Photovoltaic support settlement observation device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a photovoltaic support settlement observation device and method, which relate to the field of measurement technology, wherein the observation device comprises a base plate, a calibration component, a tilt guide mechanism and a monitoring component, the base plate is installed on the ground, the bottom of the support body is embedded under the ground, and the support body passes through the surface of the base plate, a plug-in sleeve is welded on the surface of the base plate, the bottom of the calibration component is embedded in the inside of the plug-in sleeve, and a driving mechanism is also welded on the surface of the base plate. The present invention can obtain the actual settlement data at the center point of the support body through two sets of distance data obtained by two monitoring components, which can reduce the problem of errors in the settlement data caused by the tilt problem of the support body at the same time, and at the same time, the tilt angle and azimuth can be monitored with the data collected by the two monitoring components, and the effect of verification and elimination of interference from debris is provided, which reduces the difficulty of manual maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device and method. Background Art

[0002] After the photovoltaic bracket has been installed for a long time, it will produce settlement. Settlement will cause the angle of the photovoltaic panel to change, which will affect the power generation. In addition, settlement will cause the photovoltaic panel to be unevenly stressed and easily damaged. When the settlement is serious, the photovoltaic panel may be damaged, or even cause the generator set to become unstable, affecting the stability of the entire power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the settlement of the photovoltaic panel and conduct regular inspections and maintenance based on the results of the observations to detect and deal with problems in a timely manner. Minor problems can be solved by local reinforcement or replacement of damaged parts.

[0003] The settlement observation scheme applied to photovoltaic brackets in the prior art generally directly measures the settlement distance and tilt angle of the photovoltaic bracket through a level and a measuring ruler, but this scheme requires frequent manual measurement and the operation steps are cumbersome. Although the settlement and tilt information of the current bracket can be obtained in real time through intelligent distance measurement modules and structures such as spirit levels, the measurement points are also on the surface of the bracket because they are installed by relying on the bracket. Therefore, the settlement data measured after the thicker bracket is tilted will be interfered by the tilt direction, reducing the accuracy of the data. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic bracket settlement observation device and method to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. The present invention can obtain the actual settlement data at the center point of the bracket body through two sets of distance data obtained by two monitoring components, which can reduce the problem of errors in the settlement data caused by the tilt problem of the bracket body at the same time. At the same time, the data collected by the two monitoring components can also monitor the tilt angle and orientation, and provide the effect of verification and elimination of interference from debris.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a photovoltaic bracket settlement observation device, comprising an observation device body and a bracket body, the observation device body comprising a base plate, a calibration component, a tilting guide mechanism and a monitoring component, the base plate is installed on the ground, the bottom of the bracket body is embedded under the ground, and the bracket body passes through the surface of the base plate, a plug-in sleeve is welded on the surface of the base plate, the bottom of the calibration component is embedded in the inside of the plug-in sleeve, a driving mechanism is also welded on the surface of the base plate, the inside of the driving mechanism is connected to the surface of the calibration component through a toothed belt for transmission, an anchor rod is integrally formed at the bottom of the bracket body, a splint is also welded on the surface of the bracket body, a tilting guide mechanism is sleeved on the inner side of the splint, monitoring components are installed at the bottom ends of both sides of the tilting guide mechanism, and a first ranging module is connected to the inside of the monitoring component, each of the first ranging modules always maintains a vertical downward state, and a gap is set between the side of the bracket body and the base plate and the calibration component.

[0006] Furthermore, the calibration assembly includes a supporting sleeve and a monitoring tray, wherein the monitoring tray is integrally formed on the top of the supporting sleeve, a groove is provided on the surface of the supporting sleeve, an inner key of the groove is connected to a driven gear, and a first reflector is mounted on the surface of the monitoring tray.

[0007] Furthermore, a support rod is welded to the top of the inner ring of the monitoring tray, a second ranging module is screwed to the top of the support rod, a second reflective sheet is mounted on the surface of the bracket body, the second ranging module horizontally irradiates the surface of the second reflective sheet to obtain distance data, a first ball is embedded in the inner bottom end of the plug-in sleeve, and the bottom of the support sleeve is pressed against the surface of the first ball.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a motor and a turntable, a power box is welded on the surface of the base plate, the motor is screwed inside the power box, a driving shaft is inserted into the output end of the motor, a driving gear is keyed on the surface of the driving shaft, and the driving gear is meshed with a toothed belt.

[0009] Furthermore, a turntable is inserted at the top end of the driving shaft, a notch is opened at the side of the turntable, and a sponge brush is attached to the bottom of the turntable, and the sponge brush is used to press on the surface of the monitoring tray.

[0010] Furthermore, the tilting guide mechanism includes a rotating collar, a sinking bracket and a lifting bracket. The sinking bracket and the lifting bracket are respectively welded to two sides of the rotating collar, and a weight block is attached to the top of the end of the sinking bracket.

[0011] Furthermore, second balls are embedded in the top and bottom of the rotating collar, and the rotating collar rests against the inner wall of the clamping plate through the second balls, and the monitoring components are respectively fixed at the middle positions of the sinking bracket and the lifting bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring assembly includes a conical cover, a first ranging module and a swing shaft, the top of the conical cover is integrally formed with a connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve is welded to the surface of the sinking bracket or the lifting bracket, and the interior of the connecting sleeve is threaded with a movable connecting column.

[0013] Furthermore, a universal ball is embedded in the bottom of the movable connecting column, a swing shaft is inserted in the bottom of the universal ball, the first ranging module is screwed to the end of the swing shaft, and each first ranging module is vertically irradiated toward the surface of the first reflector to collect distance data.

[0014] An observation method using the above observation device comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Install the observation device around the bracket body for construction;

[0016] Step 2: Obtain the distance information between the top two sets of monitoring components and the calibration components below in real time;

[0017] Step 3: synchronously adjusting the orientation angle of the monitoring component through the tilt guide mechanism;

[0018] Step 4: Calculate the difference between the distance data obtained by the two monitoring components to determine whether tilt occurs. If tilt occurs, determine the roll direction according to the direction of the sinking bracket;

[0019] Step 5: Calculate the mean of the distance data obtained by the two monitoring components to obtain the settlement data at the central axis of the bracket body;

[0020] Step 6: After the tilt occurs, the tilt state is verified by the calibration component.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1. The photovoltaic bracket settlement observation method can obtain the actual settlement data at the center point of the bracket body through two sets of distance data obtained by two monitoring components, which can reduce the problem of errors in settlement data caused by the tilt problem of the bracket body at the same time. At the same time, the tilt angle and direction can also be monitored with the help of the data collected by the two monitoring components.

[0023] 2. The photovoltaic bracket settlement observation device uses a tilting guide mechanism to support the bracket parts on both sides, and the weights of the two brackets are different. Therefore, by using the weight difference, the two monitoring components can be automatically controlled to obtain the distance data from the lowest point and the highest point respectively with the calibration component that always remains stable below after the bracket body is tilted, and accurate settlement, tilt direction, and tilt angle data information can be obtained based on the distance data.

[0024] 3. The photovoltaic support settlement observation device is provided with a calibration component at the bottom, and the calibration component is controlled to rotate by a driving mechanism. With the help of the rotation effect, the result of the tilt monitoring can be verified to a certain extent, providing a verification function. At the same time, the surface of the monitoring tray can also be cleaned, achieving the effect of eliminating interference from debris. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a photovoltaic support settlement observation device after installation according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the calibration component and the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 The figure is a disassembled diagram of the calibration component part of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A top view of the calibration assembly and the gear structure of the drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the main body of the stent of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tilting guide mechanism part of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a disassembled diagram of the monitoring component part of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 A flow chart of a photovoltaic support settlement observation method according to the present invention;

[0033] In the figure: 1. bracket body; 2. bottom plate; 3. calibration component; 4. driving mechanism; 5. tilting guide mechanism; 6. monitoring component; 7. power box; 8. turntable; 9. notch; 10. sponge brush; 11. toothed belt; 12. supporting sleeve; 13. groove; 14. driven gear; 15. monitoring tray; 16. first reflector; 17. supporting rod; 18. second distance measuring module; 19. plug-in sleeve; 20. first ball; 21. motor; 22. driving shaft; 23. driving gear; 24. splint; 25. second reflector; 26. anchor rod; 27. rotating collar; 28. second ball; 29. ​​sinking bracket; 30. lifting bracket; 31. weight block; 32. connecting sleeve; 33. conical cover; 34. movable connecting column; 35. first distance measuring module; 36. swing shaft; 37. universal ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic support settlement observation device, comprising an observation device body and a support body 1, the observation device body comprising a bottom plate 2, a calibration component 3, a tilting guide mechanism 5 and a monitoring component 6, the bottom plate 2 is installed on the ground, the bottom of the support body 1 is embedded under the ground, and the support body 1 passes through the surface of the bottom plate 2, the surface of the bottom plate 2 is welded with a plug-in sleeve 19, the bottom of the calibration component 3 is embedded in the inside of the plug-in sleeve 19, the surface of the bottom plate 2 is also welded with a driving mechanism 4, the inside of the driving mechanism 4 is connected to the surface of the calibration component 3 through a toothed belt 11 for transmission, the bottom of the support body 1 is integrally formed with an anchor rod 26, the surface of the support body 1 is also welded with a clamping plate 24, the inner side of the clamping plate 24 is sleeved with a tilting guide mechanism 5, the bottom ends of both sides of the tilting guide mechanism 5 are installed with monitoring components 6, and the inside of the monitoring component 6 is connected with a first ranging module 35, each of the first ranging modules 35 always maintains a vertical downward state, and a gap is set between the side of the support body 1 and the bottom plate 2 and the calibration component 3. The observation device is used to monitor the settlement state, tilt angle and tilt orientation of the photovoltaic support body 1.

[0036] When the present invention is used, the distance information between the calibration component 3 below is obtained in real time through the two groups of monitoring components 6 at the top. The laser ranging module is used for distance collection in the monitoring component 6. The two groups of monitoring components 6 are irradiated toward the position of the first reflector 16 at the bottom, so as to obtain the height distance data between each first ranging module 35 and the first reflector 16 at the bottom; the orientation angle of the monitoring component 6 is synchronously regulated by the tilting guide mechanism 5. When the bracket body 1 tilts, it will cause the sinking bracket 29 to rotate toward the tilted side, and at the same time, it will cause the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30 to sink and tilt respectively; the difference in distance data obtained by the two monitoring components 6 is calculated to determine whether tilt occurs, and the current tilt degree of the bracket body 1 is determined, and The tilt direction of the bracket body 1 is determined by the pointing position of the sinking bracket 29; the mean of the distance data obtained by the two monitoring components 6 is calculated to obtain the settlement data at the central axis of the bracket body 1, and the height data obtained by the first ranging module 35 inside the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30 are calculated as the average, and then compared with the initial data obtained during installation to determine whether settlement has occurred and the specific settlement data; after the tilt occurs, the tilt state is verified by the calibration component 3. In this process, the second ranging module 18 is used to monitor the distance to the second reflective sheet 25 on the surface of the bracket body 1 to obtain the position of the nearest point, and the direction of this position is compared with the direction of the sinking bracket 29 to determine whether the direction of the tilt guide mechanism 5 and the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30 are accurate.

[0037] In this embodiment, the calibration component 3 includes a support sleeve 12 and a monitoring tray 15. The monitoring tray 15 is integrally formed at the top of the support sleeve 12. A groove 13 is provided on the surface of the support sleeve 12. A driven gear 14 is keyed to the inner side of the groove 13. A first reflector 16 is mounted on the surface of the monitoring tray 15. A support rod 17 is welded to the top of the inner ring of the monitoring tray 15. A second distance measuring module 18 is screwed to the top of the support rod 17. A second reflector 25 is mounted on the surface of the bracket body 1. The second distance measuring module 18 horizontally irradiates the surface of the second reflector 25 to obtain distance data. A first ball 20 is embedded in the inner bottom end of the plug-in sleeve 19. The bottom of the support sleeve 12 presses on the surface of the first ball 20.

[0038] Specifically, the bottom of the support sleeve 12 is supported by the first ball 20, so the support sleeve 12 can be controlled to rotate by the driving mechanism 4, thereby driving the monitoring tray 15 and the support rod 17 and the second ranging module 18 on the top to rotate. The second ranging module 18 is always irradiated toward the surface of the second reflector 25 on the bracket body 1 to collect the distance data between the two. Therefore, when the bracket body 1 is not tilted, as the support sleeve 12 rotates, the data measured by the second ranging module 18 is always fixed. When the bracket body 1 is tilted, the data collected by the second ranging module 18 will change, and when the distance is from the lowest point, the position of the second ranging module 18 is the tilt direction of the bracket body 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 4 includes a motor 21 and a turntable 8. A power box 7 is welded to the surface of the bottom plate 2. The motor 21 is screwed inside the power box 7. A driving shaft 22 is inserted at the output end of the motor 21. A driving gear 23 is keyed to the surface of the driving shaft 22. The driving gear 23 meshes with the toothed belt 11. A turntable 8 is inserted at the top of the driving shaft 22. A notch 9 is provided on the side of the turntable 8. A sponge brush 10 is attached to the bottom of the turntable 8. The sponge brush 10 is used to press on the surface of the monitoring tray 15. A calibration component 3 is provided at the bottom, and the calibration component 3 is controlled to rotate by the driving mechanism 4. With the help of the rotation effect, the result of the tilt monitoring can be verified to a certain extent, providing a verification function. At the same time, the surface of the monitoring tray 15 can also be cleaned, achieving the effect of eliminating interference from debris.

[0040] Specifically, after starting the motor 21, the motor 21 drives the driving shaft 22 and the top turntable 8 to rotate, and also drives the monitoring tray 15 to rotate with the help of the driving gear 23, the toothed belt 11 and the driven gear 14. Therefore, the turntable 8 can wipe the sponge brush 10 at the bottom along the surface of the monitoring tray 15, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the debris and dust on the surface of the first reflective sheet 16, and prevent the fallen garbage and debris from interfering with the subsequent monitoring results of the first ranging module 35.

[0041] In this embodiment, the tilt guide mechanism 5 includes a rotating collar 27, a sinking bracket 29 and a lifting bracket 30. The sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30 are respectively welded to the two sides of the rotating collar 27, and a weight block 31 is attached to the top of the end of the sinking bracket 29. The top and bottom of the rotating collar 27 are both embedded with second balls 28, and the rotating collar 27 is pressed against the inner wall of the clamping plate 24 through the second balls 28. The monitoring assembly 6 is respectively fixed to the middle position of the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30.

[0042] Specifically, due to the setting of the weight-increasing block 31, there is a difference in weight between the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30. Therefore, once the bracket body 1 is tilted, the sinking bracket 29 will rotate toward the tilted direction, ensuring that the monitoring component 6 at the bottom of the sinking bracket 29 and the monitoring component 6 at the bottom of the lifting bracket 30 can respectively detect in the tilting direction and away from the tilting direction of the bracket body 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the monitoring component 6 includes a conical shield 33, a first distance measuring module 35 and a swing shaft 36. The top of the conical shield 33 is integrally formed with a connecting sleeve 32, which is welded to the surface of the sinking bracket 29 or the lifting bracket 30, and the inside of the connecting sleeve 32 is screwed with a movable connecting column 34. The bottom of the movable connecting column 34 is embedded with a universal ball 37, and the bottom of the universal ball 37 is inserted with a swing shaft 36. The first distance measuring module 35 is screwed to the end of the swing shaft 36, and each first distance measuring module 35 is vertically irradiated toward the surface of the first reflector 16 to collect distance data. The bracket parts on both sides are supported by the tilting guide mechanism 5, and the weights of the two brackets are different. Therefore, by means of the weight difference, the two monitoring components 6 can be automatically controlled to obtain the distance data between the calibration component 3 that always remains stable below from the lowest point and the highest point respectively after the bracket body 1 is tilted, and accurate data information on settlement, tilt azimuth, and tilt angle can be obtained based on the distance data.

[0044] Specifically, the distance data between the two second distance measuring modules 18 and the first reflective sheet 16 at the bottom is obtained at both sides of the bracket body 1, and the average value is obtained by adding and then dividing by two, so as to obtain the height data between the two first distance measuring modules 35 at the center point of the bracket body 1. Even if the bracket body 1 tilts later, the collected height data can always represent the center point area of ​​the bracket body 1. After the bracket body 1 tilts, the height data collected by the first distance measuring modules 35 on the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30 are different, and the current tilt angle of the bracket body 1 can be determined according to the height difference. During the measurement process, the first distance measuring module 35 can ensure that it always remains in a downward position through the universal ball 37 and the swing shaft 36 at the top.

[0045] This embodiment also provides an observation method using the above observation device, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Install the observation device around the bracket body 1 so that the bracket body 1 partially passes downward from the calibration component 3 and the surface of the bottom plate 2, so that the anchor rod 26 is buried under the ground;

[0047] Step 2: The distance information between the calibration component 3 and the top is obtained in real time through the two groups of monitoring components 6 at the top. The monitoring components 6 use laser ranging modules to collect distance. Both groups of monitoring components 6 are irradiated toward the position of the first reflector 16 at the bottom, thereby obtaining the height distance data between each first ranging module 35 and the bottom first reflector 16;

[0048] Step 3: The orientation angle of the monitoring assembly 6 is synchronously regulated by the tilting guide mechanism 5. When the bracket body 1 tilts, the sinking bracket 29 partially rotates toward the tilted side, and the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30 also sink and tilt respectively.

[0049] Step 4: Calculate the difference in distance data obtained by the two monitoring components 6 to determine whether tilt occurs. After tilt occurs, determine the roll direction according to the pointing direction of the sinking bracket 29. After tilt occurs, the distance data obtained by the first distance measuring module 35 in the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30 will be different. The difference can be used to determine the tilt degree of the current bracket body 1, and the tilt direction of the bracket body 1 can be determined by the pointing position of the sinking bracket 29.

[0050] Step 5: Calculate the mean of the distance data obtained by the two monitoring components 6 to obtain the settlement data at the central axis of the bracket body 1, calculate the average of the height data obtained by the first distance measuring module 35 inside the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30, and then compare it with the initial data obtained during installation to determine whether settlement has occurred and the specific settlement data;

[0051] Step six, after the tilt occurs, the tilt state is verified by the calibration component 3. In this process, the second ranging module 18 is used to monitor the distance to the second reflective sheet 25 on the surface of the bracket body 1, and the position of the nearest point is obtained. The direction of this position is compared with the direction of the sinking bracket 29, and it can be determined whether the direction of the tilt guide mechanism 5 and the sinking bracket 29 and the lifting bracket 30 are accurate.

[0052] The above method can obtain the actual settlement data at the center point of the bracket body 1 through two sets of distance data obtained by two monitoring components 6, which can reduce the problem of errors in the settlement data caused by the simultaneous tilt problem of the bracket body 1. At the same time, the data collected by the two monitoring components 6 can also monitor the tilt angle and direction.

[0053] The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention.

[0054] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic support settlement observation device, comprising an observation device body and a support body (1), characterized in that: The observation device body comprises a base plate (2), a calibration component (3), a tilt guide mechanism (5) and a monitoring component (6); the base plate (2) is installed on the ground; the bottom of the bracket body (1) is embedded in the ground, and the bracket body (1) passes through the surface of the base plate (2); a plug-in sleeve (19) is welded to the surface of the base plate (2); the bottom of the calibration component (3) is embedded in the inside of the plug-in sleeve (19); the surface of the base plate (2) is also welded to a driving mechanism (4); the inside of the driving mechanism (4) is connected to the surface of the calibration component (3) via a toothed belt (11). The bottom of the support body (1) is integrally formed with an anchor rod (26), a clamping plate (24) is welded to the surface of the support body (1), an inner sleeve of the clamping plate (24) is provided with an inclined guide mechanism (5), the bottom ends of both sides of the inclined guide mechanism (5) are installed with monitoring components (6), and the inside of the monitoring components (6) is connected with a first ranging module (35), each of the first ranging modules (35) is always kept in a vertical downward state, and a gap is provided between the side of the support body (1) and the bottom plate (2) and the calibration component (3), and the calibration component (3) is provided with a gap. The component (3) comprises a support sleeve (12) and a monitoring tray (15), wherein the monitoring tray (15) is integrally formed on the top of the support sleeve (12), a groove (13) is provided on the surface of the support sleeve (12), a driven gear (14) is keyed to the inner side of the groove (13), a first reflector (16) is mounted on the surface of the monitoring tray (15), a support rod (17) is welded to the top of the inner ring of the monitoring tray (15), a second distance measuring module (18) is screwed to the top of the support rod (17), and a second reflector (16) is mounted on the surface of the bracket body (1). 25), the second distance measuring module (18) is horizontally irradiated toward the surface of the second reflective sheet (25) to obtain distance data, a first ball (20) is embedded in the inner bottom end of the plug-in sleeve (19), the bottom of the support sleeve (12) is pressed against the surface of the first ball (20), and the tilting guide mechanism (5) comprises a rotating collar (27), a sinking bracket (29) and a lifting bracket (30), the sinking bracket (29) and the lifting bracket (30) are respectively welded to two sides of the rotating collar (27), and a weight block (31) is mounted on the top of the end of the sinking bracket (29).

2. A photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a motor (21) and a rotating disk (8); a power box (7) is welded to the surface of the bottom plate (2); the motor (21) is screwed into the inside of the power box (7); a driving shaft (22) is inserted into the output end of the motor (21); a driving gear (23) is keyed to the surface of the driving shaft (22); and the driving gear (23) is meshed with a toothed belt (11).

3. A photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A turntable (8) is inserted at the top end of the driving shaft (22), a notch (9) is provided on the side of the turntable (8), and a sponge brush (10) is attached to the bottom of the turntable (8), the sponge brush (10) being used to press on the surface of the monitoring tray (15).

4. A photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the rotating collar (27) are both embedded with second balls (28), and the rotating collar (27) is pressed against the inner wall of the clamping plate (24) through the second balls (28). The monitoring assembly (6) is respectively fixed at the middle position of the sinking bracket (29) and the lifting bracket (30).

5. A photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring assembly (6) comprises a conical shield (33), a first distance measuring module (35) and a swing shaft (36); a connecting sleeve (32) is integrally formed on the top of the conical shield (33); the connecting sleeve (32) is welded to the surface of a sinking bracket (29) or a lifting bracket (30); and a movable connecting column (34) is screwed inside the connecting sleeve (32).

6. A photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A universal ball (37) is embedded in the bottom of the movable connection column (34), a swing shaft (36) is inserted in the bottom of the universal ball (37), the first distance measuring modules (35) are screwed to the end of the swing shaft (36), and each first distance measuring module (35) is vertically irradiated toward the surface of the first reflective sheet (16) to collect distance data.

7. An observation method using the observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install the observation device around the bracket body for construction; Step 2: Obtain the distance information between the top two sets of monitoring components and the calibration components below in real time; Step 3: synchronously adjusting the orientation angle of the monitoring component through the tilt guide mechanism; Step 4: Calculate the difference between the distance data obtained by the two monitoring components to determine whether tilt occurs. If tilt occurs, determine the roll direction according to the direction of the sinking bracket; Step 5: Calculate the mean of the distance data obtained by the two monitoring components to obtain the settlement data at the central axis of the bracket body; Step 6: After the tilt occurs, the tilt state is verified by the calibration component.

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