Seedling raising method for improving survival rate of cutting of lonicera similis

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of cutting of Stachyurus himalaicus Hook.f., belong to seedling propagation technical field.The seedling raising method is selected 2-3 years old, strong, 3 grade branches more than 8 of Stachyurus himalaicus Hook.f.as mother plant, is cultivated to before fruit growth, retains 3 grade branches, obtains strong cutting;Year-old, 4 grade branches above, semi-lignified branch of upper tender shoot of the year of the next year is made as cutting;Cutting is treated with root stimulator, is cut to seedling raising substrate, carries out cutting management.The present application realizes the purpose of low cost, rapid propagation of Stachyurus himalaicus Hook.f.excellent seedling, greatly improves the supply capacity of Stachyurus himalaicus Hook.f.seedling, can satisfy the demand of Stachyurus himalaicus Hook.f.high-quality seedling on production, and application prospect is wide.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of seedling breeding, and particularly relates to a seedling breeding method for improving the survival rate of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. cutting. BACKGROUND

[0002] Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth., also known as Jiubuxian, Huanyaohua, Chuihuazixiang, Liuyetixuancuo, etc., is a plant of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. in Labiatae. It likes shade and grows in humid places of mountain slopes at an altitude of 500-1300 meters. It is a special plant in China and mainly produced in Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei. The whole plant is used as a medicine, has the effects of clearing heat and resolving toxins, promoting blood circulation to stop pain and relieving fever and sweating, and is mainly used for cold, diarrhea, rheumatism, injury, snake bite, etc. It is a common green herb in the She nationality in the east of Fujian and the south of Zhejiang, and is also called "Jiubuxian" in the folk. It is the main component of Lianhuaqingwen and other Chinese patent medicines. In addition to being used as a medicine, it is also often used as a medicinal diet. People's demand for Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. is growing, but the seedling breeding technology of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. is still blank. Due to the characteristics of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. itself, the survival rate of conventional cutting seedling is low, and there are problems of rapid depletion of wild resources due to wild resource excavation, insufficient supply of seedlings and high price of artificial cultivation, which seriously affects the cultivation and industrial development of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. There is no report on the seedling research of using the middle and upper parts of semi-lignified shoots as cutting shoots and cutting shoot treatment, and there is no report on the seedling method for improving the survival rate of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. cutting. It is necessary to invent a seedling technology for improving the survival rate of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. cutting to speed up the popularization of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. seedling breeding technology, which is the key to solving the bottleneck of the production technology. It not only protects the wild plant resources, but also promotes the standardization and industrialization development of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. and improves the income of farmers. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to improve the survival rate of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. seedling and planting benefit, the present application provides a seedling method which is simple and easy to popularize and can significantly improve the survival rate of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. cutting.

[0004] By using the cutting mother plant base to cultivate excellent Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. cutting shoots, perfect cutting shoot preparation and treatment method and suitable cutting time and field management, the survival rate of Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth. cutting seedling can reach more than 86.3%.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] The application discloses a seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of cutting of Loropetalum chinense. The seedling raising method is as follows: 2-3 years old, strong, and 3-grade branches more than 8 Loropetalum chinense are selected as mother plants for cutting, and the 3-grade branches are all cut to 5 cm±2 cm before fruit growth, so that strong cuttings are obtained; in late May to late June of the next year, the middle and upper part of semi-lignified branches of the 4th-grade branches or above of the current year are prepared as cuttings.

[0007] Further, the cutting seedling raising method comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Construction of mother plant base for cutting: a forest land with a water source nearby, a canopy density of 45-55%, a soil PH value of 5.0-7.0, and fertile and loose soil is selected as a Loropetalum chinense mother plant base for cutting. In winter, weeds are cleaned, the soil is ploughed and raked, the soil is turned over to 25-30 cm, 1500-2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer per mu, and the soil is mixed and ploughed again 1-2 times, and a ridge is formed, with a width of 60-70 cm, a height of 30-40 cm, and a drainage ditch with a width of 25-35 cm around.

[0009] (2) Selection of mother plant for cutting: 2-3 years old, strong, and 3-grade branches more than 8 Loropetalum chinense are selected as mother plants for cutting.

[0010] (3) Cultivation of mother plant for cutting: in March and April, the mother plants for cutting are planted in the mother plant base for cutting, with a row spacing of 40-50 cm; the canopy density is controlled to be 45-55% during the growth period; water is sprayed twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and no water is sprayed at other times; after pruning, 1-1.5 kg of mixed fertilizer is applied per plant in winter; the rapid overgrowth of the mother plants for cutting is controlled, and the 4th-grade branches are promoted to grow.

[0011] (4) Pruning of mother plant for cutting: before fruit growth in September, the 3-grade branches are all cut to 5 cm±2 cm.

[0012] (5) Preparation of cuttings: in late May to late June of the next year, the middle and upper part of semi-lignified branches of the 4th-grade branches or above of the current year of the Loropetalum chinense mother plants for cutting which are healthy and free of diseases and pests are selected as cuttings.

[0013] (6) The seedbed preparation for cutting: selecting the altitude of 500-1000 meters, near water source, good ventilation, fertile, loose mountain slope forest edge or valley. The cutting facility selects the conventional shading greenhouse facility, the shed height is about 2 meters, and the net with 65-75% shading degree is used for shading; the shading shed is equipped with a sprinkling irrigation system, and the sprinkling irrigation should select the mist nozzle. The seedling substrate is loaded into the seedling container tray, the hole diameter is 4-6 cm, and the height is 6-10 cm, and the standby is prepared.

[0014] (7) The cutting and post-cutting management: cutting with picking; before cutting, the cutting is soaked in the carbendazim with the concentration of 250-300 times for 8-12 minutes for disinfection; then the bottom half of the cutting is soaked in the self-prepared root promoting solution for 8-10 seconds. Before cutting, the seedling substrate is sprayed wet, and the water content of the seedling substrate is kept at 50-60%; the cutting depth is 3-5 cm; the bottom one bud is inserted into the soil and is pressed tightly, and the bottom one bud point part is inserted into the soil, which is beneficial to rapid rooting; and the upper one bud is outside the substrate, which is beneficial to the germination of new buds. After cutting, the humidity is controlled through the spraying system, and the humidity of the seedling substrate is kept at 30-35%; the shading degree is 65-75% from May to September. From October, the shading net is removed, and the seedling is hardened. After the new buds of the cutting seedlings grow and the leaves are unfolded, the cutting seedlings can be transplanted.

[0015] Further, the mixed fertilizer in step (3) is prepared by mixing mature manure, wood ash and calcium phosphate at a mass ratio of 1:1:(0.05-0.2).

[0016] Further, the cutting method in step (5) is that the cutting is cut into a cutting with 2 sections and a length of 10 cm or less; 2 leaf blades are reserved on the first section of the upper end of the cutting, each leaf blade is reserved by 1 / 3, the upper end of the cutting is cut horizontally at a position 0.8-1.2 cm above the first section; no leaf blade is reserved on the first section of the lower end of the cutting, and the lower end of the cutting is cut at an angle of 45° at a position 0.8-1.2 cm below the second section.

[0017] Further, the method for preparing the root promoting agent in step (7) is that the hormone α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole acetic acid (IAA), indole butyric acid (IBA) and sodium nitrophenol are mixed at a mass ratio of indole acetic acid: α-naphthalene acetic acid: indole butyric acid: sodium nitrophenol = 2:1:0.5:(0.3-0.8) to prepare a solution with a concentration of 200-250 mg / L. -1

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The present application effectively solves the technical problems of the blank of the cutting seedling technology of the Mao Yaohua, the few cuttings, the difficult rooting and the low survival rate, the survival rate of the seedling is more than 86.3% by using the method of cutting propagation of the tender branch of the robust Mao Yaohua, meanwhile, the upper tender branch of the 4th order branch is used as the cutting, the cutting source is sufficient, and the cutting does not compete with the medicinal material for raw materials.​

[0020] 2. The application of the present application will achieve the purpose of low-cost and rapid propagation of good seedlings of Coptis teeta, greatly improve the supply capacity of Coptis teeta seedlings, meet the demand for high-quality Coptis teeta seedlings in production, and have a wide application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Coptis teeta cutting diagram described in the specific embodiment.

[0022] Figure 2 Coptis teeta cutting seedling rooting diagram of different treatments described in the specific embodiment, wherein A-D are leafless cuttings, and E, F and G are cuttings with 1 / 3 leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The above is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, the present application will be further described in combination with examples.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] In the Coptis teeta test base in Yingshan Township, Zhenrong County, Ningde City, Fujian Province, a series of tests and production of Coptis teeta cutting mother plant base construction, cutting mother plant cultivation and tender branch cutting were carried out.

[0026] The specific steps are as follows:

[0027] (1) Construction of cutting mother plant base:

[0028] (1-1) Selecting a forest with thick bark under water, a forest with a canopy density of 45%, a soil PH value of 5.9, fertile and loose, and constructing a Coptis teeta cutting mother plant base;

[0029] (1-2) Cleaning up weeds in winter, full reclamation and soil loosening, turning over 28 cm of soil, and raking the soil flat, applying 2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer as base fertilizer per mu, mixing evenly, and turning over again twice;

[0030] (1-3) Raising a ridge, the ridge width is 70 cm, the ridge height is 30 cm, and a 30 cm drainage ditch is opened around the ridge.

[0031] (2) Selection of cutting mother plants: selecting 2-year-old, healthy, 3-level branch with more than 8 branches as cutting mother plants.

[0032] (3) Cultivation of cutting mother plants:

[0033] (3-1) In March, the cutting mother plants are planted in the cutting mother plant base with a row spacing of 40 cm, and 10 mu are constructed;

[0034] (3-2) Growth period control 50% canopy; 2 times a week watering in summer, 1 time a week watering in autumn, no watering at other times;

[0035] (3-3) After pruning in winter, each plant is combined with 1.2 kg of mixed fertilizer, and the ratio of mixed fertilizer is 1:1:0.1 (mass ratio) of mature manure: wood ash: calcium phosphate.

[0036] (4) Bud mother pruning: before fruit growth in September, 5 cm ± 2 cm of 3rd branches are retained, and all are cut flat.

[0037] (5) Cutting preparation:

[0038] (5-1) In late June, a. Select healthy and disease-free bud mother plants of Mao Yaohua, b. Select semi-lignified upper and middle tender branches of natural growth in the wild, and c. Select lignified Mao Yaohua as cuttings;

[0039] (5-2) Prune the cuttings into 2-node cuttings with a length of 10 cm or less;

[0040] (5-3) The first node at the upper end of the cutting is retained with 2 leaves, each leaf is retained with 1 / 3, and the upper end of the cutting is cut flat 0.8 cm above the first node; The lower end of the cutting is not retained with leaves, and is cut at 45° from the lower end of the second node 0.8 cm below, to obtain the cutting.

[0041] (6) Seedbed preparation for cutting:

[0042] (6-1) Select a mountain slope forest edge or valley with an altitude of 700 meters, near water sources, good ventilation, fertile and loose;

[0043] (6-2) Select conventional shading greenhouse facilities, with a shed height of 2 meters, and use a 75% shading net for shading; The shade house is equipped with a sprinkler system, and the sprinkler should choose a mist nozzle;

[0044] (6-3) Put the prepared mixed substrate into the seedling container tray, with a hole diameter of 5 cm and a height of 8 cm, ready for use.

[0045] (7) Cutting and post-cutting management:

[0046] (7-1) Cut immediately; before cutting, the cuttings are soaked in 250 times diluted carbendazim for 10 minutes for disinfection;

[0047] (7-2) Soak the bottom half of the cutting in rooting agent for 10 seconds; The rooting agent is prepared by mixing indole acetic acid: alpha-naphthyl acetic acid: indole butyric acid: sodium nitrophenol according to a mass ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.3 to prepare a solution with a concentration of 220 mg·L -1 .

[0048] (7-3) Before cutting, the substrate is sprayed wet, and the water content of the substrate is maintained at 60%;

[0049] (7-4) The cutting depth is about 5 cm; the lower node bud is inserted into the soil and pressed tightly, and the lower node bud point part is inserted into the soil, which is beneficial to rapid rooting; and the upper node bud needs to be outside the substrate;

[0050] (7-5) After cutting, the humidity is controlled by the spraying system, and the substrate humidity is maintained at 35%, and the cutting number is 300,000;

[0051] (7-6) From May to September, the shading degree is 75%, and from October, the shading net is removed for seedling raising;

[0052] (7-7) In November, after the new buds of the cutting seedlings grow and expand leaves, the cutting seedlings are transplanted.

[0053] The results of the cultivation of the three cuttings are shown in Table 1, and the cutting survival rate of the a cutting is the highest, which can reach 86.3% Figure 1 ). The growth of the field of the a cutting of the Mao Yaohua is shown in Figure 1 .

[0054] Table 1 Different cutting results

[0055]

[0056] Note: The cutting survival rate in the table is the statistical value of three months after cutting.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] In the Mao Yaohua test base in Yingshan Township, Zherong County, Ningde City, Fujian Province, Mao Yaohua seedling test was carried out, and the steps were as follows:

[0059] (1) Construction of cutting mother plant base:

[0060] (1-4) Selecting near water source, chestnut forest, canopy density 55%, soil PH value 7.0, fertile and loose forest land, and constructing Mao Yaohua cutting mother plant base;

[0061] (1-5) Cleaning weeds in winter under the forest, full reclamation and soil loosening, turning over 30 cm, breaking soil and raking, applying 1800 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mixing, and re-ploughing once;

[0062] (1-6) Ridge, ridge width 65 cm, height 35 cm, 35 cm drainage ditch around.

[0063] (2) Selection of cutting mother plant: selecting 3-year-old, strong, 3-grade branch more than 8 Mao Yaohua as cutting mother plant.

[0064] (3) Budstock mother plant cultivation:

[0065] (3-1) In April, the budstock mother plants are planted in the budstock mother plant base with a row spacing of 45 cm, and 10 mu are constructed;

[0066] (3-2) The canopy density is controlled at 55% during the growth period; watering is performed twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and no watering is performed at other times;

[0067] (3-3) After pruning, 1.5 kg of mixed fertilizer is applied per plant in winter, and the ratio of the mixed fertilizer is as follows: mature manure: wood ash: calcium phosphate = 1:1:0.2 (mass ratio).

[0068] (4) Budstock mother plant pruning: before the fruit grows in September, 5 cm ± 2 cm of 3rd order branches are retained, and all are pruned flat.

[0069] (5) Cutting preparation:

[0070] (5-1) In late June, healthy and disease-free budstock mother plants of Mao Yaohua are selected, and the upper and middle parts of the current year's branches of 4th order branches or more than 4th order branches and semi-lignified branches are cut as cuttings;

[0071] (5-2) Cutting pruning:

[0072] Method a. Cut into a bud strip with 2 nodes and a length of 10 cm or less; retain 2 leaf blades on the upper end of the bud strip, retain 1 / 3 of each leaf, and cut flat 1 cm above the upper end of the bud strip from the 1st node; do not retain leaf blades on the lower end of the bud strip, and cut at 45° from 1 cm below the 2nd node to obtain the cutting.

[0073] Method b. Select a node cutting.

[0074] Method c. Select a 2-node cutting, but all leaves are cut off.

[0075] Method d. Select a 2-node cutting, but all leaves on the first node are retained.

[0076] (6) Seedbed preparation for cutting:

[0077] (6-1) Select a mountain slope forest edge or valley with an altitude of 1000 meters, near water sources, good ventilation, fertile, and loose;

[0078] (6-2) Select conventional shading greenhouse facilities, with a shed height of 2 meters, and use a 70% shading net for shading; an irrigation system is provided in the shade shed, and a mist spray head is selected for irrigation;

[0079] (6-3) Put the prepared mixed substrate into the seedling container tray, with a hole diameter of 6 cm and a height of 10 cm, and reserve it.

[0080] (7) Cutting and post-cutting management:

[0081] (7-1) Random cutting; before cutting, the cutting is soaked in 280 times diluted carbendazim for 12 minutes for disinfection;

[0082] (7-2) The bottom half of the cutting is soaked in rooting agent for 8 seconds; the rooting agent is prepared by mixing indole acetic acid, α-naphthalene acetic acid, indole butyric acid and sodium nitrophenol according to a mass ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.8 to form a solution with a concentration of 250 mg·L -1

[0083] (7-3) The substrate is sprayed wet before cutting, and the water content of the substrate is maintained at 55%;

[0084] (7-4) The cutting depth is about 4 cm; the bottom bud is inserted into the soil and pressed tightly, and the bottom bud point part is inserted into the soil to facilitate rapid rooting; and the upper bud is outside the substrate;

[0085] (7-5) After cutting, the humidity is controlled by a spraying system, and the substrate humidity is maintained at 30%, and the cutting number is 300,000;

[0086] (7-6) The shading degree is 70% from May to September, and the shading net is removed from October to start hardening-off;

[0087] (7-7) In November, the new buds of the cutting seedlings are unfolded, and the cutting seedlings are transplanted.

[0088] The rooting effects of cuttings prepared by different pruning methods are shown in Figure 2 The survival rate of cuttings without leaves is low, and the survival rate of cuttings with 1 / 3 leaves is high. The cutting results of cuttings prepared by different pruning methods are shown in Table 2, and the survival rate of cuttings prepared by method a is the highest.

[0089] Table 2 Cutting results of cuttings prepared by different pruning methods

[0090]

[0091] Note: The cutting survival rate in the table is the statistical value three months after cutting.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] In the Mao Yaohua test base in Yingshan Township, Zherong County, Ningde City, Fujian Province, Mao Yaohua seedling test is carried out, and the steps are as follows:

[0094] (1) Construction of cutting mother plant base:

[0095] (1-7) Selecting near water source, under chestnut forest, canopy density 48%, soil PH value 5.0, fertile and loose forest land, constructing Mao Yaohua cutting mother plant base;

[0096] ​(1-8) In winter, clear the weeds under the forest, fully cultivate and till the soil to 25 cm, and rake the soil flat. Apply 1500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well, and till twice more;

[0097] (1-9) Build ridges, with a width of 60 cm and a height of 40 cm, and dig 25 cm drainage ditches around.

[0098] (2) Selection of mother plant for bud collection: Select 2-year-old, healthy, and 3rd order branches with more than 8 branches of M. officinalis as mother plants for bud collection.

[0099] (3) Cultivation of mother plants for bud collection:

[0100] (3-1) In April, plant the mother plants for bud collection in the mother plant base with a row spacing of 50 cm, and construct 10 mu;

[0101] (3-2) Control the canopy density to 45% during the growth period; water twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and do not water at other times;

[0102] (3-3) After pruning in winter, apply 1.0 kg of mixed fertilizer per plant, with the ratio of mature manure: wood ash: calcium phosphate = 1:1:0.2 (mass ratio).

[0103] (4) Pruning of mother plants for bud collection: Before fruit growth in September, retain 5 cm ± 2 cm of the 3rd order branches and cut them flat.

[0104] (5) Preparation of cuttings:

[0105] (5-1) In late June, select healthy and disease-free M. officinalis mother plants for bud collection, and cut the upper and middle parts of the current year's branches with 4th order branches or above and semi-lignified branches as cuttings;

[0106] (5-2) Pruning of cuttings: cut into cuttings with 2 nodes and a length of 10 cm or less; retain 1 / 3 of each leaf on the upper end of the cutting, and cut flat 1.2 cm above the first node; do not retain leaves on the lower end of the cutting, and cut at a 45° angle 1.2 cm below the second node to prepare the cuttings.

[0107] (6) Preparation of seedbed for cuttings:

[0108] (6-1) Select a mountain slope or valley with an altitude of 500 meters, near water sources, good ventilation, fertile, and loose soil;

[0109] (6-2) Select conventional shading greenhouse facilities, with a height of 2 meters, and use a 65% shading net for shading; equip the shade house with a sprinkler system, and choose a mist sprayer for sprinkling;

[0110] (6-3) The prepared mixed substrate is loaded into the seedling container tray with a hole diameter of 4 cm and a height of 6 cm for standby.

[0111] (7) Cutting and post-cutting management:

[0112] (7-1) Cutting immediately after harvesting; before cutting, the cuttings are soaked in a 300-fold diluted carbendazim for 8 minutes for disinfection;

[0113] (7-2) The bottom half of the cuttings is soaked in different root stimulants for 10 seconds:

[0114] A. The cuttings are not soaked in root stimulants, serving as a control;

[0115] B. The cuttings are soaked in commercially available rooting powder (purchased from Shandong Jingpu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.);

[0116] C. The cuttings are soaked in self-made root stimulant, which is prepared by mixing indole acetic acid, alpha-naphthalene acetic acid, indole butyric acid, and sodium complex nitrophenol in a mass ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.5 to prepare a solution with a concentration of 200 mg·L -1 .

[0117] (7-3) The substrate is sprayed before cutting to maintain a water content of 50%;

[0118] (7-4) The cutting depth is about 3 cm; the bottom bud is inserted into the soil and pressed tightly, and the bottom bud point part is inserted into the soil to facilitate rapid rooting; while the upper bud is outside the substrate;

[0119] (7-5) After cutting, the humidity is controlled through the spraying system, and the substrate humidity is maintained at 32%, with a cutting number of 300,000;

[0120] (7-6) The shading degree is 65% from May to September, and the shading net is removed from October to harden off;

[0121] (7-7) In November, the new shoots of the cutting seedlings are unfolded, and the cutting seedlings are transplanted.

[0122] The cutting results of cuttings soaked in different root stimulants are shown in Table 3. The cutting survival rate of cuttings soaked in self-made root stimulant is the highest.

[0123] Table 3 Cutting results of cuttings soaked in different root stimulants

[0124]

[0125] Note: The cutting survival rate in the table is the statistical value three months after cutting.

[0126] Example 4

[0127] The series of tests and production of cutting of tender branches of Mallotus repandus were carried out in Putian base of Fujian Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0128] Mallotus repandus was selected for construction of a greenhouse cutting garden and propagation by cutting of tender branches. The selection, cultivation and pruning of mother plants for cutting of Mallotus repandus were the same as in Example 1. The cutting time was selected in late May, and the cutting propagation was carried out in a greenhouse. The specific steps are as follows:

[0129] (1) Preparation of cuttings:

[0130] (1-1) In late May, the mother plants for cutting of Mallotus repandus that were healthy and free of diseases and pests were selected, and the upper and middle parts of the current-year semi-lignified branches of the 4th order or above were cut as cuttings;

[0131] (1-2) The cuttings were pruned to have 2 nodes and a length of 10 cm or less;

[0132] (1-3) 2 leaves were reserved on the upper end of the cutting, each leaf was reserved for 1 / 3, and the upper end of the cutting was cut horizontally at 1 cm above the first node; no leaves were reserved on the lower end of the cutting, and the lower end was cut at 45° at 1 cm below the second node to prepare the cuttings.

[0133] (2) Preparation of the cutting bed:

[0134] (2-1) The cutting facilities were selected as conventional shading greenhouse facilities, the greenhouse was about 2 meters high, and the net with a shading degree of 60-70% was used for shading; a sprinkling irrigation system was provided in the shading greenhouse, and a mist nozzle was selected for sprinkling irrigation;

[0135] (2-2) The mixed substrate was prepared according to the formula of 10% vermiculite, 35% coconut dregs, 25% fire-burned soil and 30% yellow soil by mass percentage; the prepared mixed substrate was loaded into the seedling container tray, the hole diameter was 5 cm and the height was 8 cm, and was ready for use.

[0136] (3) Cutting and post-cutting management:

[0137] (3-1) The cuttings were cut immediately after the mother plants were selected; before cutting, the cuttings were soaked in a 300-fold diluted carbendazim for 10 minutes for disinfection;

[0138] (3-2) The bottom half of the cutting was soaked in a rooting agent for 10 seconds;

[0139] (3-3) The substrate was sprayed wet before cutting, and the water content of the substrate was maintained at 50-60%;

[0140] (3-4) The cutting depth was 4 cm; the bottom node of the bud was inserted into the soil and pressed tightly, and the bottom node of the bud was inserted into the soil to facilitate rapid rooting; the upper node of the bud was outside the substrate, and the number of cuttings was 1000;

[0141] (4-5) After cutting, the humidity is controlled by the spraying system, and the substrate humidity is kept at 30%;

[0142] (4-6) The shading degree is 60-70% from May to September, and the shading net is removed in October to harden the seedlings;

[0143] (4-7) In November, the cuttings can be transplanted after the new shoots of the cuttings grow and expand leaves.

[0144] The cutting survival rate of the Mao medicine flower using the method can reach 89.5% (statistical value three months after cutting).

[0145] In summary, 2-3 year old, strong, 3 grade branches more than 8 Mao medicine flowers are selected as mother plants, and the upper part of the semi-lignified branches of the current year, 4 grade branches or more are used as cuttings, which are cut into 2 sections, the first section of the upper end retains 2 leaves, each leaf retains 1 / 3, and the lower end of the cutting does not retain leaves. The cuttings are treated with self-made rooting agent, the cutting survival rate is high, and the highest can reach 89.5%.

[0146] It should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in this paper, the patent protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative idea of the present application, changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structures or equivalent process transformations made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, directly or indirectly apply the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for improving the survival rate of *Hymenochloa crus-galli* cuttings, characterized in that, The specific steps of the seedling cultivation method are as follows: Construction of the mother plantation for scion collection: Select a fertile and loose forest land near a water source, with a canopy density of 45-55% and a soil pH of 5.0-7.0, to construct the mother plantation for scion collection of *Hymenopterys pubescens*. In winter, clear weeds from the forest floor, fully cultivate and loosen the soil, turn the soil to a depth of 25-30 cm, break up the soil and rake it level. Apply 1500-2000 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer per acre as base fertilizer, mix it evenly, and then plow it 1-2 more times. Make beds with a width of 60-70 cm and a height of 30-40 cm, and dig drainage ditches of 25-35 cm around the beds. Selection of mother plants for scion collection: Select 2-3 year old, robust hairy anthers with more than 8 third-order branches as mother plants for scion collection; Cultivation of scion mother plants: In March and April, plant the scion mother plants in the scion mother plant base with a row spacing of 40-50 cm; during the growing season, control the canopy closure to 45-55%; water twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and do not water at other times; after pruning in winter, apply 1-1.5 catties of mixed fertilizer to each plant in conjunction with mounding soil; control the excessive growth of the scion mother plants and promote the sprouting of more and stronger fourth-order branches; Pruning of mother plants for scion production: Before fruit growth in September, retain 5 cm ± 2 cm of third-order branches and cut them all flat; Cutting preparation: From late May to late June of the following year, select healthy and disease-free mother plants of *Hymenochloa crus-galli*, and take the tender shoots from the middle and upper parts of the current year's growth, with at least four levels of branching and semi-lignified branches as cuttings. The cutting method is to cut the cuttings into sections with two nodes and a length of no more than 10 cm. The upper node of the cutting retains two leaves, each leaf retaining 1 / 3 of its length, and the upper end of the cutting is cut horizontally 0.8-1.2 cm above the first node. The lower node of the cutting does not retain any leaves and is cut at a 45° angle 0.8-1.2 cm below the second node. Preparation of seedbeds for cuttings: Select a mountain slope or valley with an altitude of 500-1000 meters, near a water source, with good ventilation, fertile soil, and loose soil; choose a conventional shade greenhouse with a height of about 2 meters, and use a net with a 60-70% shading degree for shading; equip the shade greenhouse with a sprinkler system, and choose a mist nozzle for sprinkler irrigation; fill the seedling substrate into the seedling containers, with holes 4-6 cm in diameter and 6-10 cm in height, and set aside; Cuttings and post-cutting management: Cuttings should be taken and planted immediately; before planting, disinfect the cuttings by soaking them in a 250-300 times diluted carbendazim solution for 8-12 minutes; then soak the bottom half of the cuttings in a rooting agent for 8-12 seconds; before planting, spray the seedling substrate to maintain a moisture content of 50-60%; the planting depth should be 3-5 cm; the bottom bud should be inserted into the soil and pressed firmly, while the top bud should be outside the substrate; after planting, control irrigation through a sprinkler system. Humidity: Maintain the moisture content of the seedling substrate at 30-35%; provide 65-75% shade from May to September; remove the shade netting in October to harden off the seedlings; transplant the cuttings after new shoots and leaves have emerged in November and December; the root-promoting agent is prepared by mixing indoleacetic acid: α-naphthaleneacetic acid: indolebutyric acid: sodium nitrophenolate in a mass ratio of 2:1:0.5:(0.3-0.8) to a concentration of 200-250 mg·L⁻¹. -1 The solution.

2. The method for improving the survival rate of *Antheridae* cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixed fertilizer is prepared by mixing mature manure, wood ash and calcium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1:(0.05-0.2).

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