A plant pesticide and its application

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and specifically discloses a plant pesticide and its application. The plant pesticide includes willow leaf fermentation liquid, locust leaf fermentation liquid and soybean fermentation liquid. The fermentation products produced by willow leaves, locust leaves and soybeans through enzymatic hydrolysis contain biologically active substances, which can act as signal molecules to induce grapevines to produce SAR, so that when the grapevines are invaded by pathogens, they can quickly start their own defense response, such as activating the expression of related disease-resistant genes, synthesizing disease-resistant substances, and enhancing the immunity of grapevines to diseases. The plant pesticide contains beneficial microorganisms such as yeast, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, and bacillus, which form dominant bacterial communities around grapevines, and inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens by competing for nutrition, secreting antibacterial substances, inducing plants to produce disease resistance, etc., and reduce the occurrence of grapevine diseases; after these microorganisms are colonized in the soil, they form a symbiotic relationship with the root system of grapevines, enhancing the immunity of grapevines and resistance to diseases and insect pests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a plant pesticide and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Grapevine yellow leaf disease is a nutrient deficiency disease of grapes. The pathogen is insufficient iron supply, and the main damaged part is the leaves. At present, the main technology used for the treatment of grapevine yellow leaf disease is the underground bottle iron absorption method. One ring of ferrous sulfate solution is put into the bottle, and 2 bottles are buried for each plant. After one week, the leaves of the diseased plants will turn green again. This method can achieve obvious and long-term effects, but in hot weather, this method will cause black spots on young grape fruits, affecting the sales of grapes. Grapevine small leaf disease is a typical nutrient deficiency disease, which is mainly a physiological disease caused by zinc deficiency. For the prevention and control of grapevine small leaf disease, the most commonly used method is to spray a mixture of amino acids, gibberellic acid and triacontanol. The treatment time is long and the treatment effect is limited.

[0003] At present, grapevine virus diseases mainly include leaf curl, fan leaf and root rot. Infected plants have severe flower and fruit drop, smaller bunches and berries, lower yield, declining vitality of the whole plant and poor development. For the prevention and control of grapevine leaf curl, the most commonly used method is to use 36% plant poison No. 1 powder to irrigate the roots and spray twice to stop the virus from expanding. For the prevention and control of grapevine fan leaf, the most commonly used method is to use 5% chlorpyrifos granules to soak the roots to kill soil nematodes and prevent the spread of soil nematodes in the field. For the prevention and control of grapevine root rot, the most commonly used method is to irrigate the roots of diseased plants with drugs (70% methyl thiophanate 800 times solution, 50% benomyl 1000 times solution, 50% thiophanate 250~300 times solution, 70% pentachloronitrobenzene 1:50~1:100 medicinal soil, 1% copper sulfate solution, 3 degrees lime sulfur mixture, etc.) to kill the pathogens in the soil and restore the health of the plants. However, the use of these agents can only kill the virus but cannot restore the grapevines to their normal state. The cure rate is low and the cost of the agents is high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a plant pesticide and its application, which selects a specific plant fermentation liquid, has an excellent therapeutic effect on grapevine yellow leaf disease and virus disease, and the extract in the plant fermentation liquid can provide corresponding nutrients for the grapevine, which is more conducive to the growth of the grapevine.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a botanical pesticide comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60 to 70 parts of willow leaf fermentation liquid, 55 to 65 parts of locust leaf fermentation liquid, and 45 to 55 parts of soybean fermentation liquid.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention is a pharmacological plant fermentation liquid composition developed based on the traditional Chinese medicine sex of traditional Chinese medicine, with willow leaf fermentation liquid as the monarch, locust leaf fermentation liquid as the minister, and soybean fermentation liquid as the envoy, and only when the three are compounded in a specific ratio can they play a synergistic effect. Experiments show that the single application has almost no effect on diseased grapevine plants. The fermentation products produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of willow leaves, locust leaves and soybeans contain some biologically active substances, such as oligosaccharides, polypeptides, etc., which can act as signal molecules to induce grapevines to produce systemic acquired resistance (SAR), so that grapevines can quickly start their own defense response when attacked by pathogens, such as activating the expression of related disease-resistant genes, synthesizing phytoalexins, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and other disease-resistant substances, and enhancing the immunity of grapevines to diseases. Willow leaf fermentation liquid, locust leaf fermentation liquid and soybean fermentation liquid contain some beneficial microorganisms, such as yeast, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, Bacillus, etc. These beneficial microorganisms form dominant bacterial communities around the grape vines, and inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens through various means such as competing for nutrients, secreting antibacterial substances, and inducing plants to produce disease resistance, thereby reducing the occurrence of grapevine diseases; in addition, after these microorganisms colonize in the soil, they form a symbiotic relationship with the roots of grapevines, enhance the immunity of grapevines, have a certain inhibitory effect on soil-borne diseases, and can also promote the healthy growth of grapevines, thereby enhancing their resistance to diseases and pests.

[0007] Willow leaves and Sophora japonica leaves contain a variety of bioactive substances, such as flavonoids, phenols, etc., which have certain antibacterial effects. Willow leaves contain a large amount of salicylic acid, salicylic acid glycosides, vitamins, carotene, minerals and trace elements, such as potassium, holmium, iodine, zinc, iron, etc.; Sophora japonica leaves are rich in plant protein, sugars, cellulose, vitamins, minerals and a variety of trace elements. The mineral elements and a small amount of nitrogen in willow leaves and Sophora japonica leaves can become organic fertilizers after fermentation, providing nutrients for grapevines, promoting the growth of grapevines and enhancing their stress resistance. Soybeans are rich in nutrients such as protein and oil. After fermentation and decomposition, they will be converted into small molecular organic substances such as amino acids, polypeptides, fatty acids, as well as macroelements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements such as iron, manganese and zinc. Small molecular organic substances are more easily absorbed by grapevines, enhancing the vigor of grapevines and improving their own disease resistance; macroelements and trace elements can provide grapevines with rich and comprehensive nutrition, which is conducive to the growth of branches and leaves and the development of fruits of grapevines. For example, nitrogen can promote the growth of grape leaves, enhance their photosynthesis, produce more organic matter, and provide sufficient energy and material basis for the growth of the tree and its resistance to diseases. Fermented substances from willow leaves, locust leaves and soybeans can be applied to the soil to increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve the soil structure, make the soil more loose and breathable, which is conducive to the growth and respiration of the grapevine roots and improve the roots' ability to absorb water and nutrients.

[0008] The present invention limits the components and contents of the plant pesticides, exerts the synergistic effect of each component, and has excellent therapeutic effects on yellow leaf disease and virus disease of grapevines. In addition, willow leaf fermentation liquid, sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid and soybean fermentation liquid are all plant extracts, have no side effects on grapevines and soil, and can ensure that grapevines, soil and grapes are green and organic.

[0009] Preferably, the willow leaf fermentation broth comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 to 25 parts of willow leaves, 4 to 7 parts of sugar and 30 to 40 parts of water.

[0010] Further preferably, the willow leaves include at least one of weeping willow leaves, white willow leaves, Yunnan willow leaves, purple willow leaves or Chinese willow leaves.

[0011] Preferably, the sophora japonica leaf fermentation broth comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 to 22 parts of sophora japonica leaves, 4 to 7 parts of sugar and 30 to 38 parts of water.

[0012] Further preferably, the sophora leaf includes at least one of acacia leaves, robinia pseudoacacia leaves or robinia pseudoacacia leaves.

[0013] Preferably, the soybean fermentation broth comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 to 23 parts of soybeans, 3 to 6 parts of sugar and 20 to 30 parts of water.

[0014] Further preferably, the sugar is brown sugar.

[0015] The main component of brown sugar is sucrose, which will be converted into monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose after fermentation, as well as some organic acids, biologically active substances and trace elements. These substances can provide energy and carbon sources for the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promote the reproduction and activity of microorganisms, indirectly improve soil fertility and improve soil structure, but also can supplement a certain amount of energy for the grape vines, make the grape vine root system grow stronger, thereby enhancing the grape vines' resistance to diseases.

[0016] Preferably, the method for preparing the willow leaf fermented liquid comprises the following steps: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the willow leaves, add them together with sugar and water into a sealed container for the first fermentation, and obtain the willow leaf fermentation liquid.

[0017] Further preferably, the maximum length of the willow leaves after crushing is 0.5 cm to 1 cm.

[0018] More preferably, the temperature of the first fermentation is 20°C to 28°C (more preferably 22°C to 25°C), and the first fermentation time is 50 days to 60 days.

[0019] Further preferably, during the first fermentation process, the sealed container needs to be opened for stirring every 60 hours to 80 hours. The present invention does not limit the stirring rate and time, which shall be based on uniform mixing.

[0020] Preferably, the method for preparing the sophora japonica leaf fermented liquid comprises the following steps: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the Sophora japonica leaves, add them together with sugar and water into a sealed container for a second fermentation, and obtain Sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid.

[0021] Further preferably, the maximum length of the Sophora japonica leaves after crushing is 0.5 cm to 0.8 cm.

[0022] More preferably, the temperature of the second fermentation is 20°C to 28°C (more preferably 22°C to 25°C), and the second fermentation time is 40 days to 50 days.

[0023] Further preferably, during the second fermentation process, the sealed container needs to be opened for stirring every 60 hours to 80 hours. The present invention does not limit the stirring rate and time, which shall be based on uniform mixing.

[0024] Preferably, the method for preparing the soybean fermentation broth comprises the following steps: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the soybeans, and add them into a sealed container together with sugar and water for the third fermentation to obtain soybean fermentation liquid.

[0025] Further preferably, the particle size of the soybeans after crushing is 0.1 mm to 2 mm.

[0026] More preferably, the temperature of the third fermentation is 20°C to 28°C (more preferably 22°C to 25°C), and the third fermentation time is 35d to 42d.

[0027] Further preferably, during the third fermentation process, the sealed container needs to be opened for stirring every 60 hours to 80 hours. The present invention does not limit the stirring rate and time, which shall be based on uniform mixing.

[0028] In the present invention, the willow leaves, locust leaves or soybeans are firstly crushed and then put into a closed container for fermentation, which is more conducive to the fermentation, shortens the fermentation time and greatly improves the fermentation efficiency.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the botanical pesticide, comprising the following steps: The components are weighed according to the mass ratio, and the willow leaf fermentation liquid, the locust leaf fermentation liquid and the soybean fermentation liquid are evenly mixed to obtain the plant pesticide.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a use of the plant pesticide in treating grapevine nutrient deficiency and / or grapevine virus disease.

[0031] Preferably, the grapevine nutrient deficiency disease includes at least one of grapevine yellow leaf disease or grapevine small leaf disease.

[0032] Preferably, the grapevine virus disease includes at least one of grapevine leaf roll, grapevine mosaic, grapevine fan leaf or grapevine root rot.

[0033] The plant pesticide (i.e., fermentation product) provided by the present invention contains a variety of antibacterial substances, such as organic acids, antibiotics, etc., which can inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens. For example, organic acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid produced by lactic acid bacteria fermentation can reduce the pH value of the environment and create an acidic environment that is not conducive to the growth of pathogens; microorganisms such as Bacillus can secrete antibiotic substances such as antimicrobial peptides and bacteriocins, which have a direct inhibitory effect on a variety of common pathogens such as grape downy mildew and powdery mildew. Plant pesticides also contain rich nutrients, which attract a large number of beneficial microorganisms to colonize around the roots and on the surface of grapevines. These beneficial microorganisms compete with pathogens for nutrients, water and living space in the soil, so that the growth and reproduction of pathogens are inhibited.

[0034] Oligosaccharides and peptides in plant pesticides can act as elicitors to activate the immune system of grapevines and induce systemic acquired resistance. For example, when grapevines are attacked by external pathogens, the SAR signaling pathway activated by fermentation products will upregulate the expression of resistance genes in grapevine cells, synthesize and accumulate phytoalexins, pathogenesis-related proteins and other disease-resistant substances, thereby enhancing the resistance of grapevines to various diseases. The fermented products provide comprehensive and rich nutrition for grapevines, which helps the growth and development of the root system. The developed root system can better absorb water and nutrients, making the grapevines grow strong, thereby enhancing resistance to diseases. Soybeans, willow leaves, locust leaves and other raw materials are rich in precursors of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and phenols. After fermentation, these substances are more easily absorbed and utilized by grapevines, providing raw materials for grapevines to synthesize disease-resistant secondary metabolites such as phytoalexins, thereby enhancing the disease resistance of grapevines.

[0035] The application of plant pesticides can also improve the soil environment. Long-term use of fermentation products can increase the number and types of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, improve the structure of soil microbial communities, and form a stable beneficial microbial ecosystem. The establishment of this beneficial microbial community helps to inhibit the growth and spread of pathogens in the soil and reduce the occurrence of root diseases of grapevines. The organic matter in plant pesticides (fermentation liquid) can improve the structure and aeration of the soil and increase the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer. A good soil environment is conducive to the growth and respiration of the roots of grapevines, improve the overall health of grapevines, and enhance their resistance to diseases.

[0036] The nutrients and bioactive substances (such as amino acids, peptides, vitamins, etc.) in plant pesticides can promote the growth and development of grapevines and enhance their own immunity, thereby improving the resistance of grapevines to fan leaf virus and alleviating the symptoms of fan leaf disease. The nutrients and bioactive substances (such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, etc.) in plant pesticides have antioxidant and plant physiological function regulating effects, which can alleviate the physiological stress caused by leaf roll disease on grapevines, enhance the stress resistance of grapevines, and reduce the occurrence and harm of leaf roll disease.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the botanical pesticide, comprising the following steps: Dilute the plant pesticide with water and apply it by root irrigation or foliar spraying.

[0038] Preferably, when applied by root irrigation, the mass ratio of water to plant pesticide is (250-350):1.

[0039] Preferably, when spraying on leaves, the mass ratio of water to plant pesticide is (500-800):1.

[0040] In the present invention, the method for using the plant pesticide specifically needs to be applied according to the severity of the disease of the grapevine. For grapevines with severe disease (more than half of the grape leaves are diseased), root irrigation is required, and foliar spraying and root irrigation can also be performed at the same time. For slightly diseased plants (less than half of the grape leaves are diseased), only foliar spraying is required. For grapevines with severe disease, the disease of the trees is significantly relieved after one root irrigation application. New radicles can grow after 3d to 5d of application, new shoots grow from the roots of the grapevines after 7d, and the grapevines return to normal after 10d, and the root system of the grapevines is more developed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 These are pictures of grape plants before and after the application of the drug in Application Example 1 of the present invention; a is a picture of a plant with yellow leaf disease, and b is a picture of a plant with yellow leaf disease 7 days after the drug application; Figure 2 These are pictures of grape plants before and after the application of the drug in Application Example 2 of the present invention; a is a picture of a plant with small leaf disease, and b is a picture of a plant with small leaf disease 7 days after the drug application; Figure 3 This is a picture of the grape plants after 5 days of medication in Application Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 4 These are pictures of grape plants before and after application of the drug in Application Example 4 of the present invention; a represents a picture of a plant suffering from root rot disease, and b represents a picture of a plant suffering from root rot disease 3 days after application of the drug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0043] The application examples and comparative application examples of the present invention were all carried out in Xingtai City. The test grape plants were Sunshine Rose grape seedlings in the reproductive growth stage, and the pesticide application time was in early to mid-May.

[0044] Example 1 This embodiment provides a botanical pesticide, which is composed of the following components by weight: 64 parts of willow leaf fermentation liquid, 60 parts of sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid and 50 parts of soybean fermentation liquid. The willow leaf fermented liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of weeping willow leaves, 6 parts of brown sugar and 35 parts of water; The sophora japonica leaf fermented liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of sophora japonica leaves, 5 parts of brown sugar and 35 parts of water; The soybean fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of soybeans, 5 parts of brown sugar and 25 parts of water.

[0045] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1, Preparation of willow leaf fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the weeping willow leaves to a maximum length of 0.8 cm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the first fermentation at 24°C for 55 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 3 days for stirring to obtain willow leaf fermentation liquid.

[0046] S2, preparation of Sophora japonica leaf fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the Sophora japonica leaves to a maximum length of 0.6 cm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the second fermentation at 24°C for 45 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 3 days for stirring to obtain Sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid.

[0047] S3, preparation of soybean fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the soybeans to a particle size of 0.8 mm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the third fermentation at 24°C for 38 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 3 days for stirring to obtain the soybean fermentation liquid.

[0048] S4, weighing each component according to the mass ratio, and evenly mixing the willow leaf fermentation liquid, the locust leaf fermentation liquid and the soybean fermentation liquid to obtain the plant pesticide.

[0049] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the sequence of S1 to S3.

[0050] Example 2 This embodiment provides a botanical pesticide, which is composed of the following components by weight: 60 parts of willow leaf fermentation liquid, 55 parts of sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid and 45 parts of soybean fermentation liquid. The willow leaf fermented liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of white willow leaves, 4 parts of brown sugar and 36 parts of water; The Robinia leaf fermented liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts of Robinia leaf, 6 parts of brown sugar and 30 parts of water; The soybean fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of soybeans, 3 parts of brown sugar and 24 parts of water.

[0051] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1, Preparation of willow leaf fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the white willow leaves to a maximum length of 0.5 cm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the first fermentation at 25°C for 50 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 3 days for stirring to obtain willow leaf fermentation liquid.

[0052] S2, preparation of Sophora japonica leaf fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the Robinia pseudoacacia leaves to a maximum length of 0.5 cm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the second fermentation at 25°C for 40 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 3 days for stirring to obtain the Robinia pseudoacacia leaf fermentation liquid.

[0053] S3, preparation of soybean fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the soybeans to a particle size of 0.2 mm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the third fermentation at 25°C for 35 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 3 days for stirring to obtain the soybean fermentation liquid.

[0054] S4, weighing each component according to the mass ratio, and uniformly mixing the willow leaf fermentation liquid, the locust leaf fermentation liquid and the soybean fermentation liquid at room temperature to obtain the plant pesticide.

[0055] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the sequence of S1 to S3.

[0056] Example 3 This embodiment provides a botanical pesticide, which is composed of the following components by weight: 61 parts of willow leaf fermentation liquid, 65 parts of sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid and 55 parts of soybean fermentation liquid. The willow leaf fermented liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24 parts of Yunnan willow leaves, 7 parts of brown sugar and 30 parts of water; The sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sophora japonica leaves, 12 parts of robinia pseudoacacia leaves, 7 parts of brown sugar and 36 parts of water; The soybean fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of soybeans, 6 parts of brown sugar and 26 parts of water.

[0057] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1, Preparation of willow leaf fermentation broth: Weigh all raw materials according to the mass ratio, crush the Yunnan willow leaves to a maximum length of 1 cm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the first fermentation at 22°C for 60 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 60 hours for stirring to obtain willow leaf fermentation liquid.

[0058] S2, preparation of Sophora japonica leaf fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the Sophora japonica leaves and Robinia pseudoacacia leaves to a maximum length of 0.6 cm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the second fermentation at 22°C for 40 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 60 hours for stirring to obtain Sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid.

[0059] S3, preparation of soybean fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the soybeans to a particle size of 1 mm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the third fermentation at 22°C for 37 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 60 hours for stirring to obtain the soybean fermentation liquid.

[0060] S4, weighing each component according to the mass ratio, and evenly mixing the willow leaf fermentation liquid, the locust leaf fermentation liquid and the soybean fermentation liquid to obtain the plant pesticide.

[0061] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the sequence of S1 to S3.

[0062] Example 4 This embodiment provides a botanical pesticide, which is composed of the following components by weight: 70 parts of willow leaf fermentation liquid, 60 parts of sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid and 54 parts of soybean fermentation liquid. The willow leaf fermented liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of purple willow leaves, 15 parts of wolfberry willow leaves, 5 parts of brown sugar and 40 parts of water; The sophora leaf fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of sophora japonica leaves, 4 parts of brown sugar and 38 parts of water; The soybean fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of soybeans, 4 parts of brown sugar and 30 parts of water.

[0063] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1, Preparation of willow leaf fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the purple willow leaves and Chinese wolfberry willow leaves to a maximum length of 0.7 cm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the first fermentation at 23°C for 52 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 80 hours for stirring to obtain willow leaf fermentation liquid.

[0064] S2, preparation of Sophora japonica leaf fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the Robinia pseudoacacia leaves to a maximum length of 0.8 cm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the second fermentation at 23°C for 48 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 80 hours for stirring to obtain the Robinia pseudoacacia leaf fermentation liquid.

[0065] S3, preparation of soybean fermentation broth: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the soybeans to a particle size of 2 mm, add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the third fermentation at 23°C for 40 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 80 hours for stirring to obtain the soybean fermentation liquid.

[0066] S4, weighing each component according to the mass ratio, and evenly mixing the willow leaf fermentation liquid, the locust leaf fermentation liquid and the soybean fermentation liquid to obtain the plant pesticide.

[0067] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the sequence of S1 to S3.

[0068] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a plant pesticide, which is similar to Example 1, except that soybean fermentation liquid is not included. The remaining raw material components and their proportions are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be described in detail.

[0069] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1~S2 are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be described in detail.

[0070] S3, weighing each component according to the mass ratio, and evenly mixing the willow leaf fermentation liquid and the sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid to obtain the botanical pesticide.

[0071] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the sequence between S1 and S2.

[0072] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a botanical pesticide, which is similar to Example 2, except that the fermented liquor of Sophora japonica leaves is not included. The remaining raw material components and their proportions are the same as those in Example 2, and will not be described in detail.

[0073] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1 is the same as in Example 2 and will not be described in detail.

[0074] S2 is the same as S3 in Example 2 and will not be described in detail.

[0075] S3, weighing each component according to the mass ratio, and evenly mixing the willow leaf fermentation liquid and the soybean fermentation liquid to obtain the plant pesticide.

[0076] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the sequence between S1 and S2.

[0077] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a botanical pesticide, which is similar to Example 3, except that willow leaf fermentation liquid is not included. The remaining raw material components and their proportions are the same as those in Example 3 and will not be described in detail.

[0078] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1 is the same as S2 in Example 3 and will not be described in detail.

[0079] S2 is the same as S3 in Example 3 and will not be described in detail.

[0080] S3, weighing each component according to the mass ratio, and evenly mixing the Sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid and the soybean fermentation liquid to obtain the plant pesticide.

[0081] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the sequence between S1 and S2.

[0082] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a botanical pesticide, which is composed of the following components by weight: 100 parts of willow leaf fermentation liquid, 40 parts of sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid and 44 parts of soybean fermentation liquid. The raw materials of willow leaf fermentation liquid are the same as those in Example 4, and the amount of each raw material is increased in equal proportion, specifically consisting of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14.3 parts of purple willow leaves, 21.4 parts of wolfberry willow leaves, 7.1 parts of brown sugar and 57.1 parts of water; The raw materials of the sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid are the same as those in Example 4, and the amount of each raw material is reduced in proportion, and the raw materials are composed of the following parts by weight: 12 parts of hairy sophora japonica leaves, 2.7 parts of brown sugar and 25.3 parts of water; The raw materials of soybean fermentation liquid are the same as those in Example 4, and the amount of each raw material is reduced in equal proportion. It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16.3 parts of soybeans, 3.3 parts of brown sugar and 24.4 parts of water.

[0083] The preparation method of the above-mentioned plant pesticide is similar to that of Example 4 and will not be described in detail.

[0084] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides a botanical pesticide, which is composed of 174 parts of plant fermentation liquid. The raw material components and proportions of the plant fermentation liquid are the same as the mixed raw materials of the three fermentation liquids in Example 1, and are specifically composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of weeping willow leaves, 20 parts of Sophora japonica leaves, 20 parts of soybeans, 16 parts of brown sugar and 95 parts of water.

[0085] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the willow leaves to a maximum length of 0.8 cm, the Sophora japonica leaves to a maximum length of 0.6 cm, and the soybeans to a particle size of 0.8 mm, and add them into a sealed earthenware jar together with brown sugar and water, and carry out the first fermentation at 24°C for 55 days. Open the sealed earthenware jar every 3 days for stirring to obtain plant fermentation liquid, i.e., plant pesticide.

[0086] Comparative Example 6 This comparative example provides a botanical pesticide, which is similar to Example 3, except that the willow leaf fermentation liquid is replaced with mulberry leaf fermentation liquid of equal quality. The mulberry leaf fermented liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24 parts of white mulberry leaves, 7 parts of brown sugar and 30 parts of water; The raw materials and proportions of the Sophora japonica leaf fermented liquid and the soybean fermented liquid are the same as those in Example 3 and will not be described in detail.

[0087] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1, preparation of mulberry leaf fermentation liquid: similar to S1 of Example 3, except that Yunnan willow leaves are replaced by white mulberry leaves.

[0088] S2~S4 are the same as those in Example 3 and will not be described in detail.

[0089] Comparative Example 7 This comparative example provides a botanical pesticide, which is similar to Example 4, except that the soybean fermentation liquid is replaced with black soybean fermentation liquid of the same quality. The raw materials and proportions of willow leaf fermentation liquid and sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid are the same as those in Example 4 and will not be described in detail. The black bean fermented liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of black beans, 4 parts of brown sugar and 30 parts of water.

[0090] The preparation method of the above-mentioned botanical pesticide comprises the following steps: S1~S2 are the same as those in Example 4 and will not be described in detail.

[0091] S3, preparation of black bean fermentation liquid: similar to S1 of Example 4, except that yellow beans are replaced by black beans.

[0092] S4 is the same as Example 4 and will not be described in detail.

[0093] Application Example 1 This application example provides an application of a plant pesticide in treating yellow leaf disease of grapevines.

[0094] The method of using botanical pesticides includes the following steps: The botanical pesticide of Example 1 was diluted with water, with a mass ratio of water to the botanical pesticide being 800:1, and the pesticide was sprayed on the leaves of grapevines suffering from yellow leaf disease.

[0095] Pictures of grape vines before and after medication Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the color of the diseased grape leaves is yellowish, the yellow spots on the leaves are unevenly distributed, and the color of the local area is different in depth; after treatment with the plant pesticide provided by the present invention, the spots gradually disappear, the color of the leaves gradually returns to normal and tends to be consistent. Through naked eye observation, the leaves have shown a bright green color similar to that of healthy plant leaves, with uniform color and rich luster.

[0096] Application Example 2 This application example provides an application of a plant pesticide in treating grape leaflet disease.

[0097] The method of using botanical pesticides includes the following steps: The botanical pesticide of Example 2 was diluted with water, with a mass ratio of water to the botanical pesticide being 650:1, and the plant pesticide was sprayed on the leaves of grapevines suffering from small leaf disease.

[0098] Pictures of grape vines before and after medication Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the diseased grape leaves are obviously yellow, the leaves are small, curled, shrunken, and the edges are irregular; after being treated with the plant pesticide provided by the present invention, the leaves are stretched and flat, the length, width and thickness are significantly increased, the shape is restored to normal, the serrations on the edges of the leaves become neat, the leaf color is restored to normal green, and the green color of the leaves is evenly distributed.

[0099] Application Example 3 This application example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating grapevine fan leaf disease.

[0100] The method of using botanical pesticides includes the following steps: The botanical pesticide of Example 3 was diluted with water, with a mass ratio of water to the botanical pesticide being 550:1, and the plant pesticide was sprayed on the leaves of grapevines suffering from fan leaf disease.

[0101] Pictures of grape vines before and after medication Figure 3 As shown. The diseased grape leaves showed typical fan-shaped deformities, with irregular leaf edges and obvious notches, transparent veins and yellowing, the main veins became lighter in color, the clarity of branch veins decreased, and some veins had necrotic spots. After treatment with the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention, the leaves gradually returned to their normal shape, the edges became smooth and neat, the vein color returned to normal green, the transparency decreased to the level of healthy leaves, the necrotic spots disappeared, the vein tissue structure returned to normal, and the leaves were no different from normal leaves when observed with the naked eye, indicating that the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention effectively corrected the deformed leaf development caused by fan leaf disease.

[0102] Application Example 4 This application example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating root rot of grapevines.

[0103] The method of using botanical pesticides includes the following steps: The botanical pesticide of Example 4 was diluted with water, with a mass ratio of water to the botanical pesticide being 300:1, and the solution was applied to the roots of grapevines suffering from root rot.

[0104] Pictures of grape vines before and after medication Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the diseased grape leaves turn yellow, become thinner, smaller and withered, showing obvious yellowing and dull characteristics; after being treated with the plant pesticide provided by the present invention, the leaves gradually return to normal green.

[0105] Application Comparative Example 1 This application comparative example provides an application of a plant pesticide in treating yellow leaf disease of grapevines.

[0106] The method of using the botanical pesticide is similar to that of Application Example 1, except that the botanical pesticide is replaced by the botanical pesticide of Comparative Example 1.

[0107] Application Comparative Example 2 This comparative application example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating grapevine leaflet disease.

[0108] The method of using the botanical pesticide is similar to that of Application Example 2, except that the botanical pesticide is replaced by the botanical pesticide of Comparative Example 2.

[0109] Application Comparative Example 3 This application comparative example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating grapevine fan leaf disease.

[0110] The method of using the botanical pesticide is similar to that of Application Example 3, except that the botanical pesticide is replaced by the botanical pesticide of Comparative Example 3.

[0111] Application Comparative Example 4 This application comparative example provides an application of a plant pesticide in treating yellow leaf disease of grapevines.

[0112] The method of using the botanical pesticide is similar to that of Application Example 1, except that the botanical pesticide is replaced by the botanical pesticide of Comparative Example 4.

[0113] Application Comparative Example 5 This application comparative example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating grapevine root rot.

[0114] The method of using the botanical pesticide is similar to that of Application Example 4, except that the botanical pesticide is replaced by the botanical pesticide of Comparative Example 5.

[0115] Application Comparative Example 6 This application comparative example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating grapevine fan leaf disease.

[0116] The method of using the botanical pesticide is similar to that of Application Example 3, except that the botanical pesticide is replaced by the botanical pesticide of Comparative Example 6.

[0117] Application Comparative Example 7 This application comparative example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating grapevine root rot.

[0118] The method of using the botanical pesticide is similar to that of Application Example 4, except that the botanical pesticide is replaced by the botanical pesticide of Comparative Example 7.

[0119] Application Comparative Example 8 This application comparative example provides an application of a plant pesticide in treating yellow leaf disease of grapevines.

[0120] The method of using the plant pesticide is similar to that in Application Example 1, except that the plant pesticide is replaced with the willow leaf fermented liquid of Example 1.

[0121] Application Comparative Example 9 This comparative application example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating grapevine leaflet disease.

[0122] The method of using the plant pesticide is similar to that in Application Example 2, except that the plant pesticide is replaced with the Sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid in Example 1.

[0123] Application Comparative Example 10 This application comparative example provides an application of a botanical pesticide in treating grapevine root rot.

[0124] The method of using the plant pesticide is similar to that of Application Example 4, except that the plant pesticide is replaced with the soybean fermentation liquid of Example 1.

[0125] Verification test Corresponding tests were performed on diseased plants, healthy plants, and plants after application of plant pesticides in the application examples and the application comparison ratios. It should be noted that healthy plants refer to grape plants that are not diseased and have not been treated with plant pesticides.

[0126] 1. Leaf color The leaf color was quantitatively measured using a spectrophotometer, and the chlorophyll content of grape leaves was determined using spectrophotometry. Five leaves were randomly selected from each test plant for testing, and the average value was taken as the test result. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0127] Table 1 CIELAB color space and chlorophyll content of grape leaf color

[0128] 2. Photosynthesis The photosynthetic measurement system (LI-6400 portable photosynthetic instrument) was used to measure the photosynthetic activity of the plants under standard environmental conditions (light intensity of 1200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , temperature 25℃, humidity RH=50%, CO2 concentration 400μmol·mol -1 The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of the leaves of the grape plants were measured under different conditions (such as temperature, humidity, etc.). Five leaves were randomly selected from each test plant for testing, and the average value was taken as the test result. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0129] Table 2 Photosynthesis test results of grape plants

[0130] 3. Root system The root scanning and analysis system was used to image and analyze the roots of healthy plants, plants with root rot and plants treated with medicine, and the root morphological changes were observed. The results showed that the roots of grape plants with root rot showed serious decay, with a large number of black cords entangled on the surface of the main root and lateral root, the root epidermis rotted and peeled off, the wood part changed color and the texture became soft; after one growing season of treatment with the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention, the root system gradually recovered, the cords disappeared, the root epidermis became smooth and tough again, and the color of the wood part returned to normal. This shows that the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention effectively inhibits the invasion of pathogens on the root system and promotes the regeneration and repair of the root system.

[0131] 4. Fruit The grape yield and fruit quality of the grape plants in the third growing season were tested respectively. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0132] Table 3 Grape yield and quality of grape plants

[0133] 5. Nutritional content Using an element analyzer and isotope tracing technology, the changes in the content of nutrient elements in the new shoots of grape plants 10 days after the drug was applied (see Table 4) and the absorption and transport conditions in the body were detected. Isotope tracing showed that the nutrient elements of the grape plants cured by the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention were transported unimpeded in the plant body and distributed evenly and reasonably. This shows that the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention corrects the nutritional metabolic disorders caused by yellow leaf disease and viral diseases, and ensures the normal growth and development requirements of various organs of the grape plants.

[0134] Table 4 Nutrient content of new shoots of grape plants

[0135] 6. Disease resistance During the three growing seasons, the healthy plants and the treated plants were tracked and monitored in the field, and the frequency and proportion of the grape plants being infected with the corresponding diseases or other common diseases were statistically analyzed. The results showed that under the same test environment conditions, the incidence rate (3%) of the grape plants cured by the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention was significantly lower than that of the healthy plants (16%) that were not treated with the botanical pesticide, and the coefficient of variation (CV) of various monitoring indicators such as leaf morphology, photosynthesis, and growth and development were all less than 6%. This shows that the botanical pesticide provided by the present invention can not only cure yellow leaf disease and virus disease of grapevines, but also enhance the self-immunity and disease resistance of grape plants, reduce the risk of reinfection, have good long-term stability, and provide a guarantee for the long-term healthy growth of grapes.

[0136] 7. Stress resistance In the natural field environment, the performance of grape plants under adverse conditions was observed and compared with healthy plants and diseased plants. Table 5 shows the test results of the relative water content of the leaves of grape plants under drought conditions (soil volume water content of 15%) after one week of stress. The results show that under suitable growth conditions, the relative water content of healthy grape plants is 75%. During drought stress, the relative water content of the leaves of diseased plants decreased to 35%~43% after one week of stress, and severe wilting occurred. The relative water content of the leaves of the cured plants only decreased to 57%~60%, which can maintain good turgor pressure and physiological functions, showing strong drought resistance. These results show that the growth potential of grape plants treated with the plant pesticide provided by the present invention is enhanced, the stress resistance is significantly improved, and they can better adapt to adverse external environmental conditions, ensuring the stable growth and long-term health of the plants.

[0137] Table 5 Test results of grape plants under drought conditions

[0138] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A botanical pesticide, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 to 70 parts of willow leaf fermentation liquid, 55 to 65 parts of locust leaf fermentation liquid and 45 to 55 parts of soybean fermentation liquid.

2. The botanical pesticide according to claim 1, characterized in that The willow leaf fermented liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 25 parts of willow leaves, 4 to 7 parts of sugar and 30 to 40 parts of water; The sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 to 22 parts of sophora japonica leaves, 4 to 7 parts of sugar and 30 to 38 parts of water; The soybean fermentation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 to 23 parts of soybeans, 3 to 6 parts of sugar and 20 to 30 parts of water.

3. The botanical pesticide according to claim 2, characterized in that The willow leaves include at least one of willow leaves, white willow leaves, Yunnan willow leaves, purple willow leaves or Chinese willow leaves; The sophora leaf comprises at least one of acacia leaf, robinia leaf or robinia leaf; The sugar is brown sugar.

4. The botanical pesticide according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The method for preparing the willow leaf fermented liquid comprises the following steps: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the willow leaves, add them together with sugar and water into a sealed container for the first fermentation, and obtain willow leaf fermentation liquid; The preparation method of the sophora japonica leaf fermented liquid comprises the following steps: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the Sophora japonica leaves, add them together with sugar and water into a sealed container for a second fermentation, and obtain Sophora japonica leaf fermentation liquid; The preparation method of the soybean fermentation liquid comprises the following steps: Weigh each raw material according to the mass ratio, crush the soybeans, and add them into a sealed container together with sugar and water for the third fermentation to obtain soybean fermentation liquid.

5. The botanical pesticide according to claim 4, characterized in that The maximum length of the willow leaf after being broken is 0.5 cm to 1 cm; The maximum length of the sophora japonica leaf after crushing is 0.5 cm to 0.8 cm; The particle size of the soybeans after crushing is 0.1mm~2mm.

6. The botanical pesticide according to claim 4, characterized in that The temperature of the first fermentation is 20°C to 28°C, and the first fermentation time is 50 days to 60 days; during the first fermentation process, the sealed container needs to be opened for stirring every 60 hours to 80 hours; The temperature of the second fermentation is 20°C to 28°C, and the second fermentation time is 40d to 50d; during the second fermentation process, the sealed container needs to be opened for stirring every 60h to 80h; The temperature of the third fermentation is 20° C. to 28° C., and the third fermentation time is 35 days to 42 days. During the third fermentation process, the sealed container needs to be opened for stirring every 60 hours to 80 hours.

7. Use of the botanical pesticide according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in treating nutrient deficiency and / or grapevine virus disease in grapevines.

8. Use of the plant pesticide according to claim 7 in treating nutrient deficiency and / or grapevine virus disease, characterized in that: The grapevine nutrient deficiency disease includes at least one of grapevine yellow leaf disease or grapevine small leaf disease; The grapevine virus disease includes at least one of grapevine leaf roll, grapevine mosaic, grapevine fan leaf or grapevine root rot.

9. The method for using the botanical pesticide according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Dilute the plant pesticide with water and apply it by root irrigation or foliar spraying.

10. The method for using the botanical pesticide according to claim 9, characterized in that: When applied by root irrigation, the mass ratio of water to plant pesticide is (250-350):1; When spraying on leaves, the mass ratio of water to plant pesticide is (500-800):1.

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