Design method of stabilizer bar bushing

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a stabilizer bar bushing, which comprises the following steps: analyzing the use condition of a vehicle and the load characteristic of a suspension system, determining the maximum alternating load and the vibration frequency range which need to be borne by the bushing, selecting a composite material of the bushing, selecting a high-elasticity material as an inner layer material, selecting a wear-resistant polymer material as an outer layer material, and selecting a wear-resistant polymer material as an outer layer material. The elastic characteristic of the composite material is adjusted by optimizing a material formula; designing a multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, designing an elastic supporting unit, and carrying out optimization design on the layout of a plurality of elastic point elements by adopting a nonlinear mechanical model; a plurality of target points are evenly distributed in the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, an elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted, and an adjustable damping piece is arranged; performing fatigue and life prediction analysis to verify the performance stability; through reasonable matching of the inner layer material and the outer layer material, the strength of the bushing is enhanced, the built-in damping system automatically adjusts the elasticity and damping of the bushing according to the change of working conditions, and the performance and durability of the bushing are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bushing design, and in particular to a design method for a stabilizer bar bushing. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the automobile industry, the performance requirements of vehicle suspension systems are constantly increasing, especially when driving at high speeds, making frequent turns, and driving on uneven roads. The suspension system plays a vital role in absorbing road impact, reducing vibration, and maintaining vehicle body stability. As an important component of the suspension system, the performance of the stabilizer bar bushing directly affects the vehicle's handling stability and comfort. Especially under complex working conditions such as frequent starting and stopping, turning, and passing through uneven roads, the stabilizer bar bushing needs to withstand large alternating loads and vibrations. These working conditions put forward higher requirements on the material and design of the bushing, and it is necessary to solve technical problems such as fatigue failure, vibration response, and service life.

[0003] In the prior art, stabilizer bar bushings are generally made of rubber or polymer materials, and are directly connected to the stabilizer bar to withstand external loads. However, the traditional stabilizer bar bushing design does not fully consider the frequent load changes and vibration characteristics, especially under uneven road conditions or high-speed cornering conditions, which can easily lead to fatigue failure of the bushing. Bushings in traditional designs are mostly single material structures, and there is often a conflict between elasticity and wear resistance. For example, although a material that is too soft can buffer impact, it has poor fatigue resistance; and although a material that is too hard has good wear resistance, it is prone to cracks or breakage under heavy loads. These shortcomings result in the lack of durability of the stabilizer bar bushing in long-term use, and the need for frequent replacement, which affects the vehicle's efficiency and maintenance costs.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the design scheme of the stabilizer bar bushing in the prior art to solve the technical problems of insufficient performance when coping with complex working conditions and prone to fatigue failure. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a design method for a stabilizer bar bushing to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A design method for a stabilizer bar bushing, comprising: Analyze the vehicle's operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, and use finite element analysis tools to simulate the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand; According to the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range analyzed, the composite material of the bushing is selected, where the inner layer material is made of high elastic material and the outer layer material is made of wear-resistant polymer material. The elastic properties of the composite material are adjusted by optimizing the material formula; Design the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, use finite element analysis to analyze the stress distribution and deformation of each layer, and determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers; Designing an elastic support unit, wherein the elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing, and optimizing the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements by using a nonlinear mechanical model; Multiple target points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and the elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted according to the mechanical data of each target point, and the adjustable damping component is installed along the elastic deformation curve in an embedded manner; Fatigue and life prediction analysis is performed. Based on vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information, the fatigue life of the bushing is simulated and tested in combination with experimental data. The design is optimized to extend the service life and its performance stability is verified during long-term use.

[0007] Optionally, the analysis of the vehicle's operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, and the simulation of the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions by a finite element analysis tool to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand, specifically includes: Collect the specific operating conditions of the vehicle and determine the main driving scenarios involved; Based on the collected working condition information, the vehicle dynamics model is used to simulate the dynamic response of the vehicle under different driving scenarios, and the dynamic data of the displacement, speed and acceleration of the vehicle under different working conditions are generated; To establish a finite element model of the suspension system, first model the various components of the suspension system, input the geometric characteristics and material properties of each component, and combine the elasticity, rigidity and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, and use the preset material model for simulation.

[0008] Optionally, the simulation is performed using a preset material model in combination with the elasticity, rigidity and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, and then further includes: Based on the established finite element model, the finite element analysis software is used to take the vehicle dynamic response under different driving scenarios simulated by the vehicle dynamics model as input data to perform dynamic simulation analysis on the suspension system under different working conditions; Through finite element analysis, the stress and vibration response data of the bushing under different working conditions are obtained, and the stress concentration area and strain distribution of the bushing under maximum load are obtained to identify high-risk areas where fatigue failure may occur; Combined with the finite element analysis results, the vibration response data of the stabilizer bar bushing at different frequencies are extracted, and the maximum vibration frequency that the bushing needs to withstand is analyzed. Specifically, based on the vibration data, the maximum vibration frequency range of the bushing in actual use is identified through spectrum analysis.

[0009] Optionally, the composite material of the bushing is selected according to the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range analyzed, specifically including: By analyzing and determining the maximum alternating load that the bushing needs to withstand, the performance requirements of the inner layer are determined, including the target elastic modulus and target dynamic recovery capacity index of the inner layer; Based on the performance requirements of the inner layer, one of natural rubber, synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomer with high elastic modulus is selected as the base material of the inner layer; By analyzing the determined vibration frequency range of the bushing, the performance requirements of the outer layer are determined, specifically the target wear resistance coefficient of the outer layer; Based on the performance requirements of the outer layer, polytetrafluoroethylene or high molecular weight polyurethane is selected as the base material of the outer layer.

[0010] Optionally, the elastic properties of the composite material are adjusted by optimizing the material formula, specifically including: Obtaining the standard elastic modulus and standard dynamic recovery capacity index of the selected inner layer substrate material by looking up a table; For the selected inner layer substrate material, high-strength polyester fiber is added to the inner layer substrate material by solution blending or melt blending, and the concentration of the high-strength polyester fiber is determined by the difference between the standard elastic modulus and the target elastic modulus, and the difference between the standard dynamic recovery capacity index and the target dynamic recovery capacity index; For the selected outer layer substrate material, carbon nanotubes are used as fillers, and the target wear resistance coefficient is achieved by adjusting the content and dispersion mode of the nano fillers.

[0011] Optionally, the design of the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing includes performing stress distribution and deformation analysis on each layer structure using finite element analysis to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers, specifically including: Conduct a preliminary design of the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, and preliminarily set the thickness ratio of the inner layer and the outer layer according to the performance requirements of the selected material, wherein the ratio of the inner layer thickness to the outer layer thickness is between 2:1 and 3:1; Finite element analysis software is used to perform three-dimensional modeling of the preliminarily designed multi-layer structure, and different loads are applied for static analysis. By calculating the stress distribution of each layer of material, abnormal areas with stress concentration or excessive deformation are identified; Based on the results of static and dynamic analysis, the thickness of each layer is further adjusted. The thickness of the inner layer is increased in abnormal areas where the stress distribution is too large. For the outer layer material, if the stress distribution is uniform and there is no obvious local stress concentration, its initial thickness is maintained. If stress concentration occurs, the thickness of the outer layer is fine-tuned. The optimization algorithm is used to further optimize the thickness distribution of the multilayer structure. The thickness is adjusted at the junction of the inner and outer layers through the optimization algorithm to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers.

[0012] Optionally, the design of the elastic support unit, wherein the elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing, and the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements is optimized by using a nonlinear mechanical model, specifically including: Provide design parameters of the inner wall of the bushing, and determine the basic layout of the elastic support unit based on the analysis results of the load and vibration; the elastic support unit is designed as a plurality of elastic point elements distributed on the inner wall of the bushing; According to the analysis results of finite element stress distribution, the positions and sizes of multiple elastic point elements are adjusted to avoid stress concentration and local excessive deformation, so as to further optimize the layout and size of the elastic point elements; The layout and size of the optimized elastic point elements are used as the design parameters of the elastic support unit, and the material selection and performance verification are carried out on it. The corresponding high-elastic material is selected by testing the mechanical properties of the elastic material.

[0013] Optionally, the method further comprises testing the mechanical properties of the elastic material to select a corresponding high elastic material, and then: According to the design parameters of the elastic support unit and the selected high elastic material, samples are made and tested for verification. The bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing under various loads are tested by actually manufacturing the elastic support unit samples and conducting experimental verification under different working conditions. The elastic support unit is adjusted according to the test data, and the layout, size and material of the elastic point elements are fine-tuned on the basis of experimental verification to further improve the bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing.

[0014] Optionally, multiple target points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and the elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted according to the mechanical data of each target point. The adjustable damping member is installed along the elastic deformation curve in an embedded manner, specifically including: Evenly distribute multiple target points along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and obtain mechanical data of each target point through finite element analysis, wherein the mechanical data is stress and displacement data of the target point under different load and vibration conditions; Based on the mechanical data of each target point and the stress-strain relationship of the target point, the elastic deformation curve of the bushing as a whole is fitted by the numerical method of spline interpolation; Along the elastic deformation curve obtained by fitting, the position and installation method of the adjustable damping element are designed and determined. The function of the damping element is to control the vibration amplitude of the bushing under dynamic conditions and reduce resonance and vibration transmission. Specifically, based on the elastic deformation curve, the damping force required at different positions is calculated to determine the optimal damping element layout position scheme. The damping element should be embedded in the bushing, and the specific layout form can be a cylindrical or annular structure parallel to the inner wall of the bushing. The performance of the adjustable damping component after installation is verified. The damping material and structure are selected. The adjustable damping component is installed in an embedded manner. The performance of the damping component after installation is then verified. During the test, the damping effect of the adjustable damping component is adjusted to check its influence on the elastic deformation curve of the bushing. The position of the adjustable damping component is optimized according to the experimental data.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: firstly, starting from the vehicle use conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, a finite element analysis is performed to simulate the stress and vibration response of the bushing under different working conditions, and to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand; based on the analysis results, a suitable composite material is selected to ensure that the inner and outer layer materials can meet the strength and wear resistance requirements of the bushing, and the multi-layer structure of the bushing is further optimized through finite element analysis to determine the thickness of each layer, thereby ensuring good stress distribution and deformation characteristics; then, an elastic support unit is designed, and the layout of the elastic point elements is optimized through a nonlinear mechanical model, and the damping characteristics of the bushing are optimized according to the elastic deformation curve, and The dynamic response performance of the bushing is improved through the embedded design of adjustable damping parts. Finally, fatigue and life prediction analysis is carried out. Combined with the vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information, the stable performance of the bushing during long-term use is ensured, and the design is further optimized through experimental verification to ensure the durability of the bushing. The bushing designed in this scheme uses a reasonable combination of inner and outer layer materials. The inner layer absorbs most of the impact energy, and the outer layer provides wear resistance, which enhances the adaptability of the bushing under frequent starting and stopping and complex road conditions. At the same time, the built-in intelligent damping system automatically adjusts the elasticity and damping of the bushing according to changes in operating conditions, avoiding fatigue failure caused by excessive load or changes in vibration frequency, and significantly improving the performance and durability of the stabilizer bar bushing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the flow charts of the design method of the stabilizer bar bushing of this embodiment; Figure 2 This is the second flow chart of the design method of the stabilizer bar bushing of this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a centrally arranged component at the same time.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a design method for a stabilizer bar bushing, comprising: S1, analyze the vehicle's operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, and use finite element analysis tools to simulate the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand.

[0023] S2, according to the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range analyzed, select the composite material of the bushing, where the inner layer material is made of high elastic material, and the outer layer material is made of wear-resistant polymer material. The elastic properties of the composite material are adjusted by optimizing the material formula; so that the composite material has higher fatigue resistance when bearing high-frequency vibration.

[0024] S3, design the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, use finite element analysis to perform stress distribution and deformation analysis on each layer of the structure, and determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers; to ensure the synergistic effect of each layer of material under stress and avoid fatigue failure of a single material.

[0025] S4, designing an elastic support unit, wherein the elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing, and optimizing the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements by using a nonlinear mechanical model; The multiple elastic point elements inside the bushing have multi-point support and multi-level buffering effects, and the concentration of a single stress point is reduced by gradually releasing and absorbing stress. The nonlinear mechanical model is used to optimize the position layout and ensure its stability and fatigue resistance under different loads.

[0026] S5, evenly distributing multiple target points along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, fitting the elastic deformation curve of the bushing according to the mechanical data of each target point, and installing the adjustable damping member along the elastic deformation curve in an embedded manner; The design has a built-in adjustable damping system, which adjusts the elasticity and damping characteristics of the bushing in real time according to vehicle speed, road conditions and load changes. It achieves automatic adjustment through sensors and control systems to adapt to dynamic changes under various complex working conditions.

[0027] S6, performs fatigue and life prediction analysis, simulates the fatigue life of the bushing based on vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information, combined with experimental data, optimizes the design to extend the service life, and verifies its performance stability in long-term use.

[0028] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: first, starting from the vehicle operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, a finite element analysis is performed to simulate the stress and vibration response of the bushing under different working conditions, and to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand; based on the analysis results, a suitable composite material is selected to ensure that the inner and outer layer materials can meet the strength and wear resistance requirements of the bushing, and the multi-layer structure of the bushing is further optimized through finite element analysis to determine the thickness of each layer, thereby ensuring good stress distribution and deformation characteristics; then, an elastic support unit is designed, and the layout of the elastic point elements is optimized through a nonlinear mechanical model, and the damping characteristics of the bushing are optimized according to the elastic deformation curve, and an adjustable The embedded design of the damping part improves the dynamic response performance of the bushing. Finally, fatigue and life prediction analysis is carried out, combined with the vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information to ensure the stable performance of the bushing during long-term use. The design is further optimized through experimental verification to ensure the durability of the bushing. The bushing designed in this scheme uses a reasonable combination of inner and outer layer materials. The inner layer absorbs most of the impact energy, and the outer layer provides wear resistance, which enhances the adaptability of the bushing under frequent starting and stopping and complex road conditions. At the same time, the built-in intelligent damping system automatically adjusts the elasticity and damping of the bushing according to changes in operating conditions, avoiding fatigue failure caused by excessive load or changes in vibration frequency, and significantly improving the performance and durability of the stabilizer bar bushing.

[0029] In this embodiment, it is specifically explained that step S1 specifically includes: S11, collecting specific operating condition information of the vehicle and determining the main driving scenarios involved; The operating condition information includes, for example, frequent starting and stopping, turning, and passing through uneven roads. These operating conditions are crucial to the design of the stabilizer bar bushing because they directly affect the load and vibration frequency that the bushing needs to withstand. In this process, factors such as vehicle speed, road conditions, suspension system configuration, and vehicle load are considered to ensure that these operating conditions can fully reflect the stress changes in actual use.

[0030] S12, based on the collected working condition information, using a vehicle dynamics model to simulate the dynamic response of the vehicle under different driving scenarios, and generating dynamic data of displacement, velocity and acceleration of the vehicle under different working conditions; Through these dynamic data, we can get a preliminary understanding of the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range of the stabilizer bar and its bushing. For accurate simulation, the actual size and physical characteristics of the key components of the suspension system, stabilizer bar, and body can be included in the vehicle dynamics model.

[0031] S13, establishing a finite element model of the suspension system, firstly modeling each component of the suspension system, inputting geometric characteristics and material characteristics of each component, and combining elasticity, rigidity and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, using a preset material model for simulation; The various components of the suspension system (including stabilizer bars, bushings, springs, shock absorbers, etc.) are modeled, and the geometric and material properties of each component are input. Considering the elasticity, rigidity and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, that is, the load characteristics of the suspension system, appropriate material models are used for simulation; for example, linear elastic material models are used to simulate metal parts, and nonlinear elastic or viscoelastic material models are used to simulate rubber bushings. The established model needs to fully consider the contact relationship of the connection points to ensure that the physical constraint relationship between all components is accurately represented.

[0032] S14, based on the established finite element model, using finite element analysis software (such as ANSYS or ABAQUS), taking the vehicle dynamic response under different driving scenarios simulated and output by the vehicle dynamics model as input data, and performing dynamic simulation analysis on the suspension system under different working conditions; During the simulation, the considered working condition data, such as the vibration response of the vehicle on uneven roads and the lateral force when turning, are used to simulate the bushing stress under different speeds, accelerations and vibration frequencies. During the simulation, the load action point, vibration source and transmission path are accurately defined, and alternating loads are gradually applied according to the working conditions to simulate the mechanical response of the bushing, such as pressure and shear force, under real working conditions.

[0033] S15, obtain the stress and vibration response data of the bushing under different working conditions through finite element analysis, and obtain the stress concentration area and strain distribution of the bushing under the maximum load condition to identify the high-risk area where fatigue failure may occur; Special attention is paid to the stress concentration area and strain distribution of the bushing under maximum load to identify high-risk areas where fatigue failure may occur. The contact pressure, friction and dynamic stress caused by vibration between the bushing and the stabilizer bar should be considered during the analysis, which is of great reference value for the selection of multi-layer structures and materials in subsequent designs.

[0034] S16, combining the finite element analysis results, extracting the vibration response data of the stabilizer bar bushing at different frequencies, and analyzing the maximum vibration frequency that the bushing needs to withstand. Specifically, based on the vibration data, the maximum vibration frequency range of the bushing in actual use is identified through spectrum analysis.

[0035] This process provides a basis for the subsequent optimization of the material's elasticity and vibration resistance, ensuring that the bushing can cope with dynamic vibrations under various complex road conditions.

[0036] Based on the above analysis results, the design requirements of the stabilizer bar bushing under the maximum alternating load and maximum vibration frequency are determined to provide data support for subsequent material selection, structural design and elastic support unit layout. The key innovation of this stage is to combine dynamic simulation with spectrum analysis, and provide accurate input for each link of the design stage by refining the working condition analysis data.

[0037] In this embodiment, it is specifically described that step S2 specifically includes: S21, determining the performance requirements of the inner layer by analyzing the maximum alternating load that the bushing needs to withstand, specifically including a target elastic modulus and a target dynamic recovery capacity index of the inner layer; Based on the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range analyzed, the first step in selecting the composite material of the bushing is to determine the performance requirements of the inner and outer materials. Through a comprehensive analysis of the vehicle operating conditions, the load amplitude, vibration frequency and possible dynamic response that the bushing needs to withstand are evaluated, especially under high load and long-term operation conditions. First, the inner layer material needs to have a high elastic modulus and good dynamic recovery ability to ensure that it can quickly return to its original shape under high load and avoid material fatigue failure under long-term alternating loads.

[0038] S22, based on the performance requirements of the inner layer, selecting one of natural rubber, synthetic rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer with a higher elastic modulus as the base material of the inner layer; Based on the performance requirements of S21, a highly elastic material is selected as the inner layer material. This material must have a high elastic modulus (greater than 10 GPa), good plasticity and impact resistance to withstand the maximum alternating load of the stabilizer bar. Specific materials can be selected such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomers with a high elastic modulus. These materials not only have good elasticity, but also can maintain stable physical properties under different temperature conditions. Furthermore, in order to optimize the elastic properties, combined with molecular design and nanotechnology, an appropriate amount of nanoparticles (such as carbon nanotubes) are introduced into the molecular chain structure of the material to enhance its stress response characteristics and reduce the internal friction loss of the material.

[0039] S23, determining the performance requirements of the outer layer by analyzing the determined vibration frequency range of the bushing, specifically, the target wear resistance coefficient of the outer layer; The outer layer material is mainly required to have excellent wear resistance to cope with the friction and wear during long-term use and the influence of the external environment.

[0040] S24, based on the performance requirements of the outer layer, polytetrafluoroethylene or high molecular weight polyurethane is selected as the base material of the outer layer.

[0041] Wear-resistant polymer materials are selected as the outer layer materials to ensure the service life and stability of the materials in high friction environments. Common outer layer materials include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or high molecular weight polyurethane (PU) materials, which have extremely high wear resistance and are suitable for maintaining a low wear rate under continuous friction. In particular, when using polytetrafluoroethylene composite materials, the wear resistance and thermal stability of the material can be further improved by adding graphite powder or ceramic particles. For use in high temperature and harsh environments, high temperature resistant polymers such as polyimide (PI) or polyaryletherketone (PEEK) can also be introduced.

[0042] S25, obtaining the standard elastic modulus and standard dynamic recovery capacity index of the selected inner layer substrate material by looking up a table.

[0043] S26, for the selected inner layer substrate material, adding high-strength polyester fiber to the inner layer substrate material by solution blending or melt blending, and determining the concentration of the high-strength polyester fiber by the difference between the standard elastic modulus and the target elastic modulus, and the difference between the standard dynamic recovery capacity index and the target dynamic recovery capacity index; Different polymer materials are combined by solution blending or melt blending to achieve the required elasticity and wear resistance. For example, a small amount of high-strength polyester fiber is added to the inner elastic polymer to improve the material's compressive strength and elastic recovery performance under dynamic load; S27, for the selected outer layer substrate material, carbon nanotubes are used as fillers, and the target wear resistance coefficient is achieved by adjusting the content and dispersion of the nanofillers.

[0044] Nanomaterials (such as nanosilicon, nanoclay or carbon nanotubes) are used as fillers to enhance the elasticity and wear resistance of composite materials. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of composite materials can be significantly improved by adjusting the content and dispersion of nanofillers.

[0045] In this embodiment, it is specifically described that step S3 specifically includes: S31, perform preliminary design of the multilayer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, and preliminarily set the thickness ratio of the inner layer and the outer layer according to the performance requirements of the selected material, wherein the ratio of the inner layer thickness to the outer layer thickness is between 2:1 and 3:1; First, the preliminary design of the multilayer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing is carried out to determine the inner and outer layer structures of the bushing, and the thickness ratio of the inner and outer layers is preliminarily set according to the performance requirements of the materials selected in the previous step S2. The inner layer is mainly responsible for bearing most of the load and should have a high elastic modulus; the outer layer needs to have excellent wear resistance and high temperature resistance to adapt to the working environment of the bushing; the preliminarily set thickness ratio can be based on the working conditions, usually the ratio of the inner layer thickness to the outer layer thickness is between 2:1 and 3:1.

[0046] S32, using finite element analysis software to perform three-dimensional modeling of the preliminarily designed multi-layer structure, and applying different loads for static analysis, by calculating the stress distribution of each layer of material, identifying abnormal areas of stress concentration or excessive deformation; This provides a basis for optimal design. At the same time, dynamic analysis is performed to simulate the deformation response of the stabilizer bar bushing at different vibration frequencies to ensure that the bushing can maintain good dynamic performance during vehicle use.

[0047] S33, based on the results of static and dynamic analysis, further adjust the thickness of each layer, increase the thickness of the inner layer in the abnormal area where the stress distribution is too large, and keep the initial thickness of the outer layer material if the stress distribution is uniform and there is no obvious local stress concentration. If stress concentration occurs, fine-tune the thickness of the outer layer; In abnormal areas where stress distribution is too large, the thickness of the inner layer is increased to improve its load resistance; at the same time, for the outer layer material, if the stress distribution is uniform and there is no obvious local stress concentration, the initial thickness is maintained, otherwise the thickness of the outer layer is fine-tuned according to the stress concentration. At this time, the thickness adjustment needs to comprehensively consider the functional requirements of the inner and outer layers to ensure that the material can withstand the maximum load and has good elastic properties.

[0048] S34, using an optimization algorithm to further optimize the thickness distribution of the multilayer structure, adjusting the thickness at the junction of the inner layer and the outer layer through the optimization algorithm to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers.

[0049] Through topology optimization or shape optimization methods, the thickness and position of materials are reasonably allocated on the basis of ensuring structural strength to avoid unnecessary material waste. In particular, the thickness is adjusted through optimization algorithms at the junction of the inner and outer layers to improve the overall durability and mechanical properties of the bushing.

[0050] Final confirmation of layer thickness under multiple working conditions. Verify and optimize the thickness setting of each layer according to actual use conditions, such as vehicle load, driving speed, driving style, etc. Adjust the thickness ratio of the inner and outer layers according to the influence of different load conditions and vibration frequencies to ensure that the bushing can maintain excellent performance under all working conditions.

[0051] In this embodiment, it is specifically described that step S4 specifically includes: S41, providing design parameters of the inner wall of the bushing, and determining a basic layout of the elastic support unit based on the analysis results of the load and vibration; the elastic support unit is designed as a plurality of elastic point elements distributed on the inner wall of the bushing; First, the design parameters of the inner wall of the bushing are provided, and the basic layout of the elastic support unit is determined based on the results of the previous load and vibration analysis. The design of the elastic support unit requires the setting of multiple elastic point elements distributed on the inner wall of the bushing. The function of these elements is to provide support and absorb part of the load, so that the bushing can better cope with vibration impact under dynamic conditions; in the preliminary design stage, the optimal distribution scheme of the elastic point elements is determined through finite element analysis, and suitable elastic materials are selected to optimize their performance.

[0052] S42, adjusting the positions and sizes of the plurality of elastic point elements according to the analysis results of the finite element stress distribution to avoid stress concentration and local excessive deformation, so as to further optimize the layout and size of the elastic point elements; Next, based on the results of the finite element analysis, the geometry and size of the elastic point elements are further optimized. The size, shape and distribution density of each elastic point element have a direct impact on the performance of the bushing. By accurately calculating the stress response and deformation of each elastic point element, its position and shape are adjusted to avoid stress concentration and local excessive deformation. These elastic point elements are analyzed in detail using a nonlinear mechanical model to ensure that their stress-strain relationship under different load conditions meets the design requirements.

[0053] S43, optimizing the layout and size of the elastic point elements as design parameters of the elastic support unit, performing material selection and performance verification on the elastic point elements, and selecting corresponding high elastic materials by testing the mechanical properties of the elastic materials; Choose suitable high elastic materials, such as silicone or polyurethane materials, to ensure that these materials can provide sufficient elastic support and maintain stable performance during long-term use. Test the fatigue resistance, aging resistance and impact resistance of different materials to select the best material for elastic point elements.

[0054] S44, according to the design parameters of the elastic support unit and the selected high elastic material, samples are made and tested for verification. The bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing under various loads are tested by actually manufacturing samples of the elastic support unit and conducting experimental verification under different working conditions; Using optimized materials and design parameters, samples are made and tested. In this stage, samples of elastic support units are actually manufactured and tested under different working conditions. The elastic performance and shock absorption effect of the bushing under various loads are tested to ensure that the designed elastic point element can effectively reduce shock and vibration in actual applications and maintain stable support performance.

[0055] S45, adjust the elastic support unit according to the test data, and fine-tune the layout, size and material of the elastic point elements based on experimental verification to further improve the bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing.

[0056] Step S45, make final adjustments to the elastic support unit based on the test data. Based on the experimental verification, fine-tune the layout, shape and material of the elastic point elements to further improve the bearing capacity and shock absorption performance of the bushing. Finally confirm the feasibility of the design scheme and prepare to enter the large-scale production stage. Through this process, it is ensured that the elastic support unit has excellent performance under long-term and high-load conditions.

[0057] In this embodiment, it is specifically described that step S5 specifically includes: S51, uniformly distributing a plurality of target points along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and obtaining mechanical data of each target point through finite element analysis, wherein the mechanical data is stress and displacement data of the target point under different load and vibration conditions; First, multiple target points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing. The distribution of target points should take into account the working state and mechanical response of the bushing to ensure uniform distribution in the axial direction so as to accurately capture the mechanical data of the bushing under different working conditions. Through finite element analysis, the stress, strain and displacement data of each target point under different load and vibration conditions are obtained to provide necessary data support for the subsequent elastic deformation curve fitting.

[0058] S52, based on the mechanical data of each target point and according to the stress-strain relationship of the target point, a numerical method of spline interpolation is used to fit the elastic deformation curve of the entire bushing; Based on the mechanical data of each target point, the elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted. According to the stress-strain relationship of the target point, the elastic deformation curve of the bushing as a whole is fitted through numerical methods such as the least square method or the spline interpolation method. This curve represents the elastic deformation characteristics of the bushing under different load conditions and can reflect the mechanical response of the bushing during use. During the fitting process, the smoothness and accuracy of the curve must be ensured to avoid errors and discontinuous deformation characteristics.

[0059] S53, designing and determining the position and installation method of an adjustable damping member along the elastic deformation curve obtained by fitting, wherein the function of the damping member is to control the vibration amplitude of the bushing under dynamic working conditions and reduce resonance and vibration transmission; specifically, based on the elastic deformation curve, calculating the damping force required at different positions, and determining the optimal damping member arrangement position scheme, wherein the damping member should be embedded in the bushing, and the specific arrangement form may be a cylindrical or annular structure parallel to the inner wall of the bushing; The main function of the damping element is to control the vibration amplitude of the bushing under dynamic conditions and reduce unnecessary resonance and vibration transmission. Based on the elastic deformation curve, the damping force required at different positions is calculated to determine the best damping element layout. The damping element should be embedded in the bushing. The specific layout can be a cylindrical or annular structure parallel to the inner wall of the bushing to ensure that it can work effectively during the operation of the bushing without interfering with the overall function.

[0060] S54, verify the performance of the adjustable damping component after installation. Select appropriate damping materials and structures, install the adjustable damping component in an embedded manner, and then verify the performance of the damping component after installation. During the test, adjust the damping effect of the adjustable damping component to check its influence on the elastic deformation curve of the bushing, and optimize the position of the adjustable damping component based on the experimental data.

[0061] Install the adjustable damping element in an embedded manner. According to the design requirements, select suitable damping materials and structures, such as rubber, polyurethane or silicone materials, which have high damping performance and can adapt to different vibration frequencies. The adjustable damping element can adjust its damping effect through mechanical adjustment or using an intelligent control system to adapt to different load conditions and vibration conditions. During the installation process, ensure that the damping element is in close contact with the inner wall of the bushing to avoid gaps or looseness, to ensure stability and durability in long-term use.

[0062] Verify the performance of the damping element after installation. Through experimental verification, simulate the use of the bushing under actual working conditions and evaluate the performance of the damping element under different vibration frequencies and load conditions. During the test, adjust the damping effect of the adjustable damping element and check its influence on the elastic deformation curve of the bushing to ensure that it can effectively reduce vibration and improve the stability of the bushing in actual use. Optimize the design based on the experimental data, and finally confirm the rationality of the installation position, material selection and adjustment method of the damping element to provide guarantee for the long-term reliability of the bushing.

[0063] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing, characterized in that: include: Analyze the vehicle's operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, and use finite element analysis tools to simulate the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand; According to the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range analyzed, the composite material of the bushing is selected, where the inner layer material is made of high elastic material and the outer layer material is made of wear-resistant polymer material. The elastic properties of the composite material are adjusted by optimizing the material formula; Design the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, use finite element analysis to analyze the stress distribution and deformation of each layer, and determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers; Designing an elastic support unit, wherein the elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing, and optimizing the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements by using a nonlinear mechanical model; Multiple target points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and the elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted according to the mechanical data of each target point, and the adjustable damping component is installed along the elastic deformation curve in an embedded manner; Fatigue and life prediction analysis is performed. Based on vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information, the fatigue life of the bushing is simulated and tested in combination with experimental data. The design is optimized to extend the service life and verify its performance stability during long-term use.

2. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis of the vehicle's operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system is carried out, and the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions are simulated by a finite element analysis tool to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand, specifically including: Collect the specific operating conditions of the vehicle and determine the main driving scenarios involved; Based on the collected working condition information, the vehicle dynamics model is used to simulate the dynamic response of the vehicle under different driving scenarios, and the dynamic data of the displacement, speed and acceleration of the vehicle under different working conditions are generated; To establish a finite element model of the suspension system, first model the various components of the suspension system, input the geometric characteristics and material properties of each component, and combine the elasticity, rigidity and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, and use the preset material model for simulation.

3. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The above and combined with the elasticity, rigidity and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, the simulation is performed using a preset material model, and then also includes: Based on the established finite element model, the finite element analysis software is used to take the vehicle dynamic response under different driving scenarios simulated by the vehicle dynamics model as input data to perform dynamic simulation analysis on the suspension system under different working conditions; Through finite element analysis, the stress and vibration response data of the bushing under different working conditions are obtained, and the stress concentration area and strain distribution of the bushing under maximum load are obtained to identify high-risk areas where fatigue failure may occur; Combined with the finite element analysis results, the vibration response data of the stabilizer bar bushing at different frequencies are extracted, and the maximum vibration frequency that the bushing needs to withstand is analyzed. Specifically, based on the vibration data, the maximum vibration frequency range of the bushing in actual use is identified through spectrum analysis.

4. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite material of the bushing is selected according to the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range analyzed, specifically including: By analyzing and determining the maximum alternating load that the bushing needs to withstand, the performance requirements of the inner layer are determined, including the target elastic modulus and target dynamic recovery capacity index of the inner layer; Based on the performance requirements of the inner layer, one of natural rubber, synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomer with high elastic modulus is selected as the base material of the inner layer; By analyzing the determined vibration frequency range of the bushing, the performance requirements of the outer layer are determined, specifically the target wear resistance coefficient of the outer layer; Based on the performance requirements of the outer layer, polytetrafluoroethylene or high molecular weight polyurethane is selected as the base material of the outer layer.

5. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic properties of the composite material are adjusted by optimizing the material formula, specifically including: Obtaining the standard elastic modulus and standard dynamic recovery capacity index of the selected inner layer substrate material by looking up a table; For the selected inner layer substrate material, high-strength polyester fiber is added to the inner layer substrate material by solution blending or melt blending, and the concentration of the high-strength polyester fiber is determined by the difference between the standard elastic modulus and the target elastic modulus, and the difference between the standard dynamic recovery capacity index and the target dynamic recovery capacity index; For the selected outer layer substrate material, carbon nanotubes are used as fillers, and the target wear resistance coefficient is achieved by adjusting the content and dispersion mode of the nano fillers.

6. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing is designed, and the stress distribution and deformation analysis of each layer structure are performed by finite element analysis to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers, specifically including: Conduct a preliminary design of the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, and preliminarily set the thickness ratio of the inner layer and the outer layer according to the performance requirements of the selected material, wherein the ratio of the inner layer thickness to the outer layer thickness is between 2:1 and 3:1; Finite element analysis software is used to perform three-dimensional modeling of the preliminarily designed multi-layer structure, and different loads are applied for static analysis. By calculating the stress distribution of each layer of material, abnormal areas with stress concentration or excessive deformation are identified; Based on the results of static and dynamic analysis, the thickness of each layer is further adjusted. The thickness of the inner layer is increased in abnormal areas where the stress distribution is too large. For the outer layer material, if the stress distribution is uniform and there is no obvious local stress concentration, its initial thickness is maintained. If stress concentration occurs, the thickness of the outer layer is fine-tuned. The optimization algorithm is used to further optimize the thickness distribution of the multilayer structure. The thickness is adjusted at the junction of the inner and outer layers through the optimization algorithm to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers.

7. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The design of the elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing, and the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements is optimized by using a nonlinear mechanical model, specifically including: Provide design parameters of the inner wall of the bushing, and determine the basic layout of the elastic support unit based on the analysis results of the load and vibration; the elastic support unit is designed as a plurality of elastic point elements distributed on the inner wall of the bushing; According to the analysis results of finite element stress distribution, the positions and sizes of multiple elastic point elements are adjusted to avoid stress concentration and local excessive deformation, so as to further optimize the layout and size of the elastic point elements; The layout and size of the optimized elastic point elements are used as the design parameters of the elastic support unit, and the material selection and performance verification are carried out on it. The corresponding high-elastic material is selected by testing the mechanical properties of the elastic material.

8. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: testing the mechanical properties of the elastic material to select the corresponding high elastic material; and then: According to the design parameters of the elastic support unit and the selected high elastic material, samples are made and tested for verification. The bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing under various loads are tested by actually manufacturing the elastic support unit samples and conducting experimental verification under different working conditions. The elastic support unit is adjusted according to the test data, and the layout, size and material of the elastic point elements are fine-tuned on the basis of experimental verification to further improve the bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing.

9. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple target points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing. According to the mechanical data of each target point, the elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted, and the adjustable damping member is installed along the elastic deformation curve in an embedded manner, specifically including: Evenly distribute multiple target points along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and obtain mechanical data of each target point through finite element analysis, wherein the mechanical data is stress and displacement data of the target point under different load and vibration conditions; Based on the mechanical data of each target point and the stress-strain relationship of the target point, the elastic deformation curve of the bushing as a whole is fitted by the numerical method of spline interpolation; Along the elastic deformation curve obtained by fitting, the position and installation method of the adjustable damping element are designed and determined. The function of the damping element is to control the vibration amplitude of the bushing under dynamic conditions and reduce resonance and vibration transmission. Specifically, based on the elastic deformation curve, the damping force required at different positions is calculated to determine the optimal damping element layout position scheme. The damping element should be embedded in the bushing, and the specific layout form can be a cylindrical or annular structure parallel to the inner wall of the bushing. The performance of the adjustable damping component after installation is verified. The damping material and structure are selected. The adjustable damping component is installed in an embedded manner. The performance of the damping component after installation is then verified. During the test, the damping effect of the adjustable damping component is adjusted to check its influence on the elastic deformation curve of the bushing. The position of the adjustable damping component is optimized according to the experimental data.

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