High-yield cultivation method of corn with film covering and dense planting in cool areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method for corn in cold and cool areas by mulching with dense planting, which relates to the technical field of corn cultivation and is intended to solve the problem of poor quality and yield effects of corn cultivation in cold and cool areas. The present invention adopts degradable mulch for covering, which reduces the pollution of plastic mulch to the environment, meets the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development, and reduces unnecessary waste and environmental pollution by scientifically and rationally selecting and using chemical agents and chemical control agents. At the same time, the selection of chemical control agents according to the growth stage of corn and the need to prevent lodging also reflects the accuracy and efficiency of resource utilization. The fertilizer selects high-nitrogen blended fertilizer, which usually has a higher nutrient utilization rate, reduces the loss and waste of nutrients, and reduces the negative impact on the environment. The fertilizer is selected according to the soil fertility and corn growth requirements to ensure that the nutrients in the fertilizer can be supplemented according to the growth needs of corn, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of corn cultivation, in particular to a high-yield cultivation method of corn in cold and cool areas by film covering and dense planting. Background Art

[0002] Corn cultivation refers to the planting and management of corn through a series of agricultural technical measures to achieve high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency production goals.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN117256424A discloses a cold-region double-harvest fresh corn cultivation method. The method mainly utilizes light and heat resources rationally, adopts the "preemptive and delayed" measure on limited black soil, and cleverly arranges crop rotation. This allows the traditional cultivation in the cold north, which can only harvest one crop a year, to be transformed into a two-crop harvest a year, achieving the goal of increasing production, income and efficiency. The "preemptive and delayed" cultivation technology is adopted, and through seed coating, mulching, staggered intercropping, formula fertilization, chemical control to promote growth, drip fertilization, green prevention and control, and lossless harvesting, the land multiple cropping index is improved to fully utilize natural resources. Although the above patent solves the problem of corn cultivation, the following problems still exist in actual operation:

[0004] 1. Targeted mulching materials and fertilizers were not identified based on the actual conditions of the corn-growing area, resulting in poor corn yields.

[0005] 2. Failure to implement effective chemical control to prevent lodging and pests and diseases according to the growth conditions of corn, resulting in reduced corn quality.

[0006] 3. After the mature corn was harvested, the straw was not effectively processed, and the corn cultivation process was not effectively analyzed, resulting in the inability to optimize and improve the cultivation process. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-yield cultivation method for corn mulching and dense planting in cold and cool areas, which adopts degradable mulch film for covering, reduces the pollution of plastic mulch to the environment, meets the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development, and reduces unnecessary waste and environmental pollution by scientifically and rationally selecting and using chemical agents and chemical control agents. At the same time, the selection of chemical control agents according to the growth stage of corn and the need to prevent falling over also reflects the accuracy and efficiency of resource utilization. Fertilizers select high-nitrogen blended fertilizers, which usually have higher nutrient utilization rates, reduce the loss and waste of nutrients, and reduce the negative impact on the environment. Fertilizers are selected according to soil fertility and corn growth requirements to ensure that the nutrients in the fertilizer can be supplemented according to the growth needs of corn, thereby improving the utilization of fertilizers and solving the problems in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The high-yield cultivation method of corn in cold and cool areas by film covering and dense planting comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1: Regional feature confirmation: read the climate data, soil data and environmental data of the corn planting area in the database, and perform feature recognition on the read data to obtain the target planting area data after feature recognition;

[0011] S2: Regional material selection: Confirm the mulching materials and fertilizers according to the target planting area data, and obtain the target planting material data after confirmation;

[0012] S3: Land preparation and corn sowing: Before corn is planted in the planting area, the planting area is first prepared. After the land preparation is completed, film mulching and sowing are carried out. After the film mulching and sowing are completed, the target corn sowing area is obtained;

[0013] S4: Field management: The target corn planting area is treated with chemical control to prevent lodging and pests and diseases. After the treatment is completed, the corn area to be harvested is obtained;

[0014] S5: Mechanical harvesting and returning to the field: Monitor the moisture content of corn in the area to be harvested, harvest the corn based on the monitoring results, and return the corn straw to the field after harvesting.

[0015] S6: Cultivation result analysis: The growth process and harvest results of corn are analyzed through cultivation data, and cultivation evaluation is performed based on the results of the cultivation data analysis.

[0016] Preferably, in S1, the climate data, soil data, and environmental data of the corn-growing area in the database are read, and feature recognition is performed on the read data, including:

[0017] The characteristic data in climate data include effective accumulated temperature, sunshine hours, precipitation and extreme weather;

[0018] Among them, effective accumulated temperature is the total accumulated temperature in a year, sunshine hours is the number of sunshine hours in a year, precipitation is the precipitation in a year, and extreme weather is the analysis of the frequency and intensity of high temperature, low temperature, drought and flood weather;

[0019] The characteristic data in soil data include soil type, soil fertility, soil pH value and soil structure;

[0020] Among them, soil type is to identify the type of soil, including black soil, loam and sandy soil; soil fertility is to determine the nutrient content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil; soil pH value is to determine the acidity and alkalinity of the soil; soil structure is to analyze the texture and structure of the soil;

[0021] The characteristic data in environmental data include altitude, slope, water source conditions and vegetation coverage;

[0022] The target planting area data is obtained after feature recognition of climate data, soil data and environmental data.

[0023] Preferably, confirming the mulching material and fertilizer according to the target planting area data in S2 includes:

[0024] The mulch film is selected based on the soil type and climate data in the target planting area, and the mulch film is a degradable mulch film;

[0025] Confirming the thickness of the mulch film based on climate data and corn growth requirements, wherein the corn growth requirements are extracted from the rule database;

[0026] Confirm the width of the mulch film according to the row spacing and plant spacing of corn in the corn growth requirements;

[0027] Fertilizers are selected based on soil fertility and corn growth requirements, and high-nitrogen blended fertilizers are used;

[0028] Determine fertilizer application rates based on soil fertility and corn yield targets;

[0029] After the mulch film and fertilizer are confirmed, the target planting material data is obtained.

[0030] Preferably, before planting corn in the planting area in S3, the planting area is first prepared, and after the preparation is completed, film covering and sowing are performed, including:

[0031] Before preparing the land for corn planting, confirm the land preparation equipment and depth according to soil type, soil structure and moisture;

[0032] Use land preparation equipment to till, break up and loosen the soil, and remove weeds and crop residues on the surface;

[0033] After the land preparation is completed, the soil surface is leveled. After the leveling is completed, an on-site inspection is carried out to check the effect of the land preparation and whether the texture and structure of the soil after land preparation meet the requirements for corn growth;

[0034] If it does not meet the requirements for corn growth, re-till the land; if it meets the requirements for corn growth, cover the land with film and sow the seeds.

[0035] Preferably, before planting corn in the planting area in S3, the planting area is first prepared, and after the preparation is completed, film covering and sowing are performed, and the method further includes:

[0036] Prepare the degradable mulch film according to the mulch film width and thickness in the target planting material data;

[0037] Lay the degradable mulch film on the soil after land preparation and make sure that the degradable mulch film has no distortion or wrinkles;

[0038] Adjust the sowing row spacing and plant spacing of the multifunctional film-mulching seeder, and synchronize the operations of fertilizer application, herbicide spraying, film mulching and sowing in the multifunctional film-mulching seeder;

[0039] After the synchronous adjustment is completed, the multifunctional film-covering seeder is started, and the multifunctional film-covering seeder performs film-covering and sowing according to the preset row spacing and plant spacing;

[0040] After film covering and sowing is completed, the target corn sowing area is obtained.

[0041] Preferably, the target corn sowing area is subjected to chemical control and pest and disease control in S4, including:

[0042] Regularly monitor the growth status of corn planted in the target corn planting area, including plant height, leaf color, and stalk strength;

[0043] According to the growth stage of corn and the need for lodging prevention, the chemical control agent is selected. The chemical control agent is diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon. When the corn is in the 6-12 leaf stage, diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon are sprayed on the corn.

[0044] The spraying time of diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon is in the morning or afternoon, and the weather for spraying diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon is sunny;

[0045] After the chemical control and lodging prevention treatment is completed, pest and disease control treatment is carried out, which includes chemical weeding, prevention and control of corn leaf spot and corn borer;

[0046] Chemical weed control is divided into pre-emergence weeding and post-emergence weeding. Pre-emergence weeding is carried out by spraying acetochlor + atrazine + 2 and 4D butyl ester in the soil during the multi-functional mulching seeder operation; post-emergence weeding is carried out by spraying nicosulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine in the early stage of corn 5 leaves and weeds 3 to 4 leaves.

[0047] To prevent and control corn leaf spot, spray pyraclostrobin or difenoconazole during the corn's belling stage and the early stage of the disease, and spray again 7 to 10 days after spraying. The early stage of the disease is when the leaf spots reach 10%;

[0048] Corn borer control includes biological control and chemical control. Biological control involves placing Beauveria bassiana granules on corn cobs for biological control. Chemical control involves spraying 40% chlorfenapyr water-dispersible granules or 20% chlorfenapyr suspension concentrate.

[0049] After chemical control and pest and disease control are completed, the area for corn to be harvested is obtained.

[0050] Preferably, the periodic growth detection cycle of corn is dynamically adjusted, including:

[0051] Extract plant height and leaf density obtained from current regular monitoring;

[0052] Obtain plant variation coefficient based on the current regular monitoring of corresponding plant height and leaf density;

[0053] The plant variation coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0054] ;

[0055] Among them, V represents the plant variation coefficient; H and M represent the plant height and leaf density obtained by regular monitoring; H f Indicates the growth rate ratio between the plant height obtained from the current regular monitoring and the plant height obtained from the last regular monitoring; M f Indicates the growth rate ratio between the plant density obtained from the current regular monitoring and the plant density obtained from the last regular monitoring;

[0056] comparing the plant variation coefficient with a preset variation coefficient threshold;

[0057] When the plant variation coefficient is lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, there is no need to adjust the periodic growth detection cycle;

[0058] When the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, the periodic growth detection cycle is adjusted.

[0059] Preferably, when the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, the periodic growth detection cycle is adjusted, including:

[0060] When the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, extracting the period length corresponding to the regular monitoring;

[0061] Adjusting the cycle length using the plant variation coefficient to obtain an adjusted cycle length;

[0062] The adjusted cycle length is obtained by the following formula:

[0063] ;

[0064] Where R represents the adjusted cycle length; R0 represents the cycle length before adjustment; V represents the plant variation coefficient; V0 represents the preset variation coefficient threshold;

[0065] Regular growth status monitoring is performed according to the adjusted cycle length.

[0066] Preferably, monitoring the moisture content of corn in the area to be harvested in S5 and harvesting the corn according to the monitoring result includes:

[0067] Use a grain moisture meter to sample corn kernels in the area where corn is to be harvested, and measure the moisture content after sampling;

[0068] The moisture content is measured from the end of the milky stage to the beginning of the waxy stage of corn, and the measurement frequency is once a week depending on the weather conditions.

[0069] When the moisture content of corn seeds is between 20% and 25%, it is the standard time for corn harvest;

[0070] Use a corn combine harvester for mechanical harvesting, and monitor the stubble height and threshing speed in real time during the harvesting process;

[0071] After harvesting, the corn is stored and the harvested straw is crushed using a straw crusher and evenly spread in the field.

[0072] At the same time, the length of the crushed straw was monitored and found to be less than 10 cm.

[0073] Preferably, the cultivation data analysis is performed on the growth process and harvest results of the corn in S6, and the cultivation evaluation is performed based on the results of the cultivation data analysis, including:

[0074] Collect and organize the generation process data and collection result data obtained in steps S1-S5;

[0075] Growth process data includes climate data, soil data, planting material data, field management data, and growth status monitoring data; harvest result data includes moisture content data, yield data, quality data, and straw return data;

[0076] Analyze the collected and organized data using methods including statistical analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and variance analysis;

[0077] Conduct a comprehensive evaluation based on the data analysis results, including production level assessment, effectiveness assessment, and cost-effectiveness assessment;

[0078] The comprehensive assessment data is converted into visual data. After the visual data conversion is completed, the graphic data of the comprehensive assessment data is obtained. The staff reviews the graphic data and suggests improvements.

[0079] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0080] 1. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cold regions with film covering and dense planting provided by the present invention selects high-nitrogen blended fertilizer as fertilizer, which generally has a higher nutrient utilization rate, reduces nutrient loss and waste, and reduces negative impacts on the environment. Fertilizer is selected according to soil fertility and corn growth requirements to ensure that the nutrients in the fertilizer can be supplemented according to the growth needs of corn, thereby improving fertilizer utilization.

[0081] 2. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool and cool regions, provided by the present invention, employs degradable mulch for mulching, reducing environmental pollution from plastic mulch, meeting the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development. Through the scientific and rational selection and use of chemicals and chemical control agents, unnecessary waste and environmental pollution can be reduced. Furthermore, the selection of chemical control agents based on the corn's growth stage and lodging prevention requirements also demonstrates the precision and efficiency of resource utilization.

[0082] 3. The high-yield cultivation method of corn in cold areas with film covering and dense planting provided by the present invention can ensure the yield and quality of corn by harvesting when the moisture content of corn seeds is between 20% and 25%. Reasonable harvesting time can prevent corn from falling off and deteriorating due to over-maturity, or low yield and poor quality due to immaturity. Through scientific analysis and evaluation of cultivation data, it is helpful to discover problems and bottlenecks in the cultivation process, so as to take corresponding improvement measures and improve resource utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0083] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the steps of high-yield cultivation of corn with film covering and dense planting according to the present invention;

[0084] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the corn film-covered dense planting high-yield cultivation process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology does not confirm the film covering materials and fertilizers according to the actual conditions of the corn planting area, thus resulting in poor corn yield, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0087] The high-yield cultivation method of corn in cold and cool areas by film covering and dense planting comprises the following steps:

[0088] S1: Regional feature confirmation: read the climate data, soil data and environmental data of the corn planting area in the database, and perform feature recognition on the read data to obtain the target planting area data after feature recognition;

[0089] Among them, the target planting area data obtained through feature recognition can provide farmers and agricultural experts with a scientific basis for planting decisions;

[0090] S2: Regional material selection: Confirm the mulching materials and fertilizers according to the target planting area data, and obtain the target planting material data after confirmation;

[0091] Among them, the amount of fertilizer is determined by comprehensively considering soil fertility and corn yield targets, thus avoiding the problem of over-fertilization or under-fertilization;

[0092] S3: Land preparation and corn sowing: Before corn is planted in the planting area, the planting area is first prepared. After the land preparation is completed, film mulching and sowing are carried out. After the film mulching and sowing are completed, the target corn sowing area is obtained;

[0093] Among them, film mulching technology can also effectively prevent the growth of weeds and the invasion of pests and diseases, further ensuring the healthy growth and stable yield of corn;

[0094] S4: Field management: The target corn planting area is treated with chemical control to prevent lodging and pests and diseases. After the treatment is completed, the corn area to be harvested is obtained;

[0095] Among them, regular monitoring of corn growth status helps to promptly detect and address problems in the corn growth process;

[0096] S5: Mechanical harvesting and returning to the field: Monitor the moisture content of corn in the area to be harvested, harvest the corn based on the monitoring results, and return the corn straw to the field after harvesting.

[0097] Among them, the harvested straw is crushed using a straw crusher and evenly spread on the field, which helps increase the organic matter content of the soil and improve the soil structure;

[0098] S6: Cultivation result analysis: Analyze the growth process and harvest results of corn through cultivation data analysis, and conduct cultivation evaluation based on the results of the cultivation data analysis;

[0099] Among them, through data collection, analysis, evaluation and visualization, intelligent support is provided for corn cultivation decision-making, which helps to achieve precision agriculture and intelligent management.

[0100] In S1, the climate data, soil data, and environmental data of the corn-growing area in the database are read and feature recognition is performed on the read data, including:

[0101] The characteristic data in climate data include effective accumulated temperature, sunshine hours, precipitation and extreme weather;

[0102] Among them, effective accumulated temperature is the total accumulated temperature in a year, sunshine hours is the number of sunshine hours in a year, precipitation is the precipitation in a year, and extreme weather is the analysis of the frequency and intensity of high temperature, low temperature, drought and flood weather;

[0103] The characteristic data in soil data include soil type, soil fertility, soil pH value and soil structure;

[0104] Among them, soil type is to identify the type of soil, including black soil, loam and sandy soil; soil fertility is to determine the nutrient content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil; soil pH value is to determine the acidity and alkalinity of the soil; soil structure is to analyze the texture and structure of the soil;

[0105] The characteristic data in environmental data include altitude, slope, water source conditions and vegetation coverage;

[0106] The target planting area data is obtained after feature recognition of climate data, soil data and environmental data.

[0107] Specifically, by defining and extracting detailed characteristic data (such as effective accumulated temperature, sunshine hours, precipitation, soil type, and soil fertility), data accuracy and relevance are improved. Clearly defining and extracting climate data features such as effective accumulated temperature, sunshine hours, precipitation, and extreme weather events helps to more precisely understand the impact of climatic conditions on corn growth. Feature identification of soil data, such as soil type, fertility, pH, and structure, enables a more accurate assessment of soil quality and its suitability for corn growth. Identifying environmental data features such as altitude, slope, water availability, and vegetation cover helps assess the overall environmental conditions of a planting area. Targeted planting area data derived from feature identification can provide farmers and agricultural experts with a sound basis for planting decisions. By rationally selecting and utilizing planting areas, we can protect land resources, maintain ecological balance, and promote sustainable agricultural development. Data analysis can also be used to optimize planting strategies and minimize adverse environmental impacts.

[0108] Confirm the mulching materials and fertilizers according to the target planting area data in S2, including:

[0109] The mulch film is selected based on the soil type and climate data in the target planting area, and the mulch film is a degradable mulch film;

[0110] Confirming the thickness of the mulch film based on climate data and corn growth requirements, wherein the corn growth requirements are extracted from the rule database;

[0111] Confirm the width of the mulch film according to the row spacing and plant spacing of corn in the corn growth requirements;

[0112] Fertilizers are selected based on soil fertility and corn growth requirements, and high-nitrogen blended fertilizers are used;

[0113] Determine fertilizer application rates based on soil fertility and corn yield targets;

[0114] After the mulch film and fertilizer are confirmed, the target planting material data is obtained.

[0115] Specifically, mulch film is selected based on the soil type and climate data of the target planting area to ensure that it can adapt to specific environmental conditions, thereby improving planting efficiency. By extracting corn growth requirements from a rule database and combining them with climate data, the thickness of the mulch film is determined to meet the specific needs of corn during growth. Determining the mulch film width based on the row and plant spacing of corn helps optimize the planting layout and improve land use efficiency. Selecting biodegradable mulch film reduces the environmental pollution caused by traditional mulch film, which helps protect the ecological environment and soil health. High-nitrogen blended fertilizers are selected as these typically have higher nutrient utilization rates, reduce nutrient loss and waste, and minimize negative environmental impacts. Fertilizers are selected based on soil fertility and corn growth requirements to ensure that the nutrients in the fertilizer are replenished according to corn growth needs, thereby improving fertilizer utilization. By comprehensively considering soil fertility and corn yield targets to determine the amount of fertilizer to be applied, over- or under-fertilization can be avoided, further improving the cost-effectiveness and effectiveness of fertilizers.

[0116] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology does not carry out effective chemical control and pest and disease prevention according to the growth conditions of corn, which leads to the reduction of corn quality, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0117] Before planting corn in S3, the planting area is first prepared. After the preparation is completed, film covering and sowing are carried out, including:

[0118] Before preparing the land for corn planting, confirm the land preparation equipment and depth according to soil type, soil structure and moisture;

[0119] Use land preparation equipment to till, break up and loosen the soil, and remove weeds and crop residues on the surface;

[0120] After the land preparation is completed, the soil surface is leveled. After the leveling is completed, an on-site inspection is carried out to check the effect of the land preparation and whether the texture and structure of the soil after land preparation meet the requirements for corn growth;

[0121] If it does not meet the requirements for corn growth, re-till the land; if it meets the requirements for corn growth, cover the land with film and sow the seeds.

[0122] Prepare the degradable mulch film according to the mulch film width and thickness in the target planting material data;

[0123] Lay the degradable mulch film on the soil after land preparation and make sure that the degradable mulch film has no distortion or wrinkles;

[0124] Adjust the sowing row spacing and plant spacing of the multifunctional film-mulching seeder, and synchronize the operations of fertilizer application, herbicide spraying, film mulching and sowing in the multifunctional film-mulching seeder;

[0125] After the synchronous adjustment is completed, the multifunctional film-covering seeder is started, and the multifunctional film-covering seeder performs film-covering and sowing according to the preset row spacing and plant spacing;

[0126] After film covering and sowing is completed, the target corn sowing area is obtained.

[0127] Specifically, by analyzing soil type, structure, and moisture before land preparation, and selecting appropriate land preparation equipment and depth, more effective tillage, crushing, and loosening can be achieved, thereby improving soil structure, increasing air permeability, and water retention. Removing surface weeds and crop residues reduces sources of pests and diseases in the soil, providing a healthier soil environment for corn growth. Leveling the soil surface helps ensure uniform sowing depth and consistency, thereby improving seed germination and survival rates. On-site inspections ensure that land preparation results meet corn growth requirements, avoiding sowing failures caused by soil texture and structure issues. Using a multi-functional mulching seeder to simultaneously apply fertilizer, spray herbicides, mulch, and sow seeds significantly reduces the complexity and time costs of manual operations. Preset row and plant spacing ensures accurate and consistent sowing, improving sowing efficiency. The use of biodegradable mulch reduces the environmental pollution caused by plastic mulch, meeting environmental and sustainable development requirements. Degradable mulch decomposes naturally in the soil without damaging the soil structure, which is beneficial for corn growth and long-term soil utilization. It also raises ground temperature, indirectly increasing the accumulated heat in the corn growing environment. This increased ground temperature promotes corn seed germination and emergence, accelerates the growth process, and allows corn to grow better in cool environments, thereby improving yield and quality. Mechanized and automated sowing methods reduce labor input and production costs. Mechanized management improves the efficiency of sowing, fertilizing, weeding, and harvesting operations, shortening time, reducing labor costs, and increasing production efficiency. Furthermore, mechanized management ensures operational quality, improves precision, and mitigates the impact of human factors on corn growth, thereby indirectly raising the growing temperature. Mulching sowing technology also raises soil temperature, maintains soil moisture, and reduces irrigation frequency and water usage, further reducing production costs. Mulching also effectively prevents weed growth and pests, further ensuring healthy corn growth and stable yields. Mulching with degradable mulch significantly reduces soil evaporation, thereby increasing soil temperature. This warming effect is particularly important for corn planting in cold areas. It can promote seed germination, emergence and root growth, accelerate the growth and development process of corn, and through land preparation measures such as plowing, crushing and loosening the soil, it can improve soil structure, increase soil porosity, improve soil permeability and water retention capacity, which is beneficial to root growth and nutrient absorption, thereby indirectly increasing the growth temperature of corn.

[0128] Chemical control measures will be implemented for corn planting areas targeted in S4, including:

[0129] Regularly monitor the growth status of corn planted in the target corn planting area, including plant height, leaf color, and stalk strength;

[0130] According to the growth stage of corn and the need for lodging prevention, the chemical control agent is selected. The chemical control agent is diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon. When the corn is in the 6-12 leaf stage, diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon are sprayed on the corn.

[0131] The spraying time of diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon is in the morning or afternoon, and the weather for spraying diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon is sunny;

[0132] After the chemical control and lodging prevention treatment is completed, pest and disease control treatment is carried out, which includes chemical weeding, prevention and control of corn leaf spot and corn borer;

[0133] Chemical weed control is divided into pre-emergence weeding and post-emergence weeding. Pre-emergence weeding is carried out by spraying acetochlor + atrazine + 2 and 4D butyl ester in the soil during the multi-functional mulching seeder operation; post-emergence weeding is carried out by spraying nicosulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine in the early stage of corn 5 leaves and weeds 3 to 4 leaves.

[0134] To prevent and control corn leaf spot, spray pyraclostrobin or difenoconazole during the corn's belling stage and the early stage of the disease, and spray again 7 to 10 days after spraying. The early stage of the disease is when the leaf spots reach 10%;

[0135] Corn borer control includes biological control and chemical control. Biological control involves placing Beauveria bassiana granules on corn cobs for biological control. Chemical control involves spraying 40% chlorfenapyr water-dispersible granules or 20% chlorfenapyr suspension concentrate.

[0136] After chemical control and pest and disease control are completed, the area for corn to be harvested is obtained.

[0137] Specifically, chemical control measures using diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon, particularly when applied during the 6-12 leaf expansion stage, can effectively enhance corn plants' resistance to lodging. This helps maintain stability during corn growth and reduces yield losses caused by lodging. Chemical control agents like diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon regulate corn plant growth, promote root growth, and enhance lodging resistance. A strong root system allows for better absorption of water and nutrients, stabilizes the plant, and prevents it from lodging in adverse weather conditions such as wind and rain, thereby ensuring normal growth and development of corn and indirectly increasing its growing temperature. Detailed measures for chemical weed control, corn leaf spot control, and corn borer control are outlined, including the selection of appropriate agents, spraying times, and methods. This precise control strategy minimizes the impact of pests and diseases and weeds on corn growth, improving corn yield and quality. The scientific and rational selection and use of chemical agents and chemical control agents can reduce unnecessary waste and environmental pollution. At the same time, selecting chemical control agents based on the corn's growth stage and lodging prevention needs also demonstrates precise and efficient resource utilization. Regular monitoring of corn growth, including indicators such as plant height, leaf color, and stalk strength, helps promptly identify and address growth problems. This monitoring and intervention mechanism helps promote healthy corn growth, improve its yield and stress resistance. By integrating chemical lodging prevention with pest, disease, and weed control measures, corn yield and quality can be effectively guaranteed. This not only helps meet market demand for high-quality corn but also increases farmers' economic returns. At the same time, measures such as chemical weed control, corn leaf spot control, and corn borer control can reduce the impact of pests, diseases, and weeds on corn growth, ensuring healthy corn growth. Healthy corn plants can better absorb nutrients and utilize sunlight, improving photosynthetic efficiency, thereby indirectly increasing the utilization rate of accumulated heat and promoting corn growth.

[0138] Specifically, the regular growth detection cycle of corn is dynamically adjusted, including:

[0139] Extract plant height and leaf density obtained from current regular monitoring;

[0140] Obtain plant variation coefficient based on the current regular monitoring of corresponding plant height and leaf density;

[0141] The plant variation coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0142] ;

[0143] Among them, V represents the plant variation coefficient; H and M represent the plant height and leaf density obtained by regular monitoring; H f Indicates the growth rate ratio between the plant height obtained from the current regular monitoring and the plant height obtained from the last regular monitoring; M fIndicates the growth rate ratio between the plant density obtained from the current regular monitoring and the plant density obtained from the last regular monitoring;

[0144] comparing the plant variation coefficient with a preset variation coefficient threshold;

[0145] When the plant variation coefficient is lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, there is no need to adjust the periodic growth detection cycle;

[0146] When the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, the periodic growth detection cycle is adjusted.

[0147] The technical effect of the above-mentioned technical solution is that by extracting the plant height and leaf density from the current regular monitoring and combining it with the data from the previous regular monitoring to calculate the growth rate ratio, the growth rate and status of corn can be accurately reflected. This method can dynamically adjust the monitoring cycle based on the actual growth of corn, avoiding the resource waste and inadequate monitoring problems that may arise from traditional fixed-period monitoring. When corn is growing slowly, reducing the monitoring frequency can save manpower and material resources; when corn is growing rapidly or exhibiting abnormalities, increasing the monitoring frequency can promptly detect and address problems. The plant variation coefficient, as an important indicator for determining corn growth status, can intuitively reflect corn growth trends. By comparing it with a preset variation coefficient threshold, it can quickly determine whether the monitoring cycle needs to be adjusted. This data-driven decision-making approach is more accurate and efficient than traditional empirical judgment, reducing human intervention and errors, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of monitoring. Regular corn growth monitoring can promptly detect problems and abnormalities during growth, such as pests and diseases and nutrient deficiencies. By dynamically adjusting the monitoring cycle, timely and effective intervention and management of corn can be ensured at critical moments. This helps ensure healthy corn growth, improve yield and quality, and thereby increase the economic and social benefits of agricultural production. This technical solution combines modern information technology with agricultural knowledge to achieve intelligent monitoring and management of corn growth. With the continuous development of technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data, this intelligent management approach will become a key trend in future agricultural development. By combining monitoring data with agricultural models, the value of this data can be further explored, providing more accurate and scientific decision-making support for agricultural production.

[0148] In summary, this technical solution achieves accurate monitoring and efficient management of corn growth status by dynamically adjusting the regular growth detection cycle of corn, thereby promoting the healthy growth of corn and the development of agricultural production.

[0149] Specifically, when the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, the periodic growth detection cycle is adjusted, including:

[0150] When the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, extracting the period length corresponding to the regular monitoring;

[0151] Adjusting the cycle length using the plant variation coefficient to obtain an adjusted cycle length;

[0152] The adjusted cycle length is obtained by the following formula:

[0153] ;

[0154] Where R represents the adjusted cycle length; R0 represents the cycle length before adjustment; V represents the plant variation coefficient; V0 represents the preset variation coefficient threshold;

[0155] Regular growth status monitoring is performed according to the adjusted cycle length.

[0156] The technical effect of the above-mentioned technical solution is that it dynamically adjusts the periodic growth monitoring cycle to match the monitoring frequency with the actual growth status of the plant. When the plant variation coefficient exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates that the plant is growing rapidly or experiencing abnormalities. In this case, shortening the monitoring cycle can promptly detect and address growth issues, enhancing the adaptability of the monitoring system. By adjusting the monitoring cycle, unnecessary frequent monitoring or insufficient monitoring can be avoided. When plant growth is stable or slow, maintaining a longer monitoring cycle can save manpower, material resources, and time costs. When plant growth is rapid or experiencing abnormalities, shortening the cycle ensures timely information acquisition and thus rationalizes resource allocation. The adjusted monitoring cycle better meets the actual needs of plant growth and helps improve monitoring accuracy and efficiency. Frequent monitoring may generate a large amount of data, but it may not always reflect the true condition of the plant. An appropriate monitoring frequency can ensure data validity while reducing the data processing burden. This solution embodies the practice of precision agriculture. By accurately measuring and analyzing plant growth data and adjusting monitoring strategies based on this data, more refined agricultural production management can be achieved. This helps optimize planting strategies, increase crop yield and quality, and reduce environmental impact. This solution, based on existing regular monitoring data, allows for periodic adjustments using simple mathematical formulas. This approach is low-cost and easy to implement and apply in agricultural production. Furthermore, with technological advancements and the enrichment of data collection methods, this solution can be further expanded and optimized to accommodate even more complex agricultural production scenarios.

[0157] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that after the mature corn is harvested, the straw is not effectively processed and the corn cultivation process is not effectively analyzed, which leads to the inability to optimize and improve the cultivation process, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0158] The moisture content of corn in the area to be harvested in S5 is monitored, and the corn is harvested according to the monitoring results, including:

[0159] Use a grain moisture meter to sample corn kernels in the area where corn is to be harvested, and measure the moisture content after sampling;

[0160] The moisture content is measured from the end of the milky stage to the beginning of the waxy stage of corn, and the measurement frequency is once a week depending on the weather conditions.

[0161] When the moisture content of corn seeds is between 20% and 25%, it is the standard time for corn harvest;

[0162] Use a corn combine harvester for mechanical harvesting, and monitor the stubble height and threshing speed in real time during the harvesting process;

[0163] After harvesting, the corn is stored and the harvested straw is crushed using a straw crusher and evenly spread in the field.

[0164] At the same time, the length of the crushed straw was monitored and found to be less than 10 cm.

[0165] Specifically, using a grain moisture meter to sample corn kernels and measure their moisture content ensures data accuracy and reliability. Moisture content measurements are taken between the end of the milky stage and the beginning of the waxy stage, a critical stage in corn maturation that accurately reflects corn maturity and moisture content changes. Measurements are taken weekly, depending on weather conditions, ensuring data timeliness while avoiding the additional cost and workload associated with frequent measurements. Corn kernels are harvested when their moisture content is between 20% and 25%. This practice, based on extensive practical experience and scientific research, ensures corn yield and quality. Proper harvesting timing prevents corn from falling or spoiling due to overripeness, or from low yield and poor quality due to underripeness. Mechanical harvesting using a corn combine significantly improves harvesting efficiency and reduces labor costs. Real-time monitoring of stubble height and threshing speed ensures stable and consistent harvesting, avoiding unnecessary damage to the corn. Harvested straw is pulverized using a straw pulverizer and evenly spread across the field, which helps increase soil organic matter content, improve soil structure, and enhance soil fertility. The pulverized straw is less than 10 cm in length, facilitating rapid decomposition and nutrient release while also avoiding the environmental problems associated with straw accumulation. From moisture content monitoring, harvest timing, mechanical harvesting, straw handling, to storage and handling, a complete and efficient process is formed. The close coordination and interconnection of each link ensures a smooth harvesting process and high-quality corn output.

[0166] Cultivation data analysis was conducted on the growth process and harvest results of corn in S6, and cultivation evaluation was conducted based on the results of the cultivation data analysis, including:

[0167] Collect and organize the generation process data and collection result data obtained in steps S1-S5;

[0168] Growth process data includes climate data, soil data, planting material data, field management data, and growth status monitoring data; harvest result data includes moisture content data, yield data, quality data, and straw return data;

[0169] Analyze the collected and organized data using methods including statistical analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and variance analysis;

[0170] Conduct a comprehensive evaluation based on the data analysis results, including production level assessment, effectiveness assessment, and cost-effectiveness assessment;

[0171] The comprehensive assessment data is converted into visual data. After the visual data conversion is completed, the graphic data of the comprehensive assessment data is obtained. The staff reviews the graphic data and suggests improvements.

[0172] Specifically, it covers the comprehensive collection of process data from steps S1 to S5 to harvest result data, including multiple dimensions such as climate, soil, planting materials, field management, growth status monitoring, moisture content, yield, quality and straw return to the field, ensuring the comprehensiveness and systematicness of the data. Through scientific methods such as statistical analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and variance analysis, the collected data are deeply analyzed to reveal the laws and trends behind the data, providing a scientific basis for subsequent evaluation. The comprehensive evaluation includes yield level evaluation, effectiveness evaluation and cost-effectiveness evaluation. These evaluations are based on data analysis results, are objective and accurate, and can fully reflect the cultivation effect. The combined evaluation data is converted into visual data to obtain graphic data. This intuitive form of expression enables staff to understand the evaluation results more easily and make more accurate decisions. After viewing the graphic data, staff can make targeted improvement suggestions based on data analysis and evaluation results, which is of great significance for improving the efficiency and benefits of corn cultivation. Through data collection, analysis, evaluation and visualization, it provides intelligent support for corn cultivation decision-making, helps to realize precision agriculture and intelligent management, and through scientific cultivation data analysis and evaluation, it helps to discover problems and bottlenecks in the cultivation process, so as to take corresponding improvement measures, improve resource utilization efficiency and reduce environmental pollution.

[0173] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0174] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by densely planting under film covering, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Regional feature confirmation: read the climate data, soil data and environmental data of the corn planting area in the database, and perform feature recognition on the read data to obtain the target planting area data after feature recognition; S2: Regional material selection: Confirm the mulching materials and fertilizers according to the target planting area data, and obtain the target planting material data after confirmation; S3: Land preparation and corn sowing: Before corn is planted in the planting area, the planting area is first prepared. After the land preparation is completed, film mulching and sowing are carried out. After the film mulching and sowing are completed, the target corn sowing area is obtained; S4: Field management: The target corn planting area is treated with chemical control to prevent lodging and pests and diseases. After the treatment is completed, the corn area to be harvested is obtained; S5: Mechanical harvesting and returning to the field: Monitor the moisture content of corn in the area to be harvested, harvest the corn based on the monitoring results, and return the corn straw to the field after harvesting. S6: Cultivation result analysis: Analyze the growth process and harvest results of corn through cultivation data analysis, and conduct cultivation evaluation based on the results of the cultivation data analysis; Cultivation data analysis was conducted on the growth process and harvest results of corn in S6, and cultivation evaluation was conducted based on the results of the cultivation data analysis, including: Among them, S6 includes: Collect and organize the generation process data and collection result data obtained in steps S1-S5; Growth process data includes climate data, soil data, planting material data, field management data, and growth status monitoring data; harvest result data includes moisture content data, yield data, quality data, and straw return data; Analyze the collected and organized data using methods including statistical analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and variance analysis; Conduct a comprehensive evaluation based on the data analysis results, including production level assessment, effectiveness assessment, and cost-effectiveness assessment; The comprehensive assessment data is converted into visual data. After the visual data conversion is completed, the graphic data of the comprehensive assessment data is obtained. The staff reviews the graphic data and suggests improvements to dynamically adjust the regular growth detection cycle of corn, including: Extract plant height and leaf density obtained from current regular monitoring; Obtain plant variation coefficient based on the current regular monitoring of corresponding plant height and leaf density; comparing the plant variation coefficient with a preset variation coefficient threshold; When the plant variation coefficient is lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, there is no need to adjust the periodic growth detection cycle; When the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, adjusting the periodic growth detection cycle; When the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, the periodic growth detection cycle is adjusted, including: When the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, extracting the period length corresponding to the regular monitoring; Adjusting the cycle length using the plant variation coefficient to obtain an adjusted cycle length; Regular growth status monitoring is performed according to the adjusted cycle length.

2. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by film covering and dense planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the climate data, soil data, and environmental data of the corn-growing area in the database are read and feature recognition is performed on the read data, including: The characteristic data in climate data include effective accumulated temperature, sunshine hours, precipitation and extreme weather; Among them, effective accumulated temperature is the total accumulated temperature in a year, sunshine hours is the number of sunshine hours in a year, precipitation is the precipitation in a year, and extreme weather is the analysis of the frequency and intensity of high temperature, low temperature, drought and flood weather; The characteristic data in soil data include soil type, soil fertility, soil pH value and soil structure; Among them, soil type is to identify the type of soil, including black soil, loam and sandy soil; soil fertility is to determine the nutrient content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil; soil pH value is to determine the acidity and alkalinity of the soil; soil structure is to analyze the texture and structure of the soil; The characteristic data in environmental data include altitude, slope, water source conditions and vegetation coverage; The target planting area data is obtained after feature recognition of climate data, soil data and environmental data.

3. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by film covering and dense planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: Confirm the mulching materials and fertilizers according to the target planting area data in S2, including: The mulch film is selected based on the soil type and climate data in the target planting area, and the mulch film is a degradable mulch film; Confirming the thickness of the mulch film based on climate data and corn growth requirements, wherein the corn growth requirements are extracted from the rule database; Confirm the width of the mulch film according to the row spacing and plant spacing of corn in the corn growth requirements; Fertilizers are selected based on soil fertility and corn growth requirements, and high-nitrogen blended fertilizers are used; Determine fertilizer application rates based on soil fertility and corn yield targets; After the mulch film and fertilizer are confirmed, the target planting material data is obtained.

4. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by film covering and dense planting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Before planting corn in S3, the planting area is first prepared. After the preparation is completed, film covering and sowing are carried out, including: Before preparing the land for corn planting, confirm the land preparation equipment and depth according to soil type, soil structure and moisture; Use land preparation equipment to till, break up and loosen the soil, and remove weeds and crop residues on the surface; After the land preparation is completed, the soil surface is leveled. After the leveling is completed, an on-site inspection is carried out to check the effect of the land preparation and whether the texture and structure of the soil after land preparation meet the requirements for corn growth; If it does not meet the requirements for corn growth, re-till the land; if it meets the requirements for corn growth, cover the land with film and sow the seeds.

5. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by film covering and dense planting according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Before planting corn in S3, the planting area is first prepared, and then covered with film and sown. This also includes: Prepare the degradable mulch film according to the mulch film width and thickness in the target planting material data; Lay the degradable mulch film on the soil after land preparation and make sure that the degradable mulch film has no distortion or wrinkles; Adjust the sowing row spacing and plant spacing of the multifunctional film-mulching seeder, and synchronize the operations of fertilizer application, herbicide spraying, film mulching and sowing in the multifunctional film-mulching seeder; After the synchronous adjustment is completed, the multifunctional film-covering seeder is started, and the multifunctional film-covering seeder performs film-covering and sowing according to the preset row spacing and plant spacing; After film covering and sowing is completed, the target corn sowing area is obtained.

6. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by film covering and dense planting according to claim 5, characterized in that: Chemical control measures will be implemented for corn planting areas targeted in S4, including: Regularly monitor the growth status of corn planted in the target corn planting area, including plant height, leaf color, and stalk strength; According to the growth stage of corn and the need for lodging prevention, the chemical control agent is selected. The chemical control agent is diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon. When the corn is in the 6-12 leaf stage, diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon are sprayed on the corn. The spraying time of diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon is in the morning or afternoon, and the weather for spraying diethylaminoethyl ester and ethephon is sunny; After the chemical control and lodging prevention treatment is completed, pest and disease control treatment is carried out, which includes chemical weeding, prevention and control of corn leaf spot and corn borer; Chemical weed control is divided into pre-emergence weeding and post-emergence weeding. Pre-emergence weeding is carried out by spraying acetochlor + atrazine + 2 and 4D butyl ester in the soil during the multi-functional mulching seeder operation; post-emergence weeding is carried out by spraying nicosulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine in the early stage of corn 5 leaves and weeds 3 to 4 leaves. To prevent and control corn leaf spot, spray pyraclostrobin or difenoconazole during the corn's belling stage and the early stage of the disease, and spray again 7 to 10 days after spraying. The early stage of the disease is when the leaf spots reach 10%; Corn borer control includes biological control and chemical control. Biological control involves placing Beauveria bassiana granules on corn cobs for biological control. Chemical control involves spraying 40% chlorfenapyr water-dispersible granules or 20% chlorfenapyr suspension concentrate. After chemical control and pest and disease control are completed, the area for corn to be harvested is obtained.

7. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by film covering and dense planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: Dynamic adjustment of the corn growth monitoring cycle also includes: The plant variation coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ； Among them, V represents the plant variation coefficient; H and M represent the plant height and leaf density obtained by regular monitoring; H f Indicates the growth rate ratio between the plant height obtained from the current regular monitoring and the plant height obtained from the last regular monitoring; M f It indicates the growth rate ratio between the plant density obtained from the current regular monitoring and the plant density obtained from the last regular monitoring.

8. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by film covering and dense planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the plant variation coefficient is not lower than a preset variation coefficient threshold, the periodic growth detection cycle is adjusted, further comprising: The adjusted cycle length is obtained by the following formula: ； Among them, R represents the adjusted cycle length; R0 represents the cycle length before adjustment; V represents the plant variation coefficient; V0 represents the preset variation coefficient threshold.

9. The high-yield cultivation method for corn in cool regions by film covering and dense planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moisture content of corn in the area to be harvested in S5 is monitored, and the corn is harvested according to the monitoring results, including: Use a grain moisture meter to sample corn kernels in the area where corn is to be harvested, and measure the moisture content after sampling; The moisture content is measured from the end of the milky stage to the beginning of the waxy stage of corn, and the measurement frequency is once a week depending on the weather conditions. When the moisture content of corn seeds is between 20% and 25%, it is the standard time for corn harvest; Use a corn combine harvester for mechanical harvesting, and monitor the stubble height and threshing speed in real time during the harvesting process; After harvesting, the corn is stored and the harvested straw is crushed using a straw crusher and evenly spread in the field. At the same time, the length of the crushed straw was monitored and found to be less than 10 cm.

Images