Electricity deficiency protection circuit, electricity deficiency protection method, and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a power deficiency protection circuit, a power deficiency protection method and a vehicle. The power deficiency protection circuit comprises a power deficiency detection module, the power deficiency detection module comprises a power deficiency judgment unit and a switching unit, a corresponding switching control signal is generated according to the comparison result of the power supply voltage of a first power supply module and a power deficiency threshold voltage, and a power deficiency control signal is output according to the switching control signal. Different levels of the power deficiency control signal can indicate whether the first power supply module has power deficiency. For example, the power deficiency control signal with a high level can be used to indicate that the first power supply module has power deficiency and needs power compensation; or the power deficiency control signal with a low level can be used to indicate that the first power supply module does not have power deficiency and does not need power compensation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a power loss protection circuit, a power loss protection method, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Most vehicles currently require periodic starting, one of the purposes of which is to replenish the 12V starter power supply to prevent the starter power supply from running out of power and causing the vehicle to fail to start. These vehicles can include both gasoline-powered vehicles and new energy vehicles.

[0003] However, in order to prevent the vehicle from failing to start due to a dead starter power supply, determining whether the starter power supply is dead is a prerequisite. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a power loss protection circuit, a power loss protection method, and a vehicle to solve the technical problem of whether the power supply is experiencing a power loss.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a power loss protection circuit is provided. The power loss protection circuit includes a power loss detection module, which includes a power loss judgment unit and a switching unit. The power loss judgment unit is used to generate a corresponding switching control signal based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power supply module and the power loss threshold voltage. The switching unit is connected to the power loss judgment unit and the first power supply module, and is used to output a power loss control signal based on the switching control signal.

[0006] Optionally, the power shortage judgment unit includes an operational amplifier and a reference power supply. The first pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power supply module, the fourth pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the ground terminal, the second pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power supply module, and the fifth pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit. The positive terminal of the reference power supply is connected to the third pin of the operational amplifier, and the negative terminal of the reference power supply is connected to the ground terminal.

[0007] Optionally, the power shortage judgment unit includes a comparator, a reference power supply, and a first resistor. The first pin of the comparator is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module, the fourth pin of the comparator is connected to the ground terminal, the second pin of the comparator is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module, and the fifth pin of the comparator is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit. The positive terminal of the reference power supply is connected to the third pin of the comparator, and the negative terminal of the reference power supply is connected to the ground terminal. One end of the first resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the comparator, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module.

[0008] Optionally, the power depletion detection unit also includes a second resistor, one end of which is connected to the fifth pin of the comparator, and the other end of which is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit.

[0009] Optionally, the power loss detection module further includes a first voltage divider unit, the input terminal of which is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module, and the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminal of the power loss judgment unit.

[0010] Optionally, the first voltage divider unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a first capacitor. One end of the third resistor is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the other end of the third resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the ground terminal; one end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the third resistor, one end of the fourth resistor, and the input terminal of the power shortage judgment unit, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the ground terminal.

[0011] Optionally, the power loss detection unit includes a first transistor, a fifth resistor, and a second capacitor. The first terminal of the first transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module, and the control terminal of the first transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor. One end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the ground terminal. One end of the second capacitor is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and the control terminal of the switching unit, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the ground terminal.

[0012] Optionally, the switching unit includes a second transistor, the first terminal of the second transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module, the control terminal of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the power shortage judgment unit, and the second terminal of the second transistor is used to output a power shortage control signal.

[0013] Optionally, the power loss control signal includes a first control signal, and the power loss judgment unit further includes an anti-backflow output unit. The input terminal of the anti-backflow output unit is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor, and the output terminal of the anti-backflow output unit is used to output the first control signal.

[0014] Optionally, the anti-backflow output unit includes a first diode, the anode of which is connected to the output terminal of the switching unit, and the cathode of which is used to output a first control signal.

[0015] Optionally, the anti-backflow output unit also includes a sixth resistor, one end of which is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of which is used to output the first control signal.

[0016] Optionally, the power loss control signal also includes a second control signal, and the power loss judgment unit also includes a second voltage divider unit. The input terminal of the second voltage divider unit is connected to the output terminal of the switching unit, and the output terminal of the second voltage divider unit is used to output the second control signal.

[0017] Optionally, the second voltage divider unit includes a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor. One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second terminal of the second transistor; one end of the eighth resistor is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor and outputs a second control signal; the other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the ground terminal.

[0018] Optionally, the power loss protection circuit further includes a first power supply module, a power management module, a control module, and a second power supply module. The positive power supply terminal of the first power supply module is connected to the power loss detection module, and the negative power supply terminal of the first power supply module is connected to the ground terminal. The positive power input terminal of the power management module is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power supply module, and the negative power supply terminal of the power management module is connected to the ground terminal. The enable terminal of the power management module is connected to a first control signal. The positive power supply terminal of the control module is connected to the positive power output terminal of the power management module, and the input terminal of the control module is connected to a second control signal. The negative power supply terminal of the control module is connected to the ground terminal. The enable terminal of the second power supply module is connected to the first output terminal of the control module, the positive power supply terminal of the second power supply module is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power supply module, and the negative power supply terminal of the second power supply module is connected to the ground terminal.

[0019] Optionally, the power loss protection circuit further includes an isolation transformer module, the enable terminal of which is connected to the second output terminal of the control module, the positive power input terminal of which is connected to the positive power input terminal of the second power module, the negative power input terminal of which is connected to the ground terminal, and the positive power output terminal of which is connected to the positive power input terminal of the first power module.

[0020] Optionally, the second power module includes an output enable module and a high-voltage power supply. The enable terminal of the output enable module is connected to the first output terminal of the control module, and the positive power input terminal of the output enable module is connected to the second power supply terminal. The output enable terminal of the high-voltage power supply is connected to the positive power output terminal of the output enable module, the negative power supply terminal of the high-voltage power supply is connected to the ground terminal, and the positive power supply terminal of the high-voltage power supply is connected to the positive power input terminal of the isolation transformer module.

[0021] Optionally, the power loss protection circuit further includes a first switch and a second diode. One end of the first switch is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module; the anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the first switch, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode.

[0022] According to a second aspect of this application, a power loss protection method is provided, applied to the aforementioned power loss protection circuit. The power loss protection method includes: generating a corresponding switch control signal based on a comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module and the power loss threshold voltage; and outputting a power loss control signal based on the switch control signal.

[0023] Optionally, the power loss protection method further includes: configuring a power loss control signal including a first control signal and a second control signal; enabling the power management module according to the first control signal; and activating the control module according to the second control signal.

[0024] Optionally, the power loss protection method further includes: according to the second control signal, the control module determines whether the current operating mode is in the power loss protection mode; if it is in the power loss protection mode, the control module switches to the charging mode.

[0025] Optionally, when in the power loss protection mode, the control module switches to the charging mode, including: in the charging mode, the control module controls the second power module to replenish the power of the first power module.

[0026] Optionally, the power loss protection method further includes: the control module determining whether the charging of the first power module is complete; and ending the charging process if the charging of the first power module is complete.

[0027] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided that includes the aforementioned power loss protection circuit.

[0028] The power loss protection circuit, power loss protection method, and vehicle provided in this application generate a corresponding switch control signal based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module and the power loss threshold voltage, and output a power loss control signal based on the switch control signal. Different levels of the power loss control signal can indicate whether the first power module has experienced power loss. For example, a high-level power loss control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module has experienced power loss and needs to be recharged; or, a low-level power loss control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module has not experienced power loss and does not need to be recharged.

[0029] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the power loss detection module provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a first circuit schematic diagram of a power loss detection module provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a second circuit diagram of the power loss detection module provided in the exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a third circuit schematic diagram of the power loss detection module provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a fourth circuit schematic diagram of the power loss detection module provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 This is the fifth circuit schematic diagram of the power loss detection module provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 7 This is the sixth circuit schematic diagram of the power loss detection module provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a power loss protection circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of a power loss protection circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart of a power loss protection circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a power loss protection circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0044] 10. First power supply module;

[0045] 20. Low power detection module; 21. First voltage divider unit; 22. Low power judgment unit; 23. Switching unit; 24. Second voltage divider unit; 25. Anti-backflow output unit;

[0046] 30. Power Management Module;

[0047] 40. Control module;

[0048] 50. Second power supply module; 51. Output enable module; 52. High voltage power supply;

[0049] 60. Isolation transformer module. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0051] Traditional gasoline-powered vehicles require periodic starting, one purpose of which is to use the vehicle's generator to charge the low-voltage power source (small battery), preventing the vehicle from failing to start if the low-voltage power source is depleted. Most new energy vehicles continue to use this method of depletion, similarly charging the low-voltage power source (power battery) after the vehicle is started. However, this method cannot provide protection against low-voltage power source depletion when the vehicle is in sleep mode.

[0052] Regarding the protection against power loss in low-voltage power supplies, there are other solutions being implemented. For example, when the low-voltage power supply is about to run out of power, the output of the low-voltage power supply is disconnected through a relay. However, due to energy storage losses, this solution not only has a limited protection time, but also faces significant difficulties when the subsequent power system needs to be restarted after the output of the low-voltage power supply is disconnected.

[0053] Based on this, this embodiment provides a power loss protection circuit 100. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 9 ,like Figure 1 As shown, the power loss protection circuit 100 includes a power loss detection module 20, which includes a power loss judgment unit 22 and a switching unit 23. The power loss judgment unit 22 is used to generate a corresponding switching control signal based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 and the power loss threshold voltage. The switching unit 23 is connected to the power loss judgment unit 22 and the first power module 10, and is used to output a power loss control signal based on the switching control signal.

[0054] It is understood that the power loss protection circuit 100 provided in this embodiment generates a corresponding switch control signal based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 and the power loss threshold voltage, and outputs a power loss control signal based on the switch control signal. Different levels of the power loss control signal can indicate whether the first power module 10 has experienced power loss. For example, a high-level power loss control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module 10 has experienced power loss (is in a power loss protection state) and needs to be recharged; or, a low-level power loss control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module 10 has not experienced power loss (is not in a power loss protection state) and does not need to be recharged.

[0055] It should be noted that the positive power terminal (12VBET+) of the first power module 10 can provide the power supply voltage for the first power module 10. The positive power terminal of the first power module 10 is connected to the input terminal of the power shortage judgment unit 22 and the input terminal of the switching unit 23. The output terminal of the power shortage judgment unit 22 is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit 23, and the output terminal of the switching unit 23 is used to output the power shortage control signal.

[0056] When the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 drops below the power shortage threshold voltage, the power shortage judgment unit 22 controls the switch unit 23 to turn on, so as to output a high-level power shortage control signal; or, when the switch unit 23 is turned off, the switch unit 23 can output a low-level power shortage control signal.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power shortage judgment unit 22 includes an operational amplifier U2 and a reference power supply REF1. The first pin (1) of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power supply module 10, the fourth pin (4) of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the ground terminal GND, the second pin (2) of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power supply module 10, and the fifth pin (5) of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit 23. The positive terminal of the reference power supply REF1 is connected to the third pin (3) of the operational amplifier U2, and the negative terminal of the reference power supply REF1 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0058] It should be noted that the reference voltage Vref provided by the reference power supply REF1 can be the aforementioned depletion threshold voltage. Unlike comparator U1, operational amplifier U2 does not require a pull-up resistor and directly outputs a high-level or low-level switching control signal based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 and the depletion threshold voltage. The high level is the upper voltage rail, i.e., the power supply voltage of the first power module 10, which can control the switching unit 23 to open; the low level is the lower voltage rail, i.e., the potential of the ground terminal GND, which can control the switching unit 23 to open.

[0059] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the power shortage judgment unit 22 includes a comparator U1, a reference power supply REF1, and a first resistor R3. The first pin (1) of the comparator U1 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module 10, the fourth pin (4) of the comparator U1 is connected to the ground terminal GND, the second pin (2) of the comparator U1 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module 10, and the fifth pin (5) of the comparator U1 is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit 23. The positive terminal of the reference power supply REF1 is connected to the third pin (3) of the comparator U1, and the negative terminal of the reference power supply REF1 is connected to the ground terminal GND. One end of the first resistor R3 is connected to the fifth pin (5) of the comparator U1, and the other end of the first resistor R3 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module 10.

[0060] It should be noted that the first resistor R3 can pull up the output potential of comparator U1. The second pin (2) and the third pin (3) are the two input pins of comparator U1. When the voltage of the second pin (2) is greater than the voltage of the third pin (3), the fifth pin (5) of comparator U1 is internally disconnected, and with the pull-up of the first resistor R3, the output level is high to the upper voltage rail, and the switching unit 23 is disconnected; conversely, when the voltage of the second pin (2) is less than the voltage of the third pin (3), the fifth pin (5) of comparator U1 is internally grounded and outputs a low level, and the switching unit 23 is turned on.

[0061] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the power depletion judgment unit 22 also includes a second resistor R4. One end of the second resistor R4 is connected to the fifth pin (5) of the comparator U1, and the other end of the second resistor R4 is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit 23.

[0062] It should be noted that the second resistor R4 can reduce the voltage to improve the conduction of the switching unit 23.

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the power loss detection module 20 also includes a first voltage divider unit 21. The input terminal of the first voltage divider unit 21 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, and the output terminal of the first voltage divider unit 21 is connected to the input terminal of the power loss judgment unit 22.

[0064] It should be noted that the first voltage divider unit 21 can divide the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 and output it to the power shortage judgment unit 22.

[0065] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the first voltage divider unit 21 includes a third resistor RF1 and a fourth resistor RF2. One end of the third resistor RF1 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10; one end of the fourth resistor RF2 is connected to the other end of the third resistor RF1, and the other end of the fourth resistor RF2 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0066] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the first voltage divider unit 21 also includes a first capacitor C1. One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the third resistor RF1, one end of the fourth resistor RF2 and the input terminal of the power depletion judgment unit 22. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0067] It should be noted that the power depletion threshold voltage can be exemplarily set to 10.5V. The resistance of the third resistor RF1 can be set to 140KΩ and the resistance of the fourth resistor RF2 to 1.96MΩ. When the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 reaches the power depletion threshold voltage of 10.5V, the voltage difference across the third resistor RF1 is 0.7V. Based on this, the power depletion judgment unit 22 can determine that the first power module 10 needs to be recharged.

[0068] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the power depletion judgment unit 22 includes a first transistor Q2, a fifth resistor R2, and a second capacitor C2. The first terminal of the first transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module 10, and the control terminal of the first transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor RF2. One end of the fifth resistor R2 is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor Q2, and the other end of the fifth resistor R2 is connected to the ground terminal GND. One end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R2 and the control terminal of the switching unit 23, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0069] It should be noted that the first transistor Q2 can be a P-channel bipolar junction transistor or a field-effect transistor. Its first terminal can be the emitter or source, its second terminal can be the collector or drain, and its control terminal can be the base or gate. When the voltage at the positive terminal of the first power supply module 10 reaches the undervoltage protection threshold of 10.5V, the voltage difference across the third resistor RF1 is 0.7V. At this time, the first transistor Q2 is turned off, which can control the switching unit 23 to conduct and output a high level.

[0070] In one embodiment, such as Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the switching unit 23 includes a second transistor Q1. The first terminal of the second transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module 10. The control terminal of the second transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the power shortage judgment unit 22. The second terminal of the second transistor Q1 is used to output a power shortage control signal.

[0071] It should be noted that the second transistor Q1 can be a P-channel bipolar junction transistor or a field-effect transistor. The first electrode can be the emitter or source, the second electrode can be the collector or drain, and the control electrode can be the base or gate.

[0072] In one embodiment, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the power loss control signal includes a first control signal. The power loss judgment unit 22 also includes an anti-backflow output unit 25. The input terminal of the anti-backflow output unit 25 is connected to the second terminal of the second transistor Q1, and the output terminal of the anti-backflow output unit 25 is used to output the first control signal.

[0073] It should be noted that the backflow prevention output unit 25 can prevent the current at the output terminal of the backflow prevention output unit 25 from flowing back to the front end of the backflow prevention output unit 25 when the system is powered on normally, thus preventing a misjudgment of the power loss protection.

[0074] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the anti-backflow output unit 25 includes a first diode D2. The positive terminal of the first diode D2 is connected to the output terminal of the switching unit 23, and the cathode of the first diode D2 is used to output a first control signal.

[0075] It should be noted that the first diode D2 can prevent the current flowing through the first switch S1 and the second diode D1 from entering the seventh resistor RF3 and the eighth resistor RF4 when the system is powered on normally, thereby increasing the output voltage of the second voltage divider unit 24 and causing the control module 40 to make a misjudgment.

[0076] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the anti-backflow output unit 25 also includes a sixth resistor R1. One end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D2, and the other end of the sixth resistor R1 is used to output the first control signal.

[0077] It should be noted that the sixth resistor R1 can serve as a voltage clamp and current limiter, and is used to wake up the power management module 30.

[0078] In one embodiment, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the power loss control signal also includes a second control signal, and the power loss judgment unit 22 also includes a second voltage divider unit 24. The input terminal of the second voltage divider unit 24 is connected to the output terminal of the switching unit 23, and the output terminal of the second voltage divider unit 24 is used to output the second control signal.

[0079] It should be noted that the second control signal can also be called the mode selection signal (Mode_CS). After adding the second voltage divider unit 24, it is not necessary to collect accurate voltage values. It is only necessary to determine whether the output voltage of the second voltage divider unit 24 is high or low to determine whether the system starts automatically due to the power depletion of the first power module 10 or due to normal power-on by the user.

[0080] In one embodiment, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the second voltage divider unit 24 includes a seventh resistor RF3 and an eighth resistor RF4. One end of the seventh resistor RF3 is connected to the second terminal of the second transistor Q1; one end of the eighth resistor RF4 is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor RF3 and outputs a second control signal; the other end of the eighth resistor RF4 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0081] It should be noted that by simply determining whether the voltage across the eighth resistor RF4 is high or low, it is possible to determine whether the system started automatically due to a power shortage in the first power module 10 or due to normal power-on by the user.

[0082] In summary, the first voltage divider unit 21 divides the voltage at the positive terminal of the first power module 10. The power shortage judgment unit 22 compares the voltage at the positive terminal of the first power module 10 after voltage division with the power shortage voltage protection threshold. If the voltage at the positive terminal of the first power module 10 after voltage division is less than or equal to the power shortage voltage protection threshold, the power shortage judgment unit 22 will control the switch unit 23 to be in the conducting state, and then wake up the power management module 30 through the anti-backflow output unit 25 to provide normal operating voltage for the control module 40. The output port of the second voltage divider unit 24 is connected to the control module 40 and is used to determine whether the system is started normally by the user or automatically started by the first power module 10 due to power shortage. When the user starts normally, the output port of the second voltage divider unit 24 is at a low level, and when the first power module 10 automatically starts due to power shortage, the port is at a high level.

[0083] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the power loss protection circuit 100 also includes a first power module 10, a power management module 30, a control module 40, and a second power module 50. The positive power terminal of the first power module 10 is connected to the power loss detection module 20, and the negative power terminal of the first power module 10 is connected to the ground terminal GND. The positive power input terminal of the power management module 30 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, and the negative power terminal of the power management module 30 is connected to the ground terminal GND. The enable terminal of the power management module 30 is connected to a first control signal. The positive power terminal of the control module 40 is connected to the positive power output terminal of the power management module 30, and the input terminal of the control module 40 is connected to a second control signal. The negative power terminal of the control module 40 is connected to the ground terminal GND. The enable terminal of the second power module 50 is connected to the first output terminal of the control module 40, the positive power terminal of the second power module 50 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, and the negative power terminal of the second power module 50 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0084] It is understood that the power loss protection circuit 100 provided in this application embodiment can enable the power management module 30 to enter the working mode when the power loss detection module 20 detects that the first power module 10 is experiencing a power loss, so as to provide working voltage to the control module 40. The power loss detection module 20 notifies the control module 40 of the power loss status of the first power module 10. The control module 40 then enables the second power module 50 to enter the working mode. The second power module 50 can replenish the power of the first power module 10 with its own voltage. In this way, even in the sleep state, it can replenish the power of the first power module 10, thereby avoiding the power loss of the first power module 10 while extending the sleep time.

[0085] It should be noted that the first power module 10 and the second power module 50 may be, but are not limited to, a single battery, or a system composed of a battery, an internal combustion engine, a fuel cell, and a power generation device. The first power module 10 and the second power module 50 do not specifically refer to two power sources; they may also be three or more power modules composed of multiple power sources.

[0086] The capacity and voltage of the first power module 10 and the second power module 50 are not limited because even if the capacity and voltage of the second power module 50 are lower than those of the first power module 10, the voltage of the second power module 50 can be converted by the isolation transformer module 60 to charge the first power module 10. Preferably, the capacity and voltage of the second power module 50 are higher than those of the first power module 10 to provide a longer sustainable sleep time without causing the first power module 10 to run out of power.

[0087] The power loss detection module 20 can output high level, low level, high impedance state or other signals different from those before power loss to determine whether the first power module 10 is power loss.

[0088] The control module 40 can be a microcontroller unit (MCU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or other processors that form the main controller. The number of processors can be one or more.

[0089] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the power loss protection circuit 100 also includes an isolation transformer module 60. The enable terminal of the isolation transformer module 60 is connected to the second output terminal of the control module 40. The positive power input terminal of the isolation transformer module 60 is connected to the positive power terminal of the second power module 50. The negative power terminal of the isolation transformer module 60 is connected to the ground terminal GND. The positive power output terminal of the isolation transformer module 60 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10.

[0090] It should be noted that the isolation transformer module 60 is optional. If the second power module 50 can directly charge the first power module 10, the isolation transformer module 60 can be omitted; or, if the output voltage of the second power module 50 needs to be converted before it can charge the first power module 10, the isolation transformer module 60 is necessary. The control module 40 can enable the second power module 50 to enter the working mode according to the second control signal. The second power module 50 can convert its own voltage through the isolation transformer module 60 to replenish the first power module 10. Thus, even in sleep mode, it can replenish the first power module 10, thereby preventing the first power module 10 from running out of power while extending the sleep time.

[0091] The isolation transformer module 60 contains the basic function of voltage conversion. The isolation transformer module 60 can be an independent chip or integrated circuit (IC), or it can be a discrete device composed of multiple components.

[0092] In one embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second power module 50 includes an output enable module 51 and a high-voltage power supply 52. ​​The enable terminal of the output enable module 51 is connected to the first output terminal of the control module 40, and the positive power input terminal of the output enable module 51 is connected to the second power supply terminal. The output enable terminal of the high-voltage power supply 52 is connected to the positive power output terminal of the output enable module 51, the negative power supply terminal of the high-voltage power supply 52 is connected to the ground terminal GND, and the positive power supply terminal of the high-voltage power supply 52 is connected to the positive power input terminal of the isolation transformer module 60.

[0093] It should be noted that the output enable module 51 can convert the output voltage of the control module 40 into a voltage that enables the high voltage power supply 52, thereby enabling the high voltage power supply 52 to operate when the first power supply module 10 is underpowered.

[0094] In one embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the power loss protection circuit 100 also includes a first switch S1 and a second diode D1. One end of the first switch S1 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10; the anode of the second diode D1 is connected to the other end of the first switch S1, and the cathode of the second diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D2.

[0095] It should be noted that the first switch S1 and the second diode D1 can form a normal startup circuit. Even if the first power module 10 does not need to be depleted, the power management module 30 can be directly enabled by starting the first switch S1 and then the second diode D1. The second diode D1 can play the role of rectification and anti-backflow.

[0096] It should be noted that if the voltage at the positive terminal of the first power module 10 after voltage division is greater than the reference voltage Vref, it means that the voltage at the positive terminal of the first power module 10 is greater than the undervoltage protection threshold; if the voltage at the positive terminal of the first power module 10 after voltage division is less than or equal to the reference voltage Vref, it means that the voltage at the positive terminal of the first power module 10 is less than or equal to the undervoltage protection threshold, and at this time the control switch unit 23 will be in the conducting state.

[0097] Specifically, when the voltage at the inverting input of comparator U1 is higher than the reference voltage Vref, the output of comparator U1 is internally disconnected, exhibiting a high-impedance state. At this time, the second transistor Q1 is off, the first low-voltage power supply depletion signal provided to the power management module 30 is low, disabling the power management module 30, and the second low-voltage power supply depletion signal provided to the control module 40 is 0 voltage, also not activating the control module 40. When the voltage at the inverting input of comparator U1 is lower than the reference voltage Vref, the output of comparator U1 is internally grounded, the second transistor Q1 is turned on, the first low-voltage power supply depletion signal provided to the power management module 30 is high, enabling the power management module 30, and the second low-voltage power supply depletion signal provided to the control module 40 is a corresponding voltage divider, activating the control module 40.

[0098] Figure 9This is a circuit diagram of the power loss protection circuit 100 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. The first power module 10 has a positive (+) power supply terminal and a negative (-) power supply terminal. The positive (+) power supply terminal of the first power module 10 is also referred to as 12V BET+. For example, when fully charged, the voltage at the positive power supply terminal of the first power module 10 is 12V, although the actual voltage may be slightly higher. The first power module 10 can also be referred to as a low-voltage power supply. This low-voltage power supply supplies power to the vehicle starting and low-voltage control module 40, and is also the target device protected by this application.

[0099] The power management module 30 has a power input positive terminal (Vin), a power input negative terminal (GND), an enable terminal (EN1), and a power output positive terminal (Vout). The first power supply terminal VIN1 can be an external power supply terminal or the power supply positive terminal of the first power module 10. The voltage of the power output positive terminal can be, for example, +3.3V.

[0100] The control module 40 has a positive power supply terminal (VCC), an input terminal (I / O3), a negative power supply terminal (GND), a first output terminal (I / O1), and a second output terminal (I / O2). The control module 40 may optionally have an analog-to-digital conversion function.

[0101] The enable terminal of the second power module 50 is the enable terminal (EN) of the output enable module 51. The negative terminal of the second power module 50 is the negative terminal (-) of the high voltage power supply 52. ​​The positive terminal of the second power module 50 is the positive terminal (+) of the high voltage power supply 52. ​​The output enable module 51 also has a positive input terminal (VCC) and a positive output terminal (Vout). The high voltage power supply 52 also has an output enable terminal (OUT-EN).

[0102] The isolation transformer module 60 has an enable terminal (EN), a positive power input terminal (Vin), a negative power input terminal (GNDA, GNDB), and a positive power output terminal (Vout). The isolation transformer module 60 is used to convert the voltage of the high-voltage power supply 52 into a voltage suitable for charging the low-voltage power supply, and in conjunction with the control module 40, it can realize the protection and control of the charging circuit.

[0103] The power loss detection module 20 is used to acquire the first low-voltage power loss signal and the second low-voltage power loss signal. The first low-voltage power loss signal is used to enable the power management module 30. The control module 40 judges and runs the corresponding mode program by acquiring the second low-voltage power loss signal. If it is determined that the low-voltage power is in a power loss protection state, the set charging mode is run to replenish the power of the first power module 10.

[0104] In one embodiment, this embodiment provides a power loss protection method, such as... Figure 10 As shown, this power failure protection method includes the following steps:

[0105] Step S10: Generate the corresponding switching control signal based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module and the depletion threshold voltage.

[0106] Step S20: Output a power depletion control signal based on the switch control signal.

[0107] It is understood that the power loss protection method provided in this application generates a corresponding switch control signal based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 and the power loss threshold voltage, and outputs a power loss control signal based on the switch control signal. Different levels of the power loss control signal can indicate whether the first power module 10 has experienced power loss. For example, a high-level power loss control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module 10 has experienced power loss (is in a power loss protection state) and needs to be recharged; or, a low-level power loss control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module 10 has not experienced power loss (is not in a power loss protection state) and does not need to be recharged.

[0108] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a power outage protection circuit 100 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. It describes a power outage protection method, which includes:

[0109] Real-time voltage detection: The voltage across the first power module 10 is detected in real time by the power loss detection module 20.

[0110] Determine if the voltage is close to the undervoltage protection threshold: This means determining if the voltage of the low-voltage power supply is less than or equal to the undervoltage protection threshold. If not, i.e., there is no voltage close to the undervoltage protection threshold, return to the step "Real-time Voltage Detection".

[0111] If so, i.e., the voltage is close to the power depletion level, the power management module 30 is enabled to activate the control module 40. The power depletion control signal includes a first control signal and a second control signal. The power management module 30 is enabled based on the first control signal, and the control module 40 is activated based on the second control signal.

[0112] The control module 40 determines whether the vehicle is in the power loss protection mode. If it is not in the power loss protection mode, it assumes that the vehicle is in normal start-up state and is running in normal working mode.

[0113] If the system is in power loss protection mode, it will operate in charging mode, meaning the high-voltage power supply 52 and the isolation transformer module 60 will be operational, charging the low-voltage power supply. Specifically, based on the second control signal, the control module 40 determines whether the current operating mode is in power loss protection mode; if it is, the control module 40 switches to charging mode. In charging mode, the control module 40 controls the second power module 50 to replenish power to the first power module 10.

[0114] Determine if charging is complete: During the charging process described above, determine whether the low-voltage power supply has finished charging based on the set charging completion conditions. If charging is not complete, continue to the "Run Charging Mode" step.

[0115] If charging is complete, then charging ends, meaning the current power shortage protection has been completed. Specifically, the control module 40 determines whether charging of the first power module 10 is complete; if charging of the first power module 10 is complete, charging ends.

[0116] In summary, this application, through an independently operating power depletion protection scheme, enables new energy vehicles to continue charging nearby low-voltage power sources (low-voltage batteries) even after the vehicle is locked, via the vehicle's high-voltage power supply 52 (high-voltage power battery), thus ensuring that the low-voltage batteries have sufficient charge. This design can significantly extend the power-off sleep time of new energy vehicles, improve the vehicle's battery management system (BMS), enhance vehicle reliability, and has promising application prospects.

[0117] In one embodiment, this invention provides a vehicle that includes the aforementioned power loss protection circuit 100. The vehicle may be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, etc., and this disclosure does not specifically limit it.

[0118] It is understood that, since the vehicle provided in this application embodiment includes a power loss protection circuit 100, it can also generate a corresponding switch control signal based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 and the power loss threshold voltage, and output a power loss control signal based on the switch control signal. Different levels of the power loss control signal can indicate whether the first power module 10 has experienced a power loss. For example, a high-level power loss control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module 10 has experienced a power loss (is in a power loss protection state) and needs to be recharged; or, a low-level power loss control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module 10 has not experienced a power loss (is not in a power loss protection state) and does not need to be recharged.

[0119] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0120] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0121] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0122] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Although the descriptions of each embodiment in this application have different focuses, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the content of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A power loss protection circuit, characterized in that, The power loss protection circuit includes a power loss detection module (20), which includes: Power loss judgment unit (22), the power loss judgment unit (22) is used to generate a corresponding switch control signal based on the comparison result of the power supply voltage of the first power module (10) and the power loss threshold voltage; A switching unit (23) is connected to the power shortage judgment unit (22) and the first power module (10). The switching unit (23) is used to output a power shortage control signal according to the switching control signal. The power loss control signal includes a first control signal and a second control signal; The power loss protection circuit also includes: The first power module (10) has its positive power terminal connected to the power loss detection module (20), and its negative power terminal connected to the ground terminal (GND). The power management module (30) has its power input positive terminal connected to the power positive terminal of the first power module (10), its power negative terminal connected to the ground terminal (GND), and its enable terminal connected to the first control signal. The control module (40) has its positive power supply terminal connected to the positive power output terminal of the power management module (30), its input terminal connected to the second control signal, and its negative power supply terminal connected to the ground terminal (GND). The second power module (50) has its enable terminal connected to the first output terminal of the control module (40), its positive power terminal connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module (10), and its negative power terminal connected to the ground terminal (GND).

2. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power shortage judgment unit (22) includes: Operational amplifier (U2), the first pin of which is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module (10), the fourth pin of which is connected to the ground terminal (GND), the second pin of which is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module (10), and the fifth pin of which is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit (23); The reference power supply (REF1) is connected to the third pin of the operational amplifier (U2), and the negative terminal of the reference power supply (REF1) is connected to the ground (GND).

3. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power shortage judgment unit (22) includes: The comparator (U1) has its first pin connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module (10), its fourth pin connected to the ground terminal (GND), its second pin connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module (10), and its fifth pin connected to the control terminal of the switching unit (23). A reference power supply (REF1) is connected to the third pin of the comparator (U1), and the negative terminal of the reference power supply (REF1) is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The first resistor (R3) has one end connected to the fifth pin of the comparator (U1) and the other end connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module (10).

4. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power depletion judgment unit (22) also includes a second resistor (R4), one end of which is connected to the fifth pin of the comparator (U1), and the other end of which is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit (23).

5. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power loss detection module (20) further includes a first voltage divider unit (21), the input terminal of the first voltage divider unit (21) is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module (10), and the output terminal of the first voltage divider unit (21) is connected to the input terminal of the power loss judgment unit (22).

6. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first voltage divider unit (21) includes: The third resistor (RF1) has one end connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module (10); The fourth resistor (RF2) has one end connected to the other end of the third resistor (RF1), and the other end of the fourth resistor (RF2) is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The first capacitor (C1) has one end connected to the other end of the third resistor (RF1), one end of the fourth resistor (RF2) and the input terminal of the power depletion judgment unit (22), and the other end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

7. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power shortage judgment unit (22) includes: The first transistor (Q2) has its first terminal connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module (10), and its control terminal is connected to one end of the fourth resistor (RF2). The fifth resistor (R2) has one end connected to the second terminal of the first transistor (Q2), and the other end connected to the ground terminal (GND). The second capacitor (C2) has one end connected to one end of the fifth resistor (R2) and the control terminal of the switching unit (23), and the other end of the second capacitor (C2) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

8. The power loss protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The switching unit (23) includes a second transistor (Q1). The first terminal of the second transistor (Q1) is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the first power module (10). The control terminal of the second transistor (Q1) is connected to the output terminal of the power shortage judgment unit (22). The second terminal of the second transistor (Q1) is used to output the power shortage control signal.

9. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power loss judgment unit (22) further includes an anti-backflow output unit (25). The input terminal of the anti-backflow output unit (25) is connected to the second pole of the second transistor (Q1), and the output terminal of the anti-backflow output unit (25) is used to output the first control signal.

10. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The anti-backflow output unit (25) includes a first diode (D2), the positive terminal of the first diode (D2) is connected to the output terminal of the switching unit (23), and the cathode of the first diode (D2) is used to output the first control signal.

11. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The anti-backflow output unit (25) also includes a sixth resistor (R1), one end of which is connected to the cathode of the first diode (D2), and the other end of which is used to output the first control signal.

12. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power loss judgment unit (22) further includes a second voltage divider unit (24), the input terminal of the second voltage divider unit (24) is connected to the output terminal of the switch unit (23), and the output terminal of the second voltage divider unit (24) is used to output the second control signal.

13. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second voltage divider unit (24) includes: The seventh resistor (RF3) has one end connected to the second terminal of the second transistor (Q1); The eighth resistor (RF4) has one end connected to the other end of the seventh resistor (RF3) and outputs the second control signal. The other end of the eighth resistor (RF4) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

14. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power loss protection circuit also includes an isolation transformer module (60). The enable terminal of the isolation transformer module (60) is connected to the second output terminal of the control module (40). The positive power input terminal of the isolation transformer module (60) is connected to the positive power input terminal of the second power module (50). The negative power input terminal of the isolation transformer module (60) is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The positive power output terminal of the isolation transformer module (60) is connected to the positive power input terminal of the first power module (10).

15. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The second power module (50) includes: Output enable module (51), the enable terminal of the output enable module (51) is connected to the first output terminal of the control module (40), and the positive power input terminal of the output enable module (51) is connected to the second power supply terminal; A high-voltage power supply (52) is provided. The output enable terminal of the high-voltage power supply (52) is connected to the positive output terminal of the output enable module (51). The negative terminal of the high-voltage power supply (52) is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The positive terminal of the high-voltage power supply (52) is connected to the positive input terminal of the isolation transformer module (60).

16. The power loss protection circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The power loss protection circuit also includes: The first switch (S1) has one end connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module (10). The second diode (D1) has its anode connected to the other end of the first switch (S1), and its cathode connected to the cathode of the first diode (D2).

17. A method for protecting against power loss, characterized in that, Applied to the power loss protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-16, the power loss protection method includes: The corresponding switching control signal is generated based on the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power module (10) and the power depletion threshold voltage; Output a power depletion control signal based on the switch control signal; The power loss protection method also includes: The power loss control signal configuration includes a first control signal and a second control signal; The power management module (30) is enabled according to the first control signal. The control module (40) is activated according to the second control signal.

18. The power loss protection method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The power loss protection method also includes: Based on the second control signal, the control module (40) determines whether the current operating mode is in the power loss protection mode; When the power loss protection mode is in effect, the control module (40) switches to the charging mode.

19. The power loss protection method according to claim 18, characterized in that, When the power loss protection mode is in effect, the control module (40) switches to the charging mode, including: In the charging mode, the control module (40) controls the second power module (50) to replenish the power of the first power module (10).

20. The power loss protection method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The power loss protection method also includes: The control module (40) determines whether the charging of the first power module (10) is complete; Charging ends when the first power module (10) has finished charging.

21. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a power loss protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-16.

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