A mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, operating method, and hydrogen leakage solution

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of hydrogen safety technology and provides a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, an operating method, and a solution to hydrogen leakage. The mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower includes a hydrogen energy storage system comprising an electrolyzer, a fuel cell, a metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and a heat exchange fluid system. The electrolyzer electrolyzes water to generate hydrogen that flows into the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and the heat exchange fluid system absorbs the heat generated by the metal hydride hydrogen storage device. The heat exchange fluid system releases heat to the metal hydride hydrogen storage device to cause the metal hydride to release hydrogen. The heat exchange fluid flows into a buffer tank and returns to the heat exchange fluid bath. The hydrogen released by the metal hydride hydrogen storage device flows into the fuel cell to generate electricity. The electrolyzer, fuel cell, heat exchange fluid bath, and buffer tank are arranged at the bottom of the tower body. The heat exchange fluid pipeline is arranged in the upper part of the tower body. The mechanical ventilation device is arranged below the heat exchange fluid pipeline. Multiple layers of staggered metal hydride hydrogen storage devices are arranged between the mechanical ventilation device and the electrolyzer / fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of hydrogen safety technology, and in particular relates to a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, an operating method, and a solution to hydrogen leakage. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In existing technologies, hydrogen storage mainly relies on high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, and solid-state hydrogen storage materials. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage has a high hydrogen storage pressure and a potential explosion risk; liquid hydrogen storage requires extremely low temperature conditions and requires continuous consumption of a large amount of energy to maintain low temperatures, which is uneconomical. Solid-state hydrogen storage materials, especially metal hydrides, have the advantages of low hydrogen storage pressure, high volumetric hydrogen storage density, and good hydrogen storage safety, and are an important development direction for future hydrogen storage technology. In addition, the storage and release of hydrogen by metal hydrides are accompanied by a strong thermal effect, manifested as heat release during storage and heat absorption during release, which provides the possibility for active control of hydrogen leakage rate.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to develop a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage device based on metal hydride hydrogen storage and its hydrogen leakage countermeasures. The hydrogen storage device can control the hydrogen concentration in the tower through mechanical ventilation, eliminate leaked hydrogen in time, and ensure the safety of the hydrogen energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one technical problem existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, an operating method and a hydrogen leakage solution, which can control the hydrogen concentration in the tower through mechanical ventilation, eliminate leaked hydrogen in time, and ensure the safety of the hydrogen energy storage system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower.

[0008] A mechanical ventilation hydrogen storage tower, comprising a tower body, a mechanical ventilation device and a hydrogen energy storage system;

[0009] The hydrogen energy storage system includes an electrolyzer, a fuel cell, a metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and a heat exchange fluid system; the heat exchange fluid system includes a heat exchange fluid pipeline connected to a heat exchange fluid bath and a buffer tank; the electrolyzer electrolyzes water to generate hydrogen, which flows into the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and the heat exchange fluid system absorbs the heat generated by the metal hydride hydrogen storage device; the heat exchange fluid system releases heat to the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, causing the metal hydride to release hydrogen, and the heat exchange fluid flows into the buffer tank and returns to the heat exchange fluid bath. The hydrogen released by the metal hydride hydrogen storage device flows into the fuel cell to generate electricity;

[0010] The electrolyzer, fuel cell, heat exchange fluid bath and buffer tank are arranged at the bottom of the tower body; the heat exchange fluid pipeline is arranged in the upper part of the tower body; the mechanical ventilation device is arranged below the heat exchange fluid pipeline; and a multi-layer staggered metal hydride hydrogen storage device is arranged between the mechanical ventilation device and the electrolyzer / fuel cell.

[0011] As an embodiment, the tower body is arranged vertically, the air inlet is arranged on the side of the bottom end of the tower body, and the air outlet is arranged at the top end of the tower body.

[0012] As an embodiment, the tower body is cylindrical.

[0013] As an embodiment, the heat fluid pipeline includes a first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline, a first heat exchange fluid descending pipeline, a second heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline and a second heat exchange fluid descending pipeline, the first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline is connected to the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and the first heat exchange fluid descending pipeline is connected to the buffer tank; the second heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline is connected to the buffer tank, and the second heat exchange fluid descending pipeline is connected to the heat exchange fluid bath.

[0014] As an embodiment, a hydrogen sensor is provided on the outside of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is used to control the rotation speed of the mechanical ventilation device according to the hydrogen content monitored by the hydrogen sensor.

[0015] As an embodiment, the metal hydride hydrogen storage device is filled with metal hydride solid hydrogen storage material.

[0016] As an embodiment, the metal hydride solid hydrogen storage material includes one or a combination of LaNi5, Mg, Mg2Ni, and FeTi.

[0017] As an embodiment, the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange fluid pipeline is one or a combination of water, heat transfer oil and air.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for operating a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower.

[0019] A method for operating a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, comprising:

[0020] During the hydrogen storage process, the electrolyzer electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen, which then flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device. The low-temperature fluid flows out of the heat exchange fluid bath, flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device to absorb heat, then flows into the buffer tank, and is pre-cooled by the air flow in the tower in the heat exchange pipeline at the top of the tower body before returning to the heat exchange fluid bath.

[0021] During the hydrogen release process, each hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen into the fuel cell, generating electricity through electrochemical reactions; the high-temperature fluid flows out of the heat exchange fluid bath, flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device to release heat, flows into the buffer tank, and then returns to the heat exchange fluid bath.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides a solution to hydrogen leakage in a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower.

[0023] A solution to hydrogen leakage in a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, comprising:

[0024] When there is no hydrogen leakage, the mechanical ventilation device is controlled to maintain low speed operation, and air flows in from the bottom of the tower body and out from the top to maintain air mobility in the tower body, so that the hydrogen concentration is lower than the explosion limit;

[0025] When hydrogen leaks, the fluid in the heat exchange fluid bath is controlled to switch to a low-temperature fluid and pass it into the metal hydride hydrogen storage device where the hydrogen is leaking, so as to cool the metal hydride and reduce the hydrogen leakage rate; the speed of the mechanical ventilation device in the tower is controlled to increase so that the air flow rate in the tower body is greater than the blow-off limit of the hydrogen jet, and the leaked hydrogen flows out from the top of the tower body with the air flow and diffuses rapidly to prevent deflagration or explosion.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] (1) The hydrogen storage device of the hydrogen storage tower proposed in the present invention uses metal hydride to store hydrogen, which greatly reduces the hydrogen storage pressure. During the hydrogen storage / dehydrogenation process, a heat exchange tube bundle is used to cool / heat the metal hydride, thereby ensuring the hydrogen storage / dehydrogenation rate of the hydrogen storage device and effectively improving the safety of the hydrogen storage device.

[0028] (2) The hydrogen storage tower proposed in the present invention integrates the hydrogen energy storage system into the three-dimensional space inside the tower and controls the hydrogen concentration in the tower through mechanical ventilation, effectively reducing the system footprint and improving system safety.

[0029] (3) In the hydrogen energy storage system of the hydrogen storage tower proposed in the present invention, during the hydrogen storage process, the cold fluid in the low-temperature heat exchange fluid bath is passed into the hydrogen storage device to absorb heat, and flows into the heat exchange fluid cooling circuit through the buffer tank, and is pre-cooled by a mechanical ventilation device, effectively reducing the energy consumption of the heat exchange fluid circulation.

[0030] (4) The hydrogen leakage countermeasure of the hydrogen storage tower proposed by the present invention cools the metal hydride by means of a low-temperature heat exchange fluid during the hydrogen leakage process, thereby effectively reducing the hydrogen leakage rate and the energy consumption of the ventilation system.

[0031] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0033] FIG1 is a three-view diagram and an overall structural diagram of the mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower of the present invention.

[0034] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of the mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mechanical ventilation hydrogen storage tower of the present invention.

[0036] FIG4 is a three-view diagram and an overall structural diagram of the hydrogen storage device in the mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage device in the mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower of the present invention.

[0038] in:

[0039] 1-outer shell, 2-heat exchange fluid pipeline, 3-mechanical ventilation device, 4-metal hydride hydrogen storage device frame, 5-heat exchange fluid bath, 6-first buffer tank, 7-second buffer tank, 8-electrolyzer and fuel cell, 9-hydrogen pipeline, 10-third buffer tank, 11-metal hydride hydrogen storage device, 12-second heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline, 13-first heat exchange fluid descending pipeline, 14-heat exchange fluid intermediate outlet, 15-first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline, 16-second heat exchange fluid descending pipeline, 17-heat exchange fluid total inlet, 18-heat exchange fluid total outlet, 19-hydrogen inlet / outlet, 20-heat exchange fluid inlet header, 21-heat exchange tube bundle, 22-metal hydride solid hydrogen storage material, 23-heat exchange fluid outlet header. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Figure 1- Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a mechanical ventilation hydrogen storage tower, including a tower body, a mechanical ventilation device 3 and a hydrogen energy storage system;

[0045] The hydrogen energy storage system includes an electrolyzer, a fuel cell, a metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and a heat exchange fluid system; wherein the electrolyzer and the fuel cell are represented by reference numeral 8; the heat exchange fluid system includes a heat exchange fluid pipeline 2 connected to a heat exchange fluid bath and a buffer tank; the electrolyzer electrolyzes water to generate hydrogen which flows through a hydrogen pipeline 9 into a metal hydride hydrogen storage device 11, and the heat exchange fluid system absorbs heat generated by the metal hydride hydrogen storage device 11; the heat exchange fluid system releases heat to the metal hydride hydrogen storage device 11 to cause the metal hydride to release hydrogen, the heat exchange fluid flows into the buffer tank and returns to the heat exchange fluid bath 5, and the hydrogen released by the metal hydride hydrogen storage device 11 flows into the fuel cell to generate electricity;

[0046] The electrolyzer, fuel cell, heat exchange fluid bath and buffer tank are arranged at the bottom of the tower body; the heat exchange fluid pipeline is arranged in the upper part of the tower body; the mechanical ventilation device is arranged below the heat exchange fluid pipeline; and a multi-layer staggered metal hydride hydrogen storage device is arranged between the mechanical ventilation device and the electrolyzer / fuel cell.

[0047] In this embodiment, the metal hydride hydrogen storage device 11 is fixed on the metal hydride hydrogen storage device frame 4 .

[0048] This embodiment increases the number of metal hydride hydrogen storage devices by arranging the metal hydride hydrogen storage devices in multiple layers, while reducing the footprint of the hydrogen storage tower; and by staggering the metal hydride hydrogen storage devices, it helps to increase the gas flow rate near the hydrogen storage devices.

[0049] In this embodiment, the tower body is vertically arranged, the air inlet is arranged on the side of the bottom end of the tower body, and the air outlet is arranged at the top end of the tower body. The tower body is cylindrical and further includes an outer shell 1.

[0050] In a specific implementation, the thermal fluid circuit includes a first heat exchange fluid ascending circuit 15, a first heat exchange fluid descending circuit 13, a second heat exchange fluid ascending circuit 12, and a second heat exchange fluid descending circuit 16. The first heat exchange fluid ascending circuit 15 is connected to the metal hydride hydrogen storage device 11, and the first heat exchange fluid descending circuit 13 is connected to the buffer tank. The second heat exchange fluid ascending circuit 12 is connected to the buffer tank, and the second heat exchange fluid descending circuit 16 is connected to the heat exchange fluid bath 5. Multiple buffer tanks can be provided in the thermal fluid circuit, for example, three, namely the first buffer tank 6, the second buffer tank 7, and the third buffer tank 10 shown in FIG2(d).

[0051] The heat exchange fluid main inlet 17 is connected to one end of the first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline 15, and the other end of the first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline 15 is connected to the heat exchange fluid intermediate outlet. A heat exchange fluid main outlet 18 and a hydrogen inlet / outlet 19 are provided at both ends of the outer shell 1. The heat exchange fluid main inlet 17 is connected to the heat exchange fluid inlet header 20; the heat exchange fluid main outlet 18 is connected to the heat exchange fluid outlet header 12.

[0052] The metal hydride hydrogen storage device of this embodiment is a hydrogen storage reactor with an optimized heat exchange structure, which is filled with a metal hydride solid hydrogen storage material 22. The metal hydride solid hydrogen storage material 22 includes, but is not limited to, one or a combination of LaNi5, Mg, Mg2Ni, FeTi, etc.

[0053] Preferably, a heat exchange tube bundle is used to optimize the heat transfer performance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device.

[0054] The heat exchange tube bundle 21 and the reactor wall of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device 11 are made of high thermal conductivity metal, such as aluminum, copper, aluminum alloy or copper alloy, which can increase the heat exchange rate between the heat exchange fluid and the metal hydride.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, a hydrogen sensor is provided on the outside of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is used to control the rotation speed of the mechanical ventilation device according to the hydrogen content monitored by the hydrogen sensor.

[0056] In a specific implementation process, the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange fluid pipeline is one or a combination of water, heat transfer oil and air.

[0057] The present invention uses metal hydride to store hydrogen, which greatly reduces the hydrogen storage pressure. During the hydrogen storage / dehydrogenation process, a heat exchange tube bundle is used to cool / heat the metal hydride, thereby ensuring the hydrogen storage / dehydrogenation rate of the hydrogen storage device and effectively improving the safety of the hydrogen storage device.

[0058] The hydrogen storage tower proposed in the present invention integrates the hydrogen energy storage system into the three-dimensional space inside the tower and controls the hydrogen concentration in the tower through mechanical ventilation, effectively reducing the system footprint and improving system safety.

[0059] Compared with existing mechanically ventilated high-pressure hydrogen storage devices, the present invention integrates the hydrogen energy system into the hydrogen storage tower, taking into account the possibility of hydrogen leakage at the electrolyzer and fuel cell; the present invention is designed for the heat exchange fluid circulation of the hydrogen storage device, using the gas flow in the tower to pre-cool the heat exchange fluid and reduce energy consumption.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment provides an operating method of a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, comprising:

[0062] During the hydrogen storage process, the electrolyzer electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen, which then flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device. The low-temperature fluid flows out of the heat exchange fluid bath, flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device to absorb heat, then flows into the buffer tank, and is pre-cooled by the air flow in the tower in the heat exchange pipeline at the top of the tower body before returning to the heat exchange fluid bath.

[0063] During the hydrogen release process, each hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen into the fuel cell, generating electricity through electrochemical reactions; the high-temperature fluid flows out of the heat exchange fluid bath, flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device to release heat, flows into the buffer tank, and then returns to the heat exchange fluid bath.

[0064] Specifically, during the hydrogen storage process, the electrolyzer electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen, which flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device through the hydrogen pipeline; the low-temperature fluid flows out of the heat exchange fluid bath, flows into each hydrogen storage device through the first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline to absorb heat, flows into the buffer tank through the first heat exchange fluid descending pipeline, and flows into the cooling pipeline through the second heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline. After being pre-cooled by the air flow in the tower, it returns to the heat exchange fluid bath through the second heat exchange fluid descending pipeline.

[0065] During the hydrogen release process, each metal hydride hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen that flows into the fuel cell through the hydrogen pipeline, generating electricity through electrochemical reactions; the high-temperature fluid flows out of the heat exchange fluid bath, flows into each hydrogen storage device through the first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline to release heat, then flows into the buffer tank through the first heat exchange fluid descending pipeline, and then returns to the heat exchange fluid bath.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] This embodiment provides a solution to hydrogen leakage in a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, including:

[0068] When there is no hydrogen leakage, the mechanical ventilation device is controlled to maintain low speed operation, and air flows in from the bottom end of the tower body and out from the top end, so as to maintain the air flow in the tower body and make the hydrogen concentration below the explosion limit (for example, the explosion limit of hydrogen is 4.0% to 75.6% by volume);

[0069] When hydrogen leaks, the fluid in the heat exchange fluid bath is controlled to switch to a low-temperature fluid and pass it into the metal hydride hydrogen storage device where the hydrogen is leaking, so as to cool the metal hydride and reduce the hydrogen leakage rate; the speed of the mechanical ventilation device in the tower is controlled to increase so that the air flow rate in the tower body is greater than the blow-off limit of the hydrogen jet, and the leaked hydrogen flows out from the top of the tower body with the air flow and diffuses rapidly to prevent deflagration or explosion.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, the rotation speed of the mechanical ventilation device and the switching of the fluid in the fluid bath can be achieved by controlling the controller.

[0071] The blowout limit is the minimum combustible mixture velocity at which stable combustion is disrupted. The present invention aims to prevent combustion or explosion by using mechanical ventilation and heat exchange fluid cooling to reduce the gas velocity at the hydrogen leak site to a value greater than the blowout limit.

[0072] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower, characterized in that: in, A mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower comprises a tower body, a mechanical ventilation device and a hydrogen energy storage system; the hydrogen energy storage system comprises an electrolyzer, a fuel cell, a metal hydride hydrogen storage device and a heat exchange fluid system; the heat exchange fluid system comprises a heat exchange fluid pipeline connected to a heat exchange fluid bath and a buffer tank; the electrolyzer electrolyzes water to generate hydrogen which flows into the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and the heat exchange fluid system is used to absorb the heat generated by the metal hydride hydrogen storage device; the heat exchange fluid system is used to release heat to the metal hydride hydrogen storage device to cause the metal hydride to release hydrogen, the heat exchange fluid flows into the buffer tank and returns to the heat exchange fluid bath, and the hydrogen released by the metal hydride hydrogen storage device flows into the fuel cell to generate electricity; the electrolyzer, fuel cell, heat exchange fluid bath and buffer tank are arranged at the bottom of the tower body; the heat exchange fluid pipeline is arranged in the upper part of the tower body; the mechanical ventilation device is arranged below the heat exchange fluid pipeline; multiple layers of staggered metal hydride hydrogen storage devices are arranged between the mechanical ventilation device and the electrolyzer / fuel cell; The tower body is arranged vertically, the air inlet is arranged on the side of the bottom end of the tower body, and the air outlet is arranged at the top of the tower body; the hot fluid pipeline includes a first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline, a first heat exchange fluid descending pipeline, a second heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline and a second heat exchange fluid descending pipeline, the first heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline is connected to the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and the first heat exchange fluid descending pipeline is connected to the buffer tank; the second heat exchange fluid ascending pipeline is connected to the buffer tank, and the second heat exchange fluid descending pipeline is connected to the heat exchange fluid bath; a hydrogen sensor is provided on the outside of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is used to control the speed of the mechanical ventilation device according to the hydrogen content monitored by the hydrogen sensor; The operating method of the mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower comprises: During the hydrogen storage process, the electrolyzer electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen, which flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device; The low-temperature fluid flows out of the heat exchange fluid bath, flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device to absorb heat, then flows into the buffer tank, and is pre-cooled by the air flow in the tower in the heat exchange pipeline on the upper part of the tower body before returning to the heat exchange fluid bath; During the hydrogen release process, each hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen into the fuel cell, generating electricity through electrochemical reactions; the high-temperature fluid flows out of the heat exchange fluid bath, flows into each metal hydride hydrogen storage device to release heat, flows into the buffer tank, and then returns to the heat exchange fluid bath; When there is no hydrogen leakage, the mechanical ventilation device is controlled to maintain low speed operation, and air flows in from the bottom of the tower body and out from the top to maintain air mobility in the tower body, so that the hydrogen concentration is lower than the explosion limit; When hydrogen leaks, the fluid in the heat exchange fluid bath is controlled to switch to a low-temperature fluid and pass it into the metal hydride hydrogen storage device where the hydrogen is leaking, so as to cool the metal hydride and reduce the hydrogen leakage rate; the speed of the mechanical ventilation device in the tower is controlled to increase so that the air flow rate in the tower body is greater than the blow-off limit of the hydrogen jet, and the leaked hydrogen flows out from the top of the tower body with the air flow and diffuses rapidly to prevent deflagration or explosion.

2. The method for operating a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower according to claim 1, wherein: The tower body is cylindrical.

3. The method for operating a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower according to claim 1, wherein: The metal hydride hydrogen storage device is filled with metal hydride solid hydrogen storage material.

4. The method for operating a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower according to claim 3, wherein: The metal hydride solid hydrogen storage material includes one or a combination of LaNi5, Mg, Mg2Ni, and FeTi.

5. The method for operating a mechanically ventilated hydrogen storage tower according to claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange fluid pipeline is one or a combination of water, heat transfer oil and air.

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