Battery heating control method and device, equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The invention provides a battery heating control method and device, equipment, a storage medium and a program product, and relates to the technical field of battery heating. The method comprises the steps that when the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition, the saturation current of a motor for adjusting the battery temperature is determined based on the maximum negative electrode potential of a battery cell in a battery; determining the maximum pulse heating current of the motor based on the maximum current and the saturation current borne by the bus of the motor; and performing pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current. By considering the influence of the cathode potential, the cathode potential of the battery cell is kept in a safe range in the pulse heating process, and the risk of lithium precipitation of the battery cell is effectively reduced, so that the safety of the battery is improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged; besides, the saturation current of the motor is determined based on the maximum cathode potential, and the maximum pulse heating current of the motor is further determined, so that the heating rate of the battery can be maximized on the premise of ensuring the safety of the battery, and the performance of the battery in a low-temperature environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery heating technology, and in particular to a battery heating control method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, lithium-ion batteries (referred to as batteries) as the main power source of electric vehicles have received more and more attention for their comprehensive performance. Generally speaking, the comprehensive performance of batteries is significantly affected by the ambient temperature. Lithium precipitation is prone to occur in low-temperature environments, which will cause the battery to be unable to output a large current for a long time, greatly reducing the charging and discharging performance of electric vehicles in low-temperature environments. Therefore, how to effectively heat the battery in a low-temperature environment so that it can work within a suitable temperature range has become the key to improving the comprehensive performance of the battery.

[0003] In the related art, battery pulse heating technology is usually used to heat the battery in a low temperature environment. Specifically, pulse current is applied to heat the battery, and the frequency, amplitude and waveform of the pulse current are studied to optimize the temperature rise rate of the battery. However, the phenomenon of lithium deposition in the battery cell is prone to occur during the pulse heating process, which has a negative impact on the safety and service life of the battery. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a battery heating control method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product for reducing the risk of lithium plating in a battery cell during pulse heating.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery heating control method, comprising:

[0006] When the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition, the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature is determined based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery;

[0007] Based on the maximum current and saturation current that the busbar of the motor can withstand, determine the maximum pulse heating current of the motor;

[0008] Based on the maximum pulse heating current, the battery is pulse heated.

[0009] In one possible implementation, pulse heating is performed on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current, including: performing step pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current; collecting the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature of the motor during the step pulse heating process; and determining the continuous pulse heating time and the pulse interval time during the step pulse heating process according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature of the motor.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the continuous pulse heating duration and the pulse pause duration in the step pulse heating process are determined according to the battery cell temperature rise rate and the motor temperature, including: determining a first value based on the continuous pulse heating duration and the motor temperature of the previous cycle; determining a second value based on the pulse pause duration and the motor temperature of the previous cycle; determining a third value based on the sum of the first value and the second value, and determining a fourth value based on the sum of the continuous pulse heating duration and the pulse pause duration of the previous cycle; determining the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle according to the third value and the fourth value; determining the continuous pulse heating duration and the pulse pause duration of the current cycle in the step pulse heating process according to the battery cell temperature rise rate and the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the maximum negative electrode potential is determined in the following manner: obtaining simulation data and measured data of the negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery, the simulation data including the negative electrode potential of the battery cell corresponding to multiple preset pulse frequencies and multiple preset pulse currents, and the measured data including the negative electrode potential of the battery cell corresponding to multiple preset pulse frequencies and multiple preset pulse currents; optimizing the parameter setting of the objective function based on the simulation data and the measured data, the objective function reflecting the correlation between the pulse frequency, pulse current and the negative electrode potential of the battery cell; performing simulation analysis on the negative electrode potential of the battery cell based on the objective function to determine the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature is determined based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cells in the battery, including: based on a preset negative electrode potential, a correlation between the limit life frequency and the saturation current, the saturation current of the motor is determined according to the limit life frequency of the motor and the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cells in the battery, the limit life frequency of the motor represents the maximum frequency at which the motor can maintain stable operation for a long time without affecting its life.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the maximum pulse heating current is determined based on the maximum current and saturation current that the bus of the motor can withstand, including: determining the smaller value between the maximum current and the saturation current that the bus can withstand as the maximum pulse heating current.

[0014] In one possible implementation, whether the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition is determined in the following manner: in response to a heating request from a battery management system (BMS), the battery status of the vehicle is obtained, the battery status including the battery state of charge and the battery temperature; if the battery state of charge is within a first threshold range and the battery temperature is within a second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition; if the battery state of charge is not within the first threshold range, and / or the battery temperature is not within the second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle does not meet the pulse heating condition.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the battery heating control method further includes: when the pulse heating condition is not met, executing a target heating strategy to heat the battery, the target heating strategy including thermal film heating and positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery heating control device, comprising:

[0017] A first determination module is used to determine the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery when the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition;

[0018] A second determination module is used to determine the maximum pulse heating current of the motor based on the maximum current and saturation current that the busbar of the motor can withstand;

[0019] The processing module is used for pulse heating the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0021] Memory for storing computer-executable instructions;

[0022] A processor is used to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed, they are used to implement any method described in the first aspect.

[0024] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the method described in any one of the first aspects when executed.

[0025] The battery heating control method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product provided by the present application, when the vehicle meets the pulse heating conditions, determines the saturation current of the motor that adjusts the battery temperature based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery; and determines the maximum pulse heating current of the motor based on the maximum current and saturation current that the busbar of the motor can withstand; further, pulse heating is performed on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current. In this process, by considering the influence of the negative electrode potential, it is ensured that the negative electrode potential of the battery cell remains within a safe range during the pulse heating process, effectively reducing the risk of lithium precipitation in the battery cell, significantly reducing lithium deposition and the formation of lithium dendrites, thereby improving the safety and service life of the battery; in addition, by determining the saturation current of the motor based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery, and further determining the maximum pulse heating current of the motor, the heating rate of the battery can be maximized while ensuring the safety of the battery, thereby improving the performance of the battery in a low temperature environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a battery heating control method provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the relationship between a step pulse and a temperature rise rate provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 Another schematic flow chart of a battery heating control method provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a battery heating control device provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable in appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein, for example. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, the process, system, product or equipment comprising a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, products or equipment.

[0035] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0036] At present, the commonly used battery heating methods also include PTC heating, heating film heating and liquid circulation heating. Among them, PTC heating and heating film heating usually have good heating effect and fast heating speed, but there is a problem of uneven temperature rise, for example, the temperature rise rate of the battery cell close to the heating source is significantly higher than the temperature rise rate of the battery cell far away from the heating source; in addition, the volume of the PTC heating component is large, which will occupy a large space inside the battery system; correspondingly, liquid circulation heating is based on the liquid cooling system, and the battery cell is further heated by heating the coolant. In this system, the heater is usually connected in parallel with the battery pack liquid cooling system, and the coolant is controlled by a control switch such as a three-way valve to flow through the heater to increase the temperature, and then a water pump is used to circulate it through the metal plate at the bottom of the battery cell, so as to achieve the heating of the battery, but the cost of liquid circulation heating is usually high. The battery pulse heating technology is to introduce a pulse current into the battery, and use the Joule heat generated when the current passes through the resistor to heat the battery to achieve the effect of rapid heating. Pulse heating can usually support a heating rate of, for example, 1℃ / min-4℃ / min, which significantly shortens the heating time and increases the battery's service life in cold areas. Since battery pulse heating technology can effectively reduce the problem of uneven temperature rise and does not require additional large heating components or complex liquid circulation systems, it can significantly reduce system costs. Therefore, compared with PTC heating, heating film heating and liquid circulation heating, battery pulse heating has significant advantages.

[0037] In battery technology, "negative electrode potential" refers to the potential of the negative electrode of the battery relative to a reference point (usually a standard hydrogen electrode). In lithium-ion batteries, the negative electrode material is usually made of graphite or other materials that can embed lithium ions. When the battery is charged, lithium ions move from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and embed at the negative electrode to form LiC6 (lithium embedded in graphite); when discharged, lithium ions are deintercalated from the negative electrode and migrate back to the positive electrode. In this process, the negative electrode potential changes as lithium ions are embedded and deintercalated. However, the negative electrode potential is crucial to the performance of the battery, affecting the energy density, cycle stability and safety of the battery. Ideally, the negative electrode should stably embed and deintercalate lithium ions over a wide potential range to ensure that the battery has good cycle performance.

[0038] In the related technology, when using battery pulse heating technology to heat the battery, especially when fast charging at high current density, the low temperature environment may cause the negative electrode potential to increase significantly, which may cause lithium deposition in the battery cell, and then lead to lithium metal deposition and the formation of lithium dendrites, thereby negatively affecting the safety and life of the battery.

[0039] In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a battery heating control scheme, which combines actual measurement with simulation analysis, comprehensively considers the change law of the negative electrode potential of the battery at low temperature, judges the negative electrode potential safety boundary of the same system battery cells at low temperature, ensures that the negative electrode potential of the battery cell remains within a safe range during the heating process, effectively prevents lithium deposition and the formation of lithium dendrites, thereby improving the safety and service life of the battery; in addition, the negative electrode potential safety boundary, that is, the maximum negative electrode potential, is used as an input parameter to optimize the current of the battery cell during pulse heating, and maximizes the heating rate of the battery while ensuring the safety of the battery, thereby improving the performance of the battery in a low temperature environment.

[0040] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 A flow chart of a battery heating control method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the battery heating control method includes the following steps:

[0042] S101. When the vehicle meets pulse heating conditions, determine the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cells in the battery.

[0043] Among them, pulse heating conditions refer to the preset conditions suitable for starting pulse heating; the maximum negative electrode potential is the highest potential value of the negative electrode of the battery relative to the reference electrode, which affects the safety of the battery; the saturation current refers to the maximum current that the motor can stably output without exceeding the safety potential of the battery cell.

[0044] For example, the collected data of the vehicle-mounted sensor is obtained, and the collected data includes but is not limited to the ambient temperature, the vehicle state (such as whether it is in the starting or driving state) and the battery state, etc., to determine whether the pulse heating conditions are met; when the vehicle meets the preset pulse heating conditions, the pre-stored maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell is obtained, and the saturation current I of the motor is calculated according to the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell based on a preset electrochemical model or empirical formula. b .

[0045] S102. Determine the maximum pulse heating current of the motor based on the maximum current and saturation current that the busbar of the motor can withstand.

[0046] Among them, the busbar bears the maximum current I MAX Refers to the maximum current that the bus in the motor circuit can safely transmit; the maximum pulse heating current I TEPIt refers to the maximum current value that the motor can safely use during pulse heating.

[0047] In some embodiments, the maximum pulse heating current is determined based on the maximum current and saturation current that the bus of the motor can withstand, including: determining the smaller value between the maximum current and the saturation current that the bus can withstand as the maximum pulse heating current.

[0048] For example, if I MAX ≥I b , then I TEP =I b ;if I MAX <I b , then I TEP =I MAX .

[0049] S103 . Perform pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current.

[0050] For example, using the maximum pulse heating current I TEP , performing a pulse heating process. This process rapidly raises the battery temperature through high-frequency current pulses, ensuring that the battery can quickly reach operating temperature in a low-temperature environment while maintaining battery safety and performance.

[0051] The battery heating control method provided in the embodiment of the present application ensures that the negative electrode potential of the battery cell remains within a safe range during pulse heating by taking into account the influence of the negative electrode potential, effectively reduces the risk of lithium plating in the battery cell, and significantly reduces lithium deposition and the formation of lithium dendrites, thereby improving the safety and service life of the battery; in addition, by determining the saturation current of the motor based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery, and further determining the maximum pulse heating current of the motor, the heating rate of the battery can be maximized while ensuring the safety of the battery, thereby improving the performance of the battery in a low temperature environment.

[0052] Considering that the principle of pulse heating technology is to apply pulse current inside the battery and use the Joule heating effect to achieve rapid heating. According to the equivalent circuit heat generation model of the battery cell, Q = I 2 R e , where Q is the heat generated by the battery cell, I is the pulse current of the battery cell, and R e is the real impedance of the battery cell. Based on this principle, considering that different batteries have specific electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), R e The larger the value, the more heat Q the battery generates. At the same time, R e It is also related to the frequency, which means that at different frequencies, the impedance value R of the battery cell ewill change; since the heat Q generated by the battery cell is proportional to the square of the battery cell pulse current I, the larger the battery cell pulse current I, the more heat Q is generated. Therefore, the heating process of the battery can be optimized by adjusting the pulse current and considering the impedance characteristics of the battery cell to achieve the effect of rapid heating. In the related art, in order to analyze the influence of pulse heating parameters such as pulse current and frequency on the battery temperature rise rate, battery life and safety, it is usually necessary to adjust the pulse heating parameters multiple times and conduct long-term actual measurement cycles. This process is time-consuming and has a long cycle.

[0053] Therefore, in some embodiments, the maximum negative electrode potential is determined in the following manner: obtaining simulation data and measured data of the negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery, the simulation data including the negative electrode potential of the battery cell corresponding to multiple preset pulse frequencies and multiple preset pulse currents, and the measured data including the negative electrode potential of the battery cell corresponding to multiple preset pulse frequencies and multiple preset pulse currents; optimizing the parameter setting of the objective function based on the simulation data and the measured data, the objective function reflects the correlation between the pulse frequency, pulse current and the negative electrode potential of the battery cell; performing simulation analysis on the negative electrode potential of the battery cell based on the objective function to determine the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell.

[0054] For example, based on theoretical analysis, a functional relationship between different frequencies and pulse currents is established: in, Indicates the negative electrode potential of the battery cell, F i represents the frequency parameter of the simulation input, I represents the pulse current, and f1 represents With F i , and the mapping relationship function between I. Among them, The larger the absolute value of , the higher the risk of lithium plating. Accordingly, electrochemical simulation software is used to simulate the negative electrode potential of the battery cell at different pulse frequencies and different pulse currents. For example, Table 1 is an example of simulation results of the negative electrode potential, pulse current, and frequency provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Table 1

[0056]

[0057] As shown in Table 1, comparing simulation experiment 1 and simulation experiment 2, when F i When the same, the larger I is, the greater the absolute value of the negative electrode potential of the battery cell is, and the higher the risk of lithium deposition in the battery cell is. Comparing simulation experiments 1 and 3, when I is the same, F i The larger it is, the smaller the absolute value of the negative electrode potential of the battery cell is, and the smaller the risk of lithium plating in the battery cell is.

[0058] Correspondingly, the battery cell is actually tested under laboratory conditions, and the negative electrode potential under the same pulse frequency and current conditions is recorded; the simulation data is compared with the measured data, and the parameter setting of f1 is optimized based on the comparison results; based on the optimized Conduct simulation analysis to explore the changes in negative electrode potential under different frequency and pulse current combinations, identify the negative electrode potential values ​​of the battery cell under all simulation conditions, and thus determine the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell.

[0059] It should be noted that the simulation results shown in Table 1 are only an example. In practical applications, multiple groups of simulation experiments can be performed under various simulation conditions. The simulation conditions and the frequency of simulation verification are not limited here.

[0060] Optionally, before comparing the simulation data with the measured data, a data cleaning operation may be performed on the simulation data and the measured data, and the data cleaning operation includes but is not limited to at least one of abnormal value processing, noise processing, and repeated value processing.

[0061] The embodiments of the present application, by combining actual measurement with simulation, can more accurately obtain the variation law of the negative electrode potential of the battery cell under different pulse frequencies and current conditions. This double verification makes the determined maximum negative electrode potential more accurate and reliable, which helps to evaluate and control the risk of lithium plating and reduce the possibility of safety accidents of the battery under extreme conditions, which is crucial to extending the battery life and ensuring safe use. In addition, compared with relying solely on long-term actual measurement cycles, this analysis method that combines actual measurement with simulation can greatly reduce the number and time of experiments, effectively reducing R&D costs and resource consumption.

[0062] In some embodiments, the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature is determined based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cells in the battery, including: based on a preset negative electrode potential, the correlation between the limit life frequency and the saturation current, the saturation current of the motor is determined according to the limit life frequency of the motor and the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cells in the battery, the limit life frequency of the motor represents the maximum frequency at which the motor can maintain stable operation for a long time without affecting its life.

[0063] Among them, the limit life frequency of the motor is determined by factors such as the design and material properties of the motor, and can usually be stored as a key fixed parameter in the motor controller, BMS or embedded memory, etc.; accordingly, when the vehicle meets the pulse heating conditions, the limit life frequency of the motor is read from the motor controller, BMS or embedded memory, etc., and based on the preset negative electrode potential, the limit life frequency and the relationship between the saturation current, the saturation current of the motor is determined according to the limit life frequency of the motor and the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery.

[0064] For example, the motor's limit life frequency Flife and the maximum negative electrode potential Substitution Right now Thus, the saturation current I of the motor is obtained. b .

[0065] The embodiment of the present application determines the saturation current of the motor based on the maximum life frequency of the motor and the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cells in the battery, thereby ensuring that the motor operates within its designed safety range, effectively reducing the risk of excessive wear and premature failure, and thus helping to extend the service life of the motor.

[0066] Considering that long-term large-value pulse heating current will seriously affect the life of the motor, and in order to maximize the temperature rise rate of the battery cell. Therefore, in some embodiments, pulse heating is performed on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current, including: performing step pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current; collecting the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature during the step pulse heating process; determining the continuous pulse heating time and pulse interval time during the step pulse heating process according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature.

[0067] Among them, step pulse heating refers to a heating strategy of alternating continuous pulse heating and pulse pause, that is, based on the maximum pulse heating current, continuous pulse heating is performed for a duration of t1, followed by a pulse pause of t2, and continuous pulse heating and pulse pause are performed alternately. Assuming that the maximum pulse heating current is 800A, for example, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the step pulse and the temperature rise rate provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 (a) refers to a cycle of continuous heating of the battery for 500 s (i.e., continuous pulse heating duration) and resting for 300 s (i.e., pulse interval duration) based on a pulse heating current of 500 Hz and 537 A; Figure 2 (b) refers to a cycle of continuous heating of the battery for 500 s and resting for 300 s based on a pulse heating current of 500 Hz and 800 A; Figure 2 (c) refers to continuous heating of the battery based on a pulse heating current of 500HZ and 800A; Figure 2 (d) refers to continuous heating cycles of the battery based on a pulse heating current of 500 Hz and 300 A and a pulse heating current of 500 Hz and 800 A.

[0068] in, Figure 2 The temperature curves T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 in the figure represent the change of the battery cell temperature data over time, which are collected by temperature sensors deployed at different positions of the battery cell. Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 In (b), we can observe Figure 2(b) When the battery is continuously heated by a pulse heating current of 500 Hz and 800 A, the temperature rise rate quickly reaches 2°C / min. Figure 2 (a) Based on the pulse heating current of 500HZ and 537A, when the battery is continuously heated, the maximum temperature rise rate can only reach 1.1℃ / min. By comparison Figure 2 (b) and Figure 2 In (c), it can be observed that after continuous heating for a period of time, Figure 2 (b) and Figure 2 The temperature rise rate of (c) can reach 2℃ / min. Figure 2 As shown in (c), when the pulse heating current of 500HZ and 800A is continued to be applied to heat the battery, the temperature rise rate does not continue to increase and remains at 2℃ / min. Figure 2 (b) During the 300s of static standing, the temperature values ​​in the corresponding temperature curves T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 decreased slightly, but still maintained at a relatively high temperature; by comparison Figure 2 (b) and Figure 2 (d) in Figure 2 (d) The battery is continuously heated in cycles based on a pulse heating current of 500 Hz and 300 A and a pulse heating current of 500 Hz and 800 A. During the heating of the battery based on a pulse heating current of 500 Hz and 300 A, the corresponding temperature rise rate increases very slowly. Since the pulse heating current is applied all the time, combined with the equivalent circuit heat generation model of the battery cell, Q = I 2 R e , heat is generated during the whole process, which not only has an insignificant heating effect, but also affects the service life of the motor. Therefore, based on the maximum pulse heating current, step pulse heating of the battery can not only maximize the temperature rise rate of the battery cell, but also extend the service life of the motor.

[0069] It should be noted that the above-mentioned maximum pulse heating current of 800A, continuous pulse heating time of 500s and pulse interval time of 300s are only examples. In actual applications, the maximum pulse heating current corresponding to different motors may be different, and the corresponding continuous heating time and standing time may be different, depending on the actual situation. The specific values ​​of the maximum pulse heating current, continuous pulse heating time and pulse interval time are not limited here.

[0070] Correspondingly, during the step pulse heating process, the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature of the motor are collected in real time. Specifically, the temperature rise rate can be obtained by monitoring the rate of change of the battery cell temperature through a temperature sensor, while the motor temperature is obtained through a temperature sensor installed on the motor. These data are crucial for evaluating the heating effect and safety. According to the collected battery cell temperature rise rate and motor temperature, the duration of continuous pulse heating and the duration of pulse pause are determined. For example, if the battery cell temperature rise rate no longer increases and the duration of heating based on the maximum pulse heating current exceeds the preset duration, the battery cell temperature rise rate is too high, or the motor temperature exceeds the preset threshold, it is necessary to shorten the pulse heating duration or extend the pulse pause duration to prevent the motor from overheating. This adjustment process ensures the safety and effectiveness of the heating process. Based on the adjusted pulse heating duration and the adjusted pulse pause duration, continue heating. At the same time, continuously monitor the temperature changes of the battery cell and the motor, and dynamically adjust the pulse heating duration and the pulse pause duration according to the changes to ensure that the heating process is carried out within a safe range. By continuously adjusting the pulse heating duration and the pulse pause duration, better heating effects can be achieved under different environmental conditions.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery is subjected to step pulse heating based on the maximum pulse heating current, and the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature of the motor are monitored during the step pulse heating process. The pulse heating duration and the pulse interval duration are dynamically adjusted according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature of the motor. This can maximize the temperature rise rate of the battery cell while ensuring safety, and can effectively reduce the overheating and damage to the motor caused by long-term large-value pulse heating current, thereby ensuring that the heating process is carried out within a safe range, thereby extending the service life of the motor.

[0072] On the basis of the above embodiments, in some embodiments, the continuous pulse heating duration and the pulse pause duration in the step pulse heating process are determined according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature, including: determining a first value based on the continuous pulse heating duration and the motor temperature of the previous cycle; determining a second value based on the pulse pause duration and the motor temperature of the previous cycle; determining a third value based on the sum of the first value and the second value, and determining a fourth value based on the sum of the continuous pulse heating duration and the pulse pause duration of the previous cycle; determining the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle according to the third value and the fourth value; determining the continuous pulse heating duration of the current cycle and the pulse pause duration of the current cycle in the step pulse heating process according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle.

[0073] For example, the cell temperature rise rate satisfies the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, ΔV is the temperature rise rate of the battery cell, t1 is the continuous pulse heating time, t2 is the pulse interval time, T is the motor temperature, and f2 represents the mapping relationship function.

[0076] Correspondingly, according to the above-mentioned battery cell temperature rise rate formula, the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle is determined based on the continuous pulse heating duration of the previous cycle, the pulse interval duration of the previous cycle and the motor temperature; the currently collected battery cell temperature rise rate is compared with the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle to determine the continuous pulse heating duration of the current cycle and the pulse interval duration of the current cycle during the step pulse heating process. Specifically, if the currently collected battery cell temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle, it means that the current temperature rise rate is high, and the continuous pulse heating duration can be appropriately reduced or the pulse interval duration can be increased to avoid overheating; if the currently collected battery cell temperature rise rate is less than the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle, it means that the current temperature rise rate is low, and the continuous pulse heating duration can be increased or the pulse interval duration can be reduced to improve the temperature rise efficiency.

[0077] The embodiment of the present application can dynamically adjust the pulse heating duration and the pulse interval duration according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature. This precise control method can not only effectively optimize the temperature rise process so that the battery can reach the ideal operating temperature in the shortest time, but also effectively reduce unnecessary energy consumption and improve the overall energy efficiency of the system. It not only extends the battery life, but also reduces the operating cost, while also reducing the risk of damage to the motor due to overheating, thereby extending the service life of the motor and battery.

[0078] In some embodiments, whether the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition is determined in the following manner: in response to a heating request from the BMS, the battery status of the vehicle is obtained, the battery status including the battery state of charge and the battery temperature; if the battery state of charge is within a first threshold range and the battery temperature is within a second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition; if the battery state of charge is not within the first threshold range, and / or the battery temperature is not within the second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle does not meet the pulse heating condition.

[0079] For example, assuming that the first threshold range is, for example, 30%-90%; and the second threshold range is, for example, -30°C-0°C. Correspondingly, if the battery state of charge is within 30%-90% and the battery temperature is within -30°C-0°C, for example, the battery state of charge is 50% and the battery temperature is -25°C, then it is determined that the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition.

[0080] Accordingly, in one implementation, if the battery state of charge is not within 30%-90%, for example, the battery state of charge is 10%, it is determined that the vehicle does not meet the pulse heating conditions; in another implementation, if the battery temperature is not within -30℃-0℃, for example, the battery temperature is 5℃, it is determined that the vehicle does not meet the pulse heating conditions; in yet another implementation, if the battery state of charge is not within 30%-90% and the battery temperature is not within -30℃-0℃, for example, the battery state of charge is 10% and the battery temperature is 5℃, it is determined that the vehicle does not meet the pulse heating conditions.

[0081] It should be noted that the numerical values ​​corresponding to the above-mentioned first threshold range and the second threshold range are only examples. In actual applications, the threshold range can be adjusted according to different battery types and vehicle requirements. It has strong adaptability and is suitable for a variety of vehicles and application scenarios. The first threshold range and the second threshold range are not limited here.

[0082] The embodiments of the present application ensure that pulse heating is performed only under appropriate charge states and temperature conditions through conditional judgment, thereby optimizing the heating efficiency of the battery and improving the performance of the battery in low temperature environments. In addition, strict conditional judgment can be used to reduce heating operations under unsafe conditions, which can effectively reduce the risk of battery overheating or other safety hazards, thereby extending the battery life.

[0083] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, the battery heating control method further includes: when the pulse heating condition is not met, executing a target heating strategy to heat the battery, the target heating strategy including thermal film heating and PTC heating.

[0084] For example, in one implementation, the thermal film heater is started to heat the battery; in another implementation, the PTC heater is started to heat the battery; in yet another implementation, the thermal film heater and the PTC heater are started simultaneously to heat the battery.

[0085] For example, when the pulse heating conditions are not met, the thermal film heater is started, wherein the thermal film is closely attached to the battery surface, and through the principle of resistance heating, heat is slowly and evenly transferred to the battery, so that the battery temperature gradually rises; accordingly, in order to speed up the heating process, the PTC heater is started at the same time, and a higher heat output is quickly provided by the PTC heater to help the battery heat up quickly; due to the self-regulating characteristics of the PTC material, when the battery temperature approaches 0°C, the power of the PTC heater is automatically reduced to prevent overheating; further, the system continuously monitors the battery temperature, and when the battery temperature reaches 0°C, the operation of the thermal film heater and the PTC heater is stopped.

[0086] Figure 3 Another flowchart of a battery heating control method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the battery heating control method includes the following steps:

[0087] S301. In response to a heating request from the BMS, obtain the vehicle status.

[0088] For example, the vehicle status includes but is not limited to battery state of charge and battery temperature.

[0089] S302: Determine whether the vehicle state satisfies the pulse heating condition.

[0090] For example, if the battery state of charge is within a first threshold range and the battery temperature is within a second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition; if the battery state of charge is not within the first threshold range, and / or the battery temperature is not within the second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle does not meet the pulse heating condition.

[0091] Correspondingly, if yes, execute S303; if no, execute S306.

[0092] S303 : Determine a saturation current of the motor for adjusting the battery temperature based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell and the life limit frequency of the motor.

[0093] Among them, the maximum negative electrode potential is predetermined by the following method: obtaining simulation data and measured data of the negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery, the simulation data including the negative electrode potential of the battery cell corresponding to multiple preset pulse frequencies and multiple preset pulse currents, and the measured data including the negative electrode potential of the battery cell corresponding to multiple preset pulse frequencies and multiple preset pulse currents; based on the simulation data and the measured data, optimizing the parameter setting of the objective function, the objective function reflects the correlation between the pulse frequency, pulse current and the negative electrode potential of the battery cell; based on the objective function, performing simulation analysis on the negative electrode potential of the battery cell to determine the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell.

[0094] Correspondingly, the motor's limit life frequency F life and the maximum negative electrode potential Substitution Right now Thus, the saturation current I of the motor is obtained. b .

[0095] S304. Determine the maximum pulse heating current of the motor based on the maximum current and saturation current that the busbar of the motor can withstand.

[0096] For example, the smaller value between the maximum current and the saturation current that the busbar can withstand is determined as the maximum pulse heating current.

[0097] S305 . Perform step pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current.

[0098] For example, based on the maximum pulse heating current, continuous pulse heating is performed for a duration of t1, followed by a pulse pause of t2, and continuous pulse heating and pulse pause are performed alternately; and, during the step pulse heating process, the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature of the motor are collected, and the continuous pulse heating duration and the pulse pause duration are dynamically adjusted according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature of the motor.

[0099] S306 , executing a target heating strategy to heat the battery, where the target heating strategy includes thermal film heating and PTC heating.

[0100] For example, when the pulse heating condition is not met, in one implementation, only the thermal film heater is started to heat the battery; in another implementation, the PTC heater is started to heat the battery; in yet another implementation, both the thermal film heater and the PTC heater are started to heat the battery.

[0101] In summary, this application has at least the following advantages:

[0102] 1. By considering the influence of the negative electrode potential, it is ensured that the negative electrode potential of the battery cell is kept within a safe range during the pulse heating process, effectively reducing the risk of lithium plating in the battery cell, significantly reducing lithium deposition and the formation of lithium dendrites, thereby improving the safety and service life of the battery; in addition, by determining the saturation current of the motor based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery, and further determining the maximum pulse heating current of the motor, the heating rate of the battery can be maximized while ensuring the safety of the battery, thereby improving the performance of the battery in a low temperature environment.

[0103] Second, by combining actual measurement with simulation, the variation pattern of the negative electrode potential of the battery cell under different pulse frequencies and current conditions can be obtained more accurately. This double verification makes the determined maximum negative electrode potential more accurate and reliable, which helps to evaluate and control the risk of lithium plating and reduce the possibility of safety accidents of the battery under extreme conditions, which is crucial to extending battery life and ensuring safe use. In addition, compared with relying solely on long-term actual measurement cycles, this analysis method that combines actual measurement with simulation can greatly reduce the number and time of experiments, effectively reducing R&D costs and resource consumption.

[0104] 3. By performing step pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current, and monitoring the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature during the step pulse heating process, the pulse heating duration and the pulse interval duration are dynamically adjusted according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature. This can maximize the temperature rise rate of the battery cell while ensuring safety, and can effectively reduce the overheating and damage to the motor caused by long-term large-value pulse heating current, ensuring that the heating process is carried out within a safe range, thereby extending the service life of the motor.

[0105] The following is an embodiment of the device of the present application, which can be used to execute the embodiment of the method of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiment of the device of the present application, please refer to the embodiment of the method of the present application.

[0106] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a battery heating control device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the battery heating control device 40 includes a first determining module 41, a second determining module 42 and a processing module 43, wherein:

[0107] A first determination module 41 is used to determine the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery when the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition;

[0108] A second determination module 42 is used to determine the maximum pulse heating current of the motor based on the maximum current and saturation current that the bus of the motor can withstand;

[0109] The processing module 43 is used to perform pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current.

[0110] In a possible implementation, the processing module 43 can be specifically used to: perform step pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current; collect the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature during the step pulse heating process; and determine the continuous pulse heating time and the pulse interval time during the step pulse heating process according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature.

[0111] In a possible implementation, the processing module 43 can also be used to: determine a first value based on the continuous pulse heating duration and the motor temperature of the previous cycle; determine a second value based on the pulse interval duration and the motor temperature of the previous cycle; determine a third value based on the sum of the first value and the second value, and determine a fourth value based on the sum of the continuous pulse heating duration of the previous cycle and the pulse interval duration of the previous cycle; determine the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle based on the third value and the fourth value; determine the continuous pulse heating duration of the current cycle and the pulse interval duration of the current cycle during the step pulse heating process based on the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the maximum negative electrode potential is determined in the following manner: obtaining simulation data and measured data of the negative electrode potential of the battery cells in the battery, the simulation data including the negative electrode potential of the battery cells corresponding to multiple preset pulse frequencies and multiple preset pulse currents, and the measured data including the negative electrode potential of the battery cells corresponding to multiple preset pulse frequencies and multiple preset pulse currents; optimizing the parameter setting of the objective function based on the simulation data and the measured data, the objective function reflecting the correlation between the pulse frequency, pulse current and the negative electrode potential of the battery cells; performing simulation analysis on the negative electrode potential of the battery cells based on the objective function to determine the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cells.

[0113] In a possible implementation, the first determination module 41 may be specifically used to determine the saturation current of the motor based on a preset negative electrode potential, a correlation between the limit life frequency and the saturation current, according to the limit life frequency of the motor and the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery, wherein the limit life frequency of the motor represents the maximum frequency at which the motor can maintain stable operation for a long time without affecting its life.

[0114] In a possible implementation manner, the first determination module 41 may also be used to determine that the smaller value between the maximum current and the saturation current that the busbar can withstand is the maximum pulse heating current.

[0115] In one possible implementation, whether the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition is determined in the following manner: in response to a heating request from the BMS, the battery status of the vehicle is obtained, the battery status including the battery state of charge and the battery temperature; if the battery state of charge is within a first threshold range and the battery temperature is within a second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition; if the battery state of charge is not within the first threshold range, and / or the battery temperature is not within the second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle does not meet the pulse heating condition.

[0116] In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 43 may also be used to: when the pulse heating condition is not met, execute a target heating strategy to heat the battery, where the target heating strategy includes thermal film heating and PTC heating.

[0117] The battery heating control device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the technical solution shown in the above-mentioned battery heating control method embodiment. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0118] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0119] It should be further noted that, although the various steps in the flowchart are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear description in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0120] It should be noted that the above device embodiments are only illustrative, and the device of the present application can also be implemented in other ways; and it should be understood that the division of the various modules of the above device is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, or physically separated. And these modules can all be implemented in the form of software called by processing elements; they can also be all implemented in the form of hardware; some modules can also be implemented in the form of software called by processing elements, and some modules can be implemented in the form of hardware. For example, the processing module can be a separately established processing element, or it can be integrated in a chip of the above device. In addition, it can also be stored in the memory of the above device in the form of program code, and called and executed by a processing element of the above device. The implementation of other modules is similar. In addition, these modules can be fully or partially integrated together, or they can be implemented independently. The processing element here can be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method or each module above can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or instructions in the form of software.

[0121] For example, the above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), or one or more microprocessors (DSP), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). For another example, when a module is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduling program code, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor that can call program code. For another example, these modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

[0122] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loading and executing computer instructions on a computer, the process or function according to the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, a computer, a server or a data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (Digital Subscriber Line, referred to as DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, etc. that contains one or more available media integrated. Available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, Digital Video Discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks (SSDs)).

[0123] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 50 of this embodiment includes:

[0124] At least one processor 51; and a memory 52 communicatively connected to the at least one processor;

[0125] The memory 52 stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor 51, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor 51 to enable the electronic device to execute the method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0126] Optionally, the memory 52 may be independent or integrated with the processor 51 .

[0127] The memory 52 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0128] The processor 51 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application. Specifically, when implementing the battery heating control method described in the aforementioned method embodiment, the electronic device may be, for example, an electronic device with processing functions such as a server.

[0129] Optionally, the electronic device may further include a communication interface 53. In a specific implementation, if the communication interface 53, the memory 52 and the processor 51 are implemented independently, the communication interface 53, the memory 52 and the processor 51 may be interconnected through a bus and communicate with each other. The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc., but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0130] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the communication interface 53, the memory 52 and the processor 51 are integrated on a chip, the communication interface 53, the memory 52 and the processor 51 can communicate through an internal interface.

[0131] The implementation principle and technical effects of the electronic device provided in this embodiment can be found in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0132] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer execution instructions are stored. When the computer execution instructions are executed, they are used to implement the method steps in the above method embodiment. The specific implementation method and technical effect are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0133] The above-mentioned computer readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), programmable read only memory (PROM), read only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer.

[0134] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in a dedicated integrated circuit. Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist in the battery heating control device as discrete components.

[0135] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method steps in the above method embodiment are implemented. The specific implementation method and technical effect are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0136] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For the part not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0137] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims.

[0138] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery heating control method, characterized in that: include: When the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition, the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature is determined based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery; Determining the maximum pulse heating current of the motor based on the maximum current that the busbar of the motor can withstand and the saturation current; The battery is pulse heated based on the maximum pulse heating current.

2. The battery heating control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse heating of the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current comprises: Based on the maximum pulse heating current, performing step pulse heating on the battery; During the step pulse heating process, the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the motor temperature are collected; The duration of continuous pulse heating and the duration of pulse interval during step pulse heating are determined according to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature of the motor.

3. The battery heating control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of determining the duration of continuous pulse heating and the duration of pulse interval during step pulse heating according to the battery cell temperature rise rate and the motor temperature includes: Determine a first value based on the duration of the continuous pulse heating in the previous cycle and the motor temperature; Determine a second value based on the pulse pause duration of the previous cycle and the motor temperature; Determine a third value according to the sum of the first value and the second value, and determine a fourth value according to the sum of the continuous pulse heating duration of the previous cycle and the pulse pause duration of the previous cycle; Determining the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle according to the third value and the fourth value; According to the temperature rise rate of the battery cell and the temperature rise rate of the previous cycle, the continuous pulse heating duration of the current cycle and the pulse pause duration of the current cycle in the step pulse heating process are determined.

4. The battery heating control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The maximum cathode potential is determined as follows: Acquire simulation data and measured data of the negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery, wherein the simulation data includes the negative electrode potential of the battery cell corresponding to a plurality of preset pulse frequencies and a plurality of preset pulse currents, and the measured data includes the negative electrode potential of the battery cell corresponding to a plurality of preset pulse frequencies and a plurality of preset pulse currents; Based on the simulation data and the measured data, optimizing the parameter setting of the objective function, wherein the objective function reflects the correlation between the pulse frequency, the pulse current and the negative electrode potential of the battery cell; The negative electrode potential of the battery cell is simulated and analyzed based on the objective function to determine the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell.

5. The battery heating control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method of determining the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery includes: Based on the preset relationship between the negative electrode potential, the limit life frequency and the saturation current, the saturation current of the motor is determined according to the limit life frequency of the motor and the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery. The limit life frequency of the motor represents the maximum frequency at which the motor can maintain stable operation for a long time without affecting its life.

6. The battery heating control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The determining of the maximum pulse heating current based on the maximum current that the busbar of the motor can withstand and the saturation current comprises: The smaller value between the maximum current that the busbar can withstand and the saturation current is determined as the maximum pulse heating current.

7. The battery heating control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Whether the vehicle meets the pulse heating conditions is determined in the following ways: In response to a heating request from a battery management system, obtaining a battery state of the vehicle, the battery state including a battery state of charge and a battery temperature; If the battery state of charge is within a first threshold range and the battery temperature is within a second threshold range, determining that the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition; If the battery state of charge is not within a first threshold range, and / or the battery temperature is not within a second threshold range, it is determined that the vehicle does not meet the pulse heating condition.

8. The battery heating control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: When the pulse heating condition is not met, a target heating strategy is executed to heat the battery, wherein the target heating strategy includes hot film heating and positive temperature coefficient heating.

9. A battery heating control device, characterized in that: include: A first determination module is used to determine the saturation current of the motor for regulating the battery temperature based on the maximum negative electrode potential of the battery cell in the battery when the vehicle meets the pulse heating condition; A second determination module is used to determine the maximum pulse heating current of the motor based on the maximum current that the bus of the motor can withstand and the saturation current; A processing module is used to perform pulse heating on the battery based on the maximum pulse heating current.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executed.

12. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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