A reaction arm for a tunnel prefabricated block torque detector and a torque detector having the reaction arm

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of torque measurement of tunnel prefabricated blocks, and discloses a reaction arm for a torque detector of tunnel prefabricated blocks and a torque detector having the reaction arm, wherein the reaction arm comprises a connecting block and a special-shaped block, wherein the connecting block is arranged on an outer sleeve of the torque detector, and the special-shaped block is detachably mounted on the connecting block. The connecting block is integrally formed with the outer sleeve of the torque detector, and the connecting block is radially arranged along the outer sleeve. The special-shaped block is plugged and matched with the connecting block through a slot arranged thereon, and after plugging, the special-shaped block is fixedly connected to the connecting block through a fastener. The fastener is a latch or a bolt or nut, etc. In this solution, different special-shaped blocks can be replaced when facing different usage scenarios, and the special-shaped blocks can be selectively replaced according to the usage scenarios, with high flexibility and wide application scenarios; and during use, when the special-shaped blocks are severely worn, they can also be disassembled and replaced, which can effectively reduce costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of torque measurement of a tunnel prefabricated block nut, and more particularly to a reaction arm for a tunnel prefabricated block torque detector and a torque detector having the reaction arm. Background Art

[0002] The method of splicing cement precast blocks into tunnels is an efficient and widely used technology in modern tunnel construction, which is called prefabricated assembled structure. The following is the process of how to use cement precast blocks to build tunnels: According to the tunnel design requirements, cement precast blocks of different shapes and functions, such as lining rings, are precisely manufactured in the factory to ensure that they meet strict tolerance and strength standards. These precast blocks are then transported to the construction site and lifted to the predetermined position by a crane. While the shield machine is digging, the precast blocks are installed one by one from the rear. Waterproof devices such as rubber sealing strips are usually installed between the precast blocks, and they are fixed with long bolts or other connectors to ensure the integrity and stability of the structure.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown below, taking the installation of long bolts as an example, in order to facilitate the installation of nuts and to ensure uniform force on the nuts, reserved holes for installing nuts are provided on the prefabricated blocks, which is roughly equivalent to punching a fan-shaped hole on the prefabricated block at an angle downward, thereby forming a fan-shaped platform that can support the nuts and perform operations, that is, the bottom wall of the reserved hole. Looking downward from the front, the bottom wall is roughly fan-shaped; two relatively straight side walls are also formed, which are roughly triangular when viewed from the side; a through hole is opened on the bottom wall to accommodate the long screw.

[0004] The forces exerted on the bolts and nuts connecting the precast blocks depend on many factors, including but not limited to the size, shape, weight, installation location (e.g. different parts of the tunnel lining), construction conditions, and expected external loads (e.g. groundwater pressure, soil lateral pressure, etc.) of the precast blocks. Therefore, there is no fixed value to describe the magnitude of the forces exerted on the bolts in all cases. However, some general guidelines can be given: if the precast blocks are small and carry a lower load, then the diameter of the bolts used for the connection will also be smaller, and the required preload and working stress will also be relatively small. For larger precast blocks or situations where higher loads need to be borne, larger diameter bolts and nuts are usually used. These bolts and nuts have a large diameter and can withstand greater tensile, shear and fatigue stresses.

[0005] As the tunnel diameter increases, the size of the precast blocks used increases accordingly, but the size of the holes for inserting long bolts and the platform for supporting nuts on the precast blocks cannot be expanded indefinitely, and the reserved holes cannot be increased indefinitely. This is because oversized holes will weaken the overall structural strength of the precast blocks, especially forming stress concentration points at the edges of the holes, increasing the risk of cracks or fractures, and may reduce their durability under long-term loads; at the same time, the increase in hole diameter reduces the effective load-bearing cross-sectional area, affecting the precast blocks' mechanical properties such as bending and shear resistance, and may cause uneven force on the bolts, thereby affecting the reliability of the connection system.

[0006] In summary, as the prefabricated block increases, the bolts and nuts can increase accordingly, but the reserved holes on the prefabricated blocks cannot increase infinitely with the prefabricated blocks. As a result, the following situation occurs: on larger prefabricated blocks, the reserved holes are relatively small, the nuts are relatively large, and the required torque is relatively large (generally around 2000 Nm, and some even exceed 2000 Nm). The general torque wrenches in the prior art are no longer applicable, and even cannot enter the reserved holes due to their large size.

[0007] The large torque detection devices that have been developed, such as the utility model patent with publication number CN211317598U, named a torque detection device, cannot be applied to this scenario for the following reasons: the reaction arm is relatively thin, and when it contacts the side wall of the prefabricated block, the prefabricated block is subjected to greater pressure, and the side wall of the reserved hole is easily damaged; the reaction arm has low structural strength, and when a larger torque is used, the reaction arm is easily deformed; in addition, the inner sleeve of the large torque detection device is keyed to the secondary planetary carrier, and it is very inconvenient to disassemble and assemble the inner sleeve; its outer sleeve is integrally formed with the reaction arm, and when the reaction arm is damaged, the outer sleeve can only be disassembled and replaced together, which is costly. When facing different scenarios, reaction arms of different shapes are required. The reaction arm in the above scheme is of fixed shape and cannot be adjusted according to the usage scenario. It has poor flexibility and is applicable to few scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect of the above-mentioned prior art and provides a reaction arm for a tunnel prefabricated block torque detector and a torque detector having the reaction arm, which is used to solve the technical problems that the outer sleeve and the reaction arm are integrally formed, and when the reaction arm is damaged, the outer sleeve can only be disassembled and replaced together, which is costly, and reaction arms of different shapes are required when facing different scenarios. It cannot be adjusted according to the usage scenario, has poor flexibility, and is applicable to few scenarios.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a reaction arm for a torque detector of a tunnel prefabricated block, the reaction arm comprising a connecting block and a special-shaped block, the connecting block being arranged on the outer sleeve of the torque detector, and the special-shaped block being detachably mounted on the connecting block. The connecting block is integrally formed with the outer sleeve of the torque detector, the connecting block being arranged radially along the outer sleeve, the special-shaped block being plugged and matched with the connecting block through a slot arranged thereon, and after plugging, the special-shaped block is fixedly connected to the connecting block through a fastener. The fastener is a latch or a bolt or nut, etc. In this solution, different special-shaped blocks can be replaced when facing different usage scenarios, and the special-shaped blocks can be selectively replaced according to the usage scenarios, with high flexibility and wide application scenarios; and during use, when the special-shaped blocks are severely worn, they can also be disassembled and replaced, which can effectively reduce costs.

[0010] Furthermore, the shaped block is an irregular polygonal structure as a whole, including a wider connecting end and a narrower supporting end, and the slot is arranged at the connecting end; the supporting end has a vertical supporting surface, and the supporting surface gradually narrows from the bottom to the top of the shaped block. When the shaped block is assembled on the connecting block, the supporting surface is close to the outer wall of the outer sleeve, and the supporting surface is parallel to a section of the outer circle of the outer sleeve. The wider supporting end can ensure the structural strength of the connection with the connecting block, so that it can withstand greater force when in use. When the supporting surface close to the outer wall of the outer sleeve is supported, it is located deep in the side wall of the reserved hole. When the structure narrows upward, the inclined outer edge of the side wall of the reserved hole will not be subjected to force, which well protects the inclined outer edge.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an arc-shaped side end and a multi-bevel side end, both of which are adjacent to the connection end and the support end respectively; the arc-shaped side end has an arc-shaped surface, and the multi-bevel side end has a plurality of inclined surfaces. When the special-shaped block is assembled on the connection block, the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped side end is concentric with the outer circle of the outer sleeve, and the inclined surface gradually inclines toward the outside of the special-shaped block from the top to the bottom of the special-shaped block. The bottom surface of the special-shaped block is larger, and it has higher stability when placed in the reserved hole to measure the torque of the nut, and it will not be tilted by the force direction of the twisting wrench.

[0012] A torque detector comprises a housing, an input shaft, a stop ratchet, a speed reduction mechanism and an inner sleeve mounted on the housing, wherein the outer sleeve is fixedly mounted on the housing in a detachable manner, the input shaft is connected to the inner sleeve via the speed reduction mechanism, the speed reduction mechanism is detachably connected to the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve. The inner sleeve is detachably connected to the speed reduction mechanism, and different inner sleeves can be replaced according to different nuts, which can effectively increase its applicable scenarios; the outer sleeve is designed as a detachable structure, and when it is deformed or damaged by a large force, it can also be disassembled and replaced separately, and the speed reduction mechanism is directly exposed after disassembly, which can effectively reduce the subsequent inspection and maintenance costs and the difficulty of subsequent inspection and maintenance.

[0013] Furthermore, an inner support sleeve is fixed to the output end of the reduction mechanism, and the inner sleeve is detachably mounted on the inner support sleeve. The inner support sleeve is connected to the inner sleeve in a plug-in manner, and after plug-in assembly, the inner support sleeve and the inner sleeve can be fixedly connected by fastening bolts. Compared with the prior art, the present solution adds an inner support sleeve, which makes it easier to set corresponding detachable structures on the inner support sleeve and the inner sleeve, and does not need to be set on the planetary carrier 2 of the reduction mechanism, which can effectively reduce the processing difficulty and protect the planetary carrier 2 and the reduction mechanism at the same time. If it is directly connected to the planetary carrier 2, the planetary carrier 2 needs to be replaced after damage, which is costly; and the damage of the planetary carrier 2 may further cause damage to other components of the internal reduction mechanism, while reducing the failure rate.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner sleeve has a first end and a second end, and the outer circumference of the inner sleeve is a stepped cylindrical structure with a diameter gradually reduced from the first end to the second end. The inner sleeve has a washer hole, a nut hole, a bolt hole, a through hole and a connecting hole from the first end to the second end, and the connecting hole is used to connect the inner support sleeve. A cavity is provided inside one end of the inner support sleeve, and a connector with a reduced diameter is provided at the other end. A threaded hole connected to the cavity is provided in the center. The connector is plugged into the connecting hole, and the inner support sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve by fastening bolts passing through the through hole and threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The stepped cylinder gradually reduces in diameter from the first end to the second end, which helps to disperse stress and avoid stress concentration when high torque is applied, thereby improving the mechanical strength and service life of the inner sleeve. This design ensures that the inner sleeve can maintain a stable shape and is not easily deformed while bearing a large torsional force, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of equipment operation. These holes with different functions inside the inner sleeve provide the necessary space for assembly, such as the washer hole for accommodating the washer; the nut hole for accommodating the nut or similar parts; the bolt clearance hole allows the bolt to pass through without interfering with other components; the through hole and the connection hole are used for the penetration of the fastening bolt and the connection with the inner support sleeve respectively. The precisely designed hole position improves the assembly accuracy and enhances the tightness of the fit between the various components. It also simplifies the installation process and reduces maintenance costs. The inner support sleeve is inserted into the connection hole of the inner sleeve through its connector and fixedly connected by fastening bolts. This connection method not only ensures a firm combination between the two components, but also facilitates disassembly and replacement. A simple and effective connection mechanism is provided, which makes the connection between the inner sleeve and the inner support sleeve both strong and flexible, suitable for working environments that require frequent adjustments or maintenance. The cavity at one end of the inner support sleeve reduces the weight without affecting its supporting capacity; the design of the inner support sleeve optimizes the weight-to-strength ratio, ensures sufficient supporting force, reduces unnecessary material use, and improves overall efficiency. In summary, these design details work together to improve the performance of the torque tester, enabling it to be more effectively used in actual engineering environments, especially providing a reliable torque application solution when dealing with large precast components.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer sleeve has a first end and a second end, one end of the outer sleeve is rotatably connected to the inner support sleeve through a composite sleeve 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner sleeve through a composite sleeve 2. This design ensures that the outer sleeve can flexibly rotate relative to the inner support sleeve and the inner sleeve while maintaining structural stability and strength, thereby reducing unnecessary friction and wear when torque is applied, and improving the operating efficiency and service life of the equipment; in addition, the use of the composite sleeve not only simplifies the assembly process, but also provides good centering, ensures the accuracy and stability of torque transmission, and enhances the reliability and durability of the entire device under high-load working conditions.

[0016] Furthermore, the shell is provided with an inner spline, and the inner spline is provided with a clamping groove; the outer sleeve has a first end and a second end, and starting from one side of the first end, an outer spline and an annular groove 1 are sequentially provided, and the diameter of the annular groove 1 is smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the outer spline keyway; during assembly, the outer spline is plugged into the inner spline, and the clamping groove is opposite to the part of the annular groove 1 near the first end of the outer sleeve, and the clamping groove is equipped with a retaining spring with a width greater than the depth of the retaining groove, and an L-shaped retaining ring 1 is inserted between the retaining spring and the bottom of the annular groove 1, and a retaining ring 2 is inserted between the annular groove 1 and the retaining ring 1. This structural design ensures a stable connection between the outer sleeve and the shell, while allowing relative rotational movement between the two, and realizes fast and reliable assembly through the cooperation of the spline and the retaining spring, and the design of the L-shaped retaining ring 1 and the retaining ring 2 further enhances the stability and vibration resistance of the connection, prevents accidental loosening during high-torque operation, and ensures the reliability of the equipment in a high-intensity working environment and the stability in long-term use.

[0017] Furthermore, a second ring groove is provided on one side of the first ring groove near the second end of the outer sleeve, a strain gauge is installed in the second ring groove, and the thickness from the bottom of the second ring groove to the inner wall of the outer sleeve is the thinnest part of the outer sleeve wall. This design makes the wall at the second ring groove the most prone to deformation in the outer sleeve, thereby ensuring that the strain gauge can sensitively sense the tiny deformation caused by the torque and provide high-precision torque measurement data; at the same time, installing the strain gauge in this specific position not only protects the strain gauge from the influence of the external environment, but also optimizes the accuracy of signal acquisition, improves the measurement reliability and response speed of the entire torque detector, and enhances the performance of the equipment in practical applications.

[0018] Furthermore, the first end of the outer sleeve is a reduced cylinder with a reduced diameter, and the annular groove 1 and the annular groove 2 are both arranged on the reduced cylinder. The reduced cylinder is sleeved with an annular sensor shield. After sleeved, one end of the sensor shield is butted against the shell port, and the other end is butted against the end face formed by the reduced diameter of the outer sleeve. This structure not only protects the sensitive strain gauge from external environmental factors such as dust and moisture, but also enhances the mechanical strength of the entire connection area through the sensor shield, ensuring the stability and durability of the equipment under high-intensity working environments; at the same time, the design of the reduced cylinder simplifies the assembly process between the outer sleeve and the shell, and enables the sensor shield to fit tightly to form a sealed whole, thereby improving the protection level of the equipment and ensuring the safety of internal components and the accuracy of measurement data.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] When facing different usage scenarios, different special-shaped blocks can be replaced. The special-shaped blocks can be selectively replaced according to the usage scenarios, with high flexibility and a wide range of applicable scenarios. Moreover, during use, when the special-shaped blocks are severely worn, they can be disassembled and replaced, which can effectively reduce costs.

[0021] The wider support end can ensure the structural strength of the connection with the connecting block, so that it can withstand greater force when in use. The support surface close to the outer wall of the outer sleeve is located deep in the side wall of the reserved hole when supporting. When the structure that narrows upward is supporting, the inclined outer edge of the side wall of the reserved hole will not be subjected to force, thereby well protecting the inclined outer edge.

[0022] The addition of an inner support sleeve makes it easier to set a corresponding detachable structure on the inner support sleeve and the inner sleeve, and it is not necessary to set it on the planet carrier 2 of the reduction mechanism, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of processing and protect the planet carrier 2 and the reduction mechanism. If it is directly connected to the planet carrier 2, the planet carrier 2 needs to be replaced after damage, which is costly; and the damage of the planet carrier 2 may further cause damage to other components of the internal reduction mechanism, while reducing the failure rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of some tunnel prefabricated blocks in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the inner sleeve of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the local structure at point A.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the housing and the outer sleeve of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the special-shaped block of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reaction arm of the present invention when operating in the reserved hole.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention when used.

[0031] In the figure: 1. outer rod; 2. inner slide rod; 3. locking structure; 4. fixing pin; 5. ratchet head; 6. first-order cylinder; 7. fastening bolt; 8. connecting hole; 9. input shaft; 10. through hole; 11. gasket A; 12. gasket B; 13. ratchet cover; 14. reversing knob; 15. bolt clearance hole; 16. nut hole; 17. handle; 18. planetary gear 1; 19. planetary gear 1 pin; 20. planetary carrier 1; 21. sun gear 1; 22. planetary gear 2; 23. planetary gear 2 pin; 24. planetary carrier 2; 25. sun gear 2; 26 1. Composite sleeve one; 27. Inner support sleeve; 28. Snap ring one; 29. ​​Snap ring two; 30. Sensor shield; 31. Composite sleeve two; 32. Outer sleeve; 33. Inner sleeve; 34. Reaction arm; 35. Torque detection instrument; 36. Shell; 37. Connecting block; 38. Special-shaped block; 39. Pin; 40. Slot; 41. Support surface; 42. Reduced cylinder; 43. Ring groove two; 44. Internal spline; 45. Snap groove; 46. Ring groove one; 47. Circlip; 48. Second-order cylinder; 49. Third-order cylinder; 50. Washer hole; 51. External spline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The drawings of the present invention are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0033] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present solution discloses a torque detector, including a housing 36 , an input shaft 9 , a stop ratchet, a speed reduction mechanism, an inner sleeve 33 and an outer sleeve 32 .

[0034] The input shaft 9 is mounted on the housing 36 and connected to the inner sleeve 33 through a reduction mechanism. Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the reduction mechanism includes a primary planetary reduction mechanism and a secondary planetary reduction mechanism. The primary planetary reduction mechanism includes a planetary gear 18, a planetary gear 1 pin 19, a planetary carrier 1 20 and a sun gear 1 21, and the secondary planetary reduction mechanism includes a planetary gear 2 22, a planetary gear 2 pin 23, a planetary carrier 2 24 and a sun gear 2 25; the input shaft 9 is connected to the sun gear 1 21, the sun gear 1 21 is meshed with the planetary gear 1 18, the planetary gear 1 18 is mounted on the planetary carrier 1 20 and meshed with the gear ring provided on the inner side of the housing 36, the planetary carrier 1 20 is keyed to the sun gear 2 25, the sun gear 2 25 is meshed with the planetary gear 2 22, the planetary gear 2 22 is mounted on the planetary carrier 2 24 and meshed with the gear ring provided on the inner side of the housing 36; wherein, the installation method of the components of the primary planetary reduction mechanism and the secondary planetary reduction mechanism in the housing 36 belongs to the technology well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] An inner support sleeve 27 is fixedly mounted on the planet carrier 24, and an inner sleeve 33 is detachably mounted on the inner support sleeve 27; specifically, the inner support sleeve 27 is a rotating body structure, a cavity is provided inside one end of the inner support sleeve 27, and a connector with a reduced diameter is provided at the other end, with a threaded hole connected to the cavity provided in the center.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner sleeve 33 has a first end and a second end. The inner sleeve 33 is a stepped cylindrical structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from the first end to the second end. It starts to decrease from its outer surface and has three steps, namely a first-step cylinder 6, a second-step cylinder 48 and a third-step cylinder 49; the interior of the inner sleeve 33 from the first end to the second end is successively provided with a washer hole 50, a nut hole 16, a bolt clearance hole 15, a through hole 10 and a connecting hole 8, wherein the diameter of the through hole 10 is smaller than the diameter of the connecting hole 8; the connecting hole 8 is plugged into the plug connector, and the inner sleeve 33 can be fixedly connected to the inner support sleeve 27 by fastening bolts 7 passing through the through hole 10 and threadedly connected to the threaded hole in the middle of the inner support sleeve 27.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, one end of the outer sleeve 32 is rotatably connected to the inner support sleeve 27 through a composite sleeve 1, and a platform and a limit flange for installing the composite sleeve 1 are respectively provided on the inner side surface of the outer sleeve 32 and the outer side surface of the inner support sleeve 27; the other end of the outer sleeve 32 is rotatably connected to the inner sleeve 33 through a composite sleeve 2 31, and the composite sleeve 2 31 is arranged at the position of the first-order cylinder 6. After installation, the outer circumferential surface of the other end of the outer sleeve 32 is flush with the outer circumferential surface of the first end of the inner sleeve 33, which can effectively improve its structural strength and aesthetics.

[0038] like Figure 4-6As shown, one end of the outer sleeve 32 is fixedly connected to the shell 36. Specifically, one end of the outer sleeve 32 is detachably connected to the shell 36. An internal spline 44 is provided on the shell 36, and a slot 45 is provided on the internal spline 44. One end of the outer sleeve 32 is a reduced cylinder 42 with a reduced diameter. On the outer circumferential surface of the reduced cylinder 42, starting from one side of the end, an external spline 51, an annular groove 1 46 and an annular groove 2 43 are sequentially provided. The diameter of the annular groove 1 46 is smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the keyway of the external spline 51. When connected to the shell 36, the external spline 51 is inserted into the keyway of the internal spline 44. The internal spline 44 is longer than the external spline 51. Figure 4 As shown, at this time, the groove 45 is just opposite to part of the ring groove 1 46. The space provided by the ring groove 1 46 can be used to install the retaining spring 47 in the groove 45, and then the retaining ring 1 28 with an L-shaped end face can be installed. The retaining ring 1 28 has a horizontal portion and a vertical portion. The horizontal portion of the retaining ring 1 28 supports the retaining spring 47 from the inside to the outside to prevent it from shrinking. Finally, the retaining ring 29 is installed. The vertical portion of the retaining ring 29 and the retaining ring 1 28 just fills the gap between the ring groove 1 46 and the housing 36, so that the horizontal portion of the retaining ring 1 28 will not fall out of the retaining spring 47 circle.

[0039] The second annular groove 43 is used to attach the strain gauge. The thickness of the second annular groove 43 is the thinnest part of the outer sleeve 32, and the wall thickness of each part of the shell 36 is greater than the wall thickness of the second annular groove 43 on the outer sleeve 32. In this way, the wall portion at the second annular groove 43 is relatively thin and most prone to deformation, so that the strain gauge attached to the second annular groove 43 can perform more sensitive sensing. The outer sleeve 32 is made of aluminum alloy.

[0040] A circle of sensor shield 30 is installed on the outer circumference of the reduced cylinder 42. It is an annular structure and can cover the ring groove 2 43 and part of the ring groove 1 46 to protect the strain gauge. At the same time, it constrains the inner clamping ring 28 and the clamping ring 29 of the clamping ring 1 28. After installation, one end of it just docks with the shell 36, and the outer wall surface is just flush with the outer wall surface of the shell 36, and the other end abuts the end surface of the outer sleeve 32 with a reduced diameter. The sensor shield 30 can be designed into a two-half structure and assembled into a whole circle with small bolts.

[0041] The outer sleeve 32 is provided with a reaction arm 34, which includes a connecting block 37 and a special-shaped block 38. The connecting block 37 is fixed on the outer sleeve 32, arranged along the radial direction of the outer sleeve 32, and is integrated with the outer sleeve 32 to be a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, such as a triangular prism, a cylinder, etc.; the special-shaped block 38 is provided with a slot 40, the shape of the slot 40 matches the shape of the connecting block 37, and the special-shaped block 38 is inserted into the connecting block 37 through the slot 40. The connecting block 37 and the special-shaped block 38 can be fixedly connected together by a pin 39 that penetrates the vertically concentric pin holes provided on the special-shaped block 38 and the connecting block 37. There are no less than two pin 39 holes on the connecting block 37 and the special-shaped block 38; the special-shaped block 38 has an irregular polygonal structure as a whole, including a wider connecting end and a narrower supporting end, and also includes an arc-shaped side end and a multi-bevel side end; the slot 40 is provided on the connecting end, and the wider connecting end A longer force-bearing arm can be provided so that the entire side of the connecting block 37 is stressed, and the connecting block 37 is more evenly stressed and not easy to deform. Notches are provided on the top and bottom sides of one side of the connecting end close to the outer sleeve 32, which can save materials. When the special-shaped block 38 is installed on the connecting block 37, the arc edge is concentric with the outer peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 32, and has a distance of about 8mm; the supporting end has a supporting surface 41, and the supporting surface 41 is arranged at the supporting end, close to the outer circle of the outer sleeve 32, that is, about 8mm. The multi-bevel side end has at least two inclined surfaces. After installation, the supporting surface 41 is close to the outer sleeve 32 and parallel to a tangent plane of the outer circle of the outer sleeve 32. The supporting surface 41 is used to contact the side wall of the prefabricated block to play a supporting role. The inclined surface gradually inclines from top to bottom toward the outside of the special-shaped block 38, and the supporting surface 41 is made to be a trapezoidal shape with a narrow top and a wide bottom through the inclined surface. This trapezoidal shape just fits the side wall of the reserved hole that gradually narrows from the inside to the outside (such as Figure 1 As shown), in this way, the support surface 41 is located at the depth of the side wall of the reserved hole when supporting (as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown), the inclined outer edge of the side wall of the reserved hole will not be subjected to force, which well protects the inclined outer edge. The function of the inclined surface close to the support surface 41 is mainly to make the support surface 41 form a trapezoidal shape, and the other inclined surface plays a transitional role, which can save more materials and ensure that it has a higher connection strength. The thickness of the special-shaped block 38 is roughly three times the thickness of the connecting block 37, and the slot 40 connected to the connecting block 37 is set in the middle position of the special-shaped block 38 (with thickness as a reference).

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, a handle 17 is mounted on the housing 36 for carrying the torque detector.

[0043] The anti-retraction ratchet in this scheme includes a ratchet cover 13 and a reversing knob 14, and an inner locking block, a knob cover, etc. are also arranged inside the ratchet; the structure is basically the same as that of the anti-retraction ratchet in the invention patent with publication number CN211317598U and the name of a torque detection device, and its setting can be used as a reference. In addition, the anti-retraction ratchet technology belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail here; a torque detection instrument 35 is installed on the housing 36, which can convert the electrical signal generated by the strain gauge into a torque value and display it, which is a technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] The input shaft 9 extends out of the ratchet cover 13 of the stop ratchet, and the gap between it and the ratchet cover 13 is closed by a gasket B12. The input shaft 9 can be hexagonal, square or other polygonal shapes, and can be twisted by a wrench or a ratchet wrench; because the force required to twist the input shaft 9 is relatively large, and the reserved hole is tilted and the bottom wall of the reserved hole is not horizontal, when the nut is screwed, the screwing action is on an inclined plane, which is very inconvenient and also affects the force when screwing. For this reason, in this solution, a screwing device that can screw it is installed on the input shaft 9, and the screwing device includes a ratchet The ratchet head 5 has the same structure as the general ratchet wrench head, which is a technical feature known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here; the input shaft 9 is inserted into the polygonal hole in the middle of the ratchet head 5 (matching the shape of the input shaft 9, which can be a square, hexagonal, etc.), the inner slide bar 2 is rotatably connected to the ratchet head 5 through the fixing pin 4, the outer rod 1 is slidably connected to the inner slide bar 2, and the end of the outer rod 1 is installed with a locking structure 3, which can fix one end of the outer rod 1 to any position on the inner slide bar 2. The locking structure 3 can adopt the locking structure commonly used in the prior art, which is a technology known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] In this solution, the wall thickness of the inner sleeve 33 is greatly increased, especially the thickness of the nut hole 16 at the port position, thereby increasing its structural strength.

[0046] like Figure 7 and 8 As shown, the radius of the prefabricated block in the present scheme is approximately 6.55 meters, the outer circle radius R of the reserved hole is approximately 57 mm, the opening angle (that is, the angle between the two side walls) is approximately 53.5°, wherein the nut needs to reach a torque of approximately 2000 N meters; after the improvement, the torque detector of the present scheme has a high degree of structural integration, the height of the inner sleeve 33 is greatly reduced, the overall diameter is approximately 99 mm, and the height is approximately 235 mm, which can just enter the reserved hole.

[0047] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reaction arm for a torque detector for tunnel precast blocks, characterized in that: The reaction arm (34) comprises a connecting block (37) and a special-shaped block (38); the connecting block (37) is arranged on an outer sleeve of the torque detector; and the special-shaped block (38) is detachably mounted on the connecting block (37).

2. The reaction arm for a tunnel prefabricated block torque detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaped block (38) is an irregular polygonal structure as a whole, comprising a wider connecting end and a narrower supporting end, and the slot (40) is arranged at the connecting end; the supporting end has a vertical supporting surface (41), and the supporting surface (41) gradually narrows from the bottom to the top of the shaped block (38); when the shaped block (38) is assembled on the connecting block (37), the supporting surface (41) is close to the outer wall of the outer sleeve (32), and the supporting surface (41) is parallel to a tangent surface of the outer circle of the outer sleeve (32).

3. The reaction arm for a tunnel prefabricated block torque detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an arc-shaped side end and a multi-slope side end respectively adjacent to the connecting end and the supporting end; the arc-shaped side end has an arc-shaped surface, and the multi-slope side end has a plurality of inclined surfaces. When the special-shaped block (38) is assembled on the connecting block (37), the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped side end is concentric with the outer circle of the outer sleeve (32), and the inclined surface gradually inclines toward the outside of the special-shaped block (38) from the top to the bottom of the special-shaped block (38).

4. A torque detector having a reaction arm as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a housing (36), an input shaft (9) mounted on the housing (36), a stop ratchet, a speed reduction mechanism and an inner sleeve (33), characterized in that: The outer sleeve (32) of the torque detector is fixedly mounted on the housing (36) in a detachable manner, the input shaft (9) is connected to the inner sleeve (33) via a reduction mechanism, the reduction mechanism is detachably connected to the inner sleeve (33), and the inner sleeve (33) is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve (32).

5. A torque detector according to claim 4, characterized in that: An inner support sleeve (27) is fixed to the output end of the speed reduction mechanism, and the inner sleeve (33) is detachably mounted on the inner support sleeve (27).

6. A torque detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner sleeve (33) has a first end and a second end. The outer circumference of the inner sleeve (33) is a stepped cylindrical structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from the first end to the second end. The interior of the inner sleeve (33) is provided with a washer hole (50), a nut hole (16), a bolt clearance hole (15), a through hole (10) and a connecting hole (8) from the first end to the second end. The connecting hole (8) is used to connect the inner support sleeve (27).

7. A torque detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the outer sleeve (32) is rotatably connected to the inner support sleeve (27) via a composite sleeve 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner sleeve (33) via a composite sleeve 2.

8. A torque detector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell (36) is provided with an internal spline (44), and a retaining groove (45) is provided on the internal spline (44); the outer sleeve (32) has a first end and a second end, and starting from one side of the first end of the outer sleeve (32), an external spline (51) and an annular groove (46) are sequentially provided, and the diameter of the annular groove (46) is smaller than the diameter of the keyway bottom of the external spline (51); during assembly, the external spline (51) is plugged into the internal spline (44), and the retaining groove (45) is opposite to the part of the annular groove (46) close to the first end of the outer sleeve (32), and a retaining spring (47) with a width greater than the depth of the retaining groove (45) is installed in the retaining groove (45), an L-shaped retaining ring (28) is inserted between the retaining spring (47) and the bottom of the annular groove (46), and a retaining ring (29) is inserted between the annular groove (46) and the retaining ring (28).

9. A torque detector according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second ring groove (43) is provided on one side of the first ring groove (46) close to the second end of the outer sleeve (32), a strain gauge is installed in the second ring groove (43), and the thickness from the bottom of the second ring groove (43) to the inner wall of the outer sleeve (32) is the thinnest part of the wall of the outer sleeve (32).

10. A torque detector according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first end of the outer sleeve (32) is a reduced diameter cylinder (42), and the annular groove 1 (46) and the annular groove 2 (43) are both arranged on the reduced cylinder (42). An annular sensor shield (30) is sleeved on the reduced cylinder (42). After the sleeved connection, one end of the sensor shield (30) is connected to the port of the shell (36), and the other end is in contact with the end face formed by the reduced diameter of the outer sleeve (32).

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