Artemisia argyi combing and brushing defoliating machine

Abstract

According to the wormwood combing and brushing defoliating machine, flexible rubber teeth are used as combing and brushing components, impact on wormwood stalks can be reduced in the defoliating process, damage to the wormwood stalks is avoided, multiple crops can be separated in a combing and brushing mode, adjacent rubber brushing teeth can continuously rub wormwood leaves, and therefore the wormwood leaves can be separated. And the wormwood leaves can be pressed to the silica gel sleeve of the pair of rollers to be pulled, so that the leaf removal work is completed. The device integrates high efficiency, accuracy and multiple adaptability, and is specially designed for solving the problems of high labor cost, long consumed time, low efficiency and the like in the wormwood leaf removing process. One of the core components is a defoliating device, and the defoliating device realizes efficient defoliating treatment on wormwood through a precise mechanical structure and a working principle. The device also has better adaptability, can cope with different varieties of wormwood with different water contents, and provides powerful technical support for the mechanization and automation progress of wormwood defoliation operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery automation, and in particular relates to a wormwood combing and defoliating machine. Background Art

[0002] As a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, mugwort has extremely high medicinal value and its audience is increasing. In production, mugwort leaves are obtained by drying, dehydrating and then defoliating the harvested mugwort. At present, the defoliation of mugwort is almost entirely done by manpower, and the time taken for defoliation of mugwort is about 65% of the entire harvesting operation time. The defoliation efficiency is about 40 leaves per person per minute, and the manual defoliation fee is about 120 yuan per person per day. Therefore, defoliation by defoliator is the most suitable method.

[0003] The physical and mechanical properties of wormwood of different varieties and different water contents are somewhat complex. The length and mechanical properties of dried wormwood stems and leaves will vary due to different water contents. Dried wormwood is more likely to break when squeezed or collided; the petiole has reduced toughness, and the force direction that makes it easier to break will also change to a certain extent.

[0004] In recent years, experts and scholars have developed relevant defoliation machinery for the core link of mugwort defoliation, but most of the relevant machinery is only based on the continuous repetition of practical experience, without systematic research; the efficiency and quality of mechanical single defoliation are difficult to guarantee, and the problems of long time, low efficiency and high cost of defoliation have not been solved; machinery has greatly dampened the enthusiasm of farmers to grow mugwort and restricted the development of the mugwort industry. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the mechanization of mugwort defoliation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a mugwort combing and brushing defoliator, which can achieve fast and accurate defoliation that is adaptable to a variety of row widths and improve the defoliation rate.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A flexible defoliation device for wormwood comprises a brush roller assembly and a frame, wherein two brush roller assemblies are vertically mounted side by side on the frame, a plurality of rows of flexible toothed belts are sleeved side by side on the outer surface of the brush roller assembly, a plurality of flexible brush teeth are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the toothed belt, and the brush teeth on the plurality of rows of toothed belts are irregularly staggered;

[0008] The brush roller assembly is used to drive the toothed belt to rotate in a vertical plane. The toothed belts of the two brush roller assemblies are adjacent and the brush teeth are staggered. The gap between the two brush roller assemblies forms a feeding area. The two brush roller assemblies are used to rotate in the same direction and comb and remove the leaves of the mugwort entering the feeding area.

[0009] Furthermore, when the toothed belt is in a natural state, the brush teeth are radially inclined at 30 to 40 degrees.

[0010] Furthermore, the brush roller assembly includes an active roller, a driven roller and a mounting plate, the active roller and the driven roller are both arranged on the mounting plate, and the outer surfaces of the active roller and the driven roller are provided with a plurality of circles of positioning grooves along the axial direction, the toothed belt sleeve is arranged in the positioning groove, and the mounting height of the driven roller on the mounting plate is adjustable, and the toothed belt can be stretched by changing the mounting height of the driven roller, so as to adjust the tightness of the toothed belt and the height of the feed area.

[0011] Furthermore, the active roller and the driven roller are both rubber rollers.

[0012] Furthermore, the spacing between two adjacent rows of toothed belts on the brush roller assembly is 3 to 5 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the frame includes a fixed frame and a movable frame, the movable frame can be detachably mounted on the fixed frame, the two brush roller assemblies are respectively arranged on the fixed frame and the movable frame, and the distance between the two brush roller assemblies can be changed by changing the horizontal installation position of the movable frame on the fixed frame, thereby adjusting the width of the feeding area.

[0014] Furthermore, the toothed belt is made of a rubber material with an HRA of 30 to 50 degrees, and a positioning protrusion cooperating with the positioning groove is arranged on the inner side of the toothed belt.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention uses a combination of rubbing and rubbing to remove leaves. Specifically, the device is equipped with an engine, a power transmission device and a flexible combing and brushing element, and the three work together to complete the defoliation task. The wormwood is manually transported between two sets of rotating flexible combing and brushing elements. During this process, the flexible elements will scrape the wormwood. As the wormwood continues to move forward, the two flexible elements will continue to rub and scratch the wormwood so that the wormwood leaves fall off. Due to the softness of the elements and the moderate strength, this process is sufficient to quickly detach some of the looser wormwood leaves. At the same time, the extrusion force generated by the flexible element will force the wormwood to squeeze towards the brush rollers and brush teeth on both sides. This rubbing force can effectively break the petiole of the wormwood leaves, thereby achieving a deeper defoliation effect.

[0017] The entire defoliation process of the present invention not only ensures the thoroughness of defoliation, but also avoids excessive damage to the stems and leaves of mugwort, fully demonstrating the ingenuity and efficiency of the defoliation device design of the present invention. In addition, the device also has good adaptability. By adjusting the height and width of the feed area, it can be applied to mugwort of different varieties and different moisture contents, providing strong technical support for the mechanization and automation of mugwort defoliation operations.

[0018] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mugwort combing and defoliating machine of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the brush roller assembly structure;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rack structure;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rubber roller structure;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of toothed belt structure;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate structure.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0026] Among them: 1. driving sprocket; 2. frame; 3. motor; 4. observation cover; 5. movable cover; 6. chain; 7. driven sprocket; 8. brush roller assembly; 9. chain box; 10. toothed belt; 11. movable bearing seat; 12. mounting plate; 13. rubber roller; 14. fixed bearing seat; 15. fixed frame; 16. positioning baffle; 17. movable frame; 18. adjustment device; 19. motor mounting seat; 20. mandrel; 21. rubber layer; 22. positioning groove; 23. brush teeth; 24. positioning protrusion; 25. mounting plate body; 26. lower bending edge; 27. side bending edge; 28. upper bending edge DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "middle", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In addition, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a defoliation device of a wormwood combing and brushing defoliation machine is composed of a brush roller assembly 8, a frame 2, a movable cover 5, an observation cover 4, a motor 3, a driving sprocket 1, a driven sprocket 7, a chain 6 and a chain box 9. The brush roller assembly 8 is installed opposite to each other on the left and right, and is connected to the movable frame 17 and the fixed frame 15 of the frame 2 by bolts on the side and the bottom respectively. The spacing between the opposing brush roller assemblies 8 can be changed by loosening and tightening the bolts on the bottom side and changing the position of the movable frame 17. The motor 3 is installed on the side of the middle layer of the frame 2, and is connected to the motor press seat 19 on the frame 2 by bolts. The driving sprocket 1 is installed on it, and is connected to the driven sprocket 7 installed on the brush roller assembly 8 by the chain 6. The movable cover 5 is connected to the upper crossbeam of the frame 2 by a hinge, and the observation cover 4 is welded to the middle layer of the frame 2. An observation port is opened in the center of the cover, and a transparent acrylic plate is fixed on it by bolts. The chain box 9 is fixed to the frame 2 by bolts and is used to wrap the chain 6 and the sprocket.

[0033] The brush roller assembly 8 includes a rubber roller 13, a toothed belt 10, a mounting plate 12, a fixed bearing seat 14, and an adjustable bearing seat 11. The brush roller assembly 8 adopts a modular design. When replacing, the entire brush roller assembly module is directly replaced, which can simplify the replacement steps and reduce the replacement time. The fixed bearing seat 14 and the adjustable bearing seat 11 are fixed to the mounting plate 12 by bolt connection. The upper and lower rubber rollers 13 are respectively installed on the adjustable bearing seat 11 and the fixed bearing seat 14. The toothed belt 10 is simultaneously sleeved on the two rubber rollers 13. The positioning protrusion 24 of the toothed belt 10 cooperates with the positioning groove 22 of the rubber roller 13. The toothed belts 10 of the left and right groups of brush roller assemblies 8 are installed in reverse. The spacing between adjacent brush teeth 23 is 5mm. The adjustable bearing seat 11 is used to adjust the installation height of the upper rubber roller 13 to tension the toothed belt 10. The height adjustment can be achieved by adjusting the positioning nut of the screw. In this embodiment, the installation height adjustment range of the upper rubber roller 13 is 12 cm.

[0034] The frame 2 mainly includes a fixed frame 15 and a movable frame 17. Both frames are welded with 304 square steel pipes and provided with positioning baffles 16. The movable frame 17 is placed above the middle layer of the fixed frame 15 and connected to the fixed frame 15 by bolts. The movable frame 17 can be moved left and right by loosening and tightening the fixing bolts and adjusting the position adjustment device 18. The positioning baffles 16 can be used for rapid positioning and restraining the frame 2 and the brush roller assembly 8 during installation to prevent forward and backward sliding. A motor mounting seat 19 is welded on the frame 2 to cooperate with the square steel pipe of the frame 2 to fix the position of the motor 3. In this embodiment, the lateral movement range of the movable frame 17 is 2 cm.

[0035] As an implementation mode, the core shaft 20 of the rubber roller 13 is made of 304 stainless steel, and the core shaft 20 is wrapped with a rubber layer 21 of HRA50-60 degrees. The roller diameter is 80 mm, the roller length is 500 mm, and a positioning groove 22 with a radius of 5 mm is opened on the roller to position the toothed belt 10. The axial spacing of the positioning grooves 22 is 26-30 mm, and there are 16 axially distributed grooves.

[0036] As an implementation method, Figure 5 As shown, the toothed belt 10 is cast with rubber of HRA30-50 degrees, with a total width of 26-30 mm, 16 brush teeth 23 evenly distributed in the circumference of the toothed belt 10, the brush teeth 23 are 7.5 mm away from the center plane, and are radially inclined at 30-40 degrees, the brush teeth 23 are 80 mm long and 10 mm in diameter, and the top of the brush teeth 23 is chamfered by 5 mm. A positioning protrusion 24 is provided at the center of the inner ring of the toothed belt 10 to position the toothed belt 10 and prevent the toothed belt 10 from running off during operation.

[0037] As an implementation method, Figure 6As shown, the mounting plate 12 is made of 304 stainless steel plate by bending, and a bearing seat mounting hole and a rubber roller shaft through hole are opened on it. The lower side 26, the side 27 and the upper side 28 of the mounting plate body 25 are bent, and the lower side 26 and the side 27 are bent outward, and bolt connection holes are opened on them for connecting with the frame 2. The upper side 28 is bent inward to position the movable cover 5.

[0038] The present invention uses flexible rubber teeth as combing and brushing components, which can reduce the impact on the mugwort stalks during the leaf removal process and avoid damage to the mugwort stalks. It can comb and brush and separate multiple crops. Adjacent rubber brush teeth can continuously rub the mugwort leaves, and can also press the mugwort leaves onto the silicone sleeves of the rollers for pulling, thereby completing the leaf removal work.

[0039] In this embodiment, when defoliating mugwort, the rotation speed of the rollers is 65r / min, and the distance between the rollers is 60mm. A person holds the upper part of the mugwort to retain the leaves, and feeds the lower part to be defoliated into the working area of ​​the mechanical mugwort flexible defoliation device. 10 to 20 pieces of mugwort are fed each time. After two unidirectional feedings, the defoliation rate of mugwort is greater than 90%, the stem damage rate is less than 5%, and the defoliation efficiency is 60 to 120 pieces / min.

[0040] The invention is characterized by high efficiency, precision and adaptability, and is designed to solve the problems of high labor cost, long time consumption and low efficiency in the process of defoliation of mugwort. One of its core components is the defoliation device, which realizes efficient defoliation of mugwort through precise mechanical structure and working principle.

[0041] The above is an example of the best implementation of the present invention, and the parts not described in detail are common knowledge of ordinary technicians in the field. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical enlightenment of the present invention is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible defoliation device for wormwood, characterized in that: It comprises a brush roller assembly (8) and a frame (2), wherein two brush roller assemblies (9) are vertically mounted side by side on the frame (2), a plurality of rows of flexible toothed belts (10) are sleeved side by side on the outer surface of the brush roller assembly (9), a plurality of flexible brush teeth (23) are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the toothed belt (10), and the brush teeth (23) on the plurality of rows of toothed belts (10) are irregularly staggered; The brush roller assembly (9) is used to drive the toothed belt (10) to rotate in a vertical plane, the toothed belts (10) of the two brush roller assemblies (9) are adjacent and the brush teeth (23) are staggered, the gap between the two brush roller assemblies (9) forms a feeding area, and the two brush roller assemblies (9) are used to rotate in the same direction and comb and remove the leaves of the mugwort entering the feeding area.

2. The flexible defoliation device for wormwood according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the toothed belt (10) is in a natural state, the brush teeth (23) are inclined at 30 to 40 degrees in the radial direction.

3. The flexible defoliation device for wormwood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brush roller assembly (9) comprises an active roller, a driven roller and a mounting plate (12), wherein the active roller and the driven roller are both arranged on the mounting plate (12), and the outer surfaces of the active roller and the driven roller are provided with a plurality of circles of positioning grooves (22) along the axial direction, and the toothed belt (10) is sleeved in the positioning grooves (22), and the mounting height of the driven roller on the mounting plate (12) is adjustable, and the toothed belt (10) can be stretched by changing the mounting height of the driven roller, thereby adjusting the tightness of the toothed belt (10) and the height of the feeding area.

4. The flexible defoliation device for wormwood according to claim 3, characterized in that: The active roller and the driven roller are both rubber rollers.

5. The flexible defoliation device for wormwood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between two adjacent rows of toothed belts (10) on the brush roller assembly (9) is 3 to 5 mm.

6. The flexible defoliation device for wormwood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (2) comprises a fixed frame (15) and a movable frame (17); the movable frame (17) is detachably mounted on the fixed frame (15); the two brush roller assemblies (9) are respectively arranged on the fixed frame (15) and the movable frame (17); and the spacing between the two brush roller assemblies (9) can be changed by changing the horizontal installation position of the movable frame (17) on the fixed frame (15), thereby adjusting the width of the feeding area.

7. The flexible defoliation device for wormwood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toothed belt (10) is made of a rubber material with an HRA of 30 to 50 degrees, and a positioning protrusion (24) cooperating with a positioning groove (22) is arranged on the inner side of the toothed belt (10).

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