Intelligent temperature control solid hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of solid-state hydrogen storage, and discloses an intelligent temperature control solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling, multiple first cooling medium cavities exist between a shell and a hydrogen storage container, the inside of the hydrogen storage container is longitudinally divided into multiple hydrogen storage areas, and the positions of the first cooling medium cavities are correspondingly arranged with the positions of the hydrogen storage areas, so that the solid-state hydrogen storage device can be cooled in sections, the temperature of each hydrogen storage area can be independently controlled, the cooling or heating process of the device is more accurate, the heat management performance of the hydrogen charging and hydrogen discharging processes can be remarkably improved, and the cooling efficiency of the device can be improved and the energy consumption can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid-state hydrogen storage, and in particular to an intelligent temperature-controlled solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling. Background Art

[0002] For solid-state hydrogen storage devices, traditional cooling methods are mainly liquid cooling or air cooling. However, the water utilization rate of the liquid cooling system is low, and there is a large amount of cooling water loss. This leads to a waste of cooling water resources and increased energy consumption on the one hand, and low cooling efficiency on the other hand. The air cooling system lacks the accuracy and flexibility of temperature control, and it is difficult to cope with the dynamic changes in heat generated during hydrogen release, especially when the ambient temperature fluctuates greatly or the hydrogen release rate is high. The many defects listed above have limited the working efficiency and scope of use of solid-state hydrogen storage devices to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an intelligent temperature-controlled solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling to solve the problems of low cooling efficiency, poor temperature control accuracy and high energy consumption of solid-state hydrogen storage devices in related technologies.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage device, comprising a housing and a hydrogen storage container disposed inside the housing; wherein,

[0005] There are a plurality of first cooling medium cavities between the shell and the hydrogen storage container;

[0006] At least one first cooling medium release device is provided on the inner wall of each first cooling medium cavity;

[0007] The interior of the hydrogen storage container is longitudinally divided into a plurality of hydrogen storage areas, wherein solid hydrogen storage materials are arranged in the hydrogen storage areas;

[0008] The first cooling medium cavity is arranged corresponding to the hydrogen storage area.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, a second cooling medium cavity is further provided at the center of the hydrogen storage container;

[0010] The outer wall of the second cooling medium cavity is in contact with each of the hydrogen storage areas;

[0011] At least one second cooling medium releasing device is provided on the top of the second cooling medium cavity.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, a collective switch is provided at the bottom of the shell, and the collective switch is used to control the communication between each of the first cooling medium cavities and the second cooling medium cavity.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage device further includes a cooling medium storage container;

[0014] The cooling medium storage container is arranged above the shell;

[0015] The cooling medium storage container is in communication with each of the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device, and is used to provide cooling medium or cooling medium precursor to each of the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, a heating device is provided in the cooling medium storage container.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device are both aerosol generators for releasing aerosol into the first cooling medium cavity and / or the second cooling medium cavity.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of temperature sensors are provided on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage container, and the temperature sensors are used to detect the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container; wherein,

[0019] At least one temperature sensor is correspondingly provided for each hydrogen storage area.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage device further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the first cooling medium release device, the second cooling medium release device, the heating device, the collective switch, and the temperature sensor, respectively.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the controller is capable of obtaining the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container detected by the temperature sensor, and controlling the heating device, the first cooling medium release device, the second cooling medium release device or the collective switch to turn on or off when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher or lower than a preset temperature.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen release state, the controller controls the heating device to turn on, heats the coolant or coolant precursor in the coolant storage container to a first preset temperature, and controls the second coolant release device to release the coolant; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is lower than a second preset temperature, the controller controls the first coolant release device to release the coolant; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is lower than a third preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch to turn on, so that the first coolant cavity and the second coolant cavity are connected;

[0023] and / or, when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen-charged state, the controller controls the heating device to be turned off, and controls the second cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a fourth preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a fifth preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch to be turned on, so that the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity are connected;

[0024] Optionally, when the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device are aerosol generators, the controller can adjust the droplet size and / or spray frequency of the aerosol when controlling the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium.

[0025] The above technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention has multiple first cooling medium cavities between the shell and the hydrogen storage container, the interior of the hydrogen storage container is longitudinally divided into multiple hydrogen storage areas, and the positions of the first cooling medium cavities are set corresponding to the positions of the hydrogen storage areas. Therefore, the solid-state hydrogen storage device can perform zoned cooling and independently control the temperature of each hydrogen storage area, making the cooling or heating process of the device more precise, and can significantly improve the thermal management performance of the hydrogen charging and dehydrogenation processes, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the device and reducing energy consumption.

[0027] (2) The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention is further provided with a second cooling medium cavity at the center of the hydrogen storage container. The first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity cooperate with each other to further improve the thermal management performance of the device, improve the cooling efficiency of the device and reduce energy consumption.

[0028] (3) The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention has a collective switch provided at the bottom of the shell for controlling the connection between each first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity, so that the cooling medium can circulate between the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity, which helps to improve the heat conduction effect and further improve the heating efficiency or cooling efficiency of the device.

[0029] (4) The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention has a cooling medium storage container disposed above the shell, so that the device is an integral whole, easy to move and carry, and provides a new solution for the development of portable, mobile and miniaturized hydrogen storage systems.

[0030] (5) In the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention, both the first cooling medium release device and the second cooling medium release device are aerosol generators. Aerosols are used as the cooling medium. By taking advantage of the aerosol's ability to remain suspended for extended periods, cooling water is prevented from rapidly draining away, significantly improving coolant utilization and significantly reducing temperature control energy consumption. Particularly in high-humidity environments, the aerosol can form a stable water vapor cloud around the device, further enhancing heat conduction efficiency.

[0031] (6) The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention is also equipped with a controller that enables intelligent temperature control of the device. The combination of a zoned cooling system and an intelligent temperature control module enables independent control of each hydrogen storage area, making the cooling or heating process more precise. This effectively solves the problems of uneven heat dissipation and low cooling efficiency in traditional hydrogen storage devices, significantly improving the stability and safety of the hydrogen storage device.

[0032] (7) The present invention proposes a partitioned intelligent temperature-controlled solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling, which can dynamically adjust the spray droplet parameters to adapt to the thermal management requirements of the hydrogen storage device under different working conditions, thereby improving the hydrogen release efficiency, enhancing the system stability, and reducing coolant loss and energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A front view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A bottom view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A top view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Shell; 2. Hydrogen storage container; 3. First cooling medium cavity; 4. First cooling medium release device; 5. Hydrogen storage area; 6. Second cooling medium cavity; 7. Second cooling medium release device; 8. Collective switch; 9. Cooling medium storage container; 10. Heating device; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. Internal and external circulation flow channels; 13. Hydrogen inlet and outlet; 14. Cooling medium inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the best mode of implementation. They do not limit the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior arts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified in the examples, the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in this field can be used. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all commercially available conventional reagents.

[0041] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples. These examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a front view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A top view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1 and a hydrogen storage container 2 disposed within the housing 1. Multiple first cooling medium cavities 3 are located between the housing 1 and the hydrogen storage container 2. At least one first cooling medium release device 4 is disposed on the inner wall of each first cooling medium cavity 3. The interior of the hydrogen storage container 2 is longitudinally divided into multiple hydrogen storage regions 5, each of which contains solid-state hydrogen storage material. The first cooling medium cavities 3 are disposed corresponding to the hydrogen storage regions 5.

[0044] Exemplarily, the shell 1 may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and its material may be metal, which mainly plays the function of overall support and sealing. There are four first cooling medium cavities 3 between the shell 1 and the hydrogen storage container 2, and a first cooling medium release device 4 (#1P, #2P, #3P, #4P) is provided on the inner wall of each first cooling medium cavity 3. The hydrogen storage container 2 may be spherical. The interior of the hydrogen storage container 2 is longitudinally divided into four hydrogen storage areas 5 (#1C, #2C, #3C, #4C). The four first cooling medium release devices 4 are respectively provided corresponding to the four hydrogen storage areas 5. The outlet of the first cooling medium release device 4 is directly facing the hydrogen storage area 5 to ensure that the released cooling medium can quickly cover the corresponding area.

[0045] A second cooling medium cavity 6 is further provided at the center of the hydrogen storage container 2 ; the outer wall of the second cooling medium cavity 6 is in contact with each hydrogen storage area 5 ; and at least one second cooling medium release device 7 is provided at the top of the second cooling medium cavity 6 .

[0046] Illustratively, the second cooling medium cavity 6 is a spherical space located at the center of the hydrogen storage container 2, used to further regulate the temperature of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage container 2. A second cooling medium release device 7 (#5P) is installed at the top of the second cooling medium cavity 6 to uniformly spray cooling medium into the inner cavity to achieve temperature control in the core area.

[0047] A collective switch 8 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 , and the collective switch 8 is used to control the communication between each first cooling medium cavity 3 and the second cooling medium cavity 6 .

[0048] Exemplarily, the integrated switch 8 is a four-in-one switch that, under specific conditions, enables communication between any of the first cooling medium cavities 3 and the second cooling medium cavity 6, allowing the cooling medium to circulate inside and outside the hydrogen storage container 2, thereby improving heat conduction. A flow channel interface connected to the four-in-one switch (integrated switch 8) is provided at the bottom of the second cooling medium cavity 6. This flow channel interface is connected to the four-in-one switch (integrated switch 8) via an internal and external circulation channel 12 that passes through the hydrogen storage area 5.

[0049] The solid-state hydrogen storage device further includes a cooling medium storage container 9 disposed above the housing 1. The cooling medium storage container 9 is in communication with each of the first cooling medium release devices 4 and the second cooling medium release devices 7, and is configured to provide cooling medium or a cooling medium precursor to each of the first cooling medium release devices 4 and the second cooling medium release devices 7. A heating device 10 is disposed within the cooling medium storage container 9.

[0050] Exemplarily, the cooling medium storage container 9 can be a water tank for storing coolant. The heating device 10 can be a heating wire. When the hydrogen storage device is in the hydrogen discharge state, the heating wire is activated to heat the coolant to a set temperature (e.g., 50°C) to generate a higher temperature aerosol, which supplies the heat required by the hydrogen storage material to maintain the hydrogen discharge rate. In the hydrogen charging state, the coolant in the water tank does not need to be heated, and the aerosol is directly sprayed out to remove excess heat, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydrogen storage material and the hydrogen charging rate.

[0051] The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in this embodiment is an intelligent temperature-controlled solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling, wherein the first cooling medium release device 4 and the second cooling medium release device 7 involved are both aerosol generators for releasing aerosol into the first cooling medium cavity 3 and / or the second cooling medium cavity 6.

[0052] A plurality of temperature sensors 11 are provided on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage container 2 , and the temperature sensors 11 are used to detect the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 ; wherein, at least one temperature sensor 11 is correspondingly provided for each hydrogen storage area 5 .

[0053] For example, the temperature sensor 11 can be a thermistor, specifically an NTC B3435 10K thermistor, for temperature monitoring. There can be four thermistors (#1N, #2N, #3N, #4N), corresponding to the four hydrogen storage areas 5 (#1C, #2C, #3C, #4C), respectively. The thermistors are secured to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage container 2 under the protection of a thin film seal, ensuring close contact between the two to ensure accurate temperature monitoring and rapid response.

[0054] In order to achieve the purpose of intelligent temperature control, the solid-state hydrogen storage device of this embodiment also includes a controller (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to the first cooling medium release device 4, the second cooling medium release device 7, the heating device 10, the collective switch 8 and the temperature sensor 11 respectively.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the controller can obtain the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 detected by the temperature sensor 11, and control the heating device 10, the first cooling medium release device 4, the second cooling medium release device 7 or the collective switch 8 to turn on or off when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is higher or lower than a preset temperature.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen release state, the controller controls the heating device 10 to turn on, heats the cooling medium or cooling medium precursor in the cooling medium storage container 9 to a first preset temperature, and controls the second cooling medium release device 7 to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is lower than the second preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium release device 4 to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is lower than the third preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch 8 to turn on, so that the first cooling medium cavity 3 and the second cooling medium cavity 6 are connected.

[0057] When the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen-filled state, the controller controls the heating device 10 to turn off and controls the second cooling medium release device 7 to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is higher than the fourth preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium release device 4 to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is higher than the fifth preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch 8 to turn on to connect the first cooling medium cavity 3 and the second cooling medium cavity 6.

[0058] In addition, when the first cooling medium releasing device 4 and the second cooling medium releasing device 7 are aerosol generators, the controller can adjust the droplet size and / or injection frequency of the aerosol when controlling the first cooling medium releasing device 4 and the second cooling medium releasing device 7 to release the cooling medium.

[0059] For example, in the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in this embodiment, the four aerosol generators located in the first cooling medium cavity and the aerosol generator located in the center of the second cooling medium cavity are all intelligently controlled by the controller, and one working process can be as follows:

[0060] (1) Particle size adjustment: The aerosol generator can adjust the droplet size according to the controller's instructions. Aerosol droplets with smaller particle sizes evaporate quickly and are suitable for rapid cooling; while droplets with larger particle sizes are suitable for maintaining long-term heat exchange;

[0061] (2) Intelligent injection frequency control: When the temperature of the hydrogen storage material is detected to rise or fall to a predetermined value, the controller controls the aerosol generator in a specific area to start spraying by analyzing the data of the thermistor and adjusts the cooling or heating intensity.

[0062] For example, in the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in this embodiment, one control process of the four-in-one switch (collective switch) may be as follows:

[0063] At the bottom of the hydrogen storage device, a four-in-one switch connects the four primary cooling medium chambers and the central secondary cooling medium chamber via five flow channels. A controller uses temperature sensors to determine whether the internal temperature has reached a set threshold. If the aerosol system fails to meet cooling or heating requirements, the four-in-one switch automatically opens the flow channels in the corresponding areas, creating an internal and external circulation system and improving heat transfer efficiency.

[0064] For example, one of the workflows of the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in this embodiment may be as follows:

[0065] Hydrogen charging process: In the initial state, the coolant in the water tank is not heated, and the central nozzle (#5P) sprays cooling aerosol into the central spherical space to remove the heat generated by the hydrogen storage material's hydrogen charging reaction. When the temperature exceeds 35°C, the controller turns on the aerosol generator in the corresponding area (such as #1P) to increase the local cooling intensity, while keeping the four-in-one switch closed to prevent excessive loss of coolant. If the hydrogen charging rate is relatively high and the temperature further rises to over 45°C, the four-in-one switch corresponding to the hydrogen storage area above 45°C is turned on, forming an internal and external circulation to enhance cooling efficiency.

[0066] Hydrogen release process: In the initial state, the controller controls the heating wire to heat the coolant in the water tank to 50°C. The central nozzle (#5P) sprays heated aerosol into the central spherical space to transfer the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction to the hydrogen storage material. When the temperature is detected to be lower than 15°C, the controller turns on the aerosol generator in the corresponding area (such as #1P) to enhance the local heat exchange efficiency, help increase the temperature of the hydrogen storage material, and promote hydrogen release. If the temperature continues to drop below 5°C, the controller turns on the four-in-one switch in the corresponding area, allowing internal and external circulation to increase heat exchange efficiency and ensure that the temperature returns to the normal range.

[0067] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage device includes a shell and a hydrogen storage container arranged inside the shell; wherein, There are a plurality of first cooling medium cavities between the shell and the hydrogen storage container; At least one first cooling medium release device is provided on the inner wall of each first cooling medium cavity; The interior of the hydrogen storage container is longitudinally divided into a plurality of hydrogen storage areas, wherein solid hydrogen storage materials are arranged in the hydrogen storage areas; The first cooling medium cavity is arranged corresponding to the hydrogen storage area; A second cooling medium cavity is also provided at the center of the hydrogen storage container; The outer wall of the second cooling medium cavity is in contact with each of the hydrogen storage areas; At least one second cooling medium releasing device is provided on the top of the second cooling medium cavity; A collective switch is provided at the bottom of the housing, and the collective switch is used to control the communication between each of the first cooling medium cavities and the second cooling medium cavities; The first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device are both aerosol generators, used to release aerosol into the first cooling medium cavity and / or the second cooling medium cavity; The solid-state hydrogen storage device also includes a cooling medium storage container; The cooling medium storage container is arranged above the shell; The cooling medium storage container is in communication with each of the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device, and is used to provide cooling medium or cooling medium precursor to each of the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device; The cooling medium storage container is provided with a heating device; A plurality of temperature sensors are provided on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage container, and the temperature sensors are used to detect the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container; wherein, At least one temperature sensor is correspondingly provided in each hydrogen storage area; The solid-state hydrogen storage device further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the first cooling medium release device, the second cooling medium release device, the heating device, the collective switch, and the temperature sensor respectively.

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is capable of obtaining the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container detected by the temperature sensor, and controlling the heating device, the first cooling medium releasing device, the second cooling medium releasing device or the collective switch to turn on or off when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher or lower than a preset temperature.

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen release state, the controller controls the heating device to turn on, heats the cooling medium or cooling medium precursor in the cooling medium storage container to a first preset temperature, and controls the second cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is lower than a second preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is lower than a third preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch to turn on, so that the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity are connected; And / or, when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen-charged state, the controller controls the heating device to turn off and controls the second cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a fourth preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a fifth preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch to turn on so that the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity are connected.

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, wherein the controller is capable of adjusting the droplet size and / or injection frequency of the aerosol when controlling the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium.

Images