffle passage 606, the air outlet passage 607 and the discharge port 608 and then enters the exhaust passage 204. The pressure of the gas is applied to the fixing plate 402. When the pressure of the gas is greater than the elastic force of the second spring 403, the second spring 403 will be compressed and the pin core 4 will be pushed outwards; when the pin core 4 is pushed outwards to a certain position, the exhaust passage 204, the air guide grooves 401, the exhaust port 203 and the outside communicate, and the gas can be discharged. When the gas is discharged, the fixing plate 402 is no longer subjected to the pressure of the gas, and the second spring 403 returns to its original length, thereby driving the pin core 4 to reset. In this way, the functions of automatic exhaust and pin core reset can be realized, which is convenient to use. In addition, in other embodiments, the first end of the exhaust pin 2 can also be connected to a vacuum pumping device. During the mold exhaust process, the vacuum pumping device pumps air outwards, so that the second spring 403 is compressed and the pin core 4 moves outwards, thereby discharging the gas.

[0053] Further, a sealing ring 206 is provided on the outer wall of the second end of the exhaust pin 2. The sealing ring 206 can be made of materials such as rubber to ensure the sealing performance when the exhaust pin 2 is installed in the discharge port 608.

[0054] Referring to Figure 9 , in some other embodiments, a sealing flange 404 is provided at one end of the pin core 4 away from the fixing plate 402, and a sealing surface 205 is provided at one end of the exhaust port 103 away from the exhaust passage 204. The structure of the sealing flange 404 matches the structure of the sealing surface 205. Further, the sealing flange 404 is frustum-shaped, and the sealing surface 205 is a matching conical surface structure. When the pin core 4 is installed in the exhaust port 203, the side wall of the sealing flange 404 fits with the sealing surface 205, thereby ensuring the sealing performance.

[0055] In the mold exhaust device of the present invention, the overflow groove serves as a buffer zone for the molten metal, capable of collecting cold materials, gases, and excess molten metal; the multi-stage flow-blocking channels utilize the principles of gravity and hydrodynamics to block the upward flow of the molten metal, promote the floating and aggregation of bubbles, and at the same time guide the natural separation and directional flow of gases, avoiding gas retention and improving the exhaust efficiency; the porous ceramic plate allows gases to pass through but blocks the molten metal, thereby optimizing the exhaust efficiency and the ability to block the molten metal. By adopting this mold exhaust device, defects such as porosity and shrinkage porosity in the casting can be significantly reduced, and the density and mechanical properties of the casting can be improved. At the same time, this mold exhaust device has a compact structure and strong applicability, and can be compatible with different viscosity alloys and casting pressure conditions, broadening the application scenarios. In addition, in the exhaust pin assembly, the structures of the fixed seat, the limit frame, and the exhaust pin cooperate with each other. The exhaust pin is fixed in the fixed seat at different positions by the engagement of the limit portion on the limit frame and the positioning groove correspondingly opened on the exhaust pin, so that the exhaust pin is inserted into the discharge port with a suitable installation depth, facilitating the control and adjustment of the installation depth of the exhaust pin, and can be applicable to different mold casting process requirements, improving the use flexibility.

[0056] The present invention has been described by the above related embodiments. However, the above embodiments are only examples for implementing the present invention. It must be pointed out that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. On the contrary, modifications and refinements made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention fall within the scope of the patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mold exhaust device for alloy smelting, characterized in that: The exhaust device of the casting mold for alloy smelting comprises an upper exhaust block, a lower exhaust block and an exhaust pin assembly, the upper exhaust block is arranged opposite to the lower exhaust block, and the upper exhaust block and the lower exhaust block are sequentially connected to each other and are provided with an inlet, an overflow groove, a first flow blocking channel, a second flow blocking channel, a third flow blocking channel, a fourth flow blocking channel, an air outlet channel and a discharge port, the first flow blocking channel extends obliquely upward from the overflow groove and gradually narrows, the second flow blocking channel is provided with a first porous ceramic plate, the third flow blocking channel extends obliquely upward from the second flow blocking channel and gradually narrows, and the fourth flow blocking channel is provided with a second porous ceramic plate; the exhaust pin assembly is arranged at the discharge port; The exhaust pin assembly comprises a fixing seat and an exhaust pin, a limiting plate being provided on one side of the fixing seat, and the limiting plate being mounted on the outer end of the exhaust port; a through hole being provided in the fixing seat, and the through hole passing through the fixing seat and the limiting plate, and the exhaust pin being passed through the through hole and inserted into the exhaust port; a limiting groove being provided on the hole wall of the through hole, and a plurality of positioning grooves being correspondingly provided on the outer wall of the exhaust pin, and the plurality of positioning grooves being arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust pin; a limiting frame being provided inside the fixing seat, and a limiting part being provided on the limiting frame, and the limiting part passing through the limiting groove and being snapped into the corresponding positioning groove, so that the fixing seat and the exhaust pin are limitedly fixed; The limiting grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the hole wall of the through hole, and two rows of positioning grooves are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the exhaust pin; The fixing seat is provided with a U-shaped installation cavity, and the through hole corresponds to the inner side of the installation cavity; the installation cavity includes a first cavity and two second cavities located on both sides of the first cavity, and the two second cavities are respectively connected to the limiting grooves on both sides; The limiting frame is U-shaped, and comprises a first frame body and two second frames located on both sides of the first frame body, the length direction of the first frame body is perpendicular to the central axis direction of the through hole, and the length direction of the second frame body is perpendicular to the length direction of the first frame body and the central axis direction of the through hole; the first frame body is arranged in the first cavity, and the two second frames are respectively arranged in the two second cavities; the limiting part is arranged at one end of the second frame body away from the first frame body, and the structure of the limiting part matches the structures of the limiting groove and the positioning groove respectively; The width of the first cavity is greater than the width of the first frame, and the length of the second cavity is greater than the length of the second frame; a first spring is provided on a side of the first frame close to the through hole, one end of the first spring is connected to the first frame, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the first cavity; a button is provided on a side of the first frame away from the through hole, and the button passes through the fixing seat; The limiting portion is formed by the corresponding portion of the second frame protruding toward the inner side of the limiting frame, and a limiting surface is provided on a side of the limiting portion close to the first frame, and the structure of the limiting surface matches the structure of the positioning groove; The exhaust pin has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, an exhaust port and an exhaust channel are provided inside the exhaust pin, the exhaust port is located inside the first end of the exhaust pin, and the exhaust channel is communicated with the exhaust port; a pin core is inserted at the exhaust port, and a plurality of air guide grooves are provided on the pin core; one end of the pin core is exposed at the first end of the exhaust pin, and the other end of the pin core is inserted into the exhaust channel and is provided with a fixing plate, and a second spring is provided between the fixing plate and the inner wall of the exhaust pin.

2. The exhaust device for alloy smelting casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet channel is divided into two branches from the fourth flow blocking channel, and each branch is bent. The end of each branch corresponds to an exhaust port, and a group of exhaust pin assemblies is arranged at each exhaust port.

3. The exhaust device for alloy smelting casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the first porous ceramic plate and the second porous ceramic plate are respectively 30% to 50%, the pore size of the first porous ceramic plate is not greater than 0.1 mm, and the pore size of the second porous ceramic plate is not greater than 0.08 mm.

4. The exhaust device for alloy smelting casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing flange is provided at one end of the pin core away from the fixing plate, and a sealing surface is provided at one end of the exhaust port away from the exhaust channel. The structure of the sealing flange matches the structure of the sealing surface.

5. The exhaust device for alloy smelting casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the exhaust pin is inserted into the exhaust port, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the second end of the exhaust pin.

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