Control method, system and device of fuel cell system and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method, system and device of a fuel cell system, and a storage medium. The control method comprises the following steps: acquiring a stack temperature of a fuel cell stack in a power generation process; obtaining the new hydrogen temperature of the new hydrogen output by the buffer tank; acquiring the environment temperature of the fuel cell system; judging whether the stack temperature meets a first preset temperature range or not to obtain a first judgment result; whether the new hydrogen temperature meets a second preset temperature range or not is judged, and a second judgment result is obtained; judging whether the environment temperature meets a third preset temperature range or not to obtain a third judgment result; and based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result, adjusting the heat dissipation capability and the liquid hydrogen heating mode of the fuel cell system. The embodiment of the invention can improve the heat dissipation capability of the air cooling system in the air cooling fuel cell system adopting liquid hydrogen supply and the utilization rate of liquid hydrogen cold energy, and can be widely applied to the fuel cell technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to fuel cell technology, and in particular to a control method, system, device and storage medium for a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] Air-cooled fuel cells are a type of hydrogen fuel cell, which generally uses compressed hydrogen, liquid hydrogen and other methods to store hydrogen. Among them, the liquid hydrogen storage method can effectively solve the endurance problem when using hydrogen fuel cells due to its high unit hydrogen storage density, and is regarded as a hydrogen storage method with broad prospects in the future. The working principle of hydrogen fuel cells supplied with liquid hydrogen is to introduce heated and vaporized hydrogen and oxygen in the air into the battery, and an electrochemical reaction occurs under the action of a catalyst. Hydrogen is decomposed into protons and electrons at the anode. The protons reach the cathode through the proton exchange membrane, while the electrons flow through the external circuit to form an electric current to power external devices. At the cathode, protons and oxygen combine to form water and release heat energy. Throughout the process, the air cooling system is responsible for heat dissipation to ensure that the battery operates stably at an appropriate temperature. This type of fuel cell has the characteristics of high efficiency, zero pollution and good stability.

[0003] Generally, air-cooled systems use an open cathode design or a microtube array heat sink between the plates to dissipate heat. However, both methods require more power to be supplied to the fan in the air-cooled system to remove heat from the system by increasing air flow. In addition, when the ambient temperature is high or the system is continuously working at high loads, the heat dissipation capacity may be insufficient. Secondly, in air-cooled fuel cell systems that use liquid hydrogen as a supply, electric heating or fans blowing out hot air from the stack are generally used to heat the liquid hydrogen. However, these methods cannot fully utilize the cold energy of liquid hydrogen and will result in a waste of liquid hydrogen cold energy. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve one of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a control method, system, device and storage medium for a fuel cell system, which can improve the heat dissipation capacity of the air cooling system in an air-cooled fuel cell system supplied with liquid hydrogen and the utilization rate of liquid hydrogen cooling energy.

[0005] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system includes a fan group, a fuel cell stack, and a liquid hydrogen tank, a three-way valve, a liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and a buffer tank connected in sequence; the liquid hydrogen vaporization device includes a first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and a second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located between the fan group and one side of the fuel cell stack, and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located on the other side of the fuel cell stack, and the control method includes:

[0006] Obtaining the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; obtaining the temperature of new hydrogen at the outlet of the buffer tank; obtaining the ambient temperature of the fuel cell system;

[0007] Determine whether the temperature of the battery stack meets a first preset temperature range, and obtain a first determination result;

[0008] Determining whether the new hydrogen temperature meets a second preset temperature range, and obtaining a second determination result;

[0009] Determine whether the ambient temperature meets a third preset temperature range, and obtain a third determination result;

[0010] Based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result, the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted.

[0011] Specifically, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are both attached with a heating plate; the adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and / or liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system includes:

[0012] adjusting the fan speed of the fan group;

[0013] and / or, adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporizing device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporizing device by means of the three-way valve;

[0014] And / or, adjusting the heating power of the heating plate.

[0015] Optionally, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes:

[0016] If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is lower than the preset minimum stack temperature, the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result.

[0017] Specifically, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes:

[0018] If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is greater than the lowest preset ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is adjusted to the lowest speed, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are adjusted to the preset highest threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset lowest new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset lowest new hydrogen temperature;

[0019] If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum preset ambient temperature, turn off the fan group, start the heating plate, and adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature does not meet the preset new hydrogen temperature range, adjust the heating power of the heating plate until the new hydrogen temperature meets the preset new hydrogen temperature range.

[0020] Optionally, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes:

[0021] If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is higher than the preset maximum stack temperature, the fan group speed of the fan group is adjusted to the minimum speed, the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is adjusted to the preset minimum threshold, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device is adjusted to the preset maximum threshold;

[0022] Determining whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature meets the second preset temperature range, and obtaining the adjusted determination result;

[0023] Based on the adjusted judgment result, the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group are adjusted again.

[0024] Specifically, the re-adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group includes:

[0025] If the adjusted judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, it is judged again whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0026] If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is greater than the preset maximum stack temperature, increase the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and return to execute the second determination whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0027] If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is less than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is reduced, the fan speed of the fan group is increased, and the process returns to executing the second determination of whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0028] If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than the preset minimum ambient temperature, increase the fan speed of the fan group, and return to execute the second determination whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0029] If the result of the re-judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is less than the preset maximum stack temperature, the adjustment is terminated.

[0030] Optionally, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes:

[0031] If the first judgment result is that the temperature of the fuel cell stack meets the preset first temperature range, adjusting the fan speed of the fan group to the minimum wind speed, and adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold value;

[0032] If the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0033] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for a fuel cell system, the control system comprising a processor and the fuel cell system as described above, the processor being used to implement the control method as described above.

[0034] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control device for a fuel cell, comprising:

[0035] at least one processor;

[0036] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0037] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method as described above.

[0038] On the other hand, an example of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a program executable by a processor is stored. When the program executable by the processor is executed by the processor, it is used to perform the method as described above.

[0039] In summary, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by implementing the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention provides a control method, system, device and storage medium for a fuel cell system. The control method obtains the temperature of key parts in the fuel cell system in real time, determines the relationship between the temperature and the corresponding preset temperature range, and adjusts the distribution method of the liquid hydrogen supply flow in the fuel cell system, the fan speed of the fan group and the heating power of the heating plate according to the judgment result; through the adjustment, the system can effectively utilize the liquid hydrogen cooling energy in the liquid hydrogen supply and the heat generated when the fuel cell stack is working, so as to adjust the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system, and effectively improve the heat dissipation capacity of the air cooling system in the air-cooled fuel cell system using liquid hydrogen supply and the utilization rate of the liquid hydrogen cooling energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of a control method for a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a control method of a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of another fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid hydrogen vaporization device and a heating plate thereof provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a heat sink provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a part of the components of the fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another part of the components of the fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 9 It is a structural block diagram of a control device for a fuel system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Labels: 1-liquid hydrogen tank, 2-liquid hydrogen pump, 3-three-way valve, 4-first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, 4.1-liquid hydrogen flow channel, 4.2-heat conducting fins, 5-front channel heating plate, 6-second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, 7-rear channel heating plate, 8-buffer tank, 9-pressure regulating valve, 10-exhaust valve, 11-single battery, 12-heat sink, 12.1-evaporation zone, 12.2-condensation zone, 13-patrol controller (CVTM), 14

[0051] -Fuel cell system controller (FCU), 15-Fuel cell system housing, 16-Filter element, 17-Fan group, 17.1-Top fan group, 17.2-Middle fan group, 17.3-Bottom fan group, 18-Liquid hydrogen temperature sensor, 19-New hydrogen pressure sensor, 20-New hydrogen temperature sensor, 21-Ambient temperature sensor, 22-End plate, 23-Fasten bolts, 24-Current collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The step numbers in the following embodiments are only provided for the convenience of explanation and description, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way. The execution order of each step in the embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0053] Several terms involved in this application are explained as follows:

[0054] Fuel cell: A power generation device that converts the chemical energy of fuel and oxidant directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reaction, also known as electrochemical generator. Its working principle is: the raw fuel as reactant (such as natural gas, oil, methanol, etc.) is separated into hydrogen through the "fuel reforming device" and then enters the battery body. At the same time, oxygen in the air also enters the battery body and is supplied to the battery electrodes respectively. The hydrogen and oxygen undergo electrochemical reaction through the electrolyte, generating a potential difference and forming a low-voltage DC output.

[0055] Air-cooled fuel cell: An innovative environmentally friendly energy technology that uses air-cooling technology to promote air flow to improve heat dissipation and generate electricity through the reaction of hydrogen and air. Compared with traditional water-cooling systems, air-cooled fuel cells do not require complex heat exchange equipment, reducing system cost and weight. It has high efficiency, zero pollution and excellent stability. The reaction product is only water, which is environmentally friendly.

[0056] Open cathode design: An innovative fuel cell design that eliminates the traditional cathode flow channel and allows air to pass directly through the middle of the stack, providing heat dissipation for the stack and directly supplying oxygen required for the reaction. This design simplifies the system structure, reduces component requirements, and increases power density, greatly reducing the mass and volume of the entire power system, and has broad prospects in application scenarios such as portable power supplies and emergency power supplies.

[0057] Micropipe array heat sink: An efficient heat dissipation structure, formed by integrating multiple micro heat pipes on a flat plate. It quickly conducts and disperses heat to a larger area through the phase change cycle of the internal working fluid. It has the characteristics of high thermal conductivity, compact structure, low temperature gradient and high reliability. It is widely used in electronic equipment, aerospace devices and other fields to meet high power density and high heat dissipation requirements.

[0058] Liquid hydrogen vaporization device: A device used to convert liquid hydrogen into gaseous hydrogen, usually including a heating system and a fluid transmission system. By heating liquid hydrogen and controlling its vaporization process, it stably outputs gaseous hydrogen for use in fuel cells and other applications. This device is efficient, compact and safe, and is of great significance for improving the efficiency of hydrogen energy utilization and promoting the development of hydrogen energy technology.

[0059] Fuel cell stack: The core component of the fuel cell system, composed of multiple fuel cell monomers stacked together, which directly converts the chemical energy of fuel (such as hydrogen) and oxidant (such as oxygen) into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. It has the advantages of high energy density, low emissions, and high efficiency, and is widely used in automobiles, distributed power generation, backup power supplies and other fields.

[0060] Parasitic power: refers to the power loss generated when the accessories in each subsystem of the fuel cell system are working normally, such as air compressors, water pumps, hydrogen circulation pumps, fans, etc. The magnitude of parasitic power mainly depends on the demand of the accessories to ensure the target output power when the stack is running under different working conditions.

[0061] Purge valve: commonly known as purge valve, vent valve, exhaust valve, purge valve, flushing valve or cleaning valve, is a valve widely used in a variety of industrial and technical fields. Its basic function is to control the flow of gas, especially when it is necessary to discharge or introduce gas from one system or container into another system.

[0062] GDL: Gas Diffusion Layer, divided into cathode gas diffusion layer (CGDL) and anode gas diffusion layer (AGDL), is a structure located between the microporous layer and the plate. It is a key component in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The main function is to provide channels for reaction gases (such as hydrogen and oxygen) so that they can be evenly distributed on the catalyst layer and participate in the electrochemical reaction. At the same time, it can effectively discharge the water and heat generated by the reaction to maintain the water balance and heat balance inside the battery. The gas diffusion layer is usually made of carbon paper or carbon cloth with high conductivity, high porosity and good mechanical strength to ensure efficient gas transmission and stable operation of the battery.

[0063] MPL: Microporous Layer, divided into cathode microporous layer (CMPL) and anode microporous layer (AMPL), is a structure located between the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer. The microporous layer helps to reduce the transmission resistance of oxygen from the gas diffusion layer to the catalyst layer, allowing the reactants to reach the catalytic active sites more effectively; at the same time, it can improve the water discharge path, maintain an appropriate humidity environment, and ensure that the proton exchange membrane is neither too dry nor flooded.

[0064] CL: Catalyst Layer, divided into cathode microporous layer (CCL) and anode microporous layer (ACL), located between the microporous layer and the proton exchange membrane, generally composed of carbon carrier, precious metal catalyst and ionomer. It is mainly responsible for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the electrochemical reaction. In this layer, oxygen combines with protons (H+) transmitted from the anode through the proton exchange membrane, and at the same time receives electrons from the external circuit, and finally generates water.

[0065] PEM: Proton Exchange Membrane, a key component widely used in the field of electrochemistry, especially in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). PEM is a solid polymer electrolyte that allows protons (i.e. hydrogen ions) to migrate from the anode to the cathode through the membrane while preventing electrons from passing directly through the membrane, thus forcing the electrons to flow through an external circuit to generate current.

[0066] PEMFC: The abbreviation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, is an electrochemical energy conversion device based on the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.

[0067] Cell Voltage Temperature Monitor (CVTM): Cell Voltage Temperature Monitor, a fuel cell patrol controller used to monitor the voltage and temperature information of a single cell in a fuel cell stack.

[0068] Fuel Cell Unit (FCU): It is the core management component of the fuel cell engine system. It is responsible for receiving sensor signals, monitoring and adjusting system status, outputting execution instructions, and exchanging information with other loading controllers to ensure efficient and stable operation of the fuel cell engine.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a fuel cell system, and the structure of the corresponding fuel cell system is as follows Figure 2 As shown in the figure and its corresponding process is as follows Figure 3 The fuel cell system includes a fan group, a fuel cell stack, and a liquid hydrogen tank, a three-way valve, a liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and a buffer tank connected in sequence; the liquid hydrogen vaporization device includes a first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and a second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located between the fan group and one side of the fuel cell stack, and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located on the other side of the fuel cell stack; the control method provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0070] S100: Acquire the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; acquire the temperature of new hydrogen at the outlet of the buffer tank; and acquire the ambient temperature of the fuel cell system.

[0071] The stack temperature (T_cell), new hydrogen temperature (T_h2) and ambient temperature (ambient temperature Te) in the air-cooled fuel cell system are acquired by temperature sensors installed at key positions of the fuel cell system, so that the obtained temperature is used as a reference for subsequent system adjustments.

[0072] Specifically, the temperature of the battery stack is obtained by reading the temperature of each single battery cell through a temperature sensor arranged on the single battery cell, and the comprehensive evaluation temperature of the battery stack is obtained through weighted calculation and output.

[0073] Specifically, the buffer tank receives hydrogen from the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, neutralizes the hydrogen delivered from both ends in the buffer tank, and delivers it to the fuel cell stack for reaction and power generation. To this end, a new hydrogen temperature sensor is set at the hydrogen delivery outlet of the buffer tank to obtain the new hydrogen temperature of the new hydrogen output by the buffer tank in real time.

[0074] S200: Determine whether the temperature of the fuel cell stack meets the first preset temperature range and obtain a first judgment result; determine whether the temperature of the new hydrogen meets the second preset temperature range and obtain a second judgment result; determine whether the ambient temperature meets the third preset temperature range and obtain a third judgment result.

[0075] The stack temperature, new hydrogen temperature and ambient temperature are judged to determine whether the air-cooled fuel cell is operating normally and efficiently.

[0076] Specifically, the setting of the first preset temperature range, that is, the lowest and highest temperatures of the optimal operating temperature range of the air-cooled fuel cell, is mainly based on the fuel cell material and the mass transfer and water-heat balance characteristics inside the fuel cell to set the temperature range for optimal fuel cell performance.

[0077] Specifically, the second preset range includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the new hydrogen temperature. In order to prevent the temperature of the incoming hydrogen from being too low, which will cause the temperature of the fuel cell stack to be too low, resulting in low internal reaction efficiency and low fuel cell stack output power. In severe cases, the water inside the fuel cell stack that diffuses from the cathode to the anode will freeze and block the flow channel and damage the fuel cell stack components. The minimum new hydrogen temperature setting range is about 5-10°C.

[0078] Specifically, the third preset temperature includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the ambient temperature. To prevent the top fan from being started or the fan speed from being controlled too high when the ambient temperature is too low, which may cause the stack temperature to be too low, the internal reaction efficiency to be low, and the stack output power to be low. In severe cases, the water generated at the cathode of the stack may freeze and block the flow channel and damage the stack components. The minimum ambient temperature is set in the range of about 5-10°C.

[0079] Specifically, if the ambient temperature and the temperature of the new hydrogen are too high or too low, the performance of the fuel cell stack will be affected, and even irreversible damage will be caused to the fuel cell stack. In actual application, the settings of the second preset temperature range and the third preset temperature range need to be adaptively revised according to the characteristics of the designed and manufactured products.

[0080] S300: Based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result, adjust the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system.

[0081] The temperature of key parts of the system is determined, and the operation of some equipment in the system is adjusted according to the determination results. The heat dissipation capacity of the air cooling system and the liquid hydrogen heating method are adjusted to make the temperature of the fuel cell stack and the temperature of the new hydrogen meet the corresponding preset temperature range, ensuring that the fuel cell system is in a normal state and generates electricity efficiently.

[0082] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, both the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are attached with a heating plate; the method of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity of the fuel cell system and the liquid hydrogen heating method includes one or more of the following methods:

[0083] Adjust the fan speed of the fan group;

[0084] adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporizing device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporizing device by means of a three-way valve;

[0085] Adjust the heating power of the heating plate.

[0086] Parameters such as ambient temperature, new hydrogen temperature, current density, and fan speed will affect the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack. This article aims to achieve optimal control of the fuel cell stack operating temperature by controlling the fan speed and liquid hydrogen cooling energy distribution.

[0087] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the process of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result in step S300 may include the following steps:

[0088] S311: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is lower than the preset minimum stack temperature, adjust the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result.

[0089] Specifically, the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result, including the following two situations:

[0090] Case 1: If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is greater than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is adjusted to the minimum speed, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are adjusted to the preset maximum threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0091] Specifically, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device correspond to the front channel and the rear channel of the liquid hydrogen supply, respectively. The liquid hydrogen in the front and rear channels can exchange heat with the air when the air temperature is sufficient, and the liquid hydrogen in the rear channel can exchange heat with the hot air blown out of the stack when the stack temperature is appropriate. The liquid hydrogen in the front and rear channels finally exchanges heat in the buffer tank to achieve temperature neutralization.

[0092] Specifically, because the ambient temperature is greater than the minimum preset temperature, it means that the air temperature is greater than the liquid hydrogen temperature, and heat can be exchanged with liquid hydrogen to achieve a certain degree of heating of the liquid hydrogen. However, the heat exchange between liquid hydrogen and air is limited, and the heating of liquid hydrogen cannot be achieved only in this way. It is still necessary to use the hot air blown out from the fuel cell stack through the rear channel for heat exchange to achieve a suitable temperature for the new hydrogen entering the stack. Fully opening the front and rear channels is only a preliminary setting, and some adjustments need to be made in actual situations, such as the front channel has the smallest opening and the rear channel has the largest opening. In addition, because the ambient temperature is still greater than the minimum temperature, at this temperature, if the fuel cell stack is working under a large load, the temperature of the fuel cell stack will rise very quickly, so ensuring a certain opening of the front channel is conducive to the dynamic control and regulation of the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0093] Case 2: If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum preset ambient temperature, turn off the fan group, start the heating plate, and adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature does not meet the preset new hydrogen temperature range, adjust the heating power of the heating plate until the new hydrogen temperature meets the preset new hydrogen temperature range.

[0094] Specifically, at this time, the temperature of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature are both relatively low, and it is difficult to heat and increase the temperature of the liquid hydrogen through heat exchange with the air. It can only be heated by powering the heating plate on the liquid hydrogen vaporization device. In order to speed up and ensure the heating effect of the liquid hydrogen, adjust the three-way valve to a state where the front and rear channels are fully open. At this time, the heating plates on both sides heat the liquid hydrogen at the same time. Adjust the heating power of the heating plate (if the temperature of the new hydrogen is too low, increase the heating power of the heating plate; if the temperature of the new hydrogen is too high, reduce the heating power of the heating plate) until the temperature of the new hydrogen meets the preset new hydrogen temperature range.

[0095] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the process of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result in step S300 may include the following steps:

[0096] S321: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is higher than the preset maximum stack temperature, adjust the fan speed of the fan group to the minimum speed, adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset minimum threshold, and adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold;

[0097] Specifically, in step S321, because the ambient temperature is not judged at this time, it is unknown whether the air can provide enough heat for the liquid hydrogen heating and the effect on the heat dissipation of the stack. At the same time, in order to avoid the adverse effect on the stack caused by the low air temperature on the air inlet side and insufficient liquid hydrogen heating when the liquid hydrogen flow rate in the front channel is too large, the front channel opening is set to the minimum first, and then according to the temperature feedback of the temperature sensor, if there is still a need to increase the heat dissipation, the front channel opening is gradually increased, so that more liquid hydrogen flows from the front channel, thereby using more liquid hydrogen cooling energy to dissipate the heat of the stack.

[0098] S322: Determine whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature meets the second preset temperature range, and obtain an adjusted determination result;

[0099] S323: Based on the adjusted judgment result, the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group are adjusted again.

[0100] Optionally, the process of re-adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group in step S313 includes:

[0101] If the result of the adjustment is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, it is determined again whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature. The results of the second determination may include the following situations:

[0102] Case 1: If the result of the second judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is greater than the preset maximum stack temperature, increase the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and return to execute a second judgment to determine whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0103] Specifically, when the result of the second judgment shows that the current valve opening state (front channel first gear, rear channel fully open) still cannot meet the heat dissipation capacity requirements of the fuel cell stack, it is necessary to increase the opening of the front channel to allow more liquid hydrogen to flow from the front channel, and use the cold energy of the liquid hydrogen to further reduce the air temperature on the air inlet side, thereby improving the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack.

[0104] Case 2: If the result of the second judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset minimum ambient temperature, reduce the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, increase the fan speed of the fan group, and return to execute a second judgment to determine whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is higher than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0105] Specifically, when the temperature of the new hydrogen is too low (does not meet the requirements for entering the stack), if the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum temperature, it means that the heat exchange effect between liquid hydrogen and air is very poor at this time. The only thing to do is to reduce the liquid hydrogen flow in the front channel so that more liquid hydrogen can enter the stack from the rear channel, and make full use of the hot air blown out from the fuel cell stack for heat exchange and temperature increase. However, in order to ensure the cooling of the fuel cell stack, the fan speed needs to be increased.

[0106] Case 3: If the result of the second judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than the preset minimum ambient temperature, increase the fan speed of the fan group, and return to execute a second judgment to determine whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0107] Specifically, when the temperature of the new hydrogen is too low (does not meet the requirements for entering the reactor), if the ambient temperature is greater than the minimum temperature, it means that the air temperature is higher than the liquid hydrogen temperature. The heat exchange between liquid hydrogen and air can be enhanced by increasing the fan speed to achieve a certain degree of temperature increase in the liquid hydrogen.

[0108] Case 4: If the result of the second judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is less than the preset maximum stack temperature, the adjustment is terminated.

[0109] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the process of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result in step S300 may include the following steps:

[0110] S331: If the first judgment result is that the temperature of the fuel cell stack meets the preset first temperature range, adjust the fan speed of the fan group to the minimum wind speed, and adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold;

[0111] Specifically, because the heat generated by the fuel cell stack per unit time is large, the amount of hydrogen required per unit time corresponds to a relatively small amount of heat required for vaporizing liquid hydrogen. When the fuel cell stack is within the operating temperature range, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack is sufficient to vaporize the liquid hydrogen.

[0112] S332: If the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, increase the fan speed of the fan group until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0113] Specifically, when the fuel cell stack is within the stable operating range, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack is sufficient to vaporize liquid hydrogen. If the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed is increased to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid hydrogen in the rear channel so that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0114] The control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0115] (1) Make full use of liquid hydrogen cooling energy to improve the system's heat dissipation capacity and reduce cooling fan noise:

[0116] Integrate the liquid hydrogen vaporization device into the air-cooled fuel cell system, use the liquid hydrogen cooling energy in the front channel to reduce the incoming air temperature, and cooperate with the cooling fan to improve the overall heat dissipation capacity of the system. The introduction of liquid hydrogen cooling energy in the rear channel of the fuel cell cooling system can further reduce the demand for cooling fans, reduce the required speed of cooling fans, and reduce noise.

[0117] (2) Liquid hydrogen zone thermal management, adjust the liquid hydrogen heating method:

[0118] A three-way valve is set to divert liquid hydrogen according to different scenarios (ambient temperature, stack temperature, hydrogen supply demand) and actual thermal management requirements, and to achieve diversion flow control. The heating power of the heating plate and the fan speed control as well as the heat of the stack heat sink are combined to further improve the heating capacity of liquid hydrogen and achieve better liquid hydrogen heating and gasification control.

[0119] (3) Integrated thermal management to reduce parasitic power of accessories and improve overall system efficiency:

[0120] The integrated hydrogen (liquid hydrogen) supply system and fuel cell cooling system can fully utilize the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen and the heat generated by the fuel cell stack to achieve dynamic thermal management through the control and regulation of multiple systems, further reduce the parasitic power of system accessories (cooling fan group, heating plate), increase the net power output of the system, and improve the overall efficiency of the system.

[0121] (4) Integrated thermal management to improve the system's adaptability to multiple scenarios:

[0122] Through system control and adjustment for low and high ambient temperature scenarios, cold start and hot engine start conditions, a dynamic balance of the system's overall cooling and heating demands can be achieved, improving the system's multi-scenario adaptability.

[0123] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a control system for a fuel cell system, the control system comprising a processor and any one of the fuel cell systems mentioned in the above method embodiments; the processor is used to implement the control method mentioned in the above method embodiments

[0124] It can be seen that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present system embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present system embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0125] like Figures 4 to 8As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides another fuel cell system, including: 1-liquid hydrogen tank, 2-liquid hydrogen pump, 3-three-way valve, 4-first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, 4.1-liquid hydrogen flow channel, 4.2-heat conducting fins, 5-front channel heating plate, 6-second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, 7-rear channel heating plate, 8-buffer tank, 9-pressure regulating valve, 10-exhaust valve, 11-single battery, 12-heat sink, 12.1-evaporation zone, 12.2-condensation zone, 13-patrol controller (CVTM), 14-fuel cell system controller (FCU), 15-fuel cell system housing, 16-filter element, 17-fan group, 17.1-top fan group, 17.2-middle fan group, 17.3-bottom fan group, 18-liquid hydrogen temperature sensor, 19-new hydrogen pressure sensor, 20-new hydrogen temperature sensor, 21-ambient temperature sensor, 22-end plate, 23-fastening bolts, 24-collecting plate.

[0126] like Figures 7-8 , which is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of some components of the fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0127] Specifically, the fuel cell stack includes an end plate 24, a current collecting plate 26, a heat sink 12, a single cell 11 and a fastening bolt 25; the single cell 11 is composed of a plate and a seven-in-one membrane electrode assembly. The seven-in-one membrane electrode assembly includes a cathode gas diffusion layer (CGDL), an anode gas diffusion layer (AGDL), a cathode microporous layer (CMPL), an anode microporous layer (AMPL), a cathode microporous layer (CCL), an anode microporous layer (ACL) and a proton exchange membrane PEM.

[0128] Specifically, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is composed of a liquid hydrogen tank 1 , a liquid hydrogen pump 2 , a three-way valve 3 , a first liquid hydrogen vaporization device 4 , a second liquid hydrogen vaporization device 6 , a buffer tank 8 , and a pressure regulating valve 9 .

[0129] Specifically, the patrol controller 13 (CVTM) reads the temperature of each single cell through the temperature sensor arranged on the single cell, obtains the comprehensive evaluation temperature of the battery stack through weighted calculation, and obtains the voltage value of each single cell by measuring the potential on each cell.

[0130] Furthermore, the temperature of all cells can be obtained through the patrol controller 13 (CVTM), and the speed of the cooling fan group 17 can be adjusted according to the temperature distribution of the cells, the ambient temperature, the output demand of the stack, the oxygen supply demand and the opening of the channel before the three-way valve, so as to achieve uniform temperature control of multiple slices and multiple areas of the stack. For example, if the temperature in the middle of the stack is higher, the speed of the fan in the middle of each group is increased while meeting the normal oxygen supply demand of the stack, and the heat balance of each part of the stack is adjusted with the cold energy of liquid hydrogen to meet the heat dissipation demand of the stack.

[0131] Specifically, the fan group 17 is arranged at the front end of the stack (the air inlet side), and is divided into three groups: the top fan group 17.1, the middle fan group 17.2, and the bottom fan group 17.3. Each group has three fans, and the fan speed can be controlled by the fuel cell system controller (FCU) 14. A filter element 16 is also installed in front of the fan group 17 to filter dust in the air and ensure that the air entering the system is clean. At the same time, a through hole is opened at the rear end of the fuel cell system housing, and the air after heat exchange with the heat sink 12 and the liquid hydrogen vaporization device 4 / 6 can be discharged from it.

[0132] Specifically, when the air-cooled fuel cell is working, the bottom 17.3 and middle 17.2 fan groups are always in the open (working) state. Because the air-cooled fuel cell has an open cathode structure, it is necessary to supplement the cathode with fresh air (oxygen) through the middle and bottom fan groups, and at the same time take away part of the heat generated by the fuel cell from the cathode; the bottom and middle fan groups will dynamically adjust the fan speed according to the output power requirement of the fuel cell to meet the reaction oxygen supply demand.

[0133] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heat sink provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The heat sink 12 includes an evaporation area 12.1 and a condensation area 12.2.

[0134] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown in Figures (a) to (c), the front channel heating plate 5 and the rear channel heating plate 7 are respectively close to the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device 4 and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device 6, wherein the liquid hydrogen vaporization device 4 includes a liquid hydrogen flow channel 4.1 and a heat-conducting fin 4.2; the heating power can be controlled by the fuel cell system controller (FCU) 14, and the temperature closed-loop control can be achieved by monitoring the hydrogen temperature through the new hydrogen temperature sensor 20.

[0135] Specifically, the new hydrogen pressure sensor 19 reads the new hydrogen pressure at all times, adjusts the opening of the pressure regulating valve 9 according to the working conditions, and implements closed-loop control through the new hydrogen pressure sensor 19.

[0136] Specifically, the anode adopts a dead-end mode, and the nitrogen and water in the anode are discharged by controlling the exhaust valve 10 (mainly referring to the Purge valve in the embodiment of the present invention) to be opened intermittently.

[0137] like Fig. 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control device for a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0138] at least one processor;

[0139] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0140] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the control method steps of the above method embodiment.

[0141] Among them, the memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. The memory may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a remote memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0142] It can be seen that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present device embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0143] In addition, the embodiment of the present application also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which is stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device can read the computer program from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer program, so that the computer device performs the above method.

[0144] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a program executable by a processor, and the program executable by the processor is used to implement the above method when executed by the processor. Similarly, the contents of the above method embodiment are all applicable to the present storage medium embodiment, and the functions specifically implemented by the present storage medium embodiment are the same as those of the above method embodiment, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiment.

[0145] It is understood that all or some steps and systems in the disclosed method above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware and appropriate combinations thereof. Some physical components or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor or a microprocessor, or implemented as hardware, or implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, and the computer-readable medium can include a computer storage medium (or a non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or a temporary medium). As known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data). Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

[0146] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A control method for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell system comprises a fan group, a fuel cell stack, and a liquid hydrogen tank, a three-way valve, a liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and a buffer tank connected in sequence; the liquid hydrogen vaporization device comprises a first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and a second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located between the fan group and one side of the fuel cell stack, and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located on the other side of the fuel cell stack, and the control method comprises: Obtaining the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; obtaining the temperature of new hydrogen at the outlet of the buffer tank; obtaining the ambient temperature of the fuel cell system; Determine whether the temperature of the battery stack meets a first preset temperature range, and obtain a first determination result; Determining whether the new hydrogen temperature meets a second preset temperature range, and obtaining a second determination result; Determine whether the ambient temperature meets a third preset temperature range, and obtain a third determination result; Based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result, the heat dissipation capacity and / or the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are both provided with a heating plate; the method of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and / or liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system includes: adjusting the fan speed of the fan group; and / or, adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporizing device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporizing device by means of the three-way valve; And / or, adjusting the heating power of the heating plate.

3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is lower than the preset minimum stack temperature, the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result.

4. The control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes: If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is greater than the lowest preset ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is adjusted to the lowest speed, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are adjusted to the preset highest threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset lowest new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset lowest new hydrogen temperature; If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum preset ambient temperature, turn off the fan group, start the heating plate, and adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature does not meet the preset new hydrogen temperature range, adjust the heating power of the heating plate until the new hydrogen temperature meets the preset new hydrogen temperature range.

5. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is higher than the preset maximum stack temperature, the fan group speed of the fan group is adjusted to the minimum speed, the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is adjusted to the preset minimum threshold, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device is adjusted to the preset maximum threshold; Determining whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature meets the second preset temperature range, and obtaining the adjusted determination result; Based on the adjusted judgment result, the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group are adjusted again.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The re-adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group includes: If the adjusted judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, it is again judged whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the re-judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than the preset maximum fuel cell stack temperature, increase the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and return to execute re-judgment whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the re-judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is less than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is reduced, the fan speed of the fan group is increased, and the process returns to execute re-judgment whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased, and the process returns to execute the second determination whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the result of the re-judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is less than the preset maximum stack temperature, the adjustment is terminated.

7. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes: If the first judgment result is that the temperature of the fuel cell stack meets the first preset temperature range, adjusting the fan speed of the fan group to the minimum wind speed, and adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold; If the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

8. A control system for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The control system comprises a processor and the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the processor is used to implement the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A control device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program executable by a processor, characterized in that: The processor-executable program is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed by the processor.

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