Photovoltaic module and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a preparation process thereof, comprising a top glass plate, a first adhesive film, a battery string, a second adhesive film and a bottom glass plate stacked from top to bottom, wherein the battery string comprises a plurality of spliced ​​battery cells, and a light-receiving surface of each battery cell is provided with a light-reflecting coating, and the light-reflecting coating is transparent; by directly providing the light-reflecting coating on the light-receiving surface of the battery cell, and splicing the battery cells into a battery string, it is ensured that the light-reflecting coating can convert ultraviolet light in sunlight irradiated on the battery cell into visible light, so as to be absorbed by the battery string, thereby avoiding the method of doping a light-reflecting agent in the adhesive film, solving the technical problems in the prior art that the cost of using a light-reflecting adhesive film for photovoltaic modules is high and the light-reflecting adhesive film is easily deformed during lamination and affects the light-reflecting effect, thereby improving the utilization rate of ultraviolet light by the photovoltaic module, improving the photoelectric conversion effect of the battery cell, and thus improving the power of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells are devices that use the photoelectric effect of semiconductor materials to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic modules are a key part of solar power generation systems. Conventional photovoltaic modules are composed of transparent glass panels, adhesive films and battery strings.

[0003] In order to improve the utilization rate of ultraviolet light by photovoltaic modules, improve the photoelectric conversion effect of battery cells, and thus increase the power of photovoltaic modules, existing photovoltaic modules are usually provided with light-converting adhesive films. By doping light-converting agents in the light-converting adhesive films, the light-converting adhesive films can convert ultraviolet light in sunlight into visible light, which can then be absorbed by the battery strings.

[0004] However, in order to add a light conversion agent to the light conversion film so that the film can achieve the effect of converting visible light, a large amount of light conversion agent is required, which makes the cost of the light conversion film higher; and the light conversion film purchased separately is also easy to stick to other debris during transportation, causing damage to the light conversion film and affecting the light conversion effect of the light conversion film; at the same time, since the transparent glass plate, film and battery string need to be laminated when the photovoltaic module is formed, the light conversion film will cause a certain degree of deformation, affecting the light conversion effect of the light conversion film. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module and its preparation process to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the cost of using light-converting adhesive film in photovoltaic modules is high and the light-converting adhesive film is easily deformed during lamination, affecting the light-converting effect.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a top glass plate, a first adhesive film, a battery string, a second adhesive film and a bottom glass plate stacked from top to bottom. The battery string comprises a plurality of spliced ​​battery cells, and a light-receiving surface of each battery cell is provided with a light-converting coating, and the light-converting coating is transparent.

[0007] Furthermore, each surface of the cell is provided with a light conversion coating.

[0008] Furthermore, the light-converting coating comprises any one or more of inorganic phosphors, organic molecules, rare earth light-converting materials, and semiconductor quantum dots.

[0009] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module further comprises a cut-off layer, and the cut-off layer is sprayed on a side of the bottom glass plate close to the second adhesive film.

[0010] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module further comprises a cut-off layer, and the cut-off layer is arranged on a side of the second adhesive film away from the battery string.

[0011] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module further comprises a cut-off layer, and the cut-off layer is sprayed on the light-converting coating on the backlight surface of the cell string.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a photovoltaic module preparation process, which is used to prepare the above-mentioned photovoltaic module, comprising: Step 1: preparing a light-converting coating on the surface of the battery cell, and connecting all the battery cells in series and in parallel to form a battery string; Step 2: stack the top glass plate, the first adhesive film, the second adhesive film, the bottom glass plate and the battery string with the light-converting coating, and perform hot pressing to form the layers.

[0013] Furthermore, preparing a light conversion coating on the surface of the cell comprises: A light conversion agent solution is prepared, the light conversion agent solution is sprayed onto the surface of the battery cell, and the battery cell after spraying is dried.

[0014] Further, preparing a light-converting coating on the surface of the cell comprises; A light conversion agent solution is prepared, the battery cell is immersed in the light conversion agent solution, and the immersed battery cell is dried.

[0015] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module preparation process also includes: A cut-off layer is prepared on the bottom glass plate, or, A cut-off layer is prepared on the side of the second adhesive film away from the battery string, or, After preparing a light-converting coating on the surface of the battery cell, a cut-off layer is formed by spraying on the backlight surface of the battery string.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention comprises a top glass plate, a first adhesive film, a battery string, a second adhesive film and a bottom glass plate stacked from top to bottom, the battery string comprises a plurality of spliced ​​battery cells, the light-receiving surface of each battery cell is provided with a light-conversion coating, and the light-conversion coating is transparent; by directly providing the light-conversion coating on the light-receiving surface of the battery cell and splicing the battery cells into a battery string, it is ensured that the light-conversion coating can convert the ultraviolet light in the sunlight irradiated on the battery cell into visible light, which is absorbed by the battery string, and the method of doping the light-conversion agent in the adhesive film is avoided, and the technical problems of the prior art that the cost of using the light-conversion adhesive film for photovoltaic modules is high, it is easy to be damaged by adhesion of other materials during transportation, and the light-conversion adhesive film is easy to deform during lamination and affects the light-conversion effect, thereby improving the utilization rate of ultraviolet light by the photovoltaic module, improving the photoelectric conversion effect of the battery cell, and thus improving the power of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention in which only the light-receiving surface of the cell is provided with a light-converting coating; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention in which a light conversion coating is provided on each surface of a cell; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention when a cut-off layer is sprayed on a bottom glass plate; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention when a cut-off layer is disposed on the second adhesive film; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the cut-off layer is sprayed on the battery cell.

[0019] Reference numerals: 100, top glass plate; 200, first adhesive film; 300, battery string; 310, battery cell; 311, light conversion coating; 400, second adhesive film; 500, bottom glass plate; 600. Cutoff layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, including a top glass plate 100, a first adhesive film 200, a battery string 300, a second adhesive film 400 and a bottom glass plate 500 stacked from top to bottom, the battery string 300 includes a plurality of spliced ​​battery cells 310, and a light-receiving surface of each battery cell 310 is provided with a light-reflecting coating 311, and the light-reflecting coating 311 is transparent.

[0028] That is, the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention, by directly setting the light conversion coating 311 on the light-receiving surface of the battery cell 310, and splicing the battery cells 310 to form a battery string 300, ensures that the light conversion coating 311 can convert the ultraviolet light in the sunlight irradiated on the battery cell 310 into visible light, which is absorbed by the battery string 300, avoids the method of doping light conversion agents in the film, solves the technical problems in the prior art that the cost of using light conversion films in photovoltaic modules is high and the light conversion films are easy to deform during lamination, affecting the light conversion effect, improves the utilization rate of ultraviolet light in photovoltaic modules, improves the photoelectric conversion effect of the battery cell 310, and thus improves the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0029] Specifically, the cell 310 in the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention can be set as different types of cell 310 such as perovskite cell 310 and crystalline silicon cell 310, and a whole cell string 300 is formed by series-parallel connection. Then, the photovoltaic module is formed by laminating with the top glass plate 100, the first adhesive film 200, the second adhesive film 400 and the bottom glass plate 500 in order from top to bottom. The light conversion coating 311 can be set to be a solution mixed with a light conversion agent, and sprayed on the top of the cell string 300 by spraying, so that the light conversion coating 311 is formed on the light receiving surface of the cell 310, and then the ultraviolet light in the sunlight irradiated on the cell 310 is converted into visible light.

[0030] Preferably, the light conversion coating 311 comprises any one or more of inorganic phosphors, organic molecules, rare earth light conversion materials, and semiconductor quantum dots.

[0031] Specifically, the light conversion coating 311 can be made of any one or more of inorganic phosphors, organic molecules, rare earth light conversion materials, and semiconductor quantum dots. Inorganic phosphors, organic molecules, rare earth light conversion materials, and semiconductor quantum dots are all photoluminescent materials that can absorb light of a specific wavelength and emit light of another wavelength to meet the light conversion requirements. For example, rare earth light conversion materials can convert ultraviolet light or green light in sunlight into red-orange light that can be used by plant photosynthesis. By preparing a light conversion agent using inorganic phosphors, organic molecules, rare earth light conversion materials, and semiconductor quantum dots and spraying it to form a light conversion coating 311, the light conversion coating 311 can convert the ultraviolet light in the sunlight irradiated on the battery cell 310 into visible light.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, as an alternative, each surface of the battery cell 310 is provided with a light conversion coating 311 .

[0033] Specifically, each surface of the cell 310 is provided with a light conversion coating 311, that is, both the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface of the cell 310 are provided with a light conversion coating 311, and the light conversion coating 311 can be prepared on the cell 310 by double-sided spraying or immersion baking. Thus, the light conversion coating 311 can convert the ultraviolet rays in the sunlight reflected by the ground on the backlight surface of the cell 310, and further improve the power generation efficiency of the cell 310.

[0034] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the photovoltaic module further includes a cut-off layer 600 , which is sprayed on a side of the bottom glass plate 500 close to the second adhesive film 400 .

[0035] Specifically, the cutoff layer 600 is set on the upper surface of the bottom glass plate 500 by spraying a cutoff agent. By spraying the cutoff layer 600 on the bottom glass plate 500, the transmittance of ultraviolet light can be effectively controlled, and the probability of the back plate in the photovoltaic cell being damaged by ultraviolet light can be reduced. It can also prevent the bottom glass plate 500 from yellowing under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, thereby affecting the overall output efficiency of the component.

[0036] As an alternative, the photovoltaic module further includes a cut-off layer 600 , which is disposed on a side of the second adhesive film 400 away from the battery string 300 .

[0037] Specifically, the cut-off layer 600 may also be directly sprayed on the second adhesive film 400 , so as to control the transmittance of ultraviolet light and reduce the probability of the back plate of the photovoltaic cell being damaged by ultraviolet light.

[0038] As an alternative, the photovoltaic module further includes a cut-off layer 600 , which is sprayed onto the light-converting coating 311 on the backlight surface of the cell string 300 .

[0039] Specifically, the cut-off layer 600 is disposed on the lower surface of the light-converting coating 311 on the backlight surface of the cell string by spraying a cut-off agent, thereby controlling the transmittance of ultraviolet light and reducing the probability of the back plate in the photovoltaic cell being damaged by ultraviolet light.

[0040] Embodiment 2 The present invention also provides a photovoltaic module preparation process for preparing the above-mentioned photovoltaic module, including: step one, preparing a light-conversion coating 311 on the surface of a cell 310, and connecting all the cell 310 in series and parallel to form a cell string 300; step two, stacking a top glass plate 100, a first adhesive film 200, a second adhesive film 400, a bottom glass plate 500 and a cell string 300 having a light-conversion coating 311, and hot pressing them into shape.

[0041] Specifically, firstly, one or more of inorganic phosphors, organic molecules, rare earth light-converting materials, and semiconductor quantum dots are prepared with corresponding solvents to prepare a light-converting solution, and then the light-converting solution is sprayed on the cell 310 to form a light-converting coating 311. All the cells 310 are connected in series and parallel through electrodes to form a cell string 300, thereby forming a cell string 300 with a light-converting coating 311. After forming the cell string 300, the top glass plate 100, the first adhesive film 200, the second adhesive film 400, the bottom glass plate 500, and the cell string 300 with the light-converting coating 311 can be stacked and hot-pressed to form the final photovoltaic module. In this process, the light-converting coating 311 is directly set on the light-receiving surface of the cell 310, and the light-converting agent will not be doped in the adhesive film, so the light-converting adhesive film will not be used, which naturally reduces the procurement cost. At the same time, the technical problem that the light-converting adhesive film is easily deformed during lamination and affects the light-converting effect is also solved, thereby improving the utilization rate of ultraviolet light by the photovoltaic module, improving the photoelectric conversion effect of the battery cell 310, and thus improving the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0042] Furthermore, preparing the light conversion coating 311 on the surface of the battery cell 310 includes: preparing a light conversion agent solution, spraying the light conversion agent solution onto the surface of the battery cell 310, and drying the sprayed battery cell 310.

[0043] Specifically, in order to ensure the uniformity and stability of the light conversion coating 311, after the light conversion solution is sprayed on the surface of the battery cell 310, the sprayed battery cell 310 needs to be dried. In this embodiment, the drying process is performed in a vacuum environment to avoid the influence of the gas flow in the environment on the uniformity of the light conversion coating 311.

[0044] As an alternative, preparing the light conversion coating 311 on the surface of the battery cell 310 includes: preparing a light conversion agent solution, immersing the battery cell 310 in the light conversion agent solution, and drying the immersed battery cell 310.

[0045] Specifically, the light conversion agent solution may also form the light conversion coating 311 without spraying. After the light conversion agent solution is prepared, the battery cell 310 may be directly immersed in the light conversion agent solution, so that the light conversion coating 311 is formed on each surface of the battery cell 310, and then dried in a vacuum environment to ensure the uniformity and stability of the light conversion coating 311.

[0046] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module preparation process also includes: preparing a cutoff layer 600 on the bottom glass plate 500, or preparing a cutoff layer 600 on the side of the second adhesive film 400 away from the battery string 300, or, after preparing a light conversion coating 311 on the surface of the battery cell 310, spraying the cutoff layer 600 on the backlight surface of the battery string 300.

[0047] Specifically, the preparation position of the cut-off layer 600 can be selected according to actual production requirements. The cut-off layer 600 can be prepared by preparing a cut-off solution with a cut-off agent, and then sprayed onto the bottom glass plate 500, the backlight surface of the cell 310 or the second adhesive film 400 by spraying. By preparing the cut-off layer 600, the transmittance of ultraviolet light is controlled, and the probability of the back plate of the photovoltaic cell being damaged by ultraviolet light is reduced.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising a top glass plate (100), a first adhesive film (200), a battery string (300), a second adhesive film (400) and a bottom glass plate (500) stacked from top to bottom, characterized in that: The battery string (300) comprises a plurality of spliced ​​battery sheets (310), and a light-receiving surface of each battery sheet (310) is provided with a light-converting coating (311), and the light-converting coating (311) is transparent.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each surface of the cell sheet (310) is provided with a light conversion coating (311).

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The light-converting coating (311) comprises any one or more of inorganic fluorescent powder, organic molecules, rare earth light-converting materials, and semiconductor quantum dots.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module further comprises a cut-off layer (600), wherein the cut-off layer (600) is sprayed on a side of the bottom glass plate (500) close to the second adhesive film (400).

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module further comprises a cut-off layer (600), wherein the cut-off layer (600) is arranged on a side of the second adhesive film (400) away from the battery string (300).

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module further comprises a cut-off layer (600), wherein the cut-off layer (600) is sprayed onto the light-converting coating (311) on the backlight surface of the cell string (300).

7. A photovoltaic module preparation process, characterized in that: For preparing the photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: Step 1: preparing a light-converting coating (311) on the surface of the battery cell (310), and connecting all the battery cells (310) in series and in parallel to form a battery string (300); Step 2: stacking the top glass plate (100), the first adhesive film (200), the second adhesive film (400), the bottom glass plate (500) and the battery string (300) with the light-converting coating (311), and hot pressing them into shape.

8. The photovoltaic module preparation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: Preparing a light-converting coating (311) on the surface of the cell (310) includes: A light conversion agent solution is prepared, the light conversion agent solution is sprayed onto the surface of the battery cell (310), and the battery cell (310) after spraying is dried.

9. The photovoltaic module preparation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: Preparing a light-converting coating (311) on the surface of the cell (310) includes: A light conversion agent solution is prepared, the battery cell (310) is immersed in the light conversion agent solution, and the immersed battery cell (310) is dried.

10. The photovoltaic module preparation process according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module preparation process also includes: preparing a stop layer (600) on the bottom glass plate (500), or, A cut-off layer (600) is prepared on the side of the second adhesive film (400) away from the battery string (300), or, After a light-converting coating (311) is prepared on the surface of the battery cell (310), a cutoff layer (600) is formed by spraying on the backlight surface of the battery string (300).

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