Battery plate and battery

Abstract

The invention provides a battery plate and a battery. The battery pole plate comprises a main pole plate, the main pole plate is provided with a main flow channel and a plurality of branch flow channels which are communicated in sequence, an inlet of the main flow channel is used for introducing gas, and the branch flow channels are arranged at intervals along the peripheral direction of the main flow channel; wherein each branch flow channel comprises a branch main flow channel and at least two branch flow channels, the at least two branch flow channels are communicated with the branch main flow channel, and a branch outlet used for exhausting gas is formed in the end, away from the branch main flow channel, of each branch flow channel. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the technical problem that the pressure drop between the inlet and the outlet of the battery plate runner in the prior art is relatively large can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery plates, and in particular to a battery plate and a battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, during the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the flow field plays the role of distributing reactant gases, conducting current, and guiding gases. Poor flow field design can lead to uneven distribution of reactant gases inside the fuel cell, local hot spots, unstable current density, and flooding.

[0003] However, if Figure 1 As shown, the flow field of a common proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate is a serpentine flow channel 60. The advantage of the serpentine flow channel 60 is that it has good drainage capacity, but in a large area of ​​the flow field, this flow channel will cause a large pressure drop between the flow channel inlet and outlet, increasing the power loss. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery plate and a battery to solve the technical problem of large pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the battery plate flow channel in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery plate is provided, comprising:

[0006] A main electrode plate, the main electrode plate having a main flow channel and a plurality of branch flow channels connected in sequence, the inlet of the main flow channel is used to introduce gas, and the plurality of branch flow channels are arranged at intervals along the peripheral direction of the main flow channel;

[0007] Each branch flow channel includes a branch main flow channel and at least two branch branch flow channels, at least two branch branch flow channels are connected to the branch main flow channel, and one end of the branch branch flow channel away from the branch main flow channel forms a branch outlet for exhausting gas.

[0008] Furthermore, each branch flow channel also includes an intermediate branch flow channel, the inlet connection end of the intermediate branch flow channel is connected to the outlet end of the branch main flow channel, the intermediate branch flow channel has at least one outlet connection end, and the inlet end of a branch branch flow channel is connected to an outlet connection end of the intermediate branch flow channel.

[0009] Furthermore, a and b are both positive integers;

[0010] There is one intermediate branch flow path, the ratio of the number of intermediate branch flow paths to the number of branch main flow paths is 1, and the ratio of the number of at least two branch flow paths to the number of intermediate branch flow paths is 2 b-1 ;or,

[0011] There are multiple intermediate branch channels, and the multiple intermediate branch channels are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main channel to at least two branch branch channels, and the ratio of the number of the multiple intermediate branch channels adjacent to the branch main channel to the number of the branch main channels is 2 a-1 The ratio of the number of at least two branched flow paths to the number of portions of the plurality of intermediate flow paths adjacent to the at least two branched flow paths is 2 b-1 .

[0012] Further, 90°<α<180°;

[0013] The minimum value of the angle between one of the at least two branch flow paths and the branch main flow path is α; and / or,

[0014] There is one middle branch flow path, the minimum value of the angle between the middle branch flow path and the branch main flow path is α, and the minimum value of the angle between one of at least two branch branch flow paths and the middle branch flow path is α; or,

[0015] There are multiple intermediate branch channels, and the multiple intermediate branch channels are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main channel to at least two branch branch channels. The minimum value of the angle between one of the intermediate branch channels adjacent to the branch main channel and the branch main channel is α, and the minimum value of the angle between one of the at least two branch branch channels and one of the intermediate branch channels adjacent to one of the at least two branch branch channels is α.

[0016] Further, there is one middle branch flow path, and the ratio of the maximum width of the middle branch flow path in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the branch main flow path in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3; the ratio of the maximum width of one of at least two branch flow paths in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the middle branch flow path in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3; or,

[0017] There are multiple intermediate branch channels, and the multiple intermediate branch channels are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main channel to at least two branch branch channels. The ratio of the maximum width of one of the intermediate branches adjacent to the branch main channel in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the branch main channel in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3; the ratio of the maximum width of one of the at least two branch branches in its own extension direction to the maximum width of one of the intermediate branches adjacent to one of the at least two branch branches in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.

[0018] Further, C is a preset constant value;

[0019] The length of the branch main channel is L1, and the width of the branch main channel is D1. 3 = C·L1; and / or,

[0020] The length of each branch flow path is L2, and the width of each branch flow path is D2. 3 =C·L2.

[0021] Further, along the extension direction of the branch main flow path, the cross section of the branch main flow path is arc-shaped or polygonal; and / or,

[0022] Along the extension direction of each branch flow path, the cross section of each branch flow path is arc-shaped or polygonal.

[0023] Furthermore, each branch flow channel is a groove structure;

[0024] Wherein, the sum of the inner surface areas of each branch main flow path is equal to the sum of the inner surface areas of each branch tributary flow path; and / or,

[0025] The groove depth of each branch main flow path is equal to the groove depth of each branch tributary flow path.

[0026] Further, the main flow channel is a groove structure, the main flow channel has a main end wall and a main peripheral wall connected to each other, each branch flow channel is connected to the main peripheral wall, and the inlet is arranged at the main end wall; or, the main flow channel is an annular groove structure, one end of the main flow channel forms an inlet, and each branch flow channel is connected to the annular peripheral wall of the main flow channel; and / or,

[0027] The main pole plate is a disc structure, and each branch outlet is located at the periphery of the disc structure.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery is provided, comprising: the battery plate provided above.

[0029] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, by combining the main channel with the multi-level branch channel, this channel design can significantly improve the uniformity of gas distribution on the battery plate. The main channel on the main plate serves as the gas introduction channel, while the branch channel effectively distributes the gas to the entire electrode surface through its complex but orderly structure, while promoting the rapid discharge of liquid water produced by the reaction to the branch outlet, avoiding flooding, and improving the operating efficiency and stability of the battery. The design of such a branch channel follows certain fluid dynamics principles. Through the reasonable arrangement of the branch main channel and the branch branch channel, the length of the channel can be effectively shortened, thereby reducing the pressure drop between the inlet and the branch outlet, while ensuring the distribution of the gas on the entire electrode surface, and promoting the forced convection and diffusion of the reaction gas. The design of this channel is a bionic channel that imitates the distribution of lotus leaf veins. The lotus leaf-shaped branch channel allows a certain pressure gradient between adjacent channels, thereby promoting mass transfer and improving the uniformity of water distribution in the channel. At the same time, the lotus leaf-shaped branch flow channel effectively reduces the pressure loss from the flow channel inlet to the branch outlet, so that the pressure difference between the flow channel inlet and the branch outlet is maintained at a relatively stable value, thereby facilitating the reduction of the battery working energy consumption. Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention can solve the technical problem of large pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the battery plate flow channel in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery plate using a serpentine flow channel in the prior art is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 A front view of a battery plate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 A comparison diagram of polarization curves of a battery plate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention and a battery plate using a serpentine flow channel in the prior art is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 A comparison diagram of power density curves of a battery plate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention and a battery plate using a serpentine flow channel in the prior art is shown.

[0035] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0036] 10. Main plate;

[0037] 20. Mainstream;

[0038] 21. Entrance;

[0039] 22. Main end wall;

[0040] 23. Main peripheral wall;

[0041] 30. Branch main flow;

[0042] 40. Branch tributary road;

[0043] 41. Branch exit;

[0044] 50. Gas diffusion unit;

[0045] 60. Serpentine flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0047] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a battery plate, which includes a main plate 10, the main plate 10 has a main channel 20 and a plurality of branch channels connected in sequence, the inlet 21 of the main channel 20 is used to introduce gas, and the plurality of branch channels are arranged at intervals along the peripheral direction of the main channel 20. Among them, each branch channel includes a branch main channel 30 and at least two branch branch channels 40, at least two branch branch channels 40 are connected to the branch main channel 30, and one end of the branch branch channel 40 away from the branch main channel 30 forms a branch outlet 41 for discharging gas.

[0048] The battery plate provided by the first embodiment of the present invention is adopted. By combining the main channel 20 with the multi-level branch channel, this channel design can significantly improve the uniformity of gas distribution on the battery plate. The main channel 20 on the main plate 10 serves as the gas introduction channel, while the branch channel (branch main channel 30 and branch branch channel 40) effectively distributes the gas to the entire electrode surface through its complex but orderly structure, and at the same time promotes the rapid discharge of liquid water generated by the reaction to the branch outlet 41, avoiding flooding and improving the operating efficiency and stability of the battery. The design of such a branch channel follows certain fluid dynamics principles. Through the reasonable arrangement of the branch main channel 30 and the branch branch channel 40, the length of the channel can be effectively shortened, thereby reducing the pressure drop between the inlet 21 and the branch outlet 41, while ensuring the distribution of the gas on the entire electrode surface, and promoting the forced convection and diffusion of the reaction gas. The design of this channel is a bionic channel that imitates the distribution of lotus leaf veins. The lotus leaf-shaped branch channel allows a certain pressure gradient between adjacent channels, thereby promoting mass transfer and improving the uniformity of water distribution in the channel. At the same time, the lotus leaf-shaped branch flow channel effectively reduces the pressure loss from the flow channel inlet 21 to the branch outlet 41, so that the pressure difference between the flow channel inlet 21 and the branch outlet 41 is maintained at a relatively stable value, thereby facilitating the reduction of the battery working energy consumption. Therefore, the battery plate provided in this embodiment can solve the technical problem of large pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the battery plate flow channel in the prior art.

[0049] Specifically, the plurality of branch flow channels are evenly spaced along the periphery of the main flow channel 20. With such a structural arrangement, it is possible to ensure that the gas can be evenly distributed after entering the battery plate, avoiding local oversaturation or overdrying, thereby improving the utilization rate of the reaction gas and the overall efficiency of the fuel cell. This evenly spaced design can also reduce the flow resistance of the fluid between the flow channels, making the gas flow and the liquid water generated by the reaction flow smoother, which helps to reduce the energy loss of the battery during operation.

[0050] Specifically, each branch flow channel also includes an intermediate branch flow path, the inlet connection end of the intermediate branch flow path is connected to the outlet end of the branch main flow path 30, the intermediate branch flow path has at least one outlet connection end, and the inlet end of a branch branch flow path 40 is connected to an outlet connection end of the intermediate branch flow path. With such a structural setting, the introduction of the intermediate branch flow path further refines the distribution path of the fluid. It serves as a bridge between the branch main flow path 30 and the branch branch flow path 40, and can distribute the gas in the main flow path 20 more finely to every corner of the electrode surface. This multi-level flow channel structure design improves the uniformity of fluid transmission, reduces the performance degradation caused by uneven gas distribution, avoids the retention of fluid inside the electrode, and enhances the transmission and drainage efficiency of the fluid.

[0051] Specifically, b is a positive integer; there is one intermediate branch flow path, the ratio of the number of intermediate branch flow paths to the number of branch main flow paths 30 is 1, and the ratio of the number of at least two branch flow paths 40 to the number of intermediate branch flow paths is 2. b-1 . With such a structural setting, the exponentially growing quantitative relationship ensures that the fluid can continue to be evenly distributed in the flow channels of the next level. At the same time, as the number of flow channel levels increases, the increase in the number of flow channels effectively increases the drainage speed, prevents the accumulation of liquid water on the electrode surface, and greatly reduces the risk of "flooding", thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the battery.

[0052] Specifically, a and b are both positive integers; there are multiple intermediate branch paths, and the multiple intermediate branch paths are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the branch main path 30 to at least two branch branch paths 40, and the ratio of the number of parts of the multiple intermediate branch paths adjacent to the branch main path 30 to the number of the branch main paths 30 is 2 a-1 The ratio of the number of at least two branched flow paths 40 to the number of portions of the plurality of intermediate flow paths adjacent to the at least two branched flow paths 40 is 2 b-1 . In this way, more refined fluid distribution and mass transfer can be achieved, making the distribution of the reaction gas on the electrode surface more uniform, improving the utilization rate of the catalyst and the reaction efficiency. The multiple intermediate branch flow paths arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction, and the quantitative relationship between the branch main flow path 30 and the branch branch flow path 40, make it possible to evenly distribute the fluid over a wider electrode surface area, while ensuring that the fluid can be quickly and evenly discharged from the electrode surface. This design not only improves the stability of the battery during operation, but also effectively avoids local overheating and water management problems, thereby greatly improving the overall performance and operating efficiency of the battery.

[0053] Specifically, 1≤a≤3, 1≤b≤3. a and b are equal or unequal.

[0054] Specifically, there is one middle branch flow path, and the length of the middle branch flow path along its own extension direction is less than the length of the branch main flow path 30 along its own extension direction, and the length of each branch main flow path 30 along its own extension direction is less than the length of the middle branch flow path along its own extension direction. In this way, a flow channel structure with decreasing length is formed. This structure can make the fluid evenly dispersed in a wider area, reduce the residence time of the fluid in the flow channel, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and avoiding local overheating or flooding. The fluid is initially distributed in the branch main flow path 30, and then further distributed in the middle branch flow path, and finally reaches the electrode surface in the branch branch flow path 40. The decreasing flow channel length design in this process not only improves the transmission efficiency of the fluid, but also reduces the energy loss during the fluid transmission process, thereby improving the overall performance of the fuel cell.

[0055] Specifically, there are multiple intermediate branch channels, and the multiple intermediate branch channels are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main channel 30 to at least two branch branch channels 40, and the length of one of the two adjacent intermediate branch channels close to the branch main channel 30 along its own extension direction is greater than the length of one of the two adjacent intermediate branch channels close to the branch branch channel 40 along its own extension direction. With such a structural arrangement, the arrangement of multiple intermediate branch channels further refines the path of fluid distribution and transmission, and can more effectively promote the uniform coverage of the fluid on the electrode surface. In the process of fluid transmission from the main channel 20 to the electrode surface, it is gradually distributed and refined by a finer flow channel network. This length design can ensure the uniformity and efficiency of fluid transmission and avoid performance degradation due to uneven fluid distribution. At the same time, this decreasing length design helps to optimize fluid resistance, reduce energy loss during fluid transmission, and improve the economy and efficiency of battery operation.

[0056] Specifically, along the extension direction of the branch main flow path 30, the ratio of the length of the branch main flow path 30 to the length of the branch branch flow path 40 is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 5. In this way, the optimized design of the length ratio can effectively control the pressure distribution inside the flow channel, avoid local high pressure or low pressure areas caused by mismatched flow channel lengths, and reduce pressure loss during fluid transmission. This helps to maintain the pressure difference between the two ends of the battery within a better range, thereby improving the power output and stability of the battery.

[0057] Specifically, 90°<α<180°. The minimum value of the angle between at least one of the two branch flow paths 40 and the branch main flow path 30 is α. With such a structural setting, this feature is intended to optimize the fluid dynamics characteristics of the fluid in the flow channel network, ensure that the transmission path of the fluid from the main channel 20 to the branch flow path 40 is smooth, and avoid the retention and accumulation of the fluid at the corners of the flow channel, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the fluid and the operating stability of the battery. The setting of the angle α can avoid the sharp turn of the fluid in the flow channel network, reduce the fluid resistance, and enable the fluid to flow in a more stable state in the flow channel network, thereby improving the uniformity of fluid distribution and the efficiency of the fuel cell. At the same time, a reasonable angle design also helps to maintain the uniform distribution of the fluid on the electrode surface, avoids local overheating and flooding, and improves the life and reliability of the battery.

[0058] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, there is one middle branch flow path, the minimum angle between the middle branch flow path and the branch main flow path 30 is α, and the minimum angle between one of at least two branch branch flow paths 40 and the middle branch flow path is α. In this way, this design effectively optimizes the transmission path and transmission efficiency of the fluid. The design of the same angle α ensures that the transmission process of the fluid in the flow channel network has good continuity and smoothness, reduces the resistance of the fluid at the corners, and avoids fluid retention or bubble generation. This flow channel structure design can promote the uniform distribution of the fluid in the flow channel, increase the contact area between the fluid and the electrode, thereby increasing the reaction efficiency, reducing energy loss, and improving the overall performance of the battery. In addition, the uniform angle α also helps to simplify the manufacturing process and reduce production costs.

[0059] Specifically, there are multiple intermediate branch channels, and the multiple intermediate branch channels are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main channel 30 to at least two branch branch channels 40. The minimum angle between one of the intermediate branch channels adjacent to the branch main channel 30 and the branch main channel 30 is α, and the minimum angle between one of the at least two branch branch channels 40 and one of the intermediate branch channels adjacent to one of the at least two branch branch channels 40 is α. With such a structural setting, the transmission path of the fluid in the channel network can be further optimized. This design allows the transmission of the fluid in the channel network to be more dispersed and uniform. At the same time, the optimization of the angle α can reduce the flow resistance of the fluid in the complex channel structure, improve the fluid transmission efficiency and the utilization rate of the reaction gas. The combination of the multi-level channel design and the minimum angle α ensures the efficient distribution of the fluid in the channel network, reduces the local hot spots inside the battery, and improves the voltage stability and efficiency of the battery. At the same time, the design of multiple intermediate branch channels improves the flexibility of fluid distribution, adapts to the requirements of different battery sizes and electrode materials, and enhances the design adaptability and reliability of the battery plate.

[0060] Specifically, there is one middle branch flow path, and the ratio of the maximum width of the middle branch flow path in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the branch main flow path 30 in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3; the ratio of the maximum width of one of the at least two branch flow paths 40 in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the middle branch flow path in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3. With such a structural setting, the reasonable proportional design of the flow channel width helps to reduce the resistance of the fluid in the flow channel, reduce energy loss, and improve fluid transmission efficiency. The flow channel design with gradually decreasing width can promote the uniform distribution of the fluid in the flow channel network, avoid oversaturation or overdrying of the fluid in certain areas, and improve the catalyst utilization rate and battery performance. The specific proportional setting of the flow channel width helps to maintain the pressure gradient of the fluid in the flow channel network, promote forced convection of the fluid, enhance the transmission and drainage capacity of the fluid, and reduce the "flooding" phenomenon of the battery.

[0061] Specifically, there are multiple intermediate branch channels, and the multiple intermediate branch channels are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main channel 30 to at least two branch branch channels 40. The ratio of the maximum width of the intermediate branch channel adjacent to the branch main channel 30 in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the branch main channel 30 in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3; the ratio of the maximum width of one of the at least two branch branch channels 40 in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the intermediate branch channel adjacent to one of the at least two branch branch channels 40 in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3. With such a structural setting, the multi-stage flow channel width ratio design ensures that the fluid can be evenly distributed at each level in the flow channel network, increases the contact area between the fluid and the electrode, and enhances the reaction efficiency. The flow channel design with gradually narrowing width helps to control the flow velocity of the fluid in the flow channel, reduce the accumulation of the fluid in certain areas, avoid local drying or flooding, and improve the stability and life of the battery. The flow channel width ratio design can improve the fluid dynamics, such as reducing the generation of turbulence and eddy currents, improving the flow smoothness of the fluid, and reducing energy loss.

[0062] Specifically, the ratio of the maximum width of one of the two adjacent intermediate branch channels closer to the branch main channel 30 in its own extension direction to the maximum width of one of the two adjacent intermediate branch channels farther from the branch main channel 30 in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.

[0063] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, C is a preset constant value. The length of the branch main flow path 30 is L1, the width of the branch main flow path 30 is D1, and D1 3 =C·L1. Such a structural setting ensures that the fluid is transmitted in the flow channel with minimal energy consumption, improves the efficiency of fluid transmission, and reduces energy loss during battery operation. Such a setting also makes the distribution of the fluid in the branch main flow channel 30 more uniform, avoids excessive local concentration or dispersion of the fluid, thereby improving the utilization rate of the catalyst and the overall performance of the battery. Reasonable flow channel size design can also enhance the durability of the flow channel, reduce the wear and damage of the flow channel caused by fluid impact, and improve the life and reliability of the battery plate.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the length of each branch flow path 40 is L2, and the width of each branch flow path 40 is D2. 3 =C·L2.

[0065] It should be noted that the length is the dimension of the flow path along its own extending direction, and the width is the dimension of the flow path in a direction perpendicular to its own extending direction.

[0066] Specifically, along the extension direction of the branch main flow path 30, the cross section of the branch main flow path 30 is arc-shaped or polygonal. With such a structural setting, the arc-shaped cross section can reduce the resistance of the fluid in the flow channel, improve the fluid transmission efficiency, and make the fluid pass through the flow channel more smoothly. The polygonal cross-sectional design helps to control the distribution of the fluid in the flow channel, ensure that the fluid flows evenly in the flow channel, and avoid the accumulation of the fluid in the corners of the flow channel. The design of these two cross-sectional shapes can adapt to different processing technologies, such as laser cutting, etching or injection molding, reducing manufacturing costs and improving processing efficiency.

[0067] Specifically, along the extension direction of each branch flow path 40, the cross section of each branch flow path 40 is arc-shaped or polygonal. With such a structural setting, a reasonable cross-sectional shape design helps to control the pressure and flow rate of the fluid, reduce the formation of local hot spots and the occurrence of flooding, and improve the stability and efficiency of the battery.

[0068] Specifically, the polygon includes a triangle, a rectangle, and a trapezoid.

[0069] Specifically, the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch main flow path 30 remains unchanged along the extension direction of the branch main flow path 30. The cross-sectional area of ​​each branch branch flow path 40 remains unchanged along the extension direction of each branch branch flow path 40. In this way, the consistent cross-sectional shape design simplifies the flow channel structure, makes the flow channel design more standardized, and facilitates large-scale production and maintenance.

[0070] In this embodiment, each branch flow channel is a groove structure. Among them, the sum of the inner surface areas of each branch main flow channel 30 is equal to the sum of the inner surface areas of each branch branch flow channel 40. Such a structural setting ensures that the effective reaction area of ​​the reaction gas contact is consistent, so that the reaction is more sufficient, and the battery reaction efficiency and performance are effectively improved. In addition, by balancing the inner surface area of ​​the flow channel, the uniform distribution of liquid water between the flow channels can be promoted, and the accumulation of water in certain flow channel areas can be avoided, which helps to prevent the "flooding" phenomenon and further ensures the output stability and high-efficiency operation of the battery.

[0071] Specifically, each branch flow channel is a groove structure. The groove depth of each branch main flow channel 30 is equal to the groove depth of each branch branch flow channel 40. With such a structural setting, the same groove depth can ensure consistency in the transmission process of the fluid between the branch main flow channel 30 and the branch branch flow channel 40, avoid changes in fluid resistance caused by differences in flow channel depth, and improve the uniformity and stability of fluid transmission. Standardization of groove depth helps to reduce the pressure loss of the fluid inside the flow channel, reduces energy loss during fluid transmission, and improves the operating efficiency of the battery. The same groove depth design simplifies the manufacturing process of the flow channel, reduces processing difficulty, reduces manufacturing costs, and at the same time improves the consistency and precision of flow channel manufacturing.

[0072] Specifically, the main flow channel 20 is a groove structure, and the main flow channel 20 has a main end wall 22 and a main peripheral wall 23 that are connected to each other. Each branch flow channel is connected to the main peripheral wall 23, and the inlet 21 is set at the main end wall 22. With such a structural setting, the groove structure increases the inner surface area of ​​the main flow channel 20, which helps to improve the contact between the fluid and the flow channel wall, thereby promoting the transmission of the fluid and the diffusion of the gas, and improving the reaction efficiency. The connection method of the main end wall 22 and the main peripheral wall 23 improves the structural stability of the flow channel, reduces the risk of deformation or damage of the flow channel under high pressure, and thus prolongs the service life of the battery.

[0073] Specifically, the main channel 20 is an annular groove structure, one end of the main channel 20 forms an inlet 21, and each branch channel is connected to the annular peripheral wall of the main channel 20. With such a structural setting, the connection between the annular peripheral wall and the branch channel can better guide the fluid from the main channel 20 into the branch channel, ensure the smoothness and continuity of the fluid transmission, and reduce the retention of the fluid in the channel.

[0074] In this embodiment, the main pole plate 10 is a disc structure, and each branch outlet 41 is located at the periphery of the disc structure. With such a structural setting, the disc structure provides a radial path for the transmission of the fluid, which helps the fluid to spread evenly from the inlet 21 located in the center of the disc structure to the surroundings, reducing the pressure loss of the fluid inside the flow channel. The design of the branch outlet 41 located at the periphery of the disc can more effectively discharge the fluid from the electrode surface, thereby avoiding the accumulation of fluid inside the battery, improving the transmission efficiency of the fluid and the operating efficiency of the battery. The design of the branch outlet 41 at the periphery of the disc helps to quickly discharge liquid water, avoids the retention of water between the electrode and the flow channel, improves the water management ability of the battery, and reduces the occurrence of "flooding".

[0075] Specifically, the battery plate further includes a gas diffusion portion 50, which is arranged on the main plate 10 and is adjacent to each branch main flow path 30 and branch branch flow path 40. The gas diffusion portion 50 is a porous structure and is used to transport the reaction gas to the battery electrode surface.

[0076] Specifically, the battery plate is a bipolar plate, and both plate surfaces of the bipolar plate are provided with the aforementioned main flow channel 20 and a plurality of branch flow channels.

[0077] Specifically, the flow field structure on the battery plate in this scheme is a bionic lotus leaf-shaped flow field structure, which includes a gas flow field structure arranged in a lotus leaf-shaped flow field, and the gas flow field structure includes a reaction gas inlet (equivalent to the inlet 21), a reaction gas outlet (equivalent to the branch outlet 41) and a gas flow channel (equivalent to the main channel 20 and multiple branch flow channels). The reaction gas inlet is arranged at the center of the lotus leaf, and the reaction gas outlet is arranged at the edge of the lotus leaf. Specifically, there are a plurality of branch flow channels, which are distributed at the lotus leaf vein structure and extend to the lotus leaf edge.

[0078] In order to further verify the performance of the lotus leaf-shaped fuel cell flow channel structure designed in this scheme, the performance of the lotus leaf-shaped fuel cell flow channel is compared with that of the traditional serpentine fuel cell flow channel. The results are as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 This performance test is carried out at a relative humidity of 70%. Figure 3 Polarization curves and Figure 4 It can be seen from the power density curve that the performance of the lotus leaf flow channel is significantly better than that of the traditional serpentine flow channel 60. The polarization curve is between 0 and 0.6 A / cm 2 When the current density is higher than 0.6A / cm, the average voltage difference between the lotus leaf flow channel and the serpentine flow channel is 0.2V. 2 When the current density increases, the voltage attenuation of the lotus leaf channel is weak, and the voltage of the lotus leaf channel remains relatively stable. The voltage attenuation of the serpentine channel 60 is more obvious, and the voltage stability of the lotus leaf channel is significantly better than that of the serpentine channel 60. The power density curve is between 0 and 0.6 A / cm 2 When the current density is higher than 0.6A / cm, the power density difference between the lotus leaf-shaped flow channel and the serpentine flow channel 60 is small. 2 When the current density exceeds 1.5A / cm, the power density of the lotus leaf-shaped flow channel and the serpentine flow channel 60 are both improved, but the improvement of the lotus leaf-shaped flow channel is significantly better than that of the serpentine flow channel 60. 2The lotus leaf-shaped primary and secondary flow channel structure creates a pressure difference between adjacent flow channels, thereby promoting the increase of the concentration difference of the reaction gas, promoting the forced convection and diffusion of the reaction gas, effectively promoting the uniformity of gas transmission, and improving the utilization rate of the catalyst. When the current density increases, the voltage attenuation of the lotus leaf-shaped flow channel is better than that of the serpentine flow channel 60, and its power output is also higher than that of the serpentine flow channel 60 and more stable.

[0079] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a battery, and the battery includes the battery plate provided in the first embodiment.

[0080] The battery provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is used. By combining the main channel 20 with the multi-level branch channel, this channel design can significantly improve the uniformity of gas distribution on the battery plate. The main channel 20 on the main plate 10 serves as the gas introduction channel, while the branch channel (branch main channel 30 and branch branch channel 40) effectively distributes the gas to the entire electrode surface through its complex but orderly structure, and at the same time promotes the rapid discharge of liquid water generated by the reaction to the branch outlet 41, avoiding flooding and improving the operating efficiency and stability of the battery. The design of such a branch channel follows certain fluid dynamics principles. Through the reasonably arranged branch main channel 30 and branch branch channel 40, the length of the channel can be effectively shortened, thereby reducing the pressure drop between the inlet 21 and the branch outlet 41, while ensuring the distribution of gas on the entire electrode surface, and promoting forced convection and diffusion of the reaction gas. The design of this channel is a bionic channel that imitates the distribution of lotus leaf veins. The lotus leaf-shaped branch channel has a certain pressure gradient between adjacent channels, thereby promoting mass transfer and improving the uniformity of water distribution in the channel. At the same time, the lotus leaf-shaped branch flow channel effectively reduces the pressure loss from the flow channel inlet 21 to the branch outlet 41, so that the pressure difference between the flow channel inlet 21 and the branch outlet 41 is maintained at a relatively stable value, thereby facilitating the reduction of the battery working energy consumption. Therefore, the battery provided by this embodiment can solve the technical problem of large pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the battery plate flow channel in the prior art.

[0081] Specifically, the battery is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0082] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: simple structure, easy processing and low cost. The flow channel is designed according to the bionic lotus leaf structure, so that there is a pressure difference and a reaction gas concentration difference between adjacent flow channels, which promotes the forced convection and diffusion of the reaction gas, effectively promotes the uniformity of gas transmission, and effectively improves the performance of the fuel cell due to the uniform distribution of the reaction gas; on the other hand, the pressure gradient formed between adjacent flow channels promotes the transmission of water, making the distribution of water in the flow channel more uniform than that of the traditional flow channel, and alleviates the local drying phenomenon of the electrolyte membrane on the anode side. At the same time, the lotus leaf-shaped primary and secondary flow channels also reduce the pressure loss from the flow channel inlet to the outlet, and play a role in forced drainage, so that the water generated by the cathode can quickly discharge the diffusion layer and reach the outlet through the flow channel, effectively preventing or alleviating the cathode "flooding" phenomenon.

[0083] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0084] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the application. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0085] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0086] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0087] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery plate, characterized in that: include: A main electrode plate (10), the main electrode plate (10) having a main channel (20) and a plurality of branch channels that are connected in sequence, the inlet (21) of the main channel (20) being used to introduce gas, and the plurality of branch channels being arranged at intervals along the peripheral direction of the main channel (20); Each of the branch flow channels comprises a branch main flow path (30) and at least two branch branch flow paths (40), the at least two branch branch flow paths (40) are both connected to the branch main flow path (30), and one end of the branch branch flow path (40) away from the branch main flow path (30) forms a branch outlet (41) for exhausting gas.

2. The battery plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the branch flow channels also includes an intermediate branch flow path, the inlet connection end of the intermediate branch flow path is connected to the outlet end of the branch main flow path (30), the intermediate branch flow path has at least one outlet connection end, and the inlet end of one of the branch branch flow paths (40) is connected to one of the outlet connection ends of the intermediate branch flow path.

3. The battery plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: a and b are both positive integers; There is one intermediate branch flow path, the ratio of the number of the intermediate branch flow paths to the number of the branch main flow paths (30) is 1, and the ratio of the number of the at least two branch branch flow paths (40) to the number of the intermediate branch flow paths is 2 b-1 ; or, There are a plurality of intermediate branch flow paths, and the plurality of intermediate branch flow paths are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main flow path (30) to the at least two branch branch flow paths (40), and the ratio of the number of portions of the plurality of intermediate branch flow paths adjacent to the branch main flow path (30) to the number of the branch main flow paths (30) is 2 a-1 The ratio of the number of the at least two branch flow paths (40) to the number of the portions of the plurality of intermediate flow paths adjacent to the at least two branch flow paths (40) is 2 b-1 .

4. The battery plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: 90°＜α＜180°； The minimum value of the angle between one of at least two of the branch flow paths (40) and the branch main flow path (30) is α; and / or, There is one intermediate branch flow path, the minimum value of the angle between the intermediate branch flow path and the branch main flow path (30) is α, and the minimum value of the angle between one of at least two branch branch flow paths (40) and the intermediate branch flow path is α; or, There are a plurality of intermediate branch flow paths, and the plurality of intermediate branch flow paths are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main flow path (30) to the at least two branch branch flow paths (40), the minimum value of the angle between one of the intermediate branch flow paths adjacent to the branch main flow path (30) and the branch main flow path (30) is α, and the minimum value of the angle between one of the at least two branch branch flow paths (40) and one of the intermediate branch flow paths adjacent to one of the at least two branch branch flow paths (40) is α.

5. The battery plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is one intermediate branch flow path, and the ratio of the maximum width of the intermediate branch flow path in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the branch main flow path (30) in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3; the ratio of the maximum width of one of at least two branch flow paths (40) in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the intermediate branch flow path in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3; or, There are a plurality of intermediate branch channels, and the plurality of intermediate branch channels are arranged in sequence along the extension direction from the branch main channel (30) to the at least two branch branch channels (40); the ratio of the maximum width of one of the intermediate branch channels adjacent to the branch main channel (30) in its own extension direction to the maximum width of the branch main channel (30) in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3; the ratio of the maximum width of one of the at least two branch channels (40) in its own extension direction to the maximum width of one of the intermediate branch channels adjacent to one of the at least two branch channels (40) in its own extension direction is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.

6. The battery plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: C is a preset constant value; The length of the branch main flow path (30) is L1, the width of the branch main flow path (30) is D1, and D1 3 = C·L1; and / or, The length of each branch flow path (40) is L2, and the width of each branch flow path (40) is D2,D2 3 =C·L2。 7. The battery plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the branch main flow path (30), the cross section of the branch main flow path (30) is arc-shaped or polygonal; and / or, Along the extension direction of each branch flow path (40), the cross section of each branch flow path (40) is arc-shaped or polygonal.

8. The battery plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Each of the branch flow channels is a groove structure; wherein the sum of the inner surface areas of the branch main flow paths (30) is equal to the sum of the inner surface areas of the branch tributary flow paths (40); and / or, The groove depth of each of the branch main flow paths (30) is equal to the groove depth of each of the branch tributary flow paths (40).

9. The battery plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The main flow channel (20) is a groove structure, the main flow channel (20) has a main end wall (22) and a main peripheral wall (23) connected to each other, each of the branch flow channels is connected to the main peripheral wall (23), and the inlet (21) is arranged at the main end wall (22); or, the main flow channel (20) is an annular groove structure, one end of the main flow channel (20) surrounds the inlet (21), and each of the branch flow channels is connected to the annular peripheral wall of the main flow channel (20); and / or, The main pole plate (10) is a disc structure, and each of the branch outlets (41) is located at the periphery of the disc structure.

10. A battery, characterized in that: include: The battery plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images