Mutton sheep breeding and weight gaining feed formula and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, and discloses a mutton sheep breeding weight-gaining feed formula, which is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 55-65 parts of a corn mixture, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of flax cake, 3-4 parts of a premix, 5-6 parts of licorice powder, and 0.5-1 part of a microbial compound preparation. Wherein the corn is obtained by mixing corn kernels and corn flour, the protein content of the soybean meal is 41% or above, the microbial compound preparation is 65% of compound probiotics and 35% of yeast culture, and the compound probiotics are bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis. According to the mutton sheep breeding and fattening feed formula and the preparation method, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis are adopted as probiotic raw materials and are added into the feed after being compounded with the yeast culture, and different proportions of the corn mixture are adopted to deal with different stages of mutton sheep fattening, so that the mutton sheep breeding and fattening feed is obtained. The mutton sheep can be fed according to the digestive ability of the mutton sheep in different periods, and the obvious fattening effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry, and in particular to a formula for fattening feed for mutton sheep breeding and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of sheep breeding industry, various sheep feeds have also developed rapidly. At present, there are many varieties of sheep feeds on the market. However, in the existing technology, due to the uneven quality of sheep feed raw materials, the overall ration nutrition level is not high, which greatly affects the daily weight gain and breeding economic benefits of sheep. In addition, the uneven mixing causes uneven feeding of raw materials, serious imbalance in nutrient intake, and nutritional imbalance of sheep, which cannot fully meet the growth needs of sheep. Therefore, sheep feed and its additives need to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a formula for fattening feed for mutton sheep breeding and a preparation method thereof. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are used as probiotic raw materials, which are compounded with yeast culture and then added to feed. Different proportions of corn mixtures are used to cope with different stages of mutton sheep fattening. The mutton sheep can be fed according to their digestive capacity at different stages, and the feed has a significant fattening effect.

[0004] The invention provides a fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of corn mixture, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of sesame cakes, 3-4 parts of premix, 5-6 parts of licorice powder and 0.5-1 part of a microbial composite preparation; wherein the corn is obtained by mixing corn kernels and corn flour, the protein content of the soybean meal is above 41%, the microbial composite preparation is 65% of composite probiotics + 35% of yeast culture, and the composite probiotics are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis.

[0005] Furthermore, the corn mixture is mixed with 70% corn kernels and 30% corn flour in the early stage of fattening sheep, the corn mixture is mixed with 50% corn kernels and 50% corn flour in the middle stage of fattening sheep, and the corn mixture is mixed with 20% corn kernels and 80% corn flour in the late stage of fattening sheep.

[0006] Furthermore, in the early stage of fattening mutton sheep, it is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of corn mixture, 20 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of sesame cake, 4 parts of premix, 5.5 parts of licorice powder, and 0.5 parts of microbial compound preparation.

[0007] Furthermore, in the middle stage of fattening mutton sheep, it is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58 parts of corn mixture, 18 parts of soybean meal, 14 parts of sesame cake, 3.4 parts of premix, 5.8 parts of licorice powder, and 0.8 parts of microbial composite preparation.

[0008] Furthermore, in the late fattening stage of mutton sheep, it is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of corn mixture, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of sesame cakes, 3 parts of premix, 6 parts of licorice powder, and 1 part of microbial composite preparation.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a fattening feed for mutton sheep breeding, based on the above-mentioned fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding, comprising:

[0010] S1. Determine the stage of fattening sheep, and prepare raw materials in corresponding proportions according to the proportions of raw materials in corresponding stages, including corn mixture, soybean meal, sesame cake, premix, licorice powder and microbial compound preparation;

[0011] S2, using a screening machine to remove impurities from corn kernels, and using a grinder to grind them into corn flour, so that the particle size of the corn is 1-2.5 mm; using a grinder to grind soybean meal until it can pass through a 40-60 mesh screen; using a grinder to grind sesame cakes into particles with a diameter of about 2-4 mm;

[0012] S3, mixing corn flour and corn kernels according to different proportions of fattening stages of mutton sheep to prepare corn mixtures of corresponding stages;

[0013] S4. In a sterile environment, the selected composite probiotics and yeast are inoculated into a culture medium containing glucose, peptone, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in proportion, and cultured at 30°C ± 2°C under aerobic or anaerobic conditions for 2-3 days according to the characteristics of the strain, and then the dried bacteria are collected by centrifugation and spray drying to prepare a powdered microbial composite preparation;

[0014] S5. According to the formula ratio, first put the corn mixture into the blender, then add soybean meal and sesame cake in sequence, start the blender, and control the mixing time to 10-15 minutes to ensure that the initial mixing is uniform;

[0015] S6. Add the premix and licorice powder into the blender and continue blending for 5-8 minutes to allow the trace components in the premix to be evenly distributed in the feed;

[0016] S7, adding the microbial composite preparation into a blender, and stirring for 3-5 minutes to fully mix all the raw materials to obtain a fattening feed for mutton sheep breeding;

[0017] Furthermore, after step S6, the method further includes:

[0018] S8, conveying the fully mixed fattening feed for mutton breeding to a pelletizer, controlling the temperature of the pelletizer at 70-85° C., and extruding the feed into pellets with a diameter of 6-8 mm and a length of 8-12 mm through a die;

[0019] S9. Pass the pellet feed through a cooler to reduce its temperature to room temperature, control the moisture content at 12%-14%, and screen the cooled pellet feed to remove sticky and broken pellets to obtain high-quality mutton sheep fattening pellet feed.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The present invention adopts corn mixtures of different proportions to prepare fattening feed for mutton sheep at different stages. In the early stage of fattening, corn kernels can promote saliva secretion and stimulate rumen development through sufficient chewing of mutton sheep. At the same time, corn flour can provide easily digestible energy to help mutton sheep adapt to fattening feed; in the middle stage of fattening, corn kernels can continue to play a role in promoting rumen health, and corn flour can provide more easily absorbed energy to meet the energy needs of mutton sheep for rapid growth, which is helpful to improve fattening effect; in the late stage of fattening, corn flour can be digested and absorbed faster, providing sufficient energy for mutton sheep, promoting fat deposition, and improving the quality and yield of mutton.

[0022] 2. The present invention adopts raw materials of different proportions at different stages of fattening of mutton sheep, which can accurately meet the growth needs of mutton sheep. The total proportion of corn mixture is gradually increased from the early, middle and late stages of fattening, and the total proportion of soybean meal and sesame cake is gradually reduced, which helps to promote the rumen development of mutton sheep at different stages; with appropriate amounts of premixes and minerals, the energy and protein requirements of rapid growth can be met, muscle growth can be promoted, daily weight gain can be increased, fat accumulation can be effectively promoted, meat flavor can be improved, and the market value of mutton can be enhanced.

[0023] 3. The present invention adopts Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis as probiotic raw materials, and adds them to the feed after compounding with yeast culture, which has the effect of improving the structure of intestinal toxic bacteria and enhancing resistance to pathogens, effectively promoting the fermentation process of the rumen of Hu sheep, optimizing the fermentation environment in the rumen, enhancing the activity of rumen digestive enzymes, and increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in the rumen; regulating the immunity of meat sheep, improving intestinal health, enhancing antioxidant function, improving production performance and improving the flavor and quality of meat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process of preparing a fattening feed for mutton sheep breeding.

[0025] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] The invention provides a fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of corn mixture, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of sesame cakes, 3-4 parts of premix, 5-6 parts of licorice powder and 0.5-1 part of a microbial composite preparation; wherein the corn is obtained by mixing corn kernels and corn flour, the protein content of the soybean meal is above 41%, the microbial composite preparation is 65% of composite probiotics + 35% of yeast culture, and the composite probiotics are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis.

[0028] The corn mixture is mixed with 70% corn kernels and 30% corn flour in the early fattening stage of mutton sheep. The rumen function of mutton sheep gradually increases in the early fattening stage, but it still takes a certain amount of time to adapt to high-energy feed. An appropriate amount of corn kernels can allow mutton sheep to fully chew, promote saliva secretion, and stimulate rumen development. At the same time, a certain proportion of corn flour can provide easily digestible energy, help mutton sheep adapt to fattening feed, and lay the foundation for subsequent growth.

[0029] The corn mixture is mixed with 50% corn kernels and 50% corn flour in the middle fattening period of mutton sheep. The feed intake and digestion capacity of mutton sheep in the middle fattening period are improved. At this time, it is more appropriate to mix corn kernels and corn flour in a half-and-half ratio. Corn kernels can continue to play a role in promoting rumen health, and corn flour can provide more easily absorbed energy, meet the energy needs of mutton sheep for rapid growth, and help improve the fattening effect.

[0030] The corn mixture is mixed with 20% corn kernels and 80% corn flour in the late fattening period of mutton sheep. In the late fattening period, mutton sheep need a lot of energy to deposit fat and increase weight. Corn flour can be digested and absorbed faster, providing sufficient energy for mutton sheep, promoting fat deposition, and improving the quality and yield of mutton. At this time, 80% corn flour can be used with 20% corn kernels. A small amount of corn kernels can maintain certain chewing and rumination activities of mutton sheep and ensure normal rumen function.

[0031] Sesame cakes provide high-quality protein with high protein content and relatively reasonable amino acid composition, which can provide important nutritional support for muscle growth and physical development of mutton sheep. In addition, it can also provide a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids, which plays an important role in improving the quality of mutton and increasing the nutritional value of meat. In the middle and late fattening stages of mutton sheep, it can provide high-quality protein and energy for rapid growth and fat deposition of mutton sheep. However, in the young stage of mutton sheep, since the digestive system is not fully developed, the addition ratio should not be too high to avoid indigestion.

[0032] Ratios for different periods of mutton:

[0033] (1) In the early stage of fattening of mutton sheep, the formula is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 55 parts of corn mixture, 20 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of sesame cake, 4 parts of premix, 5.5 parts of licorice powder, and 0.5 parts of microbial compound preparation. The formula is rich in protein and can meet the protein demand of the rapid growth of mutton sheep in the early stage of fattening. At the same time, the corn mixture provides energy and the hay powder helps maintain the normal function of the rumen.

[0034] (2) In the middle stage of fattening of mutton sheep, the following raw materials are prepared by weight: 58 parts of corn mixture, 18 parts of soybean meal, 14 parts of sesame cake, 3.4 parts of premix, 5.8 parts of licorice powder, and 0.8 parts of microbial compound preparation. As the weight of mutton sheep increases, the demand for energy gradually increases. The proportion of corn mixture is increased to provide more energy while maintaining a certain protein level to ensure that the mutton sheep continue to maintain a good growth trend in the middle stage of fattening.

[0035] (3) In the late fattening stage of mutton sheep, the following raw materials are prepared by weight: 65 parts of corn mixture, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of sesame cake, 3 parts of premix, 6 parts of licorice powder, and 1 part of microbial compound preparation. In the late fattening stage, the fat deposition of mutton sheep is increased, the meat quality and body weight are improved, the proportion of corn mixture is further increased, and the proportion of soybean meal is appropriately reduced to meet the basic protein needs of mutton sheep.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a fattening feed for mutton sheep breeding, based on the above-mentioned fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding, comprising:

[0037] S1. Determine the stage of fattening sheep, and prepare raw materials in corresponding proportions according to the proportions of raw materials in corresponding stages, including corn mixture, soybean meal, sesame cake, premix, licorice powder and microbial compound preparation;

[0038] S2, using a screening machine to remove impurities from corn kernels, and using a grinder to grind them into corn flour, so that the particle size of the corn is 1-2.5 mm; using a grinder to grind soybean meal until it can pass through a 40-60 mesh screen; using a grinder to grind sesame cakes into particles with a diameter of about 2-4 mm;

[0039] S3, mixing corn flour and corn kernels according to different proportions of fattening stages of mutton sheep to prepare corn mixtures of corresponding stages;

[0040] S4. Under a sterile environment, inoculate the selected compound probiotics and yeast in proportion into a culture medium containing glucose, peptone and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and culture at 30℃±2℃ for 2-3 days under aerobic or anaerobic conditions according to the characteristics of the strain. Then collect the dried bacteria by centrifugation and spray drying to make a powdered microbial compound preparation.

[0041] Among them, the composite probiotics are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Under sterile conditions, the probiotics and yeast are inoculated into the culture medium (glucose, peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.) separately or simultaneously. The inoculation amount is usually adjusted according to the strain characteristics and production requirements, generally 1%-10% of the culture medium volume. The temperature is controlled at 30℃±2℃, the pH value is between 4-7, and an aerobic or anaerobic environment is provided according to the aerobic characteristics of the strain, and the culture is carried out for 2-3 days. After the culture is completed, the bacteria are separated from the fermentation broth by centrifugation, filtration, etc. to obtain wet bacteria containing probiotics and yeast. In order to facilitate storage and use, the wet bacteria can be dried, such as spray drying, freeze drying, etc., to make a dry powder preparation of probiotics + yeast.

[0042] S5. According to the formula ratio, first put the corn mixture into the blender, then add soybean meal and sesame cake in sequence, start the blender, and control the mixing time to 10-15 minutes to ensure that the initial mixing is uniform;

[0043] S6. Add the premix and licorice powder into the blender and continue blending for 5-8 minutes to allow the trace components in the premix to be evenly distributed in the feed;

[0044] S7. Add the microbial composite preparation into a blender and stir for 3-5 minutes to fully mix all the raw materials to obtain a fattening feed for mutton breeding.

[0045] In addition, the mixed fattening feed for mutton breeding can be pelleted. Granulation can improve the palatability of the feed, reduce the picky eating phenomenon of mutton sheep, and also facilitate storage and transportation.

[0046] S8, conveying the fully mixed fattening feed for mutton breeding to a pelletizer, controlling the temperature of the pelletizer at 70-85° C., and extruding the feed into pellets with a diameter of 6-8 mm and a length of 8-12 mm through a die;

[0047] S9. Pass the pellet feed through a cooler to reduce its temperature to room temperature, control the moisture content at 12%-14%, and screen the cooled pellet feed to remove sticky and broken pellets to obtain high-quality mutton sheep fattening pellet feed.

[0048] The present invention adopts corn mixtures with different proportions to prepare fattening feed for mutton sheep at different stages. In the early stage of fattening, corn kernels can allow mutton sheep to fully chew, promote saliva secretion, and stimulate rumen development. At the same time, corn flour can provide easily digestible energy to help mutton sheep adapt to fattening feed; in the middle stage of fattening, corn kernels can continue to play a role in promoting rumen health, and corn flour can provide more easily absorbed energy to meet the energy needs of mutton sheep for rapid growth, which is helpful to improve fattening effect; in the late stage of fattening, corn flour can be digested and absorbed faster, provide sufficient energy for mutton sheep, promote fat deposition, and improve the quality and yield of mutton.

[0049] The present invention adopts raw materials of different proportions at different fattening stages of mutton sheep, which can accurately meet the growth needs of mutton sheep. The total proportion of corn mixture is gradually increased from the early, middle and late stages of fattening, and the total proportion of soybean meal and sesame cake is gradually reduced, so as to help promote the rumen development of mutton sheep at different stages; and appropriate amounts of premixes and minerals are matched to meet the energy and protein needs of rapid growth, promote muscle growth, increase daily weight gain, effectively promote fat accumulation, improve meat flavor, and enhance the market value of mutton.

[0050] The present invention adopts Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis as probiotic raw materials, and adds them to the feed after compounding with yeast culture, which has the effects of improving the structure of intestinal toxic bacteria and enhancing resistance to pathogens, effectively promoting the fermentation process of the rumen of Hu sheep, optimizing the fermentation environment in the rumen, enhancing the activity of rumen digestive enzymes, and increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in the rumen; regulating the immunity of meat sheep, improving intestinal health, enhancing antioxidant function, improving production performance and improving the flavor and quality of meat.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, device, article or method. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, device, article or method including the element.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of corn mixture, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of sesame cake, 3-4 parts of premix, 5-6 parts of licorice powder and 0.5-1 part of microbial composite preparation; wherein the corn is obtained by mixing corn kernels and corn flour, the protein content of the soybean meal is above 41%, the microbial composite preparation is 65% of composite probiotics + 35% of yeast culture, and the composite probiotics are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis.

2. The fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corn mixture is mixed with 70% corn kernels and 30% corn flour in the early stage of fattening sheep, the corn mixture is mixed with 50% corn kernels and 50% corn flour in the middle stage of fattening sheep, and the corn mixture is mixed with 20% corn kernels and 80% corn flour in the late stage of fattening sheep.

3. The fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the early stage of fattening mutton sheep, the mixture is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of corn mixture, 20 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of sesame cake, 4 parts of premix, 5.5 parts of licorice powder and 0.5 parts of microbial compound preparation.

4. The fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the middle stage of fattening mutton sheep, the mixture is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58 parts of corn mixture, 18 parts of soybean meal, 14 parts of sesame cake, 3.4 parts of premix, 5.8 parts of licorice powder and 0.8 parts of microbial compound preparation.

5. The fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the late fattening stage of mutton sheep, the product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of corn mixture, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of sesame cake, 3 parts of premix, 6 parts of licorice powder and 1 part of microbial compound preparation.

6. A method for preparing a fattening feed for mutton sheep breeding, characterized in that: The fattening feed formula for mutton sheep breeding based on any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises: S1. Determine the stage of fattening sheep, and prepare raw materials in corresponding proportions according to the proportions of raw materials in corresponding stages, including corn mixture, soybean meal, sesame cake, premix, licorice powder and microbial compound preparation; S2, using a screening machine to remove impurities from corn kernels, and using a grinder to grind them into corn flour, so that the particle size of the corn is 1-2.5 mm; using a grinder to grind soybean meal until it can pass through a 40-60 mesh screen; using a grinder to grind sesame cakes into particles with a diameter of about 2-4 mm; S3, mixing corn flour and corn kernels according to different proportions of fattening stages of mutton sheep to prepare corn mixtures of corresponding stages; S4. In a sterile environment, the selected composite probiotics and yeast are inoculated into a culture medium containing glucose, peptone, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in proportion, and cultured at 30°C ± 2°C under aerobic or anaerobic conditions for 2-3 days according to the characteristics of the strain, and then the dried bacteria are collected by centrifugation and spray drying to prepare a powdered microbial composite preparation; S5. According to the formula ratio, first put the corn mixture into the blender, then add soybean meal and sesame cake in sequence, start the blender, and control the mixing time to 10-15 minutes to ensure that the initial mixing is uniform; S6. Add the premix and licorice powder into the blender and continue blending for 5-8 minutes to allow the trace components in the premix to be evenly distributed in the feed; S7. Add the microbial composite preparation into a blender and stir for 3-5 minutes to fully mix all the raw materials to obtain a fattening feed for mutton breeding.

7. The method for preparing the fattening feed for mutton sheep breeding according to claim 6, characterized in that: After step S6, the method further includes: S8, conveying the fully mixed fattening feed for mutton breeding to a pelletizer, controlling the temperature of the pelletizer at 70-85° C., and extruding the feed into pellets with a diameter of 6-8 mm and a length of 8-12 mm through a die; S9. Pass the pellet feed through a cooler to reduce its temperature to room temperature, control the moisture content at 12%-14%, and screen the cooled pellet feed to remove sticky and broken pellets to obtain high-quality mutton sheep fattening pellet feed.

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