Sampling device for saline-alkali soil and sampling method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil sampling, in particular to a saline-alkali soil sampling device and a sampling method.The saline-alkali soil sampling device comprises a drill gun and a drill bit arranged on one side of the drill gun, a drilling assembly is arranged on the drill bit, and sampling assemblies are arranged in the drill bit in an array mode; the sampling assembly is used for performing depth positioning sampling on a soil sample in the saline-alkali soil, a built-in cylinder is arranged in the drill bit, the depth of a sampled soil layer can be consistent, it is ensured that when the soil is sampled, the taken-out soil sample is located on the same horizontal plane of the saline-alkali soil, and the accuracy of subsequent data cannot be affected; meanwhile, the soil on the cutting plate is stored in the collecting box through falling of the collecting box, so that the situation that cross contamination occurs when the soil sample is taken out of the ground to be stored is avoided, and microorganisms, enzyme activity, organic substances and the like in the soil cannot be influenced by factors such as light and oxygen to be changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil sampling, in particular to a saline-alkali soil sampling device and a sampling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sampling of saline-alkali soil can determine the salinity of the saline-alkali land by measuring the salt and alkaline content in the soil, thereby evaluating the degree and type of salinization. The sampling of the entire saline-alkali soil is of great significance in many aspects, such as evaluating the degree of salinization, formulating improvement plans, and monitoring improvement effects. Therefore, in saline-alkali land management and agricultural production, it is necessary to attach great importance to soil sampling to ensure the scientificity and accuracy of sampling.

[0003] The commonly used soil sampler is a device similar to a soil shovel when in use. When sampling saline-alkali land, the entire sampling shovel is rotated to make it easier to cut harder soil, and the front end of the sampling shovel is inserted into the soil to take out larger pieces of soil samples. After taking out the soil sample, a part of it is removed and placed in a prepared sealed bag for sealing to complete the entire sampling process.

[0004] When the above devices are in use, the soil on the saline-alkali land is often hard in texture. When using such tools for sampling, it often encounters greater resistance. This requires the staff to apply greater force so that the soil shovel can smoothly penetrate into the soil. In this process, the staff cannot control the force they apply. Therefore, when sampling, the force applied may be too small or too large, resulting in the inability to determine the soil layer that the soil shovel enters. When randomly sampling the saline-alkali land, the staff cannot ensure that the sampling depth of the soil is consistent each time the soil shovel takes out the soil sample. This results in the accuracy of the data being affected due to the different depths of soil sample removal in subsequent analysis and testing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a soil sampling device for saline-alkali land and a sampling method thereof, which have the function of achieving consistency in the depth of the sampled soil layer, ensuring that when sampling the soil, the soil samples taken are at the same horizontal plane of the saline-alkali land, and will not affect the accuracy of subsequent data.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a soil sampling device for saline-alkali land and a sampling method thereof, comprising a drill gun and a drill bit arranged on one side of the drill gun, a slide groove is provided inside the drill gun, and a placement opening is provided on the surface of the drill gun, a drilling assembly is provided on the drill bit, a sampling assembly is provided in an array inside the drill bit, an internal cylinder is provided inside the drill bit, and an entry opening is provided on the internal cylinder; The sampling assembly includes a pushing ring plate movably arranged on the built-in cylinder and located at the entrance, a cutting plate arranged at the end of the pushing ring plate away from the built-in cylinder, a collecting bottom plate movably arranged on the cutting plate, a telescopic rod symmetrically arranged on the side of the collecting bottom plate away from the cutting plate, a collecting box arranged at the end of the telescopic rod away from the collecting bottom plate, and an upper sealing plate movably arranged inside the collecting box.

[0007] Preferably, beads are arranged in an array on the collecting bottom plate, and buckle locks are arranged in an array on one side of the collecting box close to the collecting bottom plate.

[0008] Preferably, the drilling assembly includes an external tooth saw arranged on the side of the drill bit away from the drill gun, an internal tooth saw arranged on the side of the drill bit close to the external tooth saw, a gear ring arranged on the end of the internal tooth saw away from the external tooth saw, an inner feed plate arranged on the end of the drill bit close to the internal tooth saw, an array of rotating gears arranged on the side of the inner feed plate close to the gear ring, and a motor arranged on the rotating gear.

[0009] Preferably, the outer tooth saw is provided with a matching groove at one end away from the drill bit, and the inner tooth saw is provided with spherical rods in an array at one end close to the matching groove, and the spherical rods are engaged and slidably engaged with the matching groove.

[0010] Preferably, a lifting plate is arranged in an array on the built-in cylinder, a sliding rod is arranged in an array on the lifting plate, and one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the built-in cylinder, and a first spring is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod.

[0011] Preferably, a support plate is symmetrically arranged inside the drill bit, and locking grooves are arranged in an array on the support plate, a driving assembly is arranged on the support plate, and the driving assembly is used to drive the sampling assembly to enter the interior of the built-in tube for sampling, an upper support plate is arranged on the collecting box, a blocking plate is arranged on the side of the upper support plate away from the collecting box, a telescopic sleeve is arranged on the blocking plate, a multi-stage air pipe is arranged on the side of the blocking plate away from the upper support plate, a delivery pipe is arranged on the end of the multi-stage air pipe away from the blocking plate, an air bag is arranged on one end of the delivery pipe, and the air bag is fixedly connected to the drill gun.

[0012] Preferably, the upper support plate is provided with limit rods in an array, and the limit rods are slidably connected to the upper support plate, and a positioning rod is movably provided on the limit rod, and a second spring is sleeved on the positioning rod.

[0013] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a rotating tooth plate movably arranged on one side of the supporting plate, a matching tooth plate movably arranged on an end of the rotating tooth plate away from the supporting plate, a positioning plate movably arranged on the matching tooth plate, a locking block movably arranged on the supporting plate, and a driving plate arranged on an end of the locking block away from the rotating tooth plate.

[0014] Preferably, a push rod is movably provided inside the drill gun, a limit block is arranged in an array on the push rod, a threaded barrel is sleeved inside the push rod, and the threaded barrel and the push rod are screwed together, and a sliding plate is provided on the drill gun.

[0015] The present invention also provides a sampling method for a saline-alkali land soil sampling device, the purpose of which is to ensure that the depth of the soil samples taken out remains consistent in the prior art, so that the soil samples taken out are all located on the same horizontal plane under the ground, avoiding the influence of subsequent detection results due to different depths of soil sampling in the later stage.

[0016] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a soil sampling device for saline-alkali land and a sampling method thereof, comprising the following steps: First, the drill bit is brought close to the ground and the motor is started. The rotating gear is driven by the rotating shaft on the motor to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the gear ring to rotate synchronously, so that the entire inner tooth saw rotates. Under the rotation of the inner tooth saw and the outer tooth saw, the interlaced shearing force is formed to shear the contacted soil, so that the drill bit can vertically enter the soil, and the soil to be sampled can enter the built-in cylinder through the inner entry plate; Next, when the entire drill bit reaches the final position, the driving plate is pulled to drive the engaging block to descend synchronously. Under the squeezing of the rotating tooth plate by the engaging block, the rotating tooth plate pushes the matching tooth plate to rotate synchronously. At this moment, the mutually meshing matching tooth plates transmit power, thereby driving the driving ring plate to move horizontally, pushing the collection box set on the cutting plate into the interior of the built-in cylinder. At the same time, the multi-stage air pipe set on the blocking plate will expand in coordination with the movement of the blocking plate. Subsequently, the air bag on the drilling gun is squeezed to squeeze the gas therein into the interior of the telescopic sleeve through the delivery pipe, so that the telescopic sleeve will push the upper support plate to drive the collection box to descend. Then, when the collecting box and the collecting bottom plate are fitted together, the ring plate is pushed to reset, and the collecting box can be taken out through the placement opening set on one side of the drill bit. During the whole process, the soil sample can be prevented from being contaminated by contact with the surrounding environment. Finally, by rotating the set threaded cylinder, the push rod is made to descend along the slide groove under the action of the limit block and the slide groove inside the drill gun, thereby pushing out all the remaining soil inside the drill gun. Then, the push rod is reset by rotating the threaded cylinder in the opposite direction, completing the pushing out of the soil inside the entire drill gun, which is convenient for subsequent sampling.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention samples the soil in the built-in cylinder through a collecting box arranged on a cutting board. During the sampling process, the soil is transversely cut by the cutting board to separate the soil that is stuck together, so that the broken soil falls on the cutting board. Then, the soil on the cutting board is collected in the collecting box by the falling of the collecting box, thereby avoiding cross contamination when the soil sample is collected after being taken out of the ground. At the same time, the position of the collecting box remains unchanged during the sampling process, so that when sampling is performed at any point in the saline-alkali land, the soil samples taken out are all located on the same horizontal plane under the ground, ensuring that the depth of soil sampling will not affect the subsequent test results in the later stage; 2. When the drill bit is placed on saline-alkali land for sampling, the outer tooth saw and the inner tooth saw are used to shear the area, thereby cutting the soil in the area so that the soil can smoothly enter the built-in tube. When the drill gun contacts the ground, it means that the drill bit has reached the final position. At this time, the soil sample inside the built-in tube can be sampled through the collection box; 3. During the process, the collection box and the collection bottom plate are locked together by the lock block and the lock core, so that the soil stored in the collection box will be in a light-proof and sealed environment, so that the microorganisms, enzyme activity and organic matter in the soil will not be affected by factors such as light and oxygen and change. At the same time, the sealed state can also minimize the loss of water in the soil sample and maintain the humidity of the soil sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall explosion structure of the device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal half-section structure of the drill bit of the device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the drilling assembly structure of the device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the connection structure on the inner cylinder of the device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the local structural connection outside the inner cylinder of the device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the sampling assembly of the device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collecting box of the device of the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure on the side of the inner cylinder of the device of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.10 The device of the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram in the middle.

[0028] Fig.11 The device of the present invention Fig. 9 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0029] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of a partial enlarged cross-section of the upper support plate of the device of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.13 The device of the present invention Fig.12 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0031] Fig.14 It is a half-section schematic diagram of the connection structure between the inlet plate and the rotating gear in the device of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.15 The device of the present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0033] In the figure: 1, drilling gun; 11, pushing rod; 12, limiting block; 13, threaded barrel; 14, sliding plate; 2, drill bit; 21, matching groove; 3, drilling assembly; 31, external tooth saw; 32, internal tooth saw; 33, gear ring; 34, internal feed plate; 35, rotating gear; 36, motor; 37, spherical rod; 4, sampling assembly; 41, pushing ring plate; 42, cutting plate; 43, collecting bottom plate; 431, touching ball; 44, telescopic rod; 45, collecting box; 451, mounting Buckle lock; 46, upper sealing plate; 5, built-in cylinder; 51, lifting plate; 52, sliding rod; 53, first spring; 6, support plate; 61, engaging groove; 7, driving assembly; 71, rotating gear plate; 72, matching gear plate; 73, positioning plate; 74, engaging block; 75, driving plate; 8, upper support plate; 81, blocking plate; 82, telescopic sleeve; 83, multi-stage air pipe; 84, delivery pipe; 85, air bag; 86, limit rod; 87, positioning rod; 88, second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0035] See also Figures 1 to 10 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a technical solution: a soil sampling device for saline-alkali land, comprising a drill gun 1 and a drill bit 2 arranged on one side of the drill gun 1, a slide groove is provided inside the drill gun 1, and a placement port is provided on the surface of the drill gun 1, a drilling assembly 3 is provided on the drill bit 2, and the drilling assembly 3 is used to drill holes in the land to be sampled to separate the soil from the surrounding soil, a sampling assembly 4 is provided in the array inside the drill bit 2, and the sampling assembly 4 is used to perform deep positioning sampling of soil samples in saline-alkali land, an internal built-in cylinder 5 is provided inside the drill bit 2, and there is enough space between the internal built-in cylinder 5 and the drill bit 2 for convenient placement of the sampling assembly 4, when the soil enters the area where the internal built-in cylinder 5 is located along the inner entry plate 34, the soil inside the internal built-in cylinder 5 can be sampled through the set collection box 45, and the internal built-in cylinder 5 is provided with an entry port; The sampling assembly 4 includes a push ring plate 41 movably arranged on the built-in tube 5 and located at the entrance. The push ring plate 41 is a combination of an arc plate and a T-shaped plate, wherein the T-shaped plate has an inclined angle, which is used to cut the soil when the push ring plate 41 enters the built-in tube 5, so as to facilitate subsequent sampling. A cutting plate 42 is arranged at one end of the push ring plate 41 away from the built-in tube 5, and the cutting plate 42 is used to cut the soil transversely. A cutting edge is provided on the side of the cutting plate 42 close to the built-in tube 5. When the cutting plate 42 is driven by the push ring plate 41 to move toward the built-in tube 5, the soil contacting the cutting plate 42 will be cut by the cutting edge provided thereon, so that part of the soil can move along the cutting plate 42 to the upper surface of the cutting plate 42; The collecting bottom plate 43 is movably arranged on the cutting plate 42, and the collecting bottom plate 43 and the cutting plate 42 are at the same horizontal plane. When the soil enters the collecting bottom plate 43 along the cutting plate 42, the collecting box 45 can be lowered to collect and sample the soil on the collecting bottom plate 43. The telescopic rod 44 is symmetrically arranged on the side of the collecting bottom plate 43 away from the cutting plate 42, and the collecting box 45 is arranged on the end of the telescopic rod 44 away from the collecting bottom plate 43. When the collecting box 45 is lowered, it can be fitted with the collecting bottom plate 43. The collision beads 431 on the collecting bottom plate 43 cooperate with the buckle lock 451 set on one side of the collecting box 45, so that the collecting bottom plate 43 is clamped at the bottom of the collecting box 45 to form a sealing treatment. At the same time, the upper sealing plate 46 movably arranged inside the collecting box 45 will rise under the pressure of the soil. Under the movement of the upper sealing plate 46, a part of the soil will be sealed inside the entire collecting box 45 to avoid cross contamination affecting subsequent detection data. An upper sealing plate 46 is movably arranged inside the collecting box 45. When the collecting box 45 is sampling soil, the upper sealing plate 46 is pressed against the upper sealing plate 46 by the soil entering the collecting box 45, so that the upper sealing plate 46 is lifted up to allow the soil sample to smoothly enter the collecting box 45.

[0036] The collecting bottom plate 43 is provided with a bumping ball 431 in an array, and the collecting box 45 is provided with a buckle lock 451 in an array near the collecting bottom plate 43. The buckle lock 451 and the bumping ball 431 are of the DK101-3 spring impact lock model. The buckle lock 451 is assembled with two annular buckles and a conical spring. When the bumping ball 431 approaches the buckle lock 451, the buckle lock 451 will be squeezed to open outwards. Then, when the bumping ball 431 completely enters the buckle lock 451, the conical spring will push the annular buckle on the buckle lock 451 to reset, so that the collecting bottom plate 43 is locked at the bottom of the collecting box 45. At the same time, a guide extension rod is provided on the buckle lock 451, and a locking plate is provided on the end of the guide extension rod away from the buckle lock 451. The locking plate is used to cooperate with the groove opened on the collection box 45. When the soil sample needs to be taken out later, it is only necessary to pull the locking plate outward, and then pull the collection bottom plate 43 to release the locking state between the collection bottom plate 43 and the collection box 45.

[0037] The drilling assembly 3 includes an outer tooth saw 31 arranged on the side of the drill bit 2 away from the drill gun 1. Two outer tooth saws 31 are provided, and are fixedly connected to the inner and outer contours of the drill bit 2 respectively. The staggered teeth cooperate with the rotating inner tooth saw 32, and the contacted ground soil is sheared under the action of the two, so that the soil in this area is cut off. The inner tooth saw 32 is arranged on the side of the drill bit 2 close to the outer tooth saw 31. The inner tooth saw 32 and the drill bit 2 are engaged and slidable, and the teeth of the inner tooth saw 32 and the teeth of the outer tooth saw 31 are in a fitting relationship, so that when the inner tooth saw 32 rotates, it can form a shear with the outer tooth saw 31, thereby shearing the ground soil; A toothed ring 33 is arranged at one end of the inner toothed saw 32 away from the outer toothed saw 31, and the toothed ring 33 is used to form a meshing relationship with a rotating gear 35. When the rotating gear 35 with a motor 36 rotates, the toothed ring 33 is driven to rotate, so that the inner toothed saw 32 fixedly connected to the toothed ring 33 rotates; An inner entry plate 34 is arranged at one end of the drill bit 2 near the inner tooth saw 32, and is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 5. The inner entry plate 34 is a structure composed of a cylinder with a cavity and an annular V-plate. When the soil enters the circular cavity inside the drill bit 2 along the inner entry plate 34, the annular V-plate can provide support for the rotating gear 35, so as to prevent the rotating gear 35 from shaking and failing to drive the gear ring 33 to rotate normally. The array is arranged on the rotating gear 35 on the side of the inner feed plate 34 close to the gear ring 33. The rotating gear 35 and the inner feed plate 34 are in a locking and rotating relationship. At the same time, a part of the rotating gear 35 is located inside the matching groove 21 opened in the drill bit 2, so that when the rotating gear 35 is meshed with the gear ring 33, the supporting effect of the drill bit 2 on the external tooth saw 31 will not be affected by the overall diameter of the gear ring 33. The motor 36 arranged on the rotating gear 35 is arranged on one of the rotating gears 35, and the two are connected by a rotating shaft. The position of the motor 36 is located in the cavity between the inner feed plate 34 and the drill bit 2, and the motor 36 is supported by installing the motor 36 in the built-in slot of the drill bit 2.

[0038] The outer tooth saw 31 is provided with a matching groove 21 at one end away from the drill bit 2. The matching groove 21 is used to place the inner tooth saw 32 so that a staggered shear force is formed between the inner tooth saw 32 and the outer tooth saw 31, which is convenient for shearing the soil. At the same time, the matching groove 21 has an annular ball rod cutout for forming a snap-fitting and sliding relationship with the ball rod 37, so that the inner tooth saw 32 fixed to the ball rod 37 will not drive the entire drill bit 2 to rotate when rotating; The inner-tooth saw 32 is provided with a spherical rod 37 in an array at one end close to the matching groove 21, and the spherical rod 37 is engaged and slid with the matching groove 21. The spherical rod 37 is used to provide support for the entire inner-tooth saw 32. When the inner-tooth saw 32 rotates, the entire inner-tooth saw 32 will not leave the current position and will only rotate due to the engagement relationship between the spherical rod 37 and the matching groove 21.

[0039] A lifting plate 51 is arranged in an array on the built-in cylinder 5. The lifting plate 51 has a clamping plate on one side close to the support plate 6. The clamping plate fits into the notch opened on the built-in cylinder 5. When the lifting plate 51 is squeezed by the push ring plate 41 and thus descends, the lifting plate 51 will open the entrance on the built-in cylinder 5, so that the push ring plate 41 will drive the cutting plate 42 to enter the built-in cylinder 5 to cut the soil inside. The lifting plate 51 is provided with a sliding rod 52 in an array, and one end of the sliding rod 52 is fixedly connected to the built-in tube 5. The sliding rod 52 is located in a notch provided on the built-in tube 5. When the lifting plate 51 is lowered, the sliding rod 52 can limit the lifting plate 51 to prevent the lifting plate 51 from angularly deflecting when moving. A first spring 53 is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod 52. The first spring 53 is located in the space between the clamping plate on the lifting plate 51 and the groove of the built-in tube 5. When the lifting plate 51 is pushed down by the ring plate 41, the first spring 53 will be squeezed by the clamping plate and compressed. When the lifting plate 51 is no longer subjected to any external force, the lifting plate 51 will be reset under the action of the first spring 53, thereby sealing the entrance of the built-in tube 5 to prevent the soil inside the built-in tube 5 from entering the space between the built-in tube 5 and the drill bit 2 through this place.

[0040] During use, when the staff holds the drill gun 1 and walks to the area to be sampled, the staff brings the drill bit 2 close to the ground and then starts the motor 36. The rotating gear 35 is driven by the rotating shaft provided on the motor 36 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the gear ring 33 to rotate synchronously. Under the rotation of the gear ring 33, the entire inner tooth saw 32 rotates. During the rotation of the inner tooth saw 32, the spherical rod 37 provided on the gear ring 33 can slide synchronously in the spherical cutout on the matching groove 21. During the sliding process, the inner tooth saw 32 will not be separated from the drill bit 2 by the limiting of the matching groove 21, so that the inner tooth saw 32 can rotate inside the matching groove 21 on the drill bit 2. Under the staggered shearing force formed by the rotation of the inner tooth saw 32 and the outer tooth saw 31, the contacted soil is sheared, so that the drill bit 2 can vertically enter the soil, so that the soil to be sampled enters the built-in cylinder 5 through the inner feed plate 34; When the bottom of the drill gun 1 touches the ground, it means that the drill bit 2 has reached the limit position and the soil to be sampled has all entered the inner part of the built-in tube 5. Then, when the driving assembly 7 drives the push ring plate 41 to move, the push ring plate 41 drives the cutting plate 42 to cut the soil sample inside the built-in tube 5 horizontally, so that part of the soil sample falls on the upper surface of the cutting plate 42 under the pressure of the cutting plate 42. Then, the collecting box 45 is lowered to collect the soil sample on the cutting plate 42 inside the collecting box 45. In this process, the upper surface of the collecting box 45 is movable. The sealing plate 46 will be squeezed by the soil sample and thus rise. When the collecting box 45 contacts the collecting bottom plate 43, the bumping beads 431 arranged on the collecting bottom plate 43 will cooperate with the buckle lock 451 arranged on one side of the collecting box 45, so that the collecting bottom plate 43 is clamped at the bottom of the collecting box 45, forming a sealing process to lock the collecting bottom plate 43 at the bottom of the collecting box 45. After that, the pushing ring plate 41 is reset, and the collecting box 45 can be taken out through the placement port arranged on one side of the drill bit 2. In the whole process, the soil sample can be prevented from being contaminated by contact with the surrounding environment. Example 2

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 13 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: A support plate 6 is symmetrically arranged inside the drill bit 2, and an array of engaging grooves 61 is arranged on the support plate 6. The engaging grooves 61 are used to engage and slide with the engaging block 74. Under the movement of the engaging block 74, the rotating tooth plate 71 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the push ring plate 41 to extend into the built-in tube 5, so that the collection box 45 can collect and sample the soil sample. A driving component 7 is arranged on the support plate 6, and the driving component 7 is used to drive the sampling component 4 to enter the built-in tube 5 for sampling; An upper support plate 8 is provided on the collection box 45, and slots are provided at both ends of the upper support plate 8, so that the limiting rod 86 can be displaced to a certain extent. Two protrusions are provided on one side of the upper support plate 8, and the two protrusions can cooperate with the limiting holes provided on the collection box 45. When the collection box 45 is placed inside through the entrance of the drill bit 2, the collection box 45 can be locked in the current position through the cooperation of the two. A blocking plate 81 is provided on the side of the upper support plate 8 away from the collection box 45, and the blocking plate 81 is used to move with the upper support plate 8. When the collection box 45 moves with the upper support plate 8, the blocking plate 81 can push the soil sample higher than the collection box 45, thereby preventing a part of the soil from falling on the upper sealing plate 46 on the collection box 45, and preventing the upper sealing plate 46 from being smoothly lifted up due to soil accumulation; A telescopic sleeve 82 is provided on the blocking plate 81, and a multi-stage air pipe 83 is provided on the side of the blocking plate 81 away from the upper support plate 8. The multi-stage air pipe 83 is used to cooperate with the movement of the blocking plate 81. At the same time, the internal gas will be transported to push the telescopic sleeve 82 of the multi-stage air pipe 83 close to the upper support plate 8 to open, and under the action of the telescopic sleeve 82, the upper support plate 8 is pushed down with the collecting box 45. A delivery pipe 84 is provided at one end of the multi-stage air pipe 83 away from the blocking plate 81, and an air bag 85 is provided at one end of the delivery pipe 84, and the air bag 85 is fixedly connected to the drill gun 1.

[0042] A limit rod 86 is arranged in an array on the upper support plate 8, and the limit rod 86 is slidably connected to the upper support plate 8. A T-shaped limit block is arranged at one end of the limit rod 86 away from the upper support plate 8. The T-shaped limit block is used to clamp the bottom of the collection box 45 so that when the collection box 45 is placed, the collection box 45 can be separated from the collection bottom plate 43. A positioning rod 87 is movably arranged on the limit rod 86, and there is also a snap-fitting sliding relationship between the positioning rod 87 and the upper support plate 8. When the positioning rod 87 limits the lifting and lowering of the limit rod 86, the limit rod 86 can only move laterally. A second spring 88 is sleeved on the positioning rod 87. The second spring 88 is used to provide elastic force to facilitate the resetting of the limit rod 86.

[0043] The driving assembly 7 includes a rotating toothed plate 71 movably arranged on one side of the support plate 6. The rotating toothed plate 71 is rotatably connected to the support plate 6. When the rotating toothed plate 71 is squeezed by the engaging block 74 and rotates, it drives the matching toothed plate 72 to rotate, thereby driving the ring plate 41 to move horizontally through the matching toothed plate 72. The matching toothed plate 72 movably arranged at the end of the rotating toothed plate 71 away from the support plate 6 is meshed with each other through the half-shaped gears. When the rotating toothed plate 71 rotates and drives two of the matching toothed plates 72 to rotate, the contracted matching toothed plates 72 are fully opened through the meshing half-shaped gears. The positioning plate 73 is movably arranged on the mating tooth plate 72. The positioning plate 73 is located on four mating tooth plates 72 that mesh with each other to prevent the mating tooth plates 72 from being unable to mesh normally. The engaging block 74 is movably arranged on the support plate 6. When the engaging block 74 forms an engaging and sliding engagement with the support plate 6, it is in a U shape. Without forming any relationship with the rotating tooth plate 71, the rotating tooth plate 71 can be pressed by the engaging block 74 to make the rotating tooth plate 71 push the mating tooth plate 72 to rotate. A driving plate 75 is arranged at the end of the locking block 74 away from the rotating tooth plate 71, and the driving plate 75 is inserted into the drilling gun 1. Through the pull rod arranged on the driving plate 75, when the staff pulls the pull rod to lower the driving plate 75, the locking block 74 can be driven to descend synchronously to realize the driving of the rotating tooth plate 71. A sliding plate 14 is arranged under the pull rod under the drilling gun 1 to limit the pull rod, so as to prevent the driving plate 75 from automatically falling when it is not necessary.

[0044] During use, when the drill bit 2 reaches the final position, the engaging block 74 can be driven to descend synchronously by pulling the driving plate 75. Then, the engaging block 74 squeezes the rotating tooth plate 71, causing the rotating tooth plate 71 to push the matching tooth plate 72 to rotate synchronously. At this moment, the mutually meshing matching tooth plates 72 transmit power, thereby driving the pushing ring plate 41 to move horizontally, and pushing the collecting box 45 set on the cutting plate 42 into the interior of the built-in cylinder 5. In this process, the blocking plate 81 will block a part of the soil from falling onto the upper sealing plate 46 on the collection box 45, and the multi-stage air pipe 83 will expand in coordination with the movement of the blocking plate 81, and then the air bag 85 on the drilling gun 1 will be squeezed to squeeze the gas therein into the interior of the telescopic sleeve 82 through the delivery pipe 84, so that the telescopic sleeve 82 will push the upper support plate 8 to drive the collection box 45 to descend, thereby storing the soil sample under the collection box 45 in the collection box 45; At the same time, when the collection box 45 and the collection base plate 43 are fitted together, the limit rod 86 will be squeezed open so that the limit rod 86 will be separated from the locking relationship with the collection box 45. Then, the collection box 45 and the collection base plate 43 will be locked together by the bump bead 431 and the buckle lock 451. Then, by resetting the drive plate 75, the entire collection box 45 will be closed together and located on the cutting plate 42, so that the entire push ring plate 41 will be reset and moved to the initial position, completing the collection of the entire soil sample.

[0045] The remaining structures are the same as those of Example 1. Example 3

[0046] See also Figures 1 to 15 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in that: A push rod 11 is movably provided inside the drill gun 1. A circular plate is provided at one end of the push rod 11. The circular plate is consistent with the diameter of the soil entry area inside the drill gun 1. A thread is provided on the push rod 11 and is threadedly connected to a threaded barrel 13. When the threaded barrel 13 rotates, the push rod 11 can be displaced, thereby pushing out the soil entering the drill gun 1 to prevent the soil from remaining inside the drill gun 1 and affecting the next sampling and collection. A limit block 12 is provided in an array on the push rod 11. The limit block 12 is used to form a snap-fitting and sliding relationship with a slide groove inside the drill gun 1. When the push rod 11 is driven to move by the threaded barrel 13 screwed thereto, the limit block 12 can prevent the push rod 11 from rotating synchronously with the threaded barrel 13, so that the push rod 11 can only move downward. The threaded barrel 13 is sleeved inside the push rod 11, and the threaded barrel 13 is screwed to the push rod 11. When the threaded barrel 13 rotates, the push rod 11 can be displaced, thereby pushing out the soil that has entered the drill gun 1. A sliding plate 14 is provided on the drill gun 1, and the sliding plate 14 limits the pull rod by sliding horizontally on the surface of the drill gun 1.

[0047] During use, with the completion of sampling, a large amount of saline-alkali soil will remain inside the drill gun 1. By rotating the threaded barrel 13, the push rod 11 screwed on the threaded barrel 13 will not rotate under the action of the limit block 12 on the push rod 11 and the slide groove inside the drill gun 1. Under this action, the push rod 11 will descend along the slide groove, thereby pushing out all the remaining soil inside the drill gun 1. After the soil is pushed out, the push rod 11 is reset by rotating the threaded barrel 13 in the opposite direction, completing the pushing out of the soil inside the entire drill gun 1, which is convenient for subsequent sampling of saline-alkali soil in another location.

[0048] The remaining structures are the same as those of embodiments 1 and 2. Example 4

[0049] See also Figures 1 to 4 , which is the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and provides: a soil sampling device for saline-alkali land and a sampling method thereof, comprising the following steps: S1, firstly, by bringing the drill bit 2 close to the ground, starting the motor 36, the rotating gear 35 is driven by the rotating shaft provided on the motor 36 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the gear ring 33 to rotate synchronously, so that the entire inner tooth saw 32 rotates, and the inner tooth saw 32 rotates and forms a staggered shearing force with the outer tooth saw 31, so that the soil in contact is sheared, so that the drill bit 2 can vertically enter the soil, and the soil to be sampled can enter the built-in cylinder 5 through the inner entry plate 34; S2, then, when the entire drill bit 2 reaches the final position, the driving plate 75 is pulled to drive the engaging block 74 to descend synchronously, and the engaging block 74 squeezes the rotating tooth plate 71 to make the rotating tooth plate 71 push the matching tooth plate 72 to rotate synchronously. At this moment, the mutually meshing matching tooth plates 72 transmit power, thereby driving the pushing ring plate 41 to move horizontally, and the collecting box 45 arranged on the cutting plate 42 is pushed into the interior of the built-in tube 5. At the same time, the multi-stage air pipe 83 arranged on the blocking plate 81 will cooperate with the movement of the blocking plate 81 to extend, and then the air bag 85 on the drilling gun 1 is squeezed to squeeze the gas therein into the interior of the telescopic sleeve 82 through the delivery pipe 84, so that the telescopic sleeve 82 will push the upper support plate 8 to drive the collecting box 45 to descend; S3, when the collecting box 45 and the collecting bottom plate 43 are fitted together, the limiting rod 86 will be squeezed to open so that the limiting rod 86 is separated from the locking relationship with the collecting box 45, and then the bumping ball 431 set on the collecting bottom plate 43 will cooperate with the buckle lock 451 set on one side of the collecting box 45, so that the collecting bottom plate 43 is clamped at the bottom of the collecting box 45 to form a sealing process to lock the collecting bottom plate 43 at the bottom of the collecting box 45, and then the push ring plate 41 is reset, and the collecting box 45 can be taken out through the placement port set on one side of the drill bit 2, and the soil sample can be prevented from being contaminated by contact with the surrounding environment during the whole process; S4, finally, by rotating the threaded cylinder 13, the push rod 11 is made to descend along the slide groove under the action of the limit block 12 and the slide groove inside the drill gun 1, so that all the residual soil inside the drill gun 1 is pushed out, and then the push rod 11 is reset by rotating the threaded cylinder 13 in the opposite direction, completing the pushing out of the soil inside the entire drill gun 1, which is convenient for subsequent sampling.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for saline-alkali land, comprising a drill gun (1) and a drill bit (2) arranged on one side of the drill gun (1), wherein a slide groove is provided inside the drill gun (1), and a placement opening is provided on the surface of the drill gun (1), characterized in that: The drill bit (2) is provided with a drilling assembly (3), the interior of the drill bit (2) is provided with a sampling assembly (4) in an array, the interior of the drill bit (2) is provided with an internal cylinder (5), and the internal cylinder (5) is provided with an entry port; The sampling assembly (4) comprises a push ring plate (41) movably arranged on the built-in cylinder (5) and located at the entrance, a cutting plate (42) arranged at an end of the push ring plate (41) away from the built-in cylinder (5), a collecting bottom plate (43) movably arranged on the cutting plate (42), a telescopic rod (44) symmetrically arranged on a side of the collecting bottom plate (43) away from the cutting plate (42), a collecting box (45) arranged at an end of the telescopic rod (44) away from the collecting bottom plate (43), and an upper sealing plate (46) movably arranged inside the collecting box (45).

2. The soil sampling device for saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting bottom plate (43) is provided with beads (431) in an array, and the collecting box (45) is provided with buckle locks (451) in an array on one side close to the collecting bottom plate (43).

3. The soil sampling device for saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling assembly (3) comprises an external tooth saw (31) arranged on a side of the drill bit (2) away from the drill gun (1), an internal tooth saw (32) arranged on a side of the drill bit (2) close to the external tooth saw (31), a tooth ring (33) arranged on an end of the internal tooth saw (32) away from the external tooth saw (31), an inner feed plate (34) arranged on an end of the drill bit (2) close to the internal tooth saw (32), a rotating gear (35) arranged in an array on a side of the internal feed plate (34) close to the tooth ring (33), and a motor (36) arranged on the rotating gear (35).

4. The soil sampling device for saline-alkali land according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer tooth saw (31) is provided with a matching groove (21) at one end away from the drill bit (2), and the inner tooth saw (32) is provided with spherical rods (37) in an array at one end close to the matching groove (21), and the spherical rods (37) are engaged and slidably engaged with the matching groove (21).

5. The device for sampling saline-alkali soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The built-in cylinder (5) is provided with a lifting plate (51) in an array, and the lifting plate (51) is provided with a sliding rod (52) in an array, and one end of the sliding rod (52) is fixedly connected to the built-in cylinder (5), and a first spring (53) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod (52).

6. The device for sampling saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support plate (6) is symmetrically arranged inside the drill bit (2), and an array of engaging grooves (61) is arranged on the support plate (6). A driving assembly (7) is arranged on the support plate (6), and the driving assembly (7) is used to drive the sampling assembly (4) to enter the interior of the built-in tube (5) for sampling. An upper support plate (8) is arranged on the collection box (45), and a blocking plate (81) is arranged on the side of the upper support plate (8) away from the collection box (45). A telescopic sleeve (82) is arranged on the blocking plate (81). A multi-stage air pipe (83) is arranged on the side of the blocking plate (81) away from the upper support plate (8), and a delivery pipe (84) is arranged on one end of the multi-stage air pipe (83) away from the blocking plate (81). An air bag (85) is arranged on one end of the delivery pipe (84), and the air bag (85) is fixedly connected to the drill gun (1).

7. The device for sampling soil in saline-alkali land according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper support plate (8) is provided with a limit rod (86) in an array, and the limit rod (86) is slidably connected to the upper support plate (8), and a positioning rod (87) is movably provided on the limit rod (86), and a second spring (88) is sleeved on the positioning rod (87).

8. The device for sampling saline-alkali soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly (7) comprises a rotating tooth plate (71) movably arranged on one side of the supporting plate (6), a matching tooth plate (72) movably arranged on an end of the rotating tooth plate (71) away from the supporting plate (6), a positioning plate (73) movably arranged on the matching tooth plate (72), a locking block (74) movably arranged on the supporting plate (6), and a driving plate (75) arranged on an end of the locking block (74) away from the rotating tooth plate (71).

9. The device for sampling soil in saline-alkali land according to claim 8, characterized in that: A push rod (11) is movably arranged inside the drill gun (1), and a limit block (12) is arranged in an array on the push rod (11). A threaded cylinder (13) is sleeved inside the push rod (11), and the threaded cylinder (13) and the push rod (11) are screwed together. A sliding plate (14) is arranged on the drill gun (1).

10. A sampling method for a saline-alkali soil sampling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: First, the drill bit (2) is brought close to the ground and the motor (36) is started. The rotating gear (35) is driven by the rotating shaft provided on the motor (36) to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the gear ring (33) to rotate synchronously, so that the entire inner tooth saw (32) rotates. Under the staggered shearing force formed by the rotation of the inner tooth saw (32) and the outer tooth saw (31), the soil in contact is sheared, so that the drill bit (2) can vertically enter the soil, and the soil to be sampled can enter the built-in cylinder (5) through the inner entry plate (34); Next, when the entire drill bit (2) reaches the final position, the driving plate (75) is pulled to drive the engaging block (74) to descend synchronously. Under the squeezing of the rotating tooth plate (71) by the engaging block (74), the rotating tooth plate (71) pushes the matching tooth plate (72) to rotate synchronously. At this moment, the mutually meshing matching tooth plates (72) transmit power, thereby driving the driving ring plate (41) to move horizontally, pushing the collection box (45) arranged on the cutting plate (42) into the interior of the built-in cylinder (5). At the same time, the multi-stage air pipe (83) arranged on the blocking plate (81) will expand in coordination with the movement of the blocking plate (81). Subsequently, by squeezing the air bag (85) on the drill gun (1), the gas therein is squeezed into the interior of the telescopic sleeve (82) through the delivery pipe (84), so that the telescopic sleeve (82) will push the upper support plate (8) to drive the collection box (45) to descend. Then, when the collecting box (45) and the collecting bottom plate (43) are fitted together, the ring plate (41) is pushed to reset, and the collecting box (45) can be taken out through the placement opening provided on one side of the drill bit (2). During the whole process, the soil sample can be prevented from being contaminated by contact with the surrounding environment. Finally, by rotating the threaded cylinder (13), the push rod (11) is moved down along the slide groove under the action of the limit block (12) and the slide groove inside the drill gun (1), so that all the soil remaining inside the drill gun (1) is pushed out. Then, by resetting the push rod (11) by rotating the threaded cylinder (13) in the opposite direction, the soil inside the entire drill gun (1) is pushed out, which is convenient for subsequent sampling.

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