Application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improvement of salt stress tolerance of rice

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and provides application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improvement of salt stress tolerance of rice. The invention discloses a method for improving salt stress tolerance of rice. The method comprises the step of spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with the working concentration of 10-50 [mu] g / L in any one period or any two or more periods from a tillering period to a young panicle differentiation fifth period of the rice. The sodium diethyldithiocarbamate disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the salt stress tolerance of the rice, obviously improves the yield of the rice under salt stress only through simple spraying, and has important agricultural significance for planting of rice crops in a salt-alkali environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and in particular to application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving salt stress tolerance of rice. Background Art

[0002] Salt stress is one of the important abiotic stress factors that affect rice growth and yield. When rice is subjected to salt stress during the tillering stage, the peak of rice tillering is significantly delayed or does not appear, the heading period is prolonged, the plant height is reduced, and the number of green leaves per stem and the number of effective tillers are reduced. When subjected to salt stress during the booting stage, the length of rice stalks and inflorescences is severely shortened, and yield components such as the number of effective panicles and 1,000-grain weight are significantly reduced. Some researchers believe that the number of grains per panicle is the most affected yield component by salt stress.

[0003] Existing technologies often increase crop yields by developing salt-tolerant crops or salt-resistant regulators. The development of salt-tolerant crops is mainly carried out through natural breeding or genetic engineering to select salt-tolerant products. In comparison, the development of salt-resistant regulators has the advantages of short cycle, low difficulty, low cost and wide applicability.

[0004] Therefore, finding a low-cost regulator that can effectively increase rice yield under salt stress is of great significance for rice cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides the use of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving the salt stress tolerance of rice, so as to at least solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving salt stress tolerance of rice.

[0007] In one embodiment, the working concentration of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in the application is 10-50 μg / L.

[0008] In one embodiment, the period of treating rice with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in the application is any period from the peak tillering stage to the fifth stage of panicle differentiation, or any two or more periods. Rice is most sensitive during this period, and treatment after the seedling stage and the fifth stage of panicle differentiation has little effect on rice.

[0009] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method for improving salt stress tolerance of rice is provided, the method comprising spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate at a working concentration of 10-50 μg / L in any period from the peak tillering stage to the fifth stage of panicle differentiation of rice, or in any two or more periods.

[0010] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a method for increasing rice yield under salt stress is provided, the method comprising spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate at a working concentration of 10-50 μg / L in any period from the peak tillering stage to the fifth stage of panicle differentiation of rice, or in any two or more periods.

[0011] According to an implementable embodiment of the present disclosure, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: The sodium diethyldithiocarbamate disclosed in the present invention can effectively improve the salt stress tolerance of rice, and significantly increase the yield of rice under salt stress only by simple spraying, which has important agricultural significance for the cultivation of rice crops in saline-alkali environments.

[0012] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, in which: In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts.

[0014] Figure 1 The phenotype of rice under salt stress disclosed herein without DDTC salt treatment (CK, i.e., treated with 1‰ Tween 80); Figure 2 The phenotype of rice treated with DDTC salt under salt stress disclosed in the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A graph showing the difference in agronomic traits of rice under salt stress disclosed herein between rice treated with DDTC salt and rice not treated with DDTC salt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0016] The rice materials used in the following examples are Shuangliangyou 1143 and Jingliangyou 3261.

[0017] Example 1 In this example, rice was treated with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC salt) under salt stress, and the specific process was as follows: (1) Using water as solvent, prepare working solutions of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with final concentrations of 1, 10, 50, 100, 200, and 500 μg / L respectively; water was used as the control (CK).

[0018] (2) Sow Shuangliangyou 1143 in germination boxes and transplant them to the greenhouse 35 days after sowing. Transplant every 2 seedlings into a single small flower pot, and then put the small flower pots into a large transfer box.

[0019] (3) Cover with 0.3% saline 15 days after transplanting and replenish water every 7 days. Spray the leaves with working solutions of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate of different concentrations when covering with saline and 10 days after covering (i.e., between the peak tillering stage and the fifth stage of panicle differentiation). Set up three small flower pots for each treatment as replicates.

[0020] (4) Count the sowing period and single-pot yield of each treatment.

[0021] Sowing period: the time from sowing to the main ear emerging from the sword leaf sheath, expressed as d, and retained as an integer.

[0022] Yield per plant: Each small pot of rice is harvested, dried and weighed individually. The rice is weighed after it is completely dried and cleaned, and the yield is expressed in kg with 2 decimal places.

[0023] Table 1 Sowing period and single pot yield at different DDTC concentrations

[0024] The results are shown in Table 1. The results show that under salt stress, compared with CK, the yield of rice under 10-500μg / L DDTC salt treatment increased significantly, and the sowing period also increased. Specifically, compared with spraying water, the yield of rice per pot increased significantly (p<0.05) under 10-500μg / L DDTC salt treatment, and the sowing period also increased. According to data analysis, the yield per pot increased by about 17%, the sowing period of rice under 10 and 50μg / L DDTC salt treatment increased by 2-6 days, and the sowing period of rice under 100 and 500μg / L DDTC salt treatment increased by more than 10 days. Planting rice in saline-alkali land and increasing the sowing period will significantly increase production risks, so 10-50μg / L is selected as the reasonable treatment concentration of DDTC salt.

[0025] Example 2 In this example, rice was treated with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC salt) under salt stress, and the specific process was as follows: (1) Using a 1‰ aqueous solution of Tween 80 as the surfactant as the solvent, prepare a working solution of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a final concentration of 10 μg / L; using a 1‰ aqueous solution of Tween 80 as the surfactant as the control (CK).

[0026] (2) Sow Jing Liang You 3261 in freshwater seedling beds and transplant seedlings in plots 30 days after sowing. The spacing between rows and plants is 20 cm × 15 cm, and single seedlings are planted. Each plot has 6 rows and 11 columns, for a total of 8 plots.

[0027] (3) Except for field water supply and drainage management, field management shall refer to NY / T 1300.

[0028] After transplanting, the rice seedlings were first irrigated with fresh water. At the fourth stage of panicle differentiation, 0.6% saline water was used for irrigation. The water layer was above 15 cm and irrigation was carried out every 10 days. After 4 irrigations, fresh water irrigation was switched to irrigation. Each irrigation was below 10 cm, and dry and wet were alternated. At the fourth stage of panicle differentiation, 4 plots were used as DDTC salt treatment plots. On the day of salt water irrigation, the rice plants were sprayed with a working solution of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10 μg / L. The adjacent plots of the 4 DDTC salt treatment plots were used as control (CK) plots. On the day of salt water irrigation, the rice plants were sprayed with a 1‰ Tween 80 aqueous solution.

[0029] (4) During rice maturation (phenotypes such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 When the DDTC salt treatment plots and the control (CK) plots were used for yield analysis, the main agronomic traits included the following: Effective ears: Effective ears are investigated at the fixed points where the basic seedlings are investigated during maturity. Ears with less than 5 grains in the heading are not considered effective ears. The number is expressed as the number of effective ears per plant, or per plant, with one decimal place retained.

[0030] Ear length: the length from ear node to ear top (without awn), the average of all rice ears in 5 holes, expressed in centimeters with one decimal place.

[0031] Grain length, width, and diameter: Take all the rice ears from 5 holes, dry them in the sun, and then randomly pick 3 seeds weighing about 20g. Use the SC-E rice appearance quality tester to test the grain length, width, and diameter. Take the average of the 3 replicates and express it in millimeters, retaining 2 decimal places.

[0032] Thousand-grain weight: Randomly select 5 pieces of 1000 grains from each plot among the fully dried grains after sowing and weigh them separately. The difference between the two repeated values ​​shall not be greater than 3% of the average value. The average value of two repeated values ​​shall be taken and expressed in g with one decimal place retained.

[0033] Number of filled grains per ear: the sum of the number of grains with a fill degree of more than one third in 5 holes and the number of fallen grains divided by the total number of ears in 5 holes, and the integer is retained.

[0034] Single ear yield: Take 5 holes in each plot, count the number of effective ears in these 5 holes, weigh the rice in these 5 holes after completely drying and cleaning them, and divide the weight by the number of effective ears, and express it in kg, keeping 2 decimal places.

[0035] Single-plant yield: In each plot, only 24 rice plants in 4 rows and 6 columns not in the side rows are harvested. The rice is harvested, dried and weighed individually. After the rice is completely dried and cleaned, it is weighed and then divided by 24 to calculate the single-plant yield, expressed in kg, with 2 decimal places retained.

[0036] (5) Data processing: Due to the large differences in salinity among plots, the agronomic traits of plots treated with different DDTC salts were normalized with respect to the control (CK) plot of each plot. Taking the number of effective ears per plant as an example, the values ​​of CK were all set to 1, and the relative number of effective ears = the number of effective ears in the DDTC salt-treated plot / the number of effective ears in the control plot (CK). The calculation methods for relative ear length, relative grain length, relative grain width, relative grain diameter, relative thousand-grain weight, relative number of filled grains per ear, relative single ear yield, and relative single plant yield were the same as those for relative effective ears.

[0037] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown in Table 2, the results show that under salt stress, the yield of rice under DDTC salt treatment increased significantly compared with CK. Specifically, compared with CK, the number of effective panicles of rice under DDTC salt treatment decreased significantly but there was no significant difference, and there was no significant difference in panicle length, grain length, grain width, grain diameter, and 1000-grain weight, while the number of grains per panicle, single panicle yield, and single plant yield increased significantly (p<0.05). According to data analysis, the number of grains per panicle increased by 43%, and the single plant yield increased by 23%.

[0038] Table 2 Results of relative agronomic traits between DDTC salt treated plots and control plots

[0039] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of this disclosure can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0041] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving salt stress tolerance of rice, characterized in that: The working concentration of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in the application is 10-50 μg / L.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the application, the period for treating rice with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate is any period from the peak tillering stage to the fifth stage of panicle differentiation, or any two or more periods.

3. A method for improving salt stress tolerance of rice, characterized in that: The method comprises spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10-50 μg / L in any period from the peak tillering period to the fifth panicle differentiation period of rice or any two or more periods.

4. A method for increasing rice yield under salt stress, characterized in that: The method comprises spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10-50 μg / L in any period from the peak tillering period to the fifth panicle differentiation period of rice or any two or more periods.

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