A method and system for seismic data spectral decomposition based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform seismic data spectral decomposition method and system, comprising: three-dimensional seismic data is transformed to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data;The amplitude spectrum analysis is carried out to the complex three-dimensional seismic data in the preset range of purpose layer position, and effective frequency band is obtained;In effective frequency band, determine the frequency sequence of spectral decomposition;Based on target wavelet parameter, the frequency sequence of spectral decomposition is converted to scale sequence;The complex three-dimensional seismic data under each scale is carried out three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, and the corresponding three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient is obtained;Based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient, the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient corresponding to each scale under optimal angle is determined;The three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient corresponding to optimal angle is converted to obtain spectral decomposition result.The present application can fully consider the correlation of seismic data in spatial direction when carrying out spectral decomposition to three-dimensional data, and can significantly improve the anti-noise performance of spectral decomposition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and more particularly to a method and system for decomposing seismic data spectrum based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. Background Art

[0002] Seismic exploration is a highly effective geophysical method in the search for oil, gas, and coal fields, encompassing seismic data processing and interpretation. Spectral decomposition is a key method in seismic data interpretation. Reflected waves from the upper and lower interfaces of thin strata exhibit characteristic frequency-domain characteristics that indicate the depth of the strata. This unique tuning exhibits a distinct frequency-domain response, with the frequency-domain notch period dependent on the thickness of the strata. The greater the frequency-domain notch period, the smaller the discernible thickness. Spectral decomposition of seismic data can resolve the thickness of thin strata beyond the typical 1 / 4 wavelength limit, enabling the detection of thin and laterally discontinuous geological anomalies, such as river channel sand bodies and faults of varying magnitudes.

[0003] The existing seismic data spectrum decomposition methods mainly include:

[0004] Prior Art 1: Fourier Transform: This method performs a Fourier transform on the entire seismic data to obtain the individual frequency components. This method has the following disadvantages: it lacks temporal resolution and cannot account for the spatial correlation of high-dimensional seismic data.

[0005] Prior Art 2: Short-Time Fourier Transform: This method uses a window function to intercept a signal segment at each time point and then performs a Fourier transform on the intercepted signal to obtain the local frequency components. Disadvantages of this method include poor frequency resolution, limited by the uncertainty principle, and inability to account for spatial correlation in high-dimensional seismic data.

[0006] Prior Art 3: Continuous Wavelet Transform: This method scales and translates a mother wavelet to form a series of wavelet families, then performs an inner product of the wavelet families with the one-dimensional seismic data to obtain a series of continuous wavelet transform coefficients. This method has the following disadvantages: poor frequency resolution, constrained by the uncertainty principle; difficulty selecting the mother wavelet; the result is in the time-scale domain, which requires conversion to frequency; and it cannot account for the spatial correlation of high-dimensional seismic data.

[0007] Prior Art 4: Generalized S-transform: This method scales and translates basis functions according to frequency to form a family of basis functions. This family of basis functions is then inner-producted with one-dimensional seismic data to produce a series of transform coefficients. This method has the following drawbacks: poor frequency resolution, constrained by the uncertainty principle; difficulty selecting basis functions; and an inability to account for spatial correlation in high-dimensional seismic data.

[0008] Prior Art 5: Matching pursuit methods: This method first designs a series of basis functions based on the characteristics of the seismic wavelet. Then, the basis function with the largest inner product coefficient is gradually selected from the inner product of the series of basis functions with the seismic data, thereby decomposing the one-dimensional seismic data into a weighted sum of many basis functions. Conventional time-frequency analysis tools are used to obtain the time-frequency spectrum for each basis function, and finally the time-frequency spectrum of all the basis functions constituting the signal is added together to obtain the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic data. The disadvantages of this method are: the design of the basis functions is relatively difficult; the results are not unique during the iterative solution process; the computational complexity is large; and the spatial correlation of high-dimensional seismic data is not considered, resulting in poor spatial directional stability. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for decomposing seismic data spectrum based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform in response to the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to construct a seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, which includes the following steps:

[0011] Transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data;

[0012] Performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of a target horizon to obtain an effective frequency band;

[0013] determining a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band;

[0014] Converting the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on target wavelet parameters;

[0015] Performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculating the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale;

[0016] Determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale;

[0017] The coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale are converted to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

[0018] In the method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention, transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data includes:

[0019] Performing Hilbert transform on each piece of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data.

[0020] In the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention, performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of the target horizon to obtain an effective frequency band includes:

[0021] Performing Fourier transform on each piece of seismic data in the complex three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of each piece of seismic data;

[0022] Accumulate the amplitude spectra of all seismic traces in the spatial direction to obtain the cumulative energy spectrum of the entire 3D seismic data;

[0023] Integrating the accumulated energy spectrum in the frequency direction to obtain total energy;

[0024] The effective frequency band is determined according to the total energy.

[0025] In the method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention, determining the effective frequency band according to the total energy includes:

[0026] Calculating based on the total energy and in combination with the first calculation formula to obtain the low-frequency end of the effective frequency band;

[0027] Calculating based on the total energy and in combination with a second calculation formula to obtain the high frequency end of the effective frequency band;

[0028] The effective frequency band is obtained based on the low-frequency end and the high-frequency end.

[0029] In the method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention, determining the spectral decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band includes:

[0030] The effective frequency band is decomposed according to the decomposition quantity and the decomposition interval to obtain the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence.

[0031] In the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform described in the present invention, the target wavelet parameter is a three-dimensional Morlay wavelet;

[0032] The three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale are calculated, including:

[0033] A three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale based on the three-dimensional Morlay wavelet, and coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale are calculated.

[0034] In the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention, determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale includes:

[0035] The coefficients of the three-dimensional connected wavelet transform at each scale are optimized to obtain the optimal inclination and azimuth at the equilibrium position;

[0036] Based on the optimal inclination angle and azimuth angle, the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale are determined.

[0037] The present invention also provides a seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, comprising:

[0038] A transformation unit, used for transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data;

[0039] an amplitude spectrum analysis unit, configured to perform amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of a target horizon to obtain an effective frequency band;

[0040] a frequency decomposition unit, configured to determine a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band;

[0041] a scale conversion unit, configured to convert the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on target wavelet parameters;

[0042] A wavelet transform unit is used to perform a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculate the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale;

[0043] A selection unit, configured to determine the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale;

[0044] The spectrum conversion unit is used to convert the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

[0045] The present invention also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is suitable for being loaded by a processor to execute the steps of the above-mentioned method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform.

[0046] The present invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the steps of the above-mentioned method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

[0047] The present invention provides a method and system for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, which has the following beneficial effects: comprising: transforming three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data; performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of a target layer to obtain an effective frequency band; determining a spectral decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band; converting the spectral decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on target wavelet parameters; performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale to obtain corresponding three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficients; determining the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficients corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficients; and converting the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficients corresponding to the optimal angle to obtain a spectral decomposition result. The present invention can fully consider the correlation of seismic data in the spatial direction when performing spectral decomposition on three-dimensional data, and can significantly improve the noise resistance performance of the spectral decomposition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0049] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 A two-dimensional profile of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 A two-dimensional section of complex three-dimensional seismic data obtained by synthesizing three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 Time slices of the synthetic 3D seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 The time slice of the complex 3D seismic data obtained by synthesizing the 3D seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 The process of selecting effective frequency bands for synthesizing 3D seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 A two-dimensional profile of the 10 Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 The time slice of the 10 Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0057] Figure 9A two-dimensional profile of the 3D continuous wavelet transform 30Hz spectrum decomposition result of the synthetic 3D seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 10 The time slice of the 3D continuous wavelet transform 30Hz spectrum decomposition result of the synthetic 3D seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0059] Figure 11 A two-dimensional profile of the 50Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 12 The time slice of the 50Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0061] Figure 13 It is a principle block diagram of the seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, which can solve the problem that the existing single-channel seismic data spectrum decomposition cannot consider the spatial correlation and noise resistance of the data.

[0064] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform includes the following steps:

[0065] Step S101: transforming the 3D seismic data to obtain complex 3D seismic data.

[0066] In some embodiments, transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data includes performing a Hilbert transform on each seismic data track of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data.

[0067] Specifically, the 3D seismic data of the work area after migration and stacking is recorded as s(x, y, t), where x, y, and t represent the indicators of the 3D seismic data in the x, y, and t directions, respectively. By performing a Hilbert transform on each seismic data track in the 3D seismic data (i.e., with fixed x and y), the complex 3D seismic data sh(x, y, t) can be obtained:

[0068]

[0069] (1) In the formula, j is the imaginary unit and τ is the temporary integral variable. For the convenience of description, x, y and t are denoted as a vector x (i.e. x = [xyt] T ), the three-dimensional seismic data can be recorded as s(x), and the complex three-dimensional seismic data can be recorded as sh(x).

[0070] Step S102: performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of the target layer to obtain an effective frequency band.

[0071] In some embodiments, performing amplitude spectrum analysis on complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of a target horizon to obtain an effective frequency band includes: performing Fourier transform on each seismic data trace in the complex 3D seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum for each seismic data trace; accumulating the amplitude spectra of all seismic traces in the spatial direction to obtain an accumulated energy spectrum for the entire 3D seismic data; integrating the accumulated energy spectrum in the frequency direction to obtain a total energy; and determining an effective frequency band based on the total energy. Determining the effective frequency band based on the total energy includes: calculating based on the total energy in combination with a first calculation formula to obtain a low-frequency end of the effective frequency band; calculating based on the total energy in combination with a second calculation formula to obtain a high-frequency end of the effective frequency band; and obtaining the effective frequency band based on the low-frequency end and the high-frequency end.

[0072] Specifically, let the target horizon function be ht(x,y), and perform Fourier transform on each seismic data in the complex 3D seismic data sh(x,y,t) within t0 seconds above and below the target horizon (i.e., the preset range of the target horizon) to obtain the amplitude spectrum SH(x,y,f) of the single-channel data (each seismic channel):

[0073]

[0074] (2) In the formula, |z| represents the absolute value of the complex number z. The amplitude spectra SH(x, y, f) of all seismic traces are accumulated in the spatial direction to obtain the cumulative energy spectrum SH of the entire 3D seismic data. aver (f):

[0075] SH aver (f)=|∫∫SH(x,y,f)dxdy| 2 (3).

[0076] The accumulated energy spectrum SH aver (f) Integrate in the frequency direction to obtain the total energy:

[0077]

[0078] Therefore, by setting the threshold thre_ratio (usually set to 0.05), the low-frequency end f of the effective frequency band can be obtained by solving the following formula: min :

[0079]

[0080] Solving the following equation can obtain the high frequency end f of the effective frequency band max :

[0081]

[0082] Among them, formula (5) is the first calculation formula, and formula (6) is the second calculation formula.

[0083] Step S103: determining a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band.

[0084] In some embodiments, determining the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band includes: decomposing the effective frequency band according to the decomposition quantity and the decomposition interval to obtain the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence.

[0085] The number of decompositions and the decomposition interval can be determined according to the actual spectrum decomposition, and the present invention does not impose any specific restrictions. For example, assuming that the effective frequency band is [f min ,f max ], in the effective frequency band [f min ,f max ] to select the frequency sequence of spectrum decomposition of interest. Suppose the frequency sequence containing K frequencies is {f1,f2,…,f k ,…,f K}.

[0086] Step S104: Convert the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on the target wavelet parameters.

[0087] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the target wavelet parameter is a three-dimensional Morlet wavelet, that is, a three-dimensional Morlet wavelet, which can be expressed as ψ Mor (x) represents that its spatial domain expression is as follows:

[0088] Ψ Mor (x)=exp(iσx)exp(-0.5|Ax| 2 ) (7).

[0089] (7) In the formula, σ is the modulation wave vector, which is in the following form:

[0090]

[0091] σ t The value of must usually be greater than 5.33; A is the anisotropic matrix, the specific form is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Suppose there is a frequency sequence {f1, f2, ..., f k ,…,f K} is converted to a scale sequence as follows:

[0094]

[0095] Step S105: performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculating coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0096] In some embodiments, performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale and calculating the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale includes: performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale based on the three-dimensional Morlay wavelet, and calculating the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0097] Specifically, the three-dimensional Morlet wavelet ψ Mor (x), at scale a k The three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data sh(x) to obtain the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform

[0098]

[0099] (8) Where: θ and represents the inclination and azimuth, b is a temporary three-dimensional translation vector (the first two dimensions are the translation variables in the x and y directions, and the third dimension is the translation variable in the t direction), Indicates the rotation angle θ and azimuth of the three-dimensional vector b z * represents the conjugate of the complex number z.

[0100] Step S106: determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0101] In some embodiments, determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale includes: optimizing the coefficients of the three-dimensional connected wavelet transform at each scale to obtain the optimal inclination and azimuth at the equilibrium position; and determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the optimal inclination and azimuth.

[0102] Specifically, for scale a kThe coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform Optimize to obtain the optimal tilt angle θ under the translation position x opt and azimuth as follows:

[0103]

[0104] From this we can obtain the k And the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficients under the translation position b:

[0105]

[0106] Step S107: transforming the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale to obtain a spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

[0107] Specifically, due to a k With f k There is a relationship between Each scale a k The coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform CWT_3D opt (x,a k ) According to the scale a k The relationship between the frequency and the frequency is converted into the result of spectral decomposition of 3D seismic data to obtain the frequency f k The spectral decomposition result under the condition is a three-dimensional non-negative data volume

[0108]

[0109] After the above processes are completed, K three-dimensional spectrum decomposition data volumes can be obtained.

[0110] See Figures 2 to 12 , Figures 2 to 12 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of spectrum decomposition results of a specific embodiment.

[0111] in, Figure 2 A 2D profile of synthetic 3D seismic data (including random noise), with the x-axis being the horizontal axis and the time being the vertical axis. Figure 3 The 2D section of complex 3D seismic data (including random noise) obtained from synthetic 3D seismic data, the abscissa is the x-coordinate and the ordinate is time. Figure 4 It is the layer along which the three-dimensional seismic data is synthesized (including random noise), the horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is the y-coordinate. Figure 5 The slice along the layer (including random noise) of complex 3D seismic data obtained from synthetic 3D seismic data, the abscissa is the x-coordinate and the ordinate is the y-coordinate. Figure 6This is the process for selecting effective frequency bands for synthetic 3D seismic data. The upper figure shows the energy spectrum distribution of synthetic 3D seismic data, and the lower figure shows the normalized cumulative function of the energy spectrum distribution. Using a threshold thre_ratio of 0.05, the effective frequency bands are found to have a low-band frequency of 10 Hz and a high-band frequency of 65 Hz. The three frequencies are thus determined to be 10 Hz, 30 Hz, and 50 Hz, respectively. Figure 7 It is a two-dimensional section of the 10Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is time. Figure 8 It is the slice along the layer of the 10Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is the y-coordinate. Figure 9 It is a two-dimensional section of the 3D continuous wavelet transform 30Hz spectrum decomposition result of synthetic 3D seismic data. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is time. Figure 10 It is the slice along the layer of the 3D continuous wavelet transform 30Hz spectrum decomposition result of the synthetic 3D seismic data, the horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is the y-coordinate. Figure 11 It is a two-dimensional section of the 50Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is time. Figure 12 It is the slice along the layer of the 50Hz spectrum decomposition result of the 3D continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic 3D seismic data. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is the y-coordinate.

[0112] Depend on Figures 2 to 12 It can be clearly seen that compared with the traditional spectrum decomposition results based on single-channel time-frequency analysis, the spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform in the present invention can not only fully consider the spatial correlation of seismic data, but also significantly improve the denoising effect of spectrum decomposition.

[0113] It should be noted that the present invention uses a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform to analyze the three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain the spectrum decomposition results at each frequency. Although the selected mother wavelet is a three-dimensional Morlet wavelet with fixed parameters, the same effect can be achieved by replacing the above three-dimensional wavelet and its parameters.

[0114] The present invention also provides a seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, such as Figure 13 As shown, the seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform includes:

[0115] The transformation unit 131 is used to transform the 3D seismic data to obtain complex 3D seismic data.

[0116] The amplitude spectrum analysis unit 132 is used to perform amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of the target layer to obtain an effective frequency band.

[0117] The frequency decomposition unit 133 is configured to determine a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band.

[0118] The scale conversion unit 134 is configured to convert the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on the target wavelet parameters.

[0119] The wavelet transform unit 135 is used to perform a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculate the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0120] The optimization unit 136 is configured to determine the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0121] The spectrum conversion unit 137 is used to convert the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

[0122] Specifically, the specific coordination operation process between the various units in the seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform can refer to the above-mentioned seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] In addition, an electronic device of the present invention includes a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement any of the above methods for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the process described with reference to the flowchart above can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program contains program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed by an electronic device and, when executed, performs the above functions defined in the method of the embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device in the present invention can be a terminal such as a notebook, a desktop, a tablet computer, a smart phone, or a server.

[0124] In addition, the present invention provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned methods for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. Specifically, it should be noted that the storage medium of the present invention can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or components, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or component. In the present invention, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal transmitted in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), or any suitable combination thereof.

[0125] The computer-readable medium may be included in the electronic device, or may exist independently without being incorporated into the electronic device.

[0126] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0127] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the above description has generally described the components and steps of each example according to their functions. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0128] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented directly using hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software module may be placed in a random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0129] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and implement it accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent variations and modifications within the scope of the claims of the present invention are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data; performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of a target layer to obtain an effective frequency band; performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of a target layer to obtain an effective frequency band comprises: performing Fourier transform on each seismic data trace in the complex three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of each seismic data trace; accumulating the amplitude spectra of all seismic traces in a spatial direction to obtain an accumulated energy spectrum of the entire three-dimensional seismic data; integrating the accumulated energy spectrum in a frequency direction to obtain a total energy; and determining the effective frequency band based on the total energy; Determining the effective frequency band according to the total energy includes: calculating according to the total energy in combination with a first calculation formula to obtain a low-frequency end of the effective frequency band; calculating according to the total energy in combination with a second calculation formula to obtain a high-frequency end of the effective frequency band; and obtaining the effective frequency band based on the low-frequency end and the high-frequency end. determining a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band; Converting the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on target wavelet parameters; Performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculating the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale; Determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale; determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale comprises: optimizing the coefficients of the three-dimensional connected wavelet transform at each scale to obtain the optimal inclination angle and azimuth angle at the equilibrium position; determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the optimal inclination angle and azimuth angle; The coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale are converted to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

2. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transforming of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data includes: Performing Hilbert transform on each piece of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data.

3. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band includes: The effective frequency band is decomposed according to the decomposition quantity and the decomposition interval to obtain the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence.

4. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target wavelet parameter is a three-dimensional Morlay wavelet; The three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale are calculated, including: A three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale based on the three-dimensional Morlay wavelet, and coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale are calculated.

5. A seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, characterized in that: include: A transformation unit, used for transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data; an amplitude spectrum analysis unit, configured to perform amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of a target horizon to obtain an effective frequency band; performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of a target horizon to obtain an effective frequency band comprises: performing Fourier transform on each seismic data trace in the complex three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of each seismic data trace; accumulating the amplitude spectra of all seismic traces in a spatial direction to obtain an accumulated energy spectrum of the entire three-dimensional seismic data; integrating the accumulated energy spectrum in a frequency direction to obtain a total energy; and determining the effective frequency band based on the total energy; Determining the effective frequency band according to the total energy includes: calculating according to the total energy in combination with a first calculation formula to obtain a low-frequency end of the effective frequency band; calculating according to the total energy in combination with a second calculation formula to obtain a high-frequency end of the effective frequency band; and obtaining the effective frequency band based on the low-frequency end and the high-frequency end. a frequency decomposition unit, configured to determine a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band; a scale conversion unit, configured to convert the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on target wavelet parameters; A wavelet transform unit is used to perform a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculate the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale; A selection unit is configured to determine the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale; the determination of the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale comprises: optimizing the coefficients of the three-dimensional connected wavelet transform at each scale to obtain the optimal inclination angle and azimuth angle at the equilibrium position; and determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the optimal inclination angle and azimuth angle. The spectrum conversion unit is used to convert the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

6. A storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program, which is suitable for being loaded by a processor to execute the steps of the method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the steps of the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

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