Packaging film, preparation method thereof and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to a packaging film, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic module, the packaging film is used for covering a solar cell in the photovoltaic module, and the packaging film comprises two composite units and a first bonding layer arranged between the two composite units; each composite unit comprises at least one composite part, each composite part comprises a base material layer and a blocking layer which are arranged in a stacked mode, and the blocking layers are used for blocking water and oxygen; the part, in contact with the first bonding layer, in the composite unit is the barrier layer; therefore, the packaging film has better water and oxygen barrier capability, so that the packaging reliability of the packaging film on the solar cell in the photovoltaic module is improved, the risk of failure of the solar cell due to water and oxygen erosion is greatly reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic cell technology, and in particular to a packaging film and a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, are semiconductor devices that convert sunlight directly into electrical energy. As they are green and environmentally friendly products that do not cause environmental pollution, and solar energy is a renewable resource, solar cells are a new type of battery with broad development prospects.

[0003] Solar cells include thin-film cells and crystalline silicon cells. Thin-film cells have gradually been widely used due to their advantages such as low manufacturing cost, light weight, good flexibility and high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0004] In the related art, in order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules, the solar cells in the photovoltaic modules include thin-film cells and crystalline silicon cells; however, due to the poor packaging effect of photovoltaic modules, the thin-film cells are easily corroded by water and oxygen and fail, resulting in a decrease in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic modules. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the present application provides a packaging film and a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic module, which can provide effective packaging for solar cells in the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a packaging film for covering a solar cell in a photovoltaic module, comprising two composite units and a first adhesive layer disposed between the two composite units;

[0007] Each of the composite units includes at least one composite part, and the composite part includes a substrate layer and a barrier layer which are stacked, and the barrier layer is used to block water and oxygen; the barrier layer in the composite unit is in contact with the first adhesive layer.

[0008] The encapsulation film provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used to cover the solar cells in the photovoltaic module. The encapsulation film includes two composite units and a first adhesive layer arranged between the two composite units, each composite unit includes at least one composite part, the composite part includes a substrate layer and a barrier layer arranged in a stacked manner, the barrier layer is used to block water and oxygen, and the barrier layer is in contact with the first adhesive layer in the composite unit, that is, the encapsulation film includes at least two composite parts, the two composite parts are bonded together by the first adhesive layer, and the substrate layers of the two composite parts separate the barrier layer from the outside world, which can avoid problems such as scratches on the barrier layer, so that the encapsulation film has a good water and oxygen barrier ability, which is conducive to improving the encapsulation reliability of the encapsulation film for the solar cells in the photovoltaic module, greatly reducing the risk of failure of the solar cells due to water and oxygen erosion, and thus can be conducive to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, at least one of the composite units includes a plurality of the composite parts stacked in layers; a second adhesive layer is provided between two adjacent composite parts.

[0010] In this way, the packaging film can include more composite parts, and accordingly, the packaging film includes more barrier layers, which can greatly improve the ability of the packaging film to block water and oxygen, and improve the packaging performance of the packaging film, thereby effectively improving the packaging effect of the packaging film on the solar cells in the photovoltaic module, and thus helping to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. In addition, through the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer, the bonding reliability between the composite parts can be guaranteed, the probability of separation between the film layers in the packaging film can be reduced, the reliability of the packaging film structure can be guaranteed, and the packaging performance of the packaging film can be guaranteed.

[0011] In one embodiment, the barrier layer of each composite part is disposed on a side of the corresponding substrate layer close to the first adhesive layer.

[0012] In this way, the outermost layer of the packaging film can be the substrate layer, and all barrier layers of the packaging film are located inside the packaging film, thereby greatly reducing the probability of damage to the barrier layers in the packaging film, ensuring the water and oxygen barrier capacity of the packaging film, and ensuring the packaging performance of the packaging film.

[0013] In one embodiment, the thickness of the barrier layer is 1 nm to 0.5 mm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the material of the barrier layer includes an inorganic material;

[0015] And / or, the material of the barrier layer includes at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and silicon oxide.

[0016] In this way, the barrier layer can better block water and oxygen, thereby effectively improving the water and oxygen barrier capacity of the packaging film and effectively improving the packaging performance of the packaging film.

[0017] In one embodiment, a third adhesive layer is disposed on a side of at least one of the composite units away from the first adhesive layer.

[0018] Thus, by providing a third adhesive layer, the bonding reliability between the packaging film and the solar cells and other film layers in the photovoltaic module can be improved, which is beneficial to improving the packaging reliability of the packaging film for the solar cells, and further beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0019] In one embodiment, a third bonding layer is disposed on a side of one of the composite units away from the first bonding layer, and a first coating layer is disposed on a side of another composite unit away from the first bonding layer.

[0020] In this way, the bonding reliability between the packaging film and the solar cells and other film layers in the photovoltaic module can be improved. For example, when the packaging film is used to encapsulate the solar cells in the photovoltaic module, the packaging film can be bonded to the solar cells through the third adhesive layer. The first coating layer can increase the bonding reliability between the packaging film and the adhesive film in the photovoltaic module, which is beneficial to improve the packaging reliability of the packaging film for the solar cells in the photovoltaic module, improve the reliability of the photovoltaic module, and then help improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0021] In one embodiment, a second coating layer is provided between the composite unit and the third adhesive layer.

[0022] Thus, by providing the second coating between the composite unit and the third adhesive layer, the bonding strength between the composite unit and the third adhesive layer can be improved, the bonding reliability between the composite unit and the third adhesive layer can be improved, and the packaging performance of the packaging film can be improved.

[0023] In one embodiment, the thickness of the third adhesive layer is 30 um to 200 um; and / or,

[0024] The material of the third adhesive layer includes at least one of acrylic adhesive and epoxy adhesive; and / or,

[0025] The thickness of the first coating is 1 um to 20 um; and / or,

[0026] The material of the first coating layer includes at least one of fluorocarbon, acrylic, epoxy, and polyester; and / or,

[0027] The thickness of the second coating is 1 um to 20 um; and / or,

[0028] The material of the second coating layer includes at least one of fluorocarbon, acrylic, epoxy, and polyester.

[0029] In one embodiment, the thickness of the substrate layer is 30 um to 200 um; and / or,

[0030] The material of the substrate layer includes at least one of polyolefins, polyesters, olefin copolymers, fluororesins, and polyamides.

[0031] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a packaging film, comprising:

[0032] Two composite units are formed, each of which comprises at least one composite part, wherein the composite part comprises a substrate layer and a barrier layer which are stacked; the barrier layer is used to block water and oxygen;

[0033] The first adhesive layer is used to bond the two composite units together, and the barrier layer is in contact with the first adhesive layer in the composite unit.

[0034] The preparation method of the packaging film provided in the embodiment of the present application forms two composite units, each of which includes at least one composite part, and the composite part includes a substrate layer and a barrier layer which are stacked; the barrier layer is used to block water and oxygen; the two composite units are bonded together by a first adhesive layer, and the barrier layer is in contact with the first adhesive layer in the composite unit, so that the packaging film can include at least two composite parts, and the two composite parts are bonded together by the first adhesive layer, which can improve the bonding reliability between the composite parts, thereby improving the reliability of the packaging film; the substrate layers of the two composite parts can separate the barrier layer from the outside world, and can avoid problems such as scratches on the barrier layer, so that the packaging film has good water and oxygen barrier ability, which is beneficial to improve the packaging reliability of the packaging film for solar cells in photovoltaic modules, greatly reduce the risk of failure of solar cells due to water and oxygen erosion, and further can be beneficial to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0035] In one embodiment, the composite unit is formed by the following steps:

[0036] providing the substrate layer;

[0037] forming the barrier layer on one surface of the substrate layer to obtain the composite part;

[0038] The plurality of composite parts are stacked and arranged in the same direction, and a second bonding layer is arranged between two adjacent composite parts to bond the plurality of composite parts together.

[0039] In the above process, multiple composite parts are stacked and arranged with the same orientation, and a second adhesive layer is arranged between two adjacent composite parts to bond the multiple composite parts together. In this way, on the one hand, the bonding reliability between the multiple composite parts in the composite unit can be improved; on the other hand, when the first adhesive layer is used to bond the two composite units together, the barrier layer of each composite part can be conveniently located on the side of the corresponding substrate layer close to the first adhesive layer. In this way, all the barrier layers of the packaging film can be located inside the packaging film, thereby greatly reducing the probability of damage to the barrier layers in the packaging film, improving the water and oxygen barrier capacity of the packaging film, and improving the packaging performance of the packaging film.

[0040] An embodiment of the third aspect of the present application is a photovoltaic module, comprising a solar cell and the packaging film described in any of the above embodiments; the packaging film covers the solar cell.

[0041] The photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application includes the packaging film described in any of the above embodiments. By covering the solar cell with the packaging film, the packaging film can effectively block water and oxygen, thereby greatly reducing the risk of failure of the solar cell due to water and oxygen erosion, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic module maintains a high photoelectric conversion efficiency. In addition, since the packaging film can realize the packaging of the solar cell in the photovoltaic module, the butyl rubber water-blocking structure around the photovoltaic module can be eliminated. In this way, the manufacturing process and manufacturing cycle of the photovoltaic module can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module can be reduced. Secondly, the area of ​​the power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic module can be increased, which is conducive to increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the packaging film provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a packaging film provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the packaging film is shown.

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the packaging film.

[0046] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the packaging film.

[0047] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the packaging film.

[0048] Figure 7The present invention is a flow chart of a method for preparing a packaging film provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Description of reference numerals:

[0050] 10. packaging film; 110. composite unit; 110a. composite part; 111. substrate layer; 112. barrier layer; 120. first adhesive layer; 130. second adhesive layer; 140. third adhesive layer; 150. first coating layer; 160. second coating layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0052] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0053] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0054] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0056] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0057] Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, are semiconductor devices that convert sunlight directly into electrical energy. As they are green and environmentally friendly products that do not cause environmental pollution, and solar energy is a renewable resource, solar cells are a new type of battery with broad development prospects.

[0058] Solar cells include thin-film cells and crystalline silicon cells. Thin-film cells have gradually been widely used due to their advantages such as low manufacturing cost, light weight, good flexibility and high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0059] In the related art, in order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules, the solar cells in the photovoltaic modules include thin-film cells and crystalline silicon cells; however, due to the poor packaging effect of photovoltaic modules, the thin-film cells are easily corroded by water and oxygen and fail, resulting in a decrease in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic modules.

[0060] Based on the above technical problems, the present application provides a packaging film and a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic module, which can provide effective packaging for solar cells in the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0061] First, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present application provides a packaging film 10 for covering a solar cell (not shown) in a photovoltaic module (not shown). The packaging film 10 includes two composite units 110 and a first adhesive layer 120 disposed between the two composite units 110; each composite unit 110 includes at least one composite part 110a, and the composite part 110a includes a laminated substrate layer 111 and a barrier layer 112, and the barrier layer 112 is used to block water and oxygen; the barrier layer 112 is in contact with the first adhesive layer 120 in the composite unit 110.

[0062] The packaging film 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used to cover the solar cells in the photovoltaic module. The packaging film 10 includes two composite units 110 and a first adhesive layer 120 arranged between the two composite units 110. Each composite unit 110 includes at least one composite part 110a. The composite part 110a includes a substrate layer 111 and a barrier layer 112 arranged in a stacked manner. The barrier layer 112 is used to block water and oxygen. The barrier layer 112 is in contact with the first adhesive layer 120 in the composite unit 110. That is, the packaging film 10 includes at least two composite parts 110a. The two composite parts 110a are bonded together by the first adhesive layer 120. The substrate layers 111 of the two composite parts 110a separate the barrier layer 112 from the outside world, which can avoid scratches on the barrier layer 112, so that the packaging film 10 has a good water and oxygen barrier ability, which is conducive to improving the packaging reliability of the packaging film 10 for the solar cells in the photovoltaic module, greatly reducing the risk of failure of the solar cells due to water and oxygen erosion, and thus can be conducive to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0063] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment, at least one composite unit 110 includes a plurality of composite parts 110 a stacked together; a second adhesive layer 130 is disposed between two adjacent composite parts 110 a.

[0064] In this way, the packaging film 10 can include more composite parts 110a, and accordingly, the packaging film 10 includes more barrier layers 112, which can greatly improve the ability of the packaging film 10 to block water and oxygen, and improve the packaging performance of the packaging film 10, thereby effectively improving the packaging effect of the packaging film 10 on the solar cells in the photovoltaic module, and thus helping to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. In addition, through the first adhesive layer 120 and the second adhesive layer 130, the bonding reliability between the composite parts 110a can be guaranteed, the probability of separation between the film layers in the packaging film 10 can be reduced, the reliability of the packaging film 10 structure can be guaranteed, and the packaging performance of the packaging film 10 can be guaranteed.

[0065] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the barrier layer 112 of each composite portion 110 a is disposed on a side of the corresponding substrate layer 111 close to the first adhesive layer 120 .

[0066] In this way, the outermost layer of the packaging film 10 can be the substrate layer 111, and all the barrier layers 112 of the packaging film 10 are located inside the packaging film 10, thereby greatly reducing the probability of damage to the barrier layers 112 in the packaging film 10, ensuring the water and oxygen barrier capability of the packaging film 10, and ensuring the packaging performance of the packaging film 10.

[0067] In one embodiment, the thickness of the barrier layer 112 is 1 nm to 0.5 mm; further, the thickness of the barrier layer 112 may be 1 nm to 500 nm, 500 nm-1 um; 1 um to 0.1 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, which may be selected according to actual needs.

[0068] In one embodiment, the material of the barrier layer 112 includes an inorganic material. Specifically, the material of the barrier layer 112 includes at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and silicon oxide.

[0069] Inorganic materials can have a high barrier capability against water vapor. By making the barrier layer 112 include inorganic materials, the water and oxygen barrier capability of the packaging film 10 can be effectively improved, thereby effectively improving the packaging performance of the packaging film 10.

[0070] See also Figure 3 In one embodiment, a third adhesive layer 140 is disposed on a side of at least one composite unit 110 away from the first adhesive layer 120 .

[0071] Thus, by providing the third adhesive layer 140, the bonding reliability between the packaging film 10 and the solar cells and other film layers in the photovoltaic module can be improved, which is beneficial to improving the packaging reliability of the packaging film 10 for the solar cells, and further beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0072] See also Figure 4 In one embodiment, a third bonding layer 140 is disposed on a side of one composite unit 110 away from the first bonding layer 120 , and a first coating layer 150 is disposed on a side of another composite unit 110 away from the first bonding layer 120 .

[0073] In this way, the bonding reliability between the packaging film 10 and the solar cells and other film layers in the photovoltaic module can be improved. For example, when the packaging film 10 is used to encapsulate the solar cells in the photovoltaic module, the packaging film 10 can be bonded to the solar cells through the third adhesive layer 140, and the first coating 150 can increase the bonding reliability between the packaging film 10 and the adhesive film in the photovoltaic module, which is beneficial to improve the packaging reliability of the packaging film 10 for the solar cells in the photovoltaic module, improve the reliability of the photovoltaic module, and then help improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0074] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 In one embodiment, a second coating layer 160 is disposed between the composite unit 110 and the third adhesive layer 140 .

[0075] In this way, by setting the second coating 160, the second coating 160 is set between the composite unit 110 and the third adhesive layer 140, so as to improve the bonding strength between the composite unit 110 and the third adhesive layer 140, improve the bonding reliability between the composite unit 110 and the third adhesive layer 140, and then improve the packaging performance of the packaging film 10.

[0076] In one embodiment, the thickness of the third adhesive layer 140 is 30um-200um. Further, the thickness of the third adhesive layer 140 can be 30um-50um, 50um-100um, 100um-150um, 150um-200um, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0077] In one embodiment, the material of the third adhesive layer 140 includes at least one of acrylic adhesive and epoxy adhesive.

[0078] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first coating 150 is 1um to 20um. Further, the thickness of the first coating 150 can be 1um to 5um, 5um to 10um, 10um to 15um, or 15um to 20um, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0079] In one embodiment, the material of the first coating 150 includes at least one of fluorocarbon, acrylic, epoxy, and polyester.

[0080] In one embodiment, the thickness of the second coating layer 160 is 1um to 20um. Further, the thickness of the first coating layer 150 can be 1um to 5um, 5um to 10um, 10um to 15um, or 15um to 20um, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0081] In one embodiment, the material of the second coating 160 includes at least one of fluorocarbon, acrylic, epoxy, and polyester.

[0082] In one embodiment, the first coating layer 150 and the second coating layer 160 are made of the same material, so as to facilitate the manufacture of the packaging film 10 .

[0083] In one embodiment, the thickness of the substrate layer 111 is 30um to 200um. Further, the thickness of the substrate layer 111 can be 30um to 50um, 50um to 80um, 80um-120um, 120um to 150um, 150um to 180um, or 180um to 200um, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0084] In one embodiment, the material of the substrate layer 111 includes at least one of polyolefins, polyesters, olefin copolymers, fluororesins, and polyamides.

[0085] In this way, the substrate layer 111 can have certain flexibility, higher light transmittance, and better weather resistance, so that the packaging film 10 can have better plasticity and light transmittance, which is beneficial to improving the packaging performance of the packaging film 10.

[0086] Second, see Figure 7 The present application embodiment provides a method for preparing a packaging film 10, comprising:

[0087] S10, forming two composite units 110, each composite unit 110 includes at least one composite part 110a, and the composite part 110a includes a substrate layer 111 and a barrier layer 112 which are stacked; the barrier layer 112 is used to block water and oxygen;

[0088] S20 , using the first adhesive layer 120 to bond the two composite units 110 together, and making the barrier layer 112 in the composite unit 110 in contact with the first adhesive layer 120 .

[0089] The preparation method of the packaging film 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application forms two composite units 110, each composite unit 110 includes at least one composite part 110a, and the composite part 110a includes a substrate layer 111 and a barrier layer 112 which are stacked; the barrier layer 112 is used to block water and oxygen; the two composite units 110 are bonded together by a first bonding layer 120, and the barrier layer 112 is in contact with the first bonding layer 120 in the composite unit 110, so that the packaging film 10 includes at least two composite parts 110a, and the two composite parts 110a By bonding together through the first adhesive layer 120, the bonding reliability between the composite parts 110a can be improved, thereby improving the reliability of the packaging film 10; the substrate layer 111 of the two composite parts 110a can separate the barrier layer 112 from the outside world, thereby avoiding problems such as scratches on the barrier layer 112, so that the packaging film 10 has a better water and oxygen barrier ability, which is beneficial to improving the packaging reliability of the packaging film 10 for solar cells in the photovoltaic module, greatly reducing the risk of failure of solar cells due to water and oxygen erosion, and further beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0090] In one embodiment, in S10, the composite unit 110 is formed by the following steps:

[0091] Providing a substrate layer 111;

[0092] A barrier layer 112 is formed on one surface of the substrate layer 111 to obtain a composite portion 110a;

[0093] Specifically, the barrier layer 112 may be formed on one surface of the substrate layer 111 by using a magnetron sputtering process.

[0094] The plurality of composite parts 110 a are stacked and arranged in the same direction, and a second adhesive layer 130 is disposed between two adjacent composite parts 110 a to bond the plurality of composite parts 110 a together.

[0095] In the above process, multiple composite parts 110a are stacked and arranged with the same orientation, and a second adhesive layer 130 is arranged between two adjacent composite parts 110a to bond the multiple composite parts 110a together. In this way, on the one hand, the bonding reliability between the multiple composite parts 110a in the composite unit 110 can be improved; on the other hand, when the first adhesive layer 120 is used to bond the two composite units 110 together, the barrier layer 112 of each composite part 110a can be conveniently located on the side of the corresponding substrate layer 111 close to the first adhesive layer 120. In this way, all the barrier layers 112 of the packaging film 10 can be located inside the packaging film 10, thereby greatly reducing the probability of damage to the barrier layer 112 in the packaging film 10, ensuring the water and oxygen barrier capability of the packaging film 10, and ensuring the packaging performance of the packaging film 10.

[0096] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, including a solar cell and the packaging film 10 described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the packaging film 10 covers the solar cell.

[0097] Specifically, the solar cell may be a thin film cell, such as a perovskite cell; the photovoltaic module may be a single-cell perovskite module, a four-terminal perovskite module or a two-terminal perovskite module.

[0098] Photovoltaic modules are usually encapsulated on all sides with butyl rubber. However, the adhesion between butyl rubber and glass, and between butyl rubber and film is relatively weak. During the use of photovoltaic modules, butyl rubber and glass, and between butyl rubber and film are prone to separation, making photovoltaic modules prone to packaging failure. The perovskite cells in the photovoltaic modules are corroded by water and oxygen and fail, resulting in a decrease in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic modules.

[0099] The photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a packaging film 10 so that the packaging film 10 covers the solar cell. The packaging film 10 can effectively block water and oxygen, thereby greatly reducing the risk of failure of the solar cell due to water and oxygen erosion, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic module maintains a high photoelectric conversion efficiency. In addition, since the packaging film 10 can realize the packaging of the solar cell in the photovoltaic module, the butyl rubber water-blocking structure around the photovoltaic module can be eliminated. In this way, the manufacturing process and manufacturing cycle of the photovoltaic module can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module can be reduced. Secondly, the area of ​​the power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic module can be increased, which is conducive to increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0100] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0101] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A packaging film for covering solar cells in a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It comprises two composite units and a first bonding layer arranged between the two composite units; Each of the composite units includes at least one composite part, and the composite part includes a substrate layer and a barrier layer which are stacked, and the barrier layer is used to block water and oxygen; the barrier layer in the composite unit is in contact with the first adhesive layer.

2. The packaging film according to claim 1, characterized in that At least one of the composite units comprises a plurality of composite parts which are stacked; a second adhesive layer is provided between two adjacent composite parts.

3. The packaging film according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The barrier layer of each composite part is arranged on a side of the corresponding substrate layer close to the first bonding layer.

4. The packaging film according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the barrier layer is 1 nm to 0.5 mm.

5. The packaging film according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the barrier layer includes inorganic material; And / or, the material of the barrier layer includes at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and silicon oxide.

6. The packaging film according to claim 1, characterized in that A third adhesive layer is provided on a side of at least one of the composite units away from the first adhesive layer.

7. The packaging film according to claim 6, characterized in that A third bonding layer is disposed on a side of one of the composite units away from the first bonding layer, and a first coating layer is disposed on a side of another composite unit away from the first bonding layer.

8. The packaging film according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second coating layer is provided between the composite unit and the third adhesive layer.

9. The packaging film according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the third adhesive layer is 30 um to 200 um; and / or, The material of the third adhesive layer includes at least one of acrylic adhesive and epoxy adhesive; and / or, The thickness of the first coating is 1 um to 20 um; and / or, The material of the first coating layer includes at least one of fluorocarbon, acrylic, epoxy, and polyester; and / or, The thickness of the second coating is 1 um to 20 um; and / or, The material of the second coating layer includes at least one of fluorocarbon, acrylic, epoxy, and polyester.

10. The packaging film according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the substrate layer is 30 um to 200 um; and / or, The material of the substrate layer includes at least one of polyolefins, polyesters, olefin copolymers, fluororesins, and polyamides.

11. A method for preparing a packaging film, characterized in that: include: Two composite units are formed, each of which comprises at least one composite part, wherein the composite part comprises a substrate layer and a barrier layer which are stacked; the barrier layer is used to block water and oxygen; The first adhesive layer is used to bond the two composite units together, and the barrier layer is in contact with the first adhesive layer in the composite unit.

12. The method for preparing a packaging film according to claim 11, characterized in that: The composite unit is formed by the following steps: providing the substrate layer; forming the barrier layer on one surface of the substrate layer to obtain the composite part; The plurality of composite parts are stacked and arranged in the same direction, and a second bonding layer is arranged between two adjacent composite parts to bond the plurality of composite parts together.

13. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a solar cell and the packaging film according to any one of claims 1 to 10; the packaging film covers the solar cell.

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