Method for preventing and treating fire blight of main stem of kawabata pear

Abstract

The application discloses a method for preventing and treating trunk pear fire blight spots of fragrant pear, which comprises the following steps: a medicament mixed solution is prepared by mixing bacillus amyloliquefaciens diluted 300-400 times with water and manganese zinc oxide diluted 400-500 times with water in a weight ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5; when the trunk of the fragrant pear is diseased in June every year, diseased tree bark at a trunk pus flow is cut off by using an electric saw without damaging the trunk wood; the prepared medicament mixed solution is evenly applied to the disease spots by using a brush, and the second application is performed after one week. The method is simple, fast, low in cost and high in operability, the prevention effect can reach 100% when the trunk disease spots have not caused the trunk to appear the dead symptoms, and the prevention effect can reach about 75% when the trunk has appeared the dead symptoms, the trunk can gradually recover, new buds can be generated, and new branches can be formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular to a simple and quick new method for preventing and controlling fire blight spots on the main trunk of fragrant pears. Background Technology

[0002] In 2016, pear fire blight occurred for the first time in Xinjiang and caused devastating damage to the Xinjiang fragrant pear industry. The disease has multiple transmission routes, including through wounds, rainwater, aerosols, soil, and pollen. Leaves, fruits, flowers, lateral branches, and trunks can all be infected. Among these, infection of the trunk of the fragrant pear tree by the pear fire blight fungus is the main cause of tree death.

[0003] Current methods for controlling pear fire blight primarily rely on chemical pesticides. While these methods offer some protection, they easily lead to pesticide residues, harming human health, disrupting the ecological balance, and, with prolonged use, fostering drug resistance in the pathogen, thus increasing the difficulty of control. Biological control, utilizing the secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms, effectively solves the pesticide residue problem, does not induce drug resistance in pathogens, is harmless to humans, and does not cause environmental pollution. Studies have shown that Pantoea agglomerans E352 can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of pear fire blight pathogens by producing polyketide difixitin and dipeptide pasteurization, but it is difficult for these pathogens to colonize in the field, especially in saline-alkali environments.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN112358366B discloses a compound microbial fertilizer for the prevention and control of pear fire blight, its preparation method, and its application. This compound microbial fertilizer is prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Candida guilliermondii in a specific mass ratio, and combining them with certain amounts of cow manure, sheep manure, mushroom residue, humic acid, and wine lees. This invention creatively proposes a technical solution for a compound microbial fertilizer that can be used to prevent and control pear fire blight. Through the specific ratio of microbial strains, a stable microecological environment is formed, ensuring a high number of viable bacteria. This not only promotes plant growth but also has a significant effect on the prevention and control of pear fire blight. It is applicable even in saline-alkali soils and can reduce the risk of pear trees being infected with pear fire blight.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent CN115029269B discloses an antagonistic bacterium against pear blight pathogens that produces lipopeptide antibiotics, its fermentation method, and its application, belonging to the field of agricultural microbiology. This strain has been deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) under the classification name *Bacillus belyssae*, with accession number CGMCC No. 24843. The lipopeptide antibiotics produced by this strain exhibit significant antagonistic effects against pear blight pathogens and excellent disease control efficacy. It shows some tolerance to high temperatures, acids, alkalis, proteases, and ultraviolet radiation, and exhibits rapid growth and reproduction, strong competitiveness, and low-cost production, demonstrating promising development and application prospects. This invention also discloses a fermentation method to enhance the production of lipopeptide antibiotics by this strain. This method is low-cost, simple to operate, and improves the effectiveness in the biological control of pear blight, providing a theoretical basis and technical reference for the industrial fermentation production of this strain and the research and development of biological pesticides for pear blight.

[0006] However, existing control methods require the use of specific bacterial strains, resulting in high costs, and control remains a significant challenge, especially when the main trunk is infected. To address this, the expert team of the Xinjiang Academy of Forestry's Pear Industry Technology System conducted five years of experimental research and developed a new Bacillus amyloliquefaciens that effectively controls pear fire blight lesions on the main trunk, solving the problem of tree death caused by pear fire blight infection on the main trunk of Pear trees. This content is protected by a patent application (patent number 202411889193.0), and the contents of this prior application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0007] Based on the prior application, the inventors of this application, through further research, discovered that adding an appropriate amount of manganese zinc to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can further prevent and control fire blight spots on the main trunk of Korla pears. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, this invention provides a simple and quick new method for preventing and controlling fire blight spots on the main trunk of fragrant pears. To achieve the above objectives, this invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] This invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling fire blight lesions on the main trunk of Korla pears, comprising the following steps:

[0010] ① Preparation of the reagent combination solution: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is diluted 300-400 times with water, and manganese zinc is diluted 400-500 times with water. The evenly diluted reagents are mixed at a weight ratio of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to manganese zinc of 1-1.5:1-1.5 to prepare the reagent mixture solution for later use; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, with accession number CGMCC No. 28054 and accession date of July 28, 2023;

[0011] ②When the main trunk is infected in June each year, use an electric saw to cut off the diseased bark at the pus-oozing spots on the main trunk of the fragrant pear, taking care not to damage the xylem of the trunk.

[0012] ③ Apply the prepared medicine mixture evenly to the lesions with a brush, and apply it a second time after 1 week.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the content of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 10 billion / gram.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the polymanganese zinc is 40-60%.

[0015] Another aspect of this invention relates to a combined agent for preventing and treating fire blight spots on the main trunk of Korla pears. The agent comprises Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and manganese zinc in a weight ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5. The concentration of manganese zinc in the manganese zinc is 40-60%. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC No. 28054 and accession date of July 28, 2023.

[0016] Another aspect of this invention relates to the application of the above-mentioned combined agent in the prevention and control of fire blight lesions on the main trunk of Korla pear. The agent comprises Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and manganese zinc in a weight ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5; the concentration of manganese zinc in the manganese zinc is 40-60%; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, with accession number CGMCC No. 28054 and accession date of July 28, 2023.

[0017] Bacillus amyloliquefaciens belongs to the genus Bacillus and is a bacterium with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. It possesses a strong ability to produce secondary metabolites, generating a variety of antibacterial substances. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was initially discovered and identified by Priest, with the type strain being ATCC23350. In recent years, with the discovery of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens' ability to inhibit fungi and bacteria, researchers have successively isolated and identified new strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens from plant and soil materials from different regions. This invention unexpectedly reveals that the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain of this invention has a good effect on controlling fire blight lesions on the main trunk of Korla pear.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] ① The method of the present invention is simple, quick, low-cost, and highly operable.

[0020] ② When the main trunk lesions have not yet caused the tree to die, the control effect can reach 100%. When the tree has already shown signs of dying, the control effect can gradually restore the tree or cause it to sprout new buds and form new branches, with a control effect of about 75%.

[0021] ③ Through trials and demonstrations in areas where pear blight occurs in Xinjiang, this technology can effectively solve the problem of tree death caused by the disease on the main trunk of Xinjiang fragrant pear trees.

[0022] ④ This invention screens out specific Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, which has a good effect on preventing and controlling fire blight spots on the main trunk of Korla pear. By combining it with manganese zinc, it can synergistically prevent and control fire blight spots on the main trunk of Korla pear. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 Experiment on the prevention and control of lesions on the main trunk;

[0024] Figure 2 : The healing status of the main lesions. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following describes in detail the specific embodiments, technical solutions, features, and effects according to the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific features, structures, or characteristics in the various embodiments described below can be combined in any suitable form.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens used in this embodiment of the invention is deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC No. 28054 and accession date of July 28, 2023. This strain was provided by Northwest University.

[0028] Prevention and control methods:

[0029] ① Test reagent combination: 10 billion / gram of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 50% manganese zinc.

[0030] ② Preparation of the drug combination solution: 1 kg of 10 billion / g Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is diluted 350 times with water, and 1 kg of 50% manganese zinc is diluted 450 times with water. Mix the diluted drugs evenly to prepare the drug mixture solution for later use.

[0031] ③ In June each year, when the main trunk is infected, select 60 pear trees with infected main trunks in the field. Each tree should have one lesion of similar diameter, and the trees should be of similar age and vigor. For the pear fire blight lesions on the main trunk, use a portable electric saw to cross-cut the diseased bark at the oozing points, taking care not to damage the xylem of the trunk. Figure 1 As shown.

[0032] ④ Apply the prepared drug mixture evenly to the lesions with a brush. A second application is performed one week later. The treatment involves applying the mixture to the lesions, while the control is a separate application of equal weights of 10 billion CFU / g Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 50% manganese zinc. Each treatment and control is repeated 10 times. The healing of the lesions is observed every 15 days. The size of the lesions is measured using the cross-hatching method to monitor the healing dynamics. Figure 2 As shown in the table below, the cure rate of lesions was counted at the end of August of that year. The incidence rate was calculated based on the expansion / healing of the original lesions during the second year's pear growing season, and the control effect was calculated.

[0033] Table 1: Statistical Table of Prevention and Control Effects

[0034] Test reagents Mean diameter of lesions (before treatment) Mean diameter of lesions (15 days after application of medication) Mean diameter of lesions (30 days after application of medication) Mean diameter of lesions (45 days after application of medication) Mean diameter of lesions (60 days after application of medication) Number of healed lesions Number of lesions spreading Preventive efficacy (%) 10 billion / gram of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 14.4cm 13.69cm 13.07cm 12.4cm 12.01cm 13 6 65% More than 50% manganese and zinc 13.7cm 13.66cm 12.94cm 12.6cm 12.21cm 12 8 60% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + 50% manganese zinc 13.9cm 13.12cm 12.03cm 11.31cm 9.6cm 20 0 100%

[0035]

[0036] It is evident that the two agents (formulations) provided by this invention have a certain control effect on pear fire blight lesions affecting the main trunk, with control efficacy exceeding 60%. The mixture of the two agents exhibits the best control effect, reaching 100%.

[0037] The above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the above claims.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling fire blight lesions on the main trunk of fragrant pears, comprising the following steps: ① Preparation of the reagent combination solution: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is diluted 300-400 times with water, and manganese zinc is diluted 400-500 times with water. The evenly diluted reagents are mixed at a weight ratio of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to manganese zinc of 1-1.5:1-1.5 to prepare the reagent mixture solution for later use; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, with accession number CGMCC No. 28054 and accession date of July 28, 2023; ②When the main trunk is infected in June each year, use an electric saw to cut off the diseased bark at the pus-oozing spots on the main trunk of the fragrant pear, taking care not to damage the xylem of the trunk. ③ Apply the prepared medicine mixture evenly to the lesions with a brush, and apply a second coat after 1 week; The content of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 10 billion / gram; the concentration of manganese zinc is 50%.

2. A combination agent for preventing and controlling fire blight spots on the main trunk of fragrant pear, the agent comprising Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and manganese zinc in a weight ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5; the content of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 10 billion / gram; the concentration of manganese zinc in manganese zinc is 50%; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, with accession number CGMCC No. 28054, and the deposit date is July 28, 2023.

3. The application of the combined agent according to claim 2 in the prevention and control of fire blight spots on the main trunk of fragrant pear.

4. The application according to claim 3, wherein the application includes restoring trees exhibiting signs of death and / or causing new buds to sprout and form new branches.

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