A test device and method for vibration damping test of rail vehicles

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of rail vehicle testing technology, specifically relating to a test device and method for testing the vibration damping of rail vehicles. It includes a housing, within which a braking assembly is installed. A screw-driven lifting platform is mounted on top of the braking assembly, and a lifting plate is connected to the top of the platform. Rotary shafts are rotatably mounted on both sides of the braking assembly, with rotating rods mounted on the shafts. A push plate is connected to the other end of each rotating rod. Through slots are formed on both sides of the lifting plate, and inclined sliding grooves are formed on the inner walls of these slots. Rubber pads are mounted on top of the push plate, and inclined sliders are mounted on both sides of the rubber pads, slidingly engaging with the inclined sliding grooves. When the vehicle body is lifted, the rubber pads are drawn into the through slots by the sliding engagement of the inclined sliders and inclined sliding grooves, and the rigid plate lifts the vehicle body, ensuring its balance. When the vehicle body impacts the rails, the rubber pads are removed from the through slots by the sliding engagement of the inclined sliders and inclined sliding grooves, providing timely cushioning to the wheels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail vehicle testing, and in particular relates to a test device and a method for rail vehicle vibration damping testing. Background Art

[0002] A rail vehicle is a multi-rigid body and multi-degree-of-freedom system. The vibration characteristics of the vehicle will affect the ride comfort and driving safety of the train. The rail vehicle vibration damping test is a rail vehicle vibration characteristic test conducted in a static laboratory environment. This test can avoid the influence of track line conditions on the vehicle vibration characteristics and is a test of the vehicle's own characteristics. The test method is: use the test device to provide an excitation for the test vehicle to simulate vibration conditions such as sinking, nodding or rolling. After the vehicle enters the free oscillation state, the primary and secondary vertical and lateral vibration attenuation curves are detected respectively, and the damping coefficient and damping ratio of the vehicle system are calculated based on the curves.

[0003] In the prior art, the simulation of vehicle vibration conditions usually adopts the vehicle drop method; a wedge-shaped pad is set on the track, and the wedge-shaped pad has a guiding inclined surface at a certain angle to the track, a vertical surface perpendicular to the track, and a bearing surface between the guiding inclined surface and the vertical surface and parallel to the track; during the test, the test vehicle is pushed so that the wheels move from the guiding inclined surface to the bearing surface, and then fall from the vertical surface to the track, so that the whole vehicle vibrates freely.

[0004] During the process of falling off the train, the wheelset suddenly falls off the wedge block, and a large impact force is generated between the wheels and the rails. Due to the large mass of the rail vehicle, this impact may cause local deformation, abrasions, or even more serious cracks on the wheel tread. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for vibration damping test of rail vehicles in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] The objective of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical scheme: a test device for vibration damping test of rail vehicle, which comprises a box body, a brake assembly is installed in the box body, a screw lifting platform is installed on the top of the brake assembly, a top plate is installed on the screw of the screw lifting platform, the screw lifting platform is connected to the lifting plate through the top plate, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed on both sides of the brake assembly, a rotating rod is installed on the rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating rod is connected to the push plate; a through groove is opened on both sides of the lifting plate, an inclined slide groove is opened on the inner wall of the through groove, a rubber pad is installed on the top of the push plate, and inclined sliding blocks are installed on both sides of the rubber pad, and the inclined sliding blocks are slidably matched with the inclined slide groove; when the screw lifting platform drives the lifting plate to move up, through the cooperation of the inclined sliding block and the inclined slide groove, the rotating rod drives the push plate and the rubber pad to slide to the bottom of the inclined slide groove, so that the rubber pad gradually moves into the through groove; when the lifting plate moves down, the rotating rod drives the push plate and the rubber pad to slide to the top of the inclined slide groove, so that the rubber pad gradually moves out of the through groove.

[0007] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, the brake assembly includes a brake box, in which a vertically sliding metal block is installed. The brake blocks are connected to the two sides of the metal block by connecting rods, and the brake blocks press against the rotating shaft; the brake blocks are driven to brake the rotating shaft by vertically moving the metal block.

[0008] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, the brake assembly also includes a placement table, the placement table is installed in the brake box, an electromagnetic suction cup is installed on the placement table, the electromagnetic suction cup absorbs the metal block, and a return spring is installed between the placement table and the metal block.

[0009] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, a placement groove is opened on the top of the lifting plate, a rigid plate is slidably installed in the placement groove, a rack is installed in the placement groove, a stepper motor is installed on the rigid plate, the output end of the stepper motor is connected to the transmission gear, and the transmission gear is meshed with the rack.

[0010] As a further optimization or improvement of the present solution, a strip-shaped slider is installed in the placement groove, a support plate is installed at the bottom of the rigid plate, a positive slide groove is opened on the support plate, and the positive slide groove and the strip-shaped slider are slidably matched.

[0011] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, the stepper motor is connected to a level meter, and the level meter measures the inner and outer rails.

[0012] As a further optimization or improvement of the present solution, a hydraulic telescopic rod is installed between the side wall of the rotating rod and the box body.

[0013] A test method for a rail vehicle vibration damping test, the method is applied to the test device for a rail vehicle vibration damping test as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step S1: The present invention is horizontally placed at the bottom of the vehicle body under test, and the screw lifting platform drives the lifting plate and the rigid plate to move upward through the top plate, and gradually lifts the vehicle body through the rigid plate, so that the vehicle body under test is separated from the rails;

[0015] Step S2: When the rigid plate lifts the vehicle body, the lifting plate drives the rotating rod to rotate along the rotating shaft through the sliding cooperation between the inclined sliding block and the inclined sliding groove. At the same time, the rotating rod drives the push plate and the rubber pad to slide toward the bottom of the inclined sliding groove, so that the rubber pad moves into the through groove;

[0016] Step S3: When the body of the tested vehicle is lifted to a preset height, the screw lifting platform is closed;

[0017] Step S4: starting the electromagnetic suction cup, the electromagnetic suction cup absorbs the metal block, so that the metal block moves downward, and the metal block pushes the brake block to move toward the rotating shaft through the connecting rod, so that the brake block presses the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is braked by the brake block to fix the height of the vehicle body;

[0018] Step S5: Control the top plate to move downward by means of the screw lifting platform, so that the top plate is separated from the lifting plate;

[0019] Step S6: closing the electromagnetic suction cup, so that the metal block is reset under the action of the reset spring, and at the same time the brake block is separated from the rotating shaft, and the rigid plate and the lifting plate are driven downward under the dead weight of the vehicle body;

[0020] Step S7: The lifting plate moves downward to drive the rotating rod to rotate along the rotating shaft. Under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined sliding block and the inclined sliding groove, the rotating rod drives the push plate and the rubber pad to slide toward the top of the inclined sliding groove, so that the rubber pad moves out of the through groove. As the rubber pad moves, the rubber pad gradually becomes higher than the rigid plate. When the vehicle body wheel hits the rail, the rigid plate can provide buffering in time.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] (1) When the vehicle body is lifted, the rubber pad is retracted into the through-groove under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider and the inclined slide groove, and the vehicle body is lifted up by the rigid plate to ensure the balance of the vehicle body; when the vehicle body impacts the rail, the rubber pad is moved out of the through-groove under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider and the inclined slide groove, so that the rubber pad is higher than the rigid plate, and the rigid plate provides timely cushioning for the wheel. This solution can improve the balance of the vehicle body when it is lifted, and at the same time, when the wheel impacts the rail, the rubber pad can timely cushion the wheel to avoid wheel deformation.

[0023] (2) When the car body and the rail at the bend are subjected to vibration damping test, the screw lift platform lifts the car body, and then the screw lift platform drives the top plate to separate from the lifting plate. The height of the lifting plate is fixed by the brake assembly, and then the lifting plate is driven to move by the stepper motor. Under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slide block and the inclined slide groove, the rubber pads close to the outer wheels of the car body rise, and the rubber pads close to the inner wheels of the car body fall, so that there is a certain height difference between the two rubber pads. When the car body falls, since the rubber pads close to the outer wheels are higher than the rubber pads on the inner wheels, the rubber pads close to the outer wheels increase the buffering force on the outer wheels of the car body, reducing the probability of damage to the outer wheels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the lifting plate and brake assembly structure.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure of part A.

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure of part B.

[0030] Figure 6 This is the coordination diagram of the rigid plate and the lifting plate.

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the rigid board.

[0032] The following are marked in the figure: 1. Box body; 2. Lifting plate; 3. Rigid plate; 4. Braking assembly; 401. Placement table; 402. Electromagnetic suction cup; 403. Brake box; 404. Metal block; 405. Connecting rod; 406. Brake block; 5. Screw lifting platform; 6. Turntable; 7. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 8. Rotating shaft; 9. Top plate; 10. Through groove; 11. Push plate; 12. Rubber pad; 13. Inclined slide groove; 14. Inclined slider; 15. Strip slider; 16. Rack; 17. Support plate; 18. Positive slide groove; 19. Placement groove; 20. Transmission gear; 21. Stepper motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 A test device for vibration damping test of rail vehicles, comprising a box body 1, a brake assembly 4 is installed in the box body 1, a screw lifting platform 5 is installed on the top of the brake assembly 4, a top plate 9 is installed on the screw of the screw lifting platform 5, the screw lifting platform 5 is connected to the lifting plate 2 through the top plate 9, a rotating shaft 8 is rotatably installed on both sides of the brake assembly 4, a rotating rod 6 is installed on the rotating shaft 8, and the other end of the rotating rod 6 is connected to a push plate 11; through grooves 10 are opened on both sides of the lifting plate 2, and an inclined sliding groove 13 is opened on the inner wall of the through groove 10, and a rubber pad is installed on the top of the push plate 11 12, inclined sliding blocks 14 are installed on both sides of the rubber pad 12, and the inclined sliding blocks 14 are slidably matched with the inclined sliding grooves 13; when the screw lifting platform 5 drives the lifting plate 2 to move upward, through the cooperation of the inclined sliding blocks 14 and the inclined sliding grooves 13, the rotating rod 6 drives the push plate 11 and the rubber pad 12 to slide to the bottom of the inclined sliding grooves 13, so that the rubber pad 12 gradually moves into the through grooves 10; when the lifting plate 2 moves downward, the rotating rod 6 drives the push plate 11 and the rubber pad 12 to slide to the top of the inclined sliding grooves 13, so that the rubber pad 12 gradually moves out of the through grooves 10.

[0035] Specifically, the brake assembly 4 includes a brake box 403, in which a vertically sliding metal block 404 is installed. The two sides of the metal block 404 are connected to brake blocks 406 through connecting rods 405, and the brake blocks 406 press against the rotating shaft 8; the brake blocks 406 are driven by the vertically moving metal block 404 to brake the rotating shaft 8.

[0036] Specifically, the brake assembly 4 further includes a placement platform 401 , which is installed in the brake box 403 , on which an electromagnetic suction cup 402 is installed, which absorbs a metal block 404 , and between which a return spring is installed.

[0037] It should be noted that the screw lifting platform 5 is a prior art, which mainly includes a motor, a screw and a transmission structure connecting the motor and the screw. This solution will no longer elaborate on the working principle and connection structure of the screw lifting platform 5, which does not affect the integrity of this solution.

[0038] Lift the vehicle body; the present invention is horizontally placed at the bottom of the vehicle body to be tested, and the screw lifting platform 5 drives the lifting plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 to move upward through the top plate 9, and gradually lifts the vehicle body through the rigid plate 3. At this time, the vehicle body to be tested is separated from the rail. In this process, the lifting plate 2 drives the rotating rod 6 to rotate along the rotating shaft 8 through the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide groove 13. At the same time, the rotating rod 6 drives the push plate 11 and the rubber pad 12 to slide to the bottom of the inclined slide groove 13, see Figure 5 , so that the rubber pad 12 moves into the through groove 10, and when the body of the tested vehicle is lifted to a preset height, the screw lifting platform 5 is closed.

[0039] Fixed hull; see Figure 4 , start the electromagnetic suction cup 402, the electromagnetic suction cup 402 absorbs the metal block 404, so that the metal block 404 moves downward, and the metal block 404 pushes the brake block 406 to move toward the rotating shaft 8 through the connecting rod 405, so that the brake block 406 presses the rotating shaft 8, and the rotating shaft 8 is braked by the brake block 406 to fix the height of the vehicle body. The top plate 9 is controlled to move downward by the screw lifting platform 5, so that the top plate 9 is separated from the lifting plate 2.

[0040] Vehicle body vibration damping test; close the electromagnetic suction cup 402, so that the metal block 404 is reset under the action of the reset spring, and the brake block 406 is separated from the rotating shaft 8, and the rigid plate 3 and the lifting plate 2 are driven downward under the dead weight of the vehicle body. The downward movement of the lifting plate 2 drives the rotating rod 6 to rotate along the rotating shaft 8. Under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined sliding block 14 and the inclined sliding groove 13, the rotating rod 6 drives the push plate 11 and the rubber pad 12 to slide to the top of the inclined sliding groove 13, so that the rubber pad 12 moves to the outside of the through groove 10. As the rubber pad 12 moves, the rubber pad 12 gradually becomes higher than the rigid plate 3. When the vehicle body wheel hits the rail, the rubber pad 12 can provide buffering in time to avoid local deformation of the wheel tread.

[0041] It should be noted that due to the large mass of the vehicle body, during the process of lifting the vehicle body, the vehicle body will continuously exert pressure on the elastic parts, which are prone to abnormal deformation, causing the vehicle body parts to tilt. When the vehicle body falls, the wheels are prone to lateral pressure, causing wheel rim wear.

[0042] Therefore, when the vehicle body is lifted, the rubber pad 12 is received in the through groove 10 under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide groove 13, and the vehicle body is lifted up by the rigid plate 3 to ensure the balance of the vehicle body; when the vehicle body impacts the rail, the rubber pad 12 is moved out of the through groove 10 under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide groove 13, so that the rubber pad 12 is higher than the rigid plate 3, and the wheel is timely buffered by the rubber pad 12. This solution can improve the balance of the vehicle body when it is lifted, and at the same time, when the wheel impacts the rail, the rubber pad 12 can timely buffer the wheel to avoid wheel deformation.

[0043] It should be noted that the present application can be used in conjunction with a hoisting machine to improve the test efficiency. Steel plates are installed on both sides of the push plate 11, the rubber pads 12 are placed between the steel plates, and the inclined slider 14 is installed on the steel plates, thereby ensuring the sliding stability of the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide 13.

[0044] See also Figure 3-Figure 7 A placement groove 19 is provided on the top of the lifting plate 2, and a rigid plate 3 is slidably installed in the placement groove 19. A rack 16 is installed in the placement groove 19, and a stepper motor 21 is installed on the rigid plate 3. The output end of the stepper motor 21 is connected to a transmission gear 20, and the transmission gear 20 is meshed with the rack 16.

[0045] Specifically, a strip-shaped slider 15 is installed in the placement groove 19 , a support plate 17 is installed at the bottom of the rigid plate 3 , a positive slide groove 18 is provided on the support plate 17 , and the positive slide groove 18 is slidably matched with the strip-shaped slider 15 .

[0046] Specifically, the stepper motor 21 is connected to a level meter, and the level meter measures the inner and outer rails.

[0047] It should be noted that the inner and outer rails of the steel rails at the bend are not on the same level, but the outer rail is slightly higher than the inner rail. When the vehicle body and the steel rails at this location are subjected to vibration damping tests, the wheels outside the vehicle body will first impact the outer rail, and then the wheels inside the vehicle body will impact the inner rail. During this process, the impact force on the wheels outside the vehicle body is greater than that on the wheels inside, which can easily cause damage to the wheels outside the vehicle body.

[0048] Therefore, when the vibration damping test is performed on the car body and the rails at the bend, the height difference between the inner and outer rails needs to be measured by a level meter first, and the measurement signal is transmitted to the stepper motor 21. When the car body is lifted, the screw lifting platform 5 drives the top plate 9 to separate from the lifting plate 2. The height of the lifting plate 2 is fixed by the brake assembly 4. Then the stepper motor 21 is started, and the transmission gear 20 is engaged with the rack 16. The stepper motor 21 drives the lifting plate 2 to move. Under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide groove 13, the rubber pad 12 close to the outer wheel of the car body is raised, and the rubber pad 12 close to the inner wheel of the car body is lowered, so that there is a certain height difference between the two rubber pads 12. When the car body falls, since the rubber pad 12 close to the outer wheel is higher than the rubber pad 12 of the inner wheel, the rubber pad 12 close to the outer wheel increases the buffering force of the outer wheel of the car body, reducing the probability of damage to the outer wheel.

[0049] It should be noted that since the outer rail is only slightly higher than the inner rail, when conducting a vibration damping test on the vehicle body, the outer rail and the inner rail are not sufficient to cause the vehicle body to tip over.

[0050] See also Figure 2 A hydraulic telescopic rod 7 is installed between the side wall of the rotating rod 6 and the box body 1.

[0051] It should be noted that the hydraulic telescopic rod 7 provides equal supporting force for the rotating rods 6 on both sides of the brake assembly 4, ensuring that the rotating rods 6 can rotate synchronously during the lifting and lowering process of the lifting plate 2.

[0052] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention is a test method for rail vehicle vibration damping test, the method is applied to the test device for rail vehicle vibration damping test as described in the above embodiment, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step S1: The present invention is horizontally placed at the bottom of the vehicle body under test, and the screw lifting platform 5 drives the lifting plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 to move upward through the top plate 9, and gradually lifts the vehicle body through the rigid plate 3, so that the vehicle body under test is separated from the rails;

[0054] Step S2: When the rigid plate 3 lifts the vehicle body, the lifting plate 2 drives the rotating rod 6 to rotate along the rotating shaft 8 through the sliding cooperation between the inclined sliding block 14 and the inclined sliding groove 13. At the same time, the rotating rod 6 drives the push plate 11 and the rubber pad 12 to slide toward the bottom of the inclined sliding groove 13, so that the rubber pad 12 moves into the through groove 10.

[0055] Step S3: When the body of the tested vehicle is lifted to a preset height, the screw lifting platform 5 is closed;

[0056] Step S4: start the electromagnetic suction cup 402, the electromagnetic suction cup 402 absorbs the metal block 404, so that the metal block 404 moves downward, and the metal block 404 pushes the brake block 406 to move toward the rotating shaft 8 through the connecting rod 405, so that the brake block 406 presses the rotating shaft 8, and the rotating shaft 8 is braked by the brake block 406 to fix the height of the vehicle body;

[0057] Step S5: Control the top plate 9 to move downward by the screw lifting platform 5, so that the top plate 9 is separated from the lifting plate 2;

[0058] Step S6: closing the electromagnetic chuck 402, so that the metal block 404 is reset under the action of the reset spring, and at the same time the brake block 406 is separated from the rotating shaft 8, and the rigid plate 3 and the lifting plate 2 are driven downward under the dead weight of the vehicle body;

[0059] Step S7: The lifting plate 2 moves downward to drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate along the rotating shaft 8. Under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined sliding block 14 and the inclined sliding groove 13, the rotating rod 6 drives the push plate 11 and the rubber pad 12 to slide toward the top of the inclined sliding groove 13, so that the rubber pad 12 moves to the outside of the through groove 10. As the rubber pad 12 moves, the rubber pad 12 gradually becomes higher than the rigid plate 3. When the vehicle wheel hits the rail, the rigid plate 3 can provide buffering in time.

[0060] Working principle of the present invention:

[0061] Lift the vehicle body; the present invention is horizontally placed at the bottom of the vehicle body to be tested, and the screw lifting platform 5 drives the lifting plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 to move upward through the top plate 9, and gradually lifts the vehicle body through the rigid plate 3. At this time, the vehicle body to be tested is separated from the rail. In this process, the lifting plate 2 drives the rotating rod 6 to rotate along the rotating shaft 8 through the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide groove 13. At the same time, the rotating rod 6 drives the push plate 11 and the rubber pad 12 to slide to the bottom of the inclined slide groove 13, see Figure 5 , so that the rubber pad 12 moves into the through groove 10, and when the body of the tested vehicle is lifted to a preset height, the screw lifting platform 5 is closed.

[0062] Fixed hull; see Figure 4 , start the electromagnetic suction cup 402, the electromagnetic suction cup 402 absorbs the metal block 404, so that the metal block 404 moves downward, and the metal block 404 pushes the brake block 406 to move toward the rotating shaft 8 through the connecting rod 405, so that the brake block 406 presses the rotating shaft 8, and the rotating shaft 8 is braked by the brake block 406 to fix the height of the vehicle body. The top plate 9 is controlled to move downward by the screw lifting platform 5, so that the top plate 9 is separated from the lifting plate 2.

[0063] Vehicle body vibration damping test; close the electromagnetic suction cup 402, so that the metal block 404 is reset under the action of the reset spring, and the brake block 406 is separated from the rotating shaft 8, and the rigid plate 3 and the lifting plate 2 are driven downward under the dead weight of the vehicle body. The downward movement of the lifting plate 2 drives the rotating rod 6 to rotate along the rotating shaft 8. Under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined sliding block 14 and the inclined sliding groove 13, the rotating rod 6 drives the push plate 11 and the rubber pad 12 to slide to the top of the inclined sliding groove 13, so that the rubber pad 12 moves to the outside of the through groove 10. As the rubber pad 12 moves, the rubber pad 12 gradually becomes higher than the rigid plate 3. When the vehicle body wheel hits the rail, the rubber pad 12 can provide buffering in time to avoid local deformation of the wheel tread.

[0064] It should be noted that due to the large mass of the vehicle body, during the process of lifting the vehicle body, the vehicle body will continuously exert pressure on the elastic parts, which are prone to abnormal deformation, causing the vehicle body parts to tilt. When the vehicle body falls, the wheels are prone to lateral pressure, causing wheel rim wear.

[0065] Therefore, when the vehicle body is lifted, the rubber pad 12 is received in the through groove 10 under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide groove 13, and the vehicle body is lifted up by the rigid plate 3 to ensure the balance of the vehicle body; when the vehicle body impacts the rail, the rubber pad 12 is moved out of the through groove 10 under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide groove 13, so that the rubber pad 12 is higher than the rigid plate 3, and the wheel is timely buffered by the rubber pad 12. This solution can improve the balance of the vehicle body when it is lifted, and at the same time, when the wheel impacts the rail, the rubber pad 12 can timely buffer the wheel to avoid wheel deformation.

[0066] Specifically, when the vibration damping test is performed on the car body and the rails at the bend, the height difference between the inner and outer rails needs to be measured by a level meter first, and the measurement signal is transmitted to the stepper motor 21. When the car body is lifted, the screw lifting platform 5 drives the top plate 9 to separate from the lifting plate 2, and the height of the lifting plate 2 is fixed by the brake assembly 4. Then the stepper motor 21 is started, and the transmission gear 20 is engaged with the rack 16, and the stepper motor 21 drives the lifting plate 2 to move. Under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined slider 14 and the inclined slide groove 13, the rubber pad 12 close to the outer wheel of the car body is raised, and the rubber pad 12 close to the inner wheel of the car body is lowered, so that there is a certain height difference between the two rubber pads 12. When the car body falls, since the rubber pad 12 close to the outer wheel is higher than the rubber pad 12 of the inner wheel, the rubber pad 12 close to the outer wheel increases the buffering force of the outer wheel of the car body, strengthens the protection of the outer wheel of the car body, and reduces the probability of damage to the outer wheel.

[0067] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A test device for rail vehicle vibration damping test, characterized in that: The invention comprises a box body (1), a brake assembly (4) is installed in the box body (1), a screw lifting platform (5) is installed on the top of the brake assembly (4), a top plate (9) is installed on the screw of the screw lifting platform (5), the screw lifting platform (5) is connected to the lifting plate (2) through the top plate (9), rotating shafts (8) are rotatably installed on both sides of the brake assembly (4), a rotating rod (6) is installed on the rotating shaft (8), and the other end of the rotating rod (6) is connected to the push plate (11); The lifting plate (2) is provided with through grooves (10) on both sides, and an inclined slide groove (13) is provided on the inner wall of the through groove (10). A rubber pad (12) is installed on the top of the push plate (11), and inclined sliders (14) are installed on both sides of the rubber pad (12). The inclined sliders (14) and the inclined slide grooves (13) are slidably matched. When the screw lifting platform (5) drives the lifting plate (2) to move upward, the inclined sliders (14) cooperate with the inclined slide grooves (13), and the rotating rod (6) drives the push plate (11) and the rubber pad (12) to slide toward the bottom of the inclined slide groove (13), so that the rubber pad (12) gradually moves into the through groove (10); when the lifting plate (2) moves downward, the rotating rod (6) drives the push plate (11) and the rubber pad (12) to slide toward the top of the inclined slide groove (13), so that the rubber pad (12) gradually moves out of the through groove (10); The brake assembly (4) comprises a brake box (403), a vertically sliding metal block (404) is installed in the brake box (403), the two sides of the metal block (404) are connected to brake blocks (406) via connecting rods (405), and the brake blocks (406) press against the rotating shaft (8); the brake blocks (406) are driven by the vertically moving metal block (404) to brake the rotating shaft (8); The brake assembly (4) further comprises a placement platform (401), the placement platform (401) being installed in the brake box (403), an electromagnetic suction cup (402) being installed on the placement platform (401), the electromagnetic suction cup (402) sucking the metal block (404), and a return spring being installed between the placement platform (401) and the metal block (404); The top of the lifting plate (2) is provided with a placement groove (19), a rigid plate (3) is slidably mounted in the placement groove (19), a rack (16) is mounted in the placement groove (19), a stepper motor (21) is mounted on the rigid plate (3), an output end of the stepper motor (21) is connected to a transmission gear (20), and the transmission gear (20) is meshed with the rack (16).

2. A test device for rail vehicle vibration damping test according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip-shaped slider (15) is installed in the placement groove (19), a support plate (17) is installed at the bottom of the rigid plate (3), a positive slide groove (18) is provided on the support plate (17), and the positive slide groove (18) and the strip-shaped slider (15) are slidably matched.

3. A test device for rail vehicle vibration damping test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepper motor (21) is connected to a level meter, and the level meter measures the inner and outer rails.

4. The test device for rail vehicle vibration damping test according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic telescopic rod (7) is installed between the side wall of the rotating rod (6) and the box body (1).

5. A test method for vibration damping test of railway vehicles, characterized in that: The method is applied to a test device for rail vehicle vibration damping test as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 above, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S1: placing a test device for rail vehicle vibration damping test horizontally at the bottom of the vehicle body under test, and the screw lifting platform (5) drives the lifting plate (2) and the rigid plate (3) to move upward through the top plate (9), and gradually lifts up the vehicle body through the rigid plate (3), so that the vehicle body under test is separated from the rails; Step S2: When the rigid plate (3) lifts up the vehicle body, the lifting plate (2) drives the rotating rod (6) to rotate along the rotating shaft (8) through the sliding cooperation between the inclined sliding block (14) and the inclined sliding groove (13). At the same time, the rotating rod (6) drives the push plate (11) and the rubber pad (12) to slide toward the bottom of the inclined sliding groove (13), so that the rubber pad (12) moves into the through groove (10); Step S3: When the body of the vehicle under test is lifted to a preset height, the screw lifting platform (5) is closed; Step S4: starting the electromagnetic suction cup (402), the electromagnetic suction cup (402) adsorbs the metal block (404), causing the metal block (404) to move downward, and the metal block (404) pushes the brake block (406) to move toward the rotating shaft (8) through the connecting rod (405), causing the brake block (406) to press against the rotating shaft (8), and the rotating shaft (8) is braked by the brake block (406), thereby fixing the height of the vehicle body; Step S5: controlling the top plate (9) to move downward by means of the screw lifting platform (5) so that the top plate (9) is separated from the lifting plate (2); Step S6: closing the electromagnetic suction cup (402), causing the metal block (404) to reset under the action of the reset spring, and at the same time the brake block (406) is separated from the rotating shaft (8), driving the rigid plate (3) and the lifting plate (2) to move downward under the deadweight of the vehicle body; Step S7: The lifting plate (2) moves downward to drive the rotating rod (6) to rotate along the rotating shaft (8). Under the action of the sliding cooperation between the inclined sliding block (14) and the inclined sliding groove (13), the rotating rod (6) drives the push plate (11) and the rubber pad (12) to slide toward the top of the inclined sliding groove (13), so that the rubber pad (12) moves out of the through groove (10). As the rubber pad (12) moves, the rubber pad (12) gradually becomes higher than the rigid plate (3). When the wheels of the vehicle body impact the rails, the rigid plate (3) can provide buffering in time.

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