Radiating element and base station antenna

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a radiation unit and a base station antenna. The radiation unit comprises a radiator, a feeding structure connected to one side of the radiator, and the feeding structure comprises a balun and a feeding core, a first feeding cavity is formed in the balun, the feeding core is at least partially inserted into the first feeding cavity, and the feeding core is used for feeding an external input feeding signal to the radiator; a first through hole in communication with the first feeding cavity is arranged on the side wall of the balun; a phase-shifting medium is at least partially inserted into the first feeding cavity from the first through hole along a first direction, and the first direction is arranged in parallel with the plane where the radiator is located. The phase-shifting medium is located on one side of the feeding structure, the space dimension under the radiator is fully utilized, the feeding structure and the phase-shifting medium are integrated, the phase of the radiation unit can be adjusted, and the miniaturization of the antenna is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a radiating unit and a base station antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] The space resource of a base station antenna is extremely limited, and many radiating units of different frequencies need to be in the same array, and different feed networks also need to be integrated into the same base station antenna. These accelerations cause the space inside the antenna to become smaller and smaller. In addition, with the development of the industry trend of antenna miniaturization, a technical solution is urgently needed to solve the problem of limited space inside the antenna. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a radiating unit and a base station antenna.

[0004] The present application first provides a radiating unit, comprising:

[0005] a radiator,

[0006] a feed structure connected to one side of the radiator, and the feed structure comprises a balun and a feed core, the first feed cavity is formed in the balun, the feed core is at least partially inserted into the first feed cavity, and the feed core is used to feed the external input feed signal to the radiator; a first through hole is arranged on the side wall of the balun and communicates with the first feed cavity;

[0007] a phase shift medium, comprising a plug-in structure and a connecting part, the plug-in structure is at least partially slidably inserted into the first feed cavity from the first through hole in the first direction; the connecting part is located outside the first feed cavity and is fixedly connected with the plug-in structure;

[0008] a transmission structure, the transmission structure moves in a second direction, a sliding groove is arranged on the transmission structure, the sliding groove is arranged at an angle with the second direction, and the connecting part is slidably arranged in the sliding groove to drive the phase shift medium to move in the first direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and parallel to the plane where the radiator is located.

[0009] In some embodiments, the transmission structure comprises a first connecting plate, the first connecting plate is arranged at an angle with respect to the second direction, and the sliding groove is arranged on the first connecting plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the transmission structure further comprises a second connecting plate, the second connecting plate is arranged on one side of the first connecting plate in the second direction, and the second connecting plate is parallel to the second direction, a second through hole is arranged on the second connecting plate, and the second through hole communicates with the sliding groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, the connecting portion includes a connecting rod and a connecting head, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting head being larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting rod, and the connecting head passing through the second through hole so that the connecting rod can enter the slide groove and slide in cooperation with the slide groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, there are multiple first power supply cavities, each of which contains a power supply core. The number of plug-in structures is equal to the number of the first power supply cavities, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first power supply cavities.

[0013] In some embodiments, the power supply core includes a first power supply section and a second power supply section connected to each other. The first power supply section is connected to the radiator, and the second power supply section is disposed in the first power supply cavity and is arranged in a serpentine bend along the length direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plug-in structure includes a body portion and a plug-in mating portion, the plug-in mating portion being disposed on the side of the body portion opposite to the connecting portion, the plug-in mating portion having a plug-in groove formed along a first direction, and the second power supply portion being located within the plug-in groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, the depth of the insertion slot along the first direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the second power supply section along the first direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the transmission structure further includes a third connecting plate and a fourth connecting plate, the third connecting plate and the fourth connecting plate being connected to the ends of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate respectively, the end of the fourth connecting plate away from the second connecting plate being bent in a direction away from the second connecting plate to form a bent portion, the bent portion and the third connecting plate being located in the same plane.

[0017] In some embodiments, a pull rod is further included, the pull rod being arranged along the second direction, and the bent portion and the third connecting plate being respectively fitted and fixed to the pull rod.

[0018] In some embodiments, the radiator includes multiple pairs of orthogonally arranged dipoles, each pair of dipoles including a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm arranged opposite to each other; the balun is further provided with a second feed cavity, the first feed cavity and the second feed cavity being respectively arranged corresponding to the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm of a pair of dipoles; one end of the feed core passes through the first feed cavity, and the other end of the feed core passes through the second feed core.

[0019] A second aspect of this application provides a base station antenna, including a substrate and a radiating element as described in any of the preceding claims, the radiating element being located on the same side of the substrate.

[0020] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The radiating element provided in this application embodiment has a slidable phase-shifting medium disposed within a first feed cavity, thereby changing the size of the phase-shifting medium within the first feed cavity, which in turn changes the dielectric constant within the first feed cavity. Compared to the prior art that uses a phase shifter to adjust the phase of the radiating element, this application embodiment can change the dielectric constant within the first feed cavity by moving the phase-shifting medium, thereby adjusting the phase of the radiating element. This avoids the problem of poor stability of the radiating element caused by the arbitrariness of the coaxial line connecting the phase shifter and the radiating element, which is prone to bending. At the same time, the phase-shifting medium is located on one side of the feed structure, making full use of the space dimension below the radiator. Integrating the feed structure and the phase-shifting medium allows for phase adjustment of the radiating element, achieving antenna miniaturization. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an assembly drawing of the radiating unit described in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an assembly drawing of the radiating unit described in the embodiments of this application (excluding the radiating element);

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the radiation unit described in the embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the fit between the feed core and the phase-shifting medium as described in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the fit between the phase-shifting medium and the transmission structure described in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the phase-shifting medium and transmission structure described in an embodiment of this application from another perspective.

[0030] Figure 7 This is an illustration of the stroke transformation of the phase-shifting medium described in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply structure described in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power supply cell described in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the phase-shifting medium described in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure described in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tie rod described in the embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-radiative element array described in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-radiating element array as described in other embodiments of this application.

[0038] Among them, 1. Balun; 11. Second feed cavity; 12. First feed cavity; 121. First perforation; 2. Feed core; 21. Second feed section; 22. First feed section; 3. Phase shifting medium; 31. Plug-in structure; 32. Connecting part; 31a. Body part; 31b. Plug-in mating part; 311. Dielectric sheet; 312. Plug-in groove; 321. Connecting rod; 322. Connecting head; 4. Transmission structure; 4a. First connecting plate; 4b. Second connecting plate; 4c. Third connecting plate; 4d. Fourth connecting plate; 41. Second perforation; 42. Sliding groove; 43. Sliding mating surface; 44. First connecting hole; 5. Pull rod; 51. Second connecting hole; 6. Radiator. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the solution of this application will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0040] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application, but this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0041] Application No. CN201410070329.5, entitled "Phase-Shifting System," discloses a phase-shifting system for changing the phase of a signal output to at least two radiating elements. The system includes at least two phase shifters providing signals to the radiating elements, each phase shifter having a phase-shifting component for moving to change the phase of the signal flowing through it. The system further includes a phase-shifting drive device connected to the phase-shifting component of each phase shifter to synchronously drive the components, causing them to move at different rates to form a differential continuous phase distribution between the signals of the radiating elements. Through this method, the present invention can utilize multiple phase shifters combined to form a phase-shifting system with a large number of ports, and each port can form a differential continuous phase distribution. This patent only proposes introducing radiating elements into the phase-shifting system and changing the phase of the radiating elements through phase shifters.

[0042] Patent application CN202320495864.X, entitled "A Multi-Frequency Electrically Adjustable Filter Antenna Unit," discloses a multi-frequency electrically adjustable filter antenna unit. The unit includes a transmission structure, a feed network board with a power divider feed network, a phase shifter integrated on the feed network board, and a sliding piece driven by the transmission structure onto the phase shifter. The feed network board also has radiating elements. The phase shifter and the power divider feed network are both located on the side of the feed network board where the radiating elements are located. Through the cooperation of the cavity filter, transmission structure, feed network board, phase shifter, and the sliding piece of the phase shifter, multi-frequency and electrically adjustable functions are achieved, greatly optimizing the coverage of 5G networks. The sliding piece of the phase shifter is fixed by the transmission structure and driven by a motor, thereby causing the sliding piece to slide on the phase shifter, achieving an electrically downtilting function. The integrated calibration network board effectively addresses the current complex communication network requirements for different frequency bands. This is equivalent to disclosing the power distribution feeder board and phase shifter on the same side as the radiating unit, and adjusting the electric downtilt angle by driving the swivel on the phase shifter through a transmission structure.

[0043] The patent application, with publication number CN 117748162 A and titled "Radiating Element, Antenna, and Base Station," discloses a radiating element comprising a radiator, a feeding structure connected to the radiator, and a dielectric block. The feeding structure includes a balun and a feeding core disposed within a feeding cavity formed by the balun. The feeding core is used to feed externally input feeding signals into the radiator. The dielectric block is disposed at the end of the balun furthest from the radiator and can slide within the feeding cavity to change the dielectric constant within the cavity. This application achieves phase adjustment of the radiating element by incorporating a dielectric block within it. This not only avoids the problem of poor stability caused by the bendable coaxial line connecting the phase shifter and the radiating element, but also solves the problem of complex antenna layout and low antenna production efficiency due to the connection of the phase shifter and multiple radiating elements. Therefore, using the radiating element provided in this application can effectively improve antenna stability and production efficiency. In other words, the radiating element substrate serves as a cavity, and the feed medium reciprocates within the cavity perpendicular to the radiator. The phase of the radiating element is adjusted by changing the dielectric constant within the feed cavity. In this technology, the feed medium is located on the side of the feed structure away from the radiator and reciprocates in a direction perpendicular to the radiator, occupying space on the antenna perpendicular to the substrate, which is detrimental to antenna miniaturization.

[0044] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a radiating element that adjusts the dielectric constant within the first feed cavity by using a phase-shifting medium, thereby adjusting the phase of the radiating element. The radiating element provided in this application integrates the phase shifter and the feed structure, with the phase-shifting medium located on one side of the feed structure, thus not occupying the height space of the radiating element. This fully utilizes the space below the radiator, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the radiating element provided in this embodiment includes:

[0046] Radiator 6 can be a half-wave radiator 6, a folded radiator 6, a single-polarized radiator 6, or a dual-polarized radiator 6.

[0047] A power supply structure is connected to one side of the radiator 6, and the power supply structure includes a balun 1 and a power supply core 2. A first power supply cavity 12 is formed inside the balun 1, and the power supply core 2 is at least partially inserted into the first power supply cavity 12 for feeding externally input power supply signals into the radiator 6. A first through hole 121 communicating with the first power supply cavity 12 is provided on the side wall of the balun 1.

[0048] Taking a dual-polarized radiator 6 as an example, the dual-polarized radiator 6 includes two pairs of orthogonally arranged dipoles, each pair of dipoles including a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm arranged opposite to each other. A balun 1 is located below the radiator 6 and provides support for the radiator 6. The balun 1 has a first feed cavity 12 and a second feed cavity 11, wherein the first feed cavity 12 is arranged corresponding to the first radiating arm, and the second feed cavity 11 is arranged corresponding to the second radiating arm. The ends of the first feed cavity 12 and the second feed cavity 11 that are connected to the radiator 6 are both open, so that the feed core 2 can be inserted into the first feed cavity 12 and the second feed cavity 11.

[0049] The radiating unit also includes a phase-shifting medium 3, which is at least partially slidably inserted into the first feed cavity 12 through the first perforation 121 along a first direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to the plane where the radiator 6 is located.

[0050] A phase shifter changes the phase of a radiating element by altering its electrical length. Since the propagation speed of the feed signal varies in different media, the dielectric constant within the first feed cavity 12 can be changed by sliding the phase shifting medium into the first feed cavity 12. This, in turn, adjusts the propagation speed of the first feed signal within the first feed cavity 12, effectively changing the electrical length to alter the phase of the radiating element and thus replace the phase shifter. For example, before the radiating element begins operation, the target equivalent electrical length can be determined based on the target phase. The target transmission rate of the feed signal within the first feed cavity 12 can be determined based on the target equivalent electrical length. The target dielectric constant within the first feed cavity 12 can then be determined based on the target transmission rate. Based on the target dielectric constant, the target depth to which the phase shifting medium 3 should slide into the first feed cavity 12 can be determined. The insertion of the phase shifting medium 3 into the first feed cavity 12 is controlled based on the mechanical structure and the target depth.

[0051] The radiating element provided in this embodiment includes a radiator 6, a feeding structure, and a phase-shifting medium 3. The phase-shifting medium 3 is at least partially inserted into a first feeding cavity 12. By sliding the phase-shifting medium 3, its insertion depth within the first feeding cavity 12 is changed, adjusting the dielectric constant within the first feeding cavity 12, thereby adjusting the phase of the radiating element. Compared to the prior art that uses a phase shifter to adjust the phase of the radiating element, this embodiment changes the dielectric constant within the first feeding cavity 12 simply by moving the phase-shifting medium 3, thus adjusting the phase of the radiating element. This avoids the problem of poor stability caused by the arbitrariness of the coaxial line connecting the phase shifter and the radiating element, which allows for bending. Compared to schemes where the phase-shifting medium 3 is located at the end of the feeding structure away from the radiator 6, this embodiment places the phase-shifting medium 3 on one side of the feeding structure, fully utilizing the space below the radiator 6. By integrating the feeding structure and the phase-shifting medium 3, the phase of the radiating element can be adjusted, achieving antenna miniaturization.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the phase-shifting medium 3 includes a plug-in structure 31 and a connecting part 32. The plug-in structure 31 is slidably inserted into the first feed cavity 12, and the connecting part 32 is located outside the first feed cavity 12. The radiation unit also includes a transmission structure 4, which moves along a second direction. The transmission structure 4 is provided with a groove 42, which is set at an angle to the second direction. The connecting part 32 is slidably disposed in the groove 42 to drive the phase-shifting medium 3 to move along the first direction. During the movement of the phase-shifting medium 3 along the first direction, the depth of the plug-in structure 31 inserted into the first feed cavity 12 is changed, thereby changing the dielectric constant in the first feed cavity 12 and playing the role of adjusting the phase of the radiation unit.

[0053] The first and second directions are perpendicular to each other and both parallel to the plane containing the radiator 6. This ensures that both the transmission structure 4 and the phase-shifting medium 3 move within a plane parallel to the radiator 6, without occupying space perpendicular to the radiator 6, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization design. For example, as shown... Figure 3 As stated in the text, X represents the second direction and Y represents the first direction.

[0054] It should be noted that the phase-shifting medium 3 can move along the first direction, the second direction, or a direction that forms an angle with either the first or second direction. Specifically, the direction in which the phase-shifting medium 3 moves can be reasonably designed by setting the setting direction and angle of the slide groove 42. In the following description, the embodiment of this application will take the movement of the phase-shifting medium 3 along the first direction as an example.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the transmission structure 4 includes a first connecting plate 4a, which is inclined relative to the second direction, and a sliding groove 42 is disposed on the first connecting plate 4a. Specifically, the sliding groove 42 penetrates the first connecting plate 4a along its thickness direction, the connecting portion 32 passes through the sliding groove 42, and can slide along the length direction of the sliding groove 42. Inclining the first connecting plate 4a reduces the space occupied by the first connecting plate 4a in both the first and second directions.

[0056] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the transmission structure 4 further includes a second connecting plate 4b. The second connecting plate 4b is disposed on one side of the first connecting plate 4a along the second direction, and the second connecting plate 4b is parallel to the second direction. The second connecting plate 4b is provided with a second through hole 41, which communicates with the slide groove 42. The second through hole 41 is used to allow the connecting part 32 to penetrate from one side of the transmission structure 4 to the other side, thereby allowing the connecting part 32 to enter the slide groove 42 and slide along the slide groove 42.

[0057] Combination Figures 4 to 6As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the connecting portion 32 includes a connecting rod 321 and a connecting head 322. The cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting head 322 is larger than that of the connecting rod 321, that is, the projected area of ​​the connecting head 322 on the second connecting plate 4b is larger than the projected area of ​​the connecting rod 321 on the second connecting plate 4b. The size of the second through hole 41 is slightly larger than that of the connecting head 322, so that the connecting head 322 can pass through the second through hole 41. The width of the sliding groove 42 is slightly larger than the width of the connecting rod 321 and smaller than the width of the connecting head 322, so that the connecting rod 321 can slide in the sliding groove 42 and cannot come out of the sliding groove 42.

[0058] The two ends of the slide groove 42 are two limit travel positions formed by the sliding of the connecting part 32. During use, the connecting part 32 reciprocates between the two limit travel positions of the slide groove 42. The second through hole 41 is located outside the travel of the connecting part 32, so even if the connecting part 32 slides to the limit travel position, the connecting part 32 will not fall out of the second through hole 41.

[0059] When the connecting rod 321 slides in the groove 42, the connector 322 makes sliding friction contact with the sliding mating surface 43 on the first connecting plate 4a.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, there are multiple first feeding cavities 12, each first feeding cavity 12 is provided with a feeding core 2, and the number of plug-in structures 31 is equal to that of the first feeding cavities 12, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first feeding cavities 12.

[0061] Specifically, taking a dual-polarized radiating unit as an example, each dual-polarized radiating unit is provided with two first feeding cavities 12 and two second feeding cavities 11. There are two feed cores 2, each corresponding to a set of dipoles. One end of each feed core 2 is inserted into the first feeding cavity 12, and the other end is inserted into the second feeding cavity 11. There are two insertion structures 31, each inserted into one of the two first feeding cavities 12. The insertion structures 31 can move synchronously or asynchronously, adjusting the dielectric constant within the corresponding first feeding cavity 12.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, the feed core 2 includes a first feed section 22 and a second feed section connected to each other. The first feed section 22 is connected to the radiator 6, and the second feed section is disposed within the first feed cavity 12, with the second feed section arranged in a serpentine bend along its length. Specifically, the feed core 2 is generally a straight feed sheet. One end of the feed core 2 is inserted into the second feed cavity 11, and the other end extends upward first, then bends across the radiator 6 and extends into the first feed cavity 12, making a serpentine bend within the first feed cavity 12. The portion of the feed core 2 that is serpentine within the first feed cavity 12 forms the second feed section, and the remaining portion forms the first feed section 22. The first feed section 22 and the second feed section are made of the same material, but different materials can also be used. They are electrically connected together by welding or other methods. The second feed sections in different first feed cavities 12 can be made of the same material or different materials.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional shape of the first feed cavity 12 is rectangular, circular, elliptical, etc., and the cross-sectional shape of the second feed cavity 11 can be the same as or different from the cross-sectional shape of the first feed cavity 12. For example, in some embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional shape of the first feed cavity 12 is rectangular, the cross-sectional shape of the second feed cavity 11 is circular, the second feed core 2 is located inside the first feed cavity 12, and there is a gap between it and the inner wall of the first feed cavity 12. When the insertion structure 31 is inserted into the first feed cavity 12, it is located within the gap formed between the second feed core 2 and the inner wall of the first feed cavity 12.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, the plug-in structure 31 includes a body portion 31a and a plug-in mating portion 31b. The plug-in mating portion 31b is disposed on the side of the body portion 31a opposite to the connecting portion 32. A plug-in groove 312 is formed on the plug-in mating portion 31b along a first direction, and the second power supply portion is located within the plug-in groove 312. Specifically, the plug-in mating portion 31b includes two dielectric sheets 311 disposed opposite to each other, and a plug-in groove 312 is formed between the two dielectric sheets 311. The distance between the two dielectric sheets 311, that is, the width of the plug-in groove 312, is greater than the thickness of the second power supply portion, so that the second power supply portion 21 can be slidably plugged into the plug-in groove 312.

[0065] The main body 31a has a plate-like structure and is located outside the balun 1, opposite to the side wall of the balun 1 where the first perforation 121 is formed. A connecting part 32 is provided on the side of the main body 31a facing away from the balun 1, and a dielectric sheet 311 is provided on the side of the main body 31a facing the balun 1. In the embodiment of this application, there are two insertion slots 312, and four corresponding dielectric sheets 311. Two dielectric sheets 311 form a pair to form an insertion slot 312. The dielectric sheet 311 passes through the first perforation 121 on the balun 1 and enters the first feeding cavity 12. Each first feeding cavity 12 is provided with two first perforations 121, for the corresponding two dielectric sheets 311 to pass through.

[0066] It should be noted that the number of dielectric wafers 311 can be determined according to the actual electrical design scheme, and is generally twice the number of the first feed cavity 12.

[0067] In some embodiments of this application, the depth of the insertion slot 312 along the first direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the second feed section 21 along the first direction. Therefore, the dielectric sheet 311 can be directly disposed opposite to the feed structure in the second direction, and the dielectric constant in the first feed cavity 12 can be adjusted by changing the area of ​​the feed structure inserted into the first feed cavity 12.

[0068] In some embodiments of this application, the transmission structure 4 further includes a third connecting plate 4c and a fourth connecting plate 4d, which are respectively connected to the ends of the first connecting plate 4a and the second connecting plate 4b. Specifically, the third connecting plate 4c is connected to the end of the first connecting plate 4a, and the fourth connecting plate 4d is connected to the end of the second connecting plate 4b. The fourth connecting plate 4d is arranged along the second direction, and the end of the fourth connecting plate 4d away from the second connecting plate 4b is bent in a direction away from the second connecting plate 4b to form a bent portion, which is located in the same plane as the third connecting plate 4c.

[0069] Transmission structure 4 can be simplified to Figure 7 In the triangle, the travel L in the second direction and the travel H in the first direction of the transmission structure 4 form a triangle with the included angle α. In the design scheme, both the travel L in the second direction and the travel H in the first direction are fixed, and according to the Pythagorean theorem, the included angle α is also fixed.

[0070] The first connecting plate 4a on the transmission structure 4 is the hypotenuse of a triangle, and the slide groove 42 is a rectangular hole set along the length of the first connecting plate 4a. When the transmission structure 4 moves along the second direction, the sliding mating surface on the transmission structure 4 and the connecting head 322 make sliding friction, which drives the phase-shifting medium 3 to move along the first direction, realizing the stroke L in the second direction and the stroke H in the first direction.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, the radiation unit further includes a pull rod 5, which is arranged along the second direction. The bent portion and the third connecting plate 4c are respectively attached and fixed to the pull rod 5. Applying an external force to the pull rod 5 causes it to move in the second direction, which in turn drives the transmission structure 4, which is fixedly connected to the pull rod 5, to move synchronously in the second direction. This allows the phase shifting medium 3 to change the travel distance in the second direction from that in the first direction, thereby driving the phase shifting medium 3 to move along the first direction and changing the dielectric constant in the first feed cavity 12. This adjusts the phase of the radiation unit and acts as a phase shifter.

[0072] Specifically, the third connecting plate 4c and the fourth connecting plate 4d are respectively provided with a first connecting hole 44, and the corresponding position of the pull rod 5 is provided with a second connecting hole 51. The fastener passes through the first connecting hole 44 and the second connecting hole 51 to fix the pull rod 5 and the transmission structure 4 together.

[0073] Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the projections of the third connecting plate 4c and the fourth connecting plate 4d onto the pull rod do not interfere with the projection of the slide groove 42 onto the pull rod. Specifically, the third connecting plate 4c and the fourth connecting plate 4d do not affect the sliding of the connecting part 32 within the slide groove 42.

[0074] Some embodiments of this application also provide a base station antenna, including a substrate and a radiating element as described in the above embodiments, wherein the radiating element is disposed on the substrate and located on the same side of the substrate. The base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application has the same technical effects as the aforementioned radiating element, and will not be described again.

[0075] For example, with Figure 13 As shown, the base station antenna includes an array of 9 radiating elements. When the lever travels a distance X in the direction of arrow X, it is pressed as above. Figure 5 The movement relationship is as follows: the dielectric sheet 311 in radiating units 1# to 4# travels a distance Y1 along the direction of arrow Y, and the dielectric sheet 311 in radiating units 6# to 9# travels a distance Y2 in the opposite direction of arrow Y. (When 1# to 4# and 6# to 9# use the same phase-shifting medium 3, the values ​​of Y1 and Y2 are the same; when 1# to 4# and 6# to 9# use different phase-shifting media 3, the values ​​of Y1 and Y2 are different). By moving the dielectric sheet 311 along the Y-axis in the first feed cavity 12, the phase of the phase shifter is changed, thereby achieving the adjustment of the electrical downtilt angle.

[0076] For example, such as Figure 14 As described above, when the lever travels a distance X in the direction of arrow X, press as above. Figure 5The movement relationship corresponds to the movement of the dielectric sheet 311 in the radiating units 2# to 9# along the Y-axis direction (when 1# to 9# use the same phase-shifting medium 3, the movement distance of all feed sheets 311 is the same; when 1# to 9# use different phase-shifting media 3, the movement distance of all feed sheets 311 is different). By moving the dielectric sheet 311 along the Y-axis in the first feed cavity 12, the phase of the phase shifter is changed, thereby achieving the adjustment of the electrical downtilt angle.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0078] The terms “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “upper,” “middle,” “lower,” and similar expressions are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0079] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. They can also refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0080] The term "and / or" in this invention is inclusive. For example, "A; and / or B" means that there is only A, or only B, or both A and B. "Multiple" means two or more.

[0081] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A radiating unit, characterized in that, include: Radiator (6) A power supply structure is connected to one side of the radiator (6), and the power supply structure includes a balun (1) and a power supply core (2). A first power supply cavity (12) is formed in the balun (1), and the power supply core (2) is at least partially inserted into the first power supply cavity (12) for feeding externally input power supply signals into the radiator (6). A first through hole (121) communicating with the first power supply cavity (12) is provided on the side wall of the balun (1). The phase-shifting medium (3) includes a plug-in structure and a connecting part. The plug-in structure is at least partially slidably inserted into the first feed cavity (12) from the first through hole (121) along a first direction. The connecting part is located outside the first feed cavity and is fixedly connected to the plug-in structure. The transmission structure (4) moves along the second direction. The transmission structure (4) is provided with a sliding groove (42). The sliding groove (42) is set at an angle to the second direction. The connecting part (32) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (42) to drive the phase-shifting medium (3) to move along the first direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and are both parallel to the plane where the radiator (6) is located.

2. The radiating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission structure (4) includes a first connecting plate (4a) that is inclined relative to the second direction, and a groove (42) is provided on the first connecting plate (4a).

3. The radiating unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission structure (4) further includes a second connecting plate (4b), which is disposed on one side of the first connecting plate (4a) along the second direction and is parallel to the second direction. The second connecting plate (4b) is provided with a second through hole (41), which communicates with the slide groove (42).

4. The radiating unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting part (32) includes a connecting rod (321) and a connector (322). The cross-sectional area of ​​the connector (322) is larger than that of the connecting rod (321). The connector (322) passes through the second through hole (41) so that the connecting rod (321) can enter the groove (42) and slide in cooperation with the groove (42).

5. The radiating element according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple first power supply cavities (12), and each first power supply cavity (12) is provided with a power supply core (2). The number of plug-in structures (31) is equal to that of the first power supply cavities (12), and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first power supply cavities (12).

6. The radiating element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply core (2) includes a first power supply part (22) and a second power supply part (21) connected to each other. The first power supply part (22) is connected to the radiator (6), and the second power supply part (21) is disposed in the first power supply cavity (12), and the second power supply part (21) is arranged in a serpentine bend along the length direction.

7. The radiating element according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plug-in structure (31) includes a body part (31a) and a plug-in mating part (31b). The plug-in mating part (31b) is located on the side of the body part (31a) facing away from the connecting part (32). A plug-in groove (312) is formed on the plug-in mating part (31b) along a first direction. The second power supply part (21) is located in the plug-in groove (312).

8. The radiating element according to claim 7, characterized in that, The depth of the insertion slot (312) along the first direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the second power supply section (21) along the first direction.

9. The radiating element according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission structure (4) further includes a third connecting plate (4c) and a fourth connecting plate (4d). The third connecting plate (4c) and the fourth connecting plate (4d) are respectively connected to the ends of the first connecting plate (4a) and the second connecting plate (4b). The end of the fourth connecting plate (4d) away from the second connecting plate (4b) is bent in a direction away from the second connecting plate (4b) to form a bent portion. The bent portion and the third connecting plate (4c) are located in the same plane.

10. The radiating element according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a pull rod (5), which is arranged along the second direction, and the bent part and the third connecting plate (4c) are respectively attached and fixed to the pull rod (5).

11. The radiating element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator (6) includes multiple pairs of orthogonally arranged dipoles, each pair of dipoles including a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm arranged opposite to each other; the balun (1) is also provided with a second feed cavity (11), the first feed cavity (12) and the second feed cavity (11) are respectively arranged corresponding to the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm in a pair of dipoles; one end of the feed core (2) passes through the first feed cavity (12), and the other end of the feed core (2) passes through the second feed cavity (11).

12. A base station antenna, characterized in that, It includes a substrate and a radiating element as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the radiating element is located on the same side of the substrate.

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