Intensified breeding method for nutritional ingredients of rice

Abstract

The invention provides an enhanced breeding method for rice nutritional ingredients. The enhanced breeding method for rice nutritional ingredients comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a high-yield rice blast-susceptible variety A and a rice blast-resistant low-yield variety B as parents, taking the variety A as a female parent, and taking the variety B as a male parent; s2, spraying a proper amount of paclobutrazol to the parent variety growing fast in the young ear differentiation period to adjust the flowering phase, so that the flowering phases of the two parents are synchronous. According to the enhanced breeding method for the nutritional ingredients of the rice, the breeding period can be remarkably shortened, the breeding efficiency can be improved, various excellent characters can be effectively integrated, a new rice variety with high yield, high quality, strong resistance and wide adaptability can be cultivated, and the method has important significance in guaranteeing grain safety and meeting market requirements and is worthy of popularization and application. The method has wide market application prospect and commercial value, and by reasonably applying the organic fertilizer, the requirements of the rice on nutrient substances are met, and the product quality and the acre yield are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rice breeding, and in particular to a method for enhancing the nutritional components of rice. Background Art

[0002] Rice is one of the most widely planted and produced grain crops in my country, and it occupies a pivotal position in grain production and consumption. 65% of the population in my country relies on rice as their staple food. Rice is a cereal crop of the genus Oryza. The fruit it produces is paddy rice, and the rice grains are called brown rice after the husks are removed. Brown rice can be obtained by grinding away the bran layer. Nearly half of the world's population relies on rice as their staple food.

[0003] With the growth of population and the improvement of living standards, higher requirements are placed on the yield and quality of rice. Traditional rice breeding methods have problems such as long breeding cycle, low efficiency, and difficulty in taking into account multiple excellent traits at the same time. In addition, the nutritional content of rice is insufficient and cannot meet the urgent needs of current agricultural production.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for enhancing the nutritional components of rice to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a method for enhancing the nutritional components of rice and solves the problems in the background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for enhancing the nutritional components of rice, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Select variety A with high yield but susceptible to rice blast and variety B with resistance to rice blast but low yield as parents, with variety A as the female parent and variety B as the male parent;

[0008] S2. During the panicle differentiation period, spray an appropriate amount of paclobutrazol on the faster growing parent variety to adjust the flowering period so that the flowering periods of the two parents are synchronized;

[0009] S3, using artificial cutting and emasculation to emasculate the female variety A, hybridize it with the male variety B, and obtain F1 generation seeds after pollination;

[0010] S4, backcrossing the F1 seeds with the male parent variety B once to obtain BC1F1 seeds, self-pollinating the BC1F1 seeds to obtain BC1F2 generation seeds, planting 1000 BC1F2 generation plants, selecting 200 individual plants with moderate plant height, more tillers and stronger resistance to rice blast, harvesting seeds, and obtaining BC1F3 generation seeds;

[0011] S6. Select a suitable rice field, apply organic fertilizer to the rice field, and then plow and harrow the land to evenly distribute the organic fertilizer in the rice field soil. Sow the BC1F3 generation seeds, continuously spray the nutrient solution during the growth cycle, and harvest the rice after maturity.

[0012] Preferably, in S2, the slower growing parent varieties can be sown in advance, and the faster growing parent varieties can be sown normally.

[0013] Preferably, the specific operation of the manual lemma cutting and emasculating method in S3 is to select the female rice ear, carefully cut off the upper 1 / 3 of the lemma with scissors, and then remove the anther with tweezers, avoiding damaging the pistil during the operation, and immediately bagging after emasculation. When the anthers of the male parent crack and scatter pollen, collect pollen, evenly pollinate the pollen on the stigma of the emasculated female parent, then bag the rice, mark it, and indicate the hybrid combination and date.

[0014] Preferably, after sowing, the F1 generation seeds obtained by hybridization in S3 are subjected to removal of false hybrids, and their hybrid vigor is observed to determine whether they are true hybrids through morphological markers.

[0015] Preferably, the organic fertilizer in S6 includes base fertilizer and a first nutrient fertilizer applied at the seedling stage, and the weight percentage of the effective ingredients of the base fertilizer is: N12-15%, P2O510-16%, K2O11-13%, and the weight percentage of the effective ingredients of the first nutrient fertilizer is: N14.5-15.5%, K2O3-7%.

[0016] Preferably, the organic fertilizer in S6 also includes a second nutrient fertilizer applied during the heading period, and the weight percentage of the effective ingredients of the second nutrient fertilizer is: N14.5-15.5%, K2O3-7%, calcium 1-3%, magnesium 3-6%, and zinc 0.2-0.4%.

[0017] Preferably, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 50-60 kg / mu, and the application amount of the first nutrient fertilizer is 7-10 kg / mu.

[0018] Preferably, the application amount of the second nutrient fertilizer is 5-8 kg / mu.

[0019] Preferably, the nutrient solution in S6 is a selenium-rich composite solution, which includes: nano-selenium 500-750 mg / L, SOD 20000-30000 u / L, amino acid content ≥ 100 g / L, and the balance is water.

[0020] Compared with the related art, the rice nutrient enrichment breeding method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The invention provides a method for enhancing the breeding of rice nutrients. The invention can significantly shorten the breeding cycle, improve the breeding efficiency, effectively integrate a variety of excellent traits, and cultivate new rice varieties with high yield, high quality, strong resistance and wide adaptability. The invention is of great significance for ensuring food security and meeting market demand, and has broad market application prospects and commercial value. By reasonably applying organic fertilizers, the demand of rice for nutrients can be met, the product quality can be improved, and the per mu yield can be increased. In addition, by supplying nutrient solution, sufficient trace elements can be provided during the growth of rice, so that the rice is rich in a variety of elements required by the human body, can supplement the needs of the human body, and meet the diverse needs of the market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for enhancing the nutritional components of rice. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 ,in, Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for enhancing the nutritional components of rice.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The method for enhancing the nutritional content of rice comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1. Select variety A with high yield but susceptible to rice blast and variety B with resistance to rice blast but low yield as parents, with variety A as the female parent and variety B as the male parent;

[0029] S2. During the panicle differentiation period, spray an appropriate amount of paclobutrazol on the faster growing parent variety to adjust the flowering period so that the flowering periods of the two parents are synchronized;

[0030] S3, using artificial cutting and emasculation to emasculate the female variety A, hybridize it with the male variety B, and obtain F1 generation seeds after pollination;

[0031] S4, backcrossing the F1 seeds with the male parent variety B once to obtain BC1F1 seeds, self-pollinating the BC1F1 seeds to obtain BC1F2 generation seeds, planting 1000 BC1F2 generation plants, selecting 200 individual plants with moderate plant height, more tillers and stronger resistance to rice blast, harvesting seeds, and obtaining BC1F3 generation seeds;

[0032] S5. Select a suitable paddy field, apply organic fertilizer to the paddy field, and then plow and harrow the land to evenly distribute the organic fertilizer in the paddy field soil. The organic fertilizer includes a base fertilizer and a first nutrient fertilizer applied at the seedling stage. The effective components of the base fertilizer account for the following weight percentages: N12%, P2O510%, K2O11%, and the effective components of the first nutrient fertilizer account for the following weight percentages: N14.5%, K2O3%. The application amount of the base fertilizer is 50kg / mu, the application amount of the first nutrient fertilizer is 7kg / mu, and the organic fertilizer also includes The second nutrient fertilizer is applied during the heading period. The weight percentage of the effective ingredients of the second nutrient fertilizer is: N14.5%, K2O3%, calcium 1%, magnesium 3%, zinc 0.2%. The application amount of the second nutrient fertilizer is 5kg / mu. The BC1F3 generation seeds are sown. During the growth cycle, the nutrient solution is continuously sprayed. The nutrient solution is a selenium-rich composite solution. The selenium-rich composite solution includes: nano-selenium 500mg / L, SOD20000u / L, amino acid content 100g / L, and the balance is water. The rice is harvested after maturity.

[0033] In S2, the slower growing parent varieties can be sown in advance, and the faster growing parent varieties can be sown normally.

[0034] The specific operation of the manual lemma cutting and emasculation method in S3 is to select the female rice ear, carefully cut off the upper 1 / 3 of the lemma with scissors, and then remove the anther with tweezers. The operation process should avoid damaging the pistil. The rice is bagged immediately after emasculation. When the anthers of the male parent crack and scatter pollen, the pollen is collected and evenly pollinated on the stigma of the emasculated female parent, and then the rice is bagged and marked with the hybrid combination and date.

[0035] After sowing, the F1 generation seeds obtained by hybridization in S3 are removed from false hybrids, and their hybrid vigor is observed to determine whether they are true hybrids through morphological markers.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] The method for enhancing the nutritional content of rice comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1. Select variety A with high yield but susceptible to rice blast and variety B with resistance to rice blast but low yield as parents, with variety A as the female parent and variety B as the male parent;

[0039] S2. During the panicle differentiation period, spray an appropriate amount of paclobutrazol on the faster growing parent variety to adjust the flowering period so that the flowering periods of the two parents are synchronized;

[0040] S3, using artificial cutting and emasculation to emasculate the female variety A, hybridize it with the male variety B, and obtain F1 generation seeds after pollination;

[0041] S4, backcrossing the F1 seeds with the male parent variety B once to obtain BC1F1 seeds, self-pollinating the BC1F1 seeds to obtain BC1F2 generation seeds, planting 1000 BC1F2 generation plants, selecting 200 individual plants with moderate plant height, more tillers and stronger resistance to rice blast, harvesting seeds, and obtaining BC1F3 generation seeds;

[0042] S5. Select a suitable paddy field, apply organic fertilizer to the paddy field, and then plow and harrow the land to evenly distribute the organic fertilizer in the paddy field soil. The organic fertilizer includes base fertilizer and a first nutrient fertilizer applied at the seedling stage. The effective components of the base fertilizer account for the following weight percentages: N14%, P2O514%, K2O12%; the effective components of the first nutrient fertilizer account for the following weight percentages: N15%, K2O5%. The application amount of the base fertilizer is 55kg / mu, the application amount of the first nutrient fertilizer is 8.5kg / mu, and the organic fertilizer also includes a base fertilizer applied at the seedling stage. The second nutrient fertilizer is applied at the heading stage. The weight percentage of the effective ingredients of the second nutrient fertilizer is: N15%, K2O5%, calcium 2%, magnesium 4.5%, and zinc 0.3%. The application amount of the second nutrient fertilizer is 6.5 kg / mu. The BC1F3 generation seeds are sown. During the growth cycle, the nutrient solution is continuously sprayed. The nutrient solution is a selenium-rich composite solution. The selenium-rich composite solution includes: nano-selenium 650 mg / L, SOD25000u / L, amino acid content 150 g / L, and the balance is water. The rice is harvested after maturity.

[0043] In S2, the slower growing parent varieties can be sown in advance, and the faster growing parent varieties can be sown normally.

[0044] The specific operation of the manual lemma cutting and emasculation method in S3 is to select the female rice ear, carefully cut off the upper 1 / 3 of the lemma with scissors, and then remove the anther with tweezers. The operation process should avoid damaging the pistil. The rice is bagged immediately after emasculation. When the anthers of the male parent crack and scatter pollen, the pollen is collected and evenly pollinated on the stigma of the emasculated female parent, and then the rice is bagged and marked with the hybrid combination and date.

[0045] After sowing, the F1 generation seeds obtained by hybridization in S3 are removed from false hybrids, and their hybrid vigor is observed to determine whether they are true hybrids through morphological markers.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The method for enhancing the nutritional content of rice comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1. Select variety A with high yield but susceptible to rice blast and variety B with resistance to rice blast but low yield as parents, with variety A as the female parent and variety B as the male parent;

[0049] S2. During the panicle differentiation period, spray an appropriate amount of paclobutrazol on the faster growing parent variety to adjust the flowering period so that the flowering periods of the two parents are synchronized;

[0050] S3, using artificial cutting and emasculation to emasculate the female variety A, hybridize it with the male variety B, and obtain F1 generation seeds after pollination;

[0051] S4, backcrossing the F1 seeds with the male parent variety B once to obtain BC1F1 seeds, self-pollinating the BC1F1 seeds to obtain BC1F2 generation seeds, planting 1000 BC1F2 generation plants, selecting 200 individual plants with moderate plant height, more tillers and stronger resistance to rice blast, harvesting seeds, and obtaining BC1F3 generation seeds;

[0052] S5. Select a suitable paddy field, apply organic fertilizer to the paddy field, and then plow and harrow the land to evenly distribute the organic fertilizer in the paddy field soil. The organic fertilizer includes base fertilizer and a first nutrient fertilizer applied at the seedling stage. The effective components of the base fertilizer account for the following weight percentages: N15%, P2O516%, K2O13%; the effective components of the first nutrient fertilizer account for the following weight percentages: N15.5%, K2O7%; the application amount of the base fertilizer is 60kg / mu, the application amount of the first nutrient fertilizer is 10kg / mu, and the organic fertilizer also includes A second nutrient fertilizer is applied at the heading stage. The weight percentage of the effective ingredients of the second nutrient fertilizer is: N15.5%, K2O7%, calcium 3%, magnesium 6%, and zinc 0.4%. The application amount of the second nutrient fertilizer is 8kg / mu. BC1F3 seeds are sown. During the growth cycle, the nutrient solution is continuously sprayed. The nutrient solution is a selenium-rich composite solution. The selenium-rich composite solution includes: nano-selenium 750mg / L, SOD30000u / L, amino acid content 200g / L, and the balance is water. The rice is harvested after maturity.

[0053] In S2, the slower growing parent varieties can be sown in advance, and the faster growing parent varieties can be sown normally.

[0054] The specific operation of the manual lemma cutting and emasculation method in S3 is to select the female rice ear, carefully cut off the upper 1 / 3 of the lemma with scissors, and then remove the anther with tweezers. The operation process should avoid damaging the pistil. The rice is bagged immediately after emasculation. When the anthers of the male parent crack and scatter pollen, the pollen is collected and evenly pollinated on the stigma of the emasculated female parent, and then the rice is bagged and marked with the hybrid combination and date.

[0055] After sowing, the F1 generation seeds obtained by hybridization in S3 are removed from false hybrids, and their hybrid vigor is observed to determine whether they are true hybrids through morphological markers.

[0056] The working principle of the rice nutrient enhancement breeding method provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0057] The high-yield variety A but susceptible to rice blast and the blast-resistant variety B but with low yield were selected as parents, with variety A as the female parent and variety B as the male parent. During the panicle differentiation period, the faster-growing parent variety was sprayed with an appropriate amount of paclobutrazol to adjust the flowering period so that the flowering periods of the two parents were synchronized. The female variety A was emasculated by artificial pruning and emasculation, and hybridized with the male variety B to obtain F1 generation seeds after pollination. The F1 seeds were backcrossed with the male variety B once to obtain BC1F1 seeds, and BC1F1 The seeds are self-pollinated to obtain BC1F2 generation seeds, 1000 BC1F2 generation plants are planted, 200 individual plants with moderate plant height, more tillers and stronger resistance to rice blast are selected, the seeds are harvested to obtain BC1F3 generation seeds; suitable rice fields are selected, organic fertilizers are applied to the rice fields, and then the soil is turned over and harrowed to evenly distribute the organic fertilizers in the paddy field soil, the BC1F3 generation seeds are sown, nutrient solution is continuously sprayed during the growth cycle, and the rice is harvested after maturity.

[0058] Compared with the related art, the rice nutrient enrichment breeding method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0059] Beneficial effects:

[0060] The present invention can significantly shorten the breeding cycle, improve breeding efficiency, effectively integrate a variety of excellent traits, and cultivate new rice varieties with high yield, high quality, strong resistance and wide adaptability. It is of great significance for ensuring food security and meeting market demand, and has broad market application prospects and commercial value. By reasonably applying organic fertilizers, the demand of rice for nutrients can be met, the product quality can be improved, and the per mu yield can be increased. In addition, through the supply of nutrient solution, sufficient trace elements can be provided during the growth of rice, so that the rice is rich in a variety of elements required by the human body, which can supplement the needs of the human body and meet the diverse needs of the market.

[0061] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing the nutritional components of rice, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select variety A with high yield but susceptible to rice blast and variety B with resistance to rice blast but low yield as parents, with variety A as the female parent and variety B as the male parent; S2. During the panicle differentiation period, spray an appropriate amount of paclobutrazol on the faster growing parent variety to adjust the flowering period so that the flowering periods of the two parents are synchronized; S3, using artificial cutting and emasculation to remove the tassels of the female variety A, hybridizing it with the male variety B, and obtaining F1 generation seeds after pollination; S4, backcrossing the F1 seeds with the male parent variety B once to obtain BC1F1 seeds, self-pollinating the BC1F1 seeds to obtain BC1F2 generation seeds, planting 1000 BC1F2 generation plants, selecting 200 individual plants with moderate plant height, more tillers and stronger resistance to rice blast, harvesting seeds, and obtaining BC1F3 generation seeds; S5. Select a suitable rice field, apply organic fertilizer to the rice field, and then plow and harrow the land to evenly distribute the organic fertilizer in the rice field soil, sow the BC1F3 generation seeds, continuously spray the nutrient solution during the growth cycle, and harvest the rice after maturity.

2. The method for enhancing rice nutrient content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the slower growing parent varieties can be sown in advance, and the faster growing parent varieties can be sown normally.

3. The method for enhancing rice nutrient content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation of the manual lemma cutting and emasculation method in S3 is to select the female rice ear, carefully cut off the upper 1 / 3 of the lemma with scissors, and then remove the anther with tweezers. The operation process should avoid damaging the pistil. The rice is bagged immediately after emasculation. When the anthers of the male parent crack and scatter pollen, the pollen is collected and evenly pollinated on the stigma of the emasculated female parent, and then the rice is bagged and marked with the hybrid combination and date.

4. The method for enhancing rice nutrient content according to claim 1, characterized in that: After sowing, the F1 generation seeds obtained by hybridization in S3 are removed from false hybrids, and their hybrid vigor is observed to determine whether they are true hybrids through morphological markers.

5. The method for enhancing rice nutrient content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer in S5 includes base fertilizer and a first nutrient fertilizer applied at the seedling stage. The weight percentage of the effective ingredients of the base fertilizer is: N12-15%, P2O510-16%, K2O11-13%. The weight percentage of the effective ingredients of the first nutrient fertilizer is: N14.5-15.5%, K2O3-7%.

6. The method for enhancing rice nutrient content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer in S5 also includes a second nutrient fertilizer applied during the heading period, wherein the effective ingredients of the second nutrient fertilizer account for the following weight percentages: N14.5-15.5%, K2O3-7%, calcium 1-3%, magnesium 3-6%, and zinc 0.2-0.4%.

7. The method for enhancing rice nutrient content according to claim 5, characterized in that: The application amount of the base fertilizer is 50-60 kg / mu, and the application amount of the first nutrient fertilizer is 7-10 kg / mu.

8. The method for enhancing rice nutrient content according to claim 6, characterized in that: The application amount of the second nutrient fertilizer is 5-8 kg / mu.

9. The method for enhancing rice nutrient content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution in S5 is a selenium-rich composite solution, which includes: nano-selenium 500-750 mg / L, SOD 20000-30000 u / L, amino acid content ≥ 100 g / L, and the balance is water.

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