Small stress dispersion intramedullary needle for trauma

Abstract

A trauma small stress dispersion intramedullary needle comprises a set of intramedullary needle bodies (1) and a set of door-shaped nails (2) which are inserted into a tubular bone (100), the set of door-shaped nails (2) are annularly and evenly distributed and inserted into bone cortex on the two sides of the fracture position of the tubular bone (100) respectively, and the fractured tubular bone (100) is fixed in an auxiliary mode through the door-shaped nails (2); the device has the advantages that the stress at the fracture position is homogenized and dispersed, the lateral stress and the rotational stress are shielded, the stresses are graded, buffered and orbital, the internal fixation system of the bone is stable, the fracture position is quickly healed at a first stage, and infection is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fracture surgery, and in particular to a stress-dispersing intramedullary nail with minimal trauma. Background Art

[0002] At present, in tubular bone or femoral surgery, interlocking intramedullary nail system, proximal femoral intramedullary nail system or nail plate system are mostly used for closed fixation of fractures. There are defects such as stress collection, stress concentration, stress conduction, lever amplification and slow stress dissipation during surgical fixation and postoperative healing, which can easily lead to instability of bone internal fixation system, slow down bone healing, or even non-healing. In severe cases, it can lead to the collapse of the entire bone fixation system. At the same time, the fixation state can easily lead to stress shielding, and longitudinal stress shielding can easily lead to osteoporosis. Excessive stress gradient has no buffering effect, resulting in instability and loosening of the fracture site, and will also affect bone fractures outside the fixation system. When internal fixation is started after healing, fractures occur again due to osteoporosis. Common one-axis zero-track system fixation, rarely two-axis zero-track system fixation, and even rarer three-axis three-track or more three-track system fixation, completely lacking the dynamic concept of stress homogenization, dispersion, lateral stress, rotational stress shielding, various stress gradients, buffering, and track in an orderly and stable manner. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stress-dispersing intramedullary nail with minimal trauma to address the above-mentioned deficiencies.

[0004] The present invention comprises a group of intramedullary nails and a group of gate-shaped nails inserted into tubular bones. A group of gate-shaped nails are evenly distributed in a circle and inserted into the bone cortex on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone, respectively, to assist in fixing the fractured tubular bone.

[0005] A threading hole is provided on the intramedullary needle, and a push needle wire is arranged in the threading hole. When the intramedullary needle is inserted into the tubular bone, the push needle wire is located in the inner cavity of the tubular bone in a U-shape, and the two ends of the push needle wire are respectively extended along the fracture of the tubular bone; the two ends of the push needle wire are pulled so that the push needle wire is straightened under the action of tension, driving the intramedullary needle to be inserted deep into the tubular bone.

[0006] A group of memory alloy fixing parts are arranged on the outer wall of the intramedullary nail, a prism hole is arranged on the inner wall of the memory alloy fixing part, and a group of prism installation areas used in conjunction with the prism hole are arranged on the outer wall of the intramedullary nail.

[0007] The door-shaped nails are replaced by strapping, and strapping holes are punched in the bone cortex on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone. The strapping holes are inserted into the strapping holes, and knots are tied at both ends of the strapping to bring the fracture of the tubular bone together and bundle it.

[0008] A set of intramedullary nails contains three pieces. The gate-shaped nails are replaced by a pair of ligatures, which are wrapped around the intramedullary nails. Threading holes are opened on the bone cortex on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone. The ligatures extend from the threading holes, and the extended ends of the pair of ligatures are knotted.

[0009] A group of limiting teeth are arranged in sequence on the spring sheet, a group of spring sheet mounting grooves are opened on the outer wall of the intramedullary needle, the spring sheet is installed in the spring sheet mounting groove, a push rod is inserted along the inlet end of the intramedullary needle, the spring sheet is squeezed outward to a horizontal state by the push rod, the limiting teeth protrude from the spring sheet mounting groove and contact the inner wall of the tubular medullary cavity, and the push rod and the inner wall of the intramedullary needle have a threaded fit or an interference fit.

[0010] A pair of spring sheets are arranged in mirror-image distribution in the spring sheet installation groove, and the limiting teeth of the spring sheets face the fractured part of the tubular bone.

[0011] A tensioning screw is arranged in the intramedullary needle. The intramedullary needle is composed of a lower needle body and an upper needle body. Both the lower needle body and the upper needle body are semi-cylindrical. A group of nail holes are opened on the lower needle body, and a threaded hole is opened on the upper needle body. The nail head of the tensioning screw is located in the nail hole, and the nail rod of the tensioning screw is threadedly installed in the threaded hole of the upper needle body.

[0012] A push ring is provided in the middle of the tensioning screw, and the push ring is located between the lower needle body and the upper needle body. The knob tensions the screw, and the push ring squeezes the lower needle body, so that the gap between the lower needle body and the upper needle body becomes larger, and the intramedullary needle expands outward.

[0013] A nail head accommodating groove is provided on the lower needle body, and a pair of inclined nail penetration holes are provided in the nail head accommodating groove. The threaded hole of the upper needle body corresponds to the inclined nail penetration hole. A pair of tensioning screws are distributed in a V shape and are obliquely installed in the threaded hole of the upper needle body. The pushing ring is replaced by a pushing ball, and the knob tensioning screw is turned. The pushing ball squeezes the lower needle body, thereby increasing the gap between the lower needle body and the upper needle body, and the intramedullary nail expands outward.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are: no medullary expansion is required during the operation, stress at the fracture site is homogenized and dispersed, lateral stress and rotational stress are shielded, various stresses are gradient, buffered and orbitalized, the bone internal fixation system is stable, the fracture site is healed quickly in the first stage, and infection is reduced. Complications such as delayed fracture healing and nonunion are significantly reduced. The grinding effect and mortar effect are avoided to repeatedly damage the newly formed bridges on the two fracture surfaces, and the spontaneously formed bridge pairs are well protected for regeneration, while more bridge pairs that will regenerate spontaneously are awakened and effectively protected. At the same time, under the stimulation of the longitudinal HO stress pump, osteoporosis is avoided, and re-fracture is avoided after the internal fixation is removed. The bones are made to heal quickly and healthily. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the door-shaped nail auxiliary fixation of tubular bones of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the memory alloy fixing part of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the binding belt of the present invention for assisting in fixing tubular bones.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the binding belt of the present invention for auxiliary fixation of tubular bones.

[0019] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of using a spring sheet to assist in fixing a tubular bone.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spring sheet of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of using a pair of spring sheets to assist in fixing a tubular bone.

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a pair of spring sheets of the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tensioning screw of the present invention.

[0024] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the push ring of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tensioning screws of the present invention being distributed in a V shape.

[0026] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a propelling ball of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, if the terms "first", "second", etc. appear in the description of the present invention, they are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] As shown in the drawings, the present invention comprises a group of intramedullary nails 1 and a group of gate-shaped nails 2 inserted into a tubular bone 100. A group of gate-shaped nails 2 are evenly distributed in a circle and are respectively inserted into the bone cortices on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone 100 , so that the gate-shaped nails 2 assist in fixing the fractured tubular bone 100 .

[0033] A threading hole is opened on the intramedullary needle 1, and a push needle wire 3 is arranged in the threading hole. When the intramedullary needle 1 is inserted into the tubular bone 100, the push needle wire 3 is located in the inner cavity of the tubular bone 100 and is U-shaped, and the two ends of the push needle wire 3 are respectively extended along the fracture of the tubular bone 100; the two ends of the push needle wire 3 are pulled, so that the push needle wire 3 is straightened under the action of tension, driving the intramedullary needle 1 to be inserted deep into the tubular bone 100.

[0034] A group of memory alloy fixing parts 4 are arranged on the outer wall of the intramedullary nail 1 , a prismatic hole is arranged on the inner wall of the memory alloy fixing part 4 , and a group of prismatic mounting areas used in conjunction with the prismatic hole are arranged on the outer wall of the intramedullary nail 1 .

[0035] The door-shaped nail 2 is replaced by a strapping tape 5, and strapping tape holes are punched in the bone cortexes on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone 100. The strapping tape 5 is inserted into the strapping tape holes, and the two ends of the strapping tape 5 are knotted to bundle the fracture of the tubular bone 100 together.

[0036] There are three intramedullary nails 1 in a set. The gate-shaped nails 2 are replaced by a pair of ties 6, which are wrapped around the intramedullary nails 1. Threading holes are opened on the bone cortexes on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone 100, and the ties 6 extend out of the threading holes. The extended ends of the pair of ties 6 are knotted.

[0037] A group of limiting teeth 8 are arranged in sequence on the spring sheet 7, and a group of spring sheet mounting grooves are opened on the outer wall of the intramedullary needle 1. The spring sheet 7 is installed in the spring sheet mounting groove. The push rod 18 is inserted along the inlet end of the intramedullary needle 1. The spring sheet 7 is squeezed outward to a horizontal state by the push rod 18. The limiting teeth 8 protrude from the spring sheet mounting groove and contact the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the tubular bone 100. The push rod 18 and the inner wall of the intramedullary needle 1 have a threaded fit or an interference fit.

[0038] A pair of spring leaves 7 are arranged in a mirror-image arrangement in the spring leaf installation groove, and the limiting teeth 8 of the spring leaves 7 face the fractured part of the tubular bone 100 .

[0039] A tensioning screw 9 is arranged in the intramedullary needle 1. The intramedullary needle 1 is spliced ​​by a lower needle body 10 and an upper needle body 11. The lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11 are both semi-cylindrical. A group of nail holes are opened on the lower needle body 10, and a threaded hole is opened on the upper needle body 11. The nail head of the tensioning screw 9 is located in the nail hole, and the nail rod of the tensioning screw 9 is threadedly installed in the threaded hole of the upper needle body 11.

[0040] A push ring 12 is provided in the middle of the tensioning screw 9, and the push ring 12 is located between the lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11. When the knob tensioning screw 9 is turned, the push ring 12 squeezes the lower needle body 10, so that the gap between the lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11 becomes larger, and the intramedullary needle 1 expands outward.

[0041] A nail head accommodating groove 13 is formed on the lower needle body 10, and a pair of inclined nail penetration holes are formed in the nail head accommodating groove 13. The threaded hole of the upper needle body 11 corresponds to the inclined nail penetration hole. A pair of tensioning screws 9 are distributed in a V shape and are obliquely installed in the threaded hole of the upper needle body 11. The pushing ring 12 is replaced by a pushing ball 14. The knob tensioning screw 9 is turned, and the pushing ball 14 squeezes the lower needle body 10, so that the gap between the lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11 becomes larger, and the intramedullary needle 1 expands outward.

[0042] Embodiment 1: As attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 As shown, the intramedullary needle 1 is inserted from the fracture of one end of the tubular bone 100, and the push needle wire 3 enters the deep inner cavity of the tubular bone 100 along with the intramedullary needle 1 to form a U shape, and then the two ends of the push needle wire 3 are pulled to straighten the push needle wire 3 under the action of tension, driving the intramedullary needle 1 to be inserted deep into the tubular bone 100. The gate-shaped nail 2 is inserted into the bone cortex on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone 100, so that the fracture is stabilized with one axis and multiple tracks.

[0043] Embodiment 2: As attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2As shown, the intramedullary needle 1 is placed in ice salt water, and the memory alloy fixing part 4 is deflated after cooling down, and fits the outer wall of the intramedullary needle 1. The intramedullary needle 1 is inserted from one end of the tubular bone 100. When the intramedullary needle 1 is inserted into the tubular bone 100, the temperature of the memory alloy fixing part 4 increases and expands, squeezing the inner wall of the medullary cavity to prevent the intramedullary needle 1 from rotating and loosening in the tubular bone 100. The door-shaped nail 2 is inserted into the bone cortex on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone 100, so that the fracture is stabilized by one axis and multiple tracks. The inner wall of the memory alloy fixing part 4 is provided with a prismatic hole, and the outer wall of the intramedullary needle 1 is provided with a group of prismatic installation areas used in conjunction with the prismatic hole; the memory alloy fixing part 4 is prevented from rotating relative to the intramedullary needle 1 through the cooperation of the prismatic structure.

[0044] Embodiment 3: As attached Figure 3 As shown, the intramedullary needle 1 is placed in ice salt water, and the memory alloy fixing part 4 is deflated after cooling down, and fits the outer wall of the intramedullary needle 1. The intramedullary needle 1 is inserted from one end of the tubular bone 100. When the intramedullary needle 1 is inserted into the tubular bone 100, the temperature of the memory alloy fixing part 4 increases and expands, squeezing the inner wall of the medullary cavity to prevent the intramedullary needle 1 from rotating and loosening in the tubular bone 100. The strapping tape 5 is inserted into the strapping hole, and the two ends of the strapping tape 5 are knotted to tie the broken part of the tubular bone 100 together, so that the broken part completes one-axis multi-track stability. The inner wall of the memory alloy fixing part 4 is provided with a prismatic hole, and the outer wall of the intramedullary needle 1 is provided with a group of prismatic installation areas used in conjunction with the prismatic hole; the memory alloy fixing part 4 is prevented from rotating relative to the intramedullary needle 1 through the cooperation of the prismatic structure.

[0045] Embodiment 4: As attached Figure 4 As shown, three intramedullary needles 1 are inserted from one end of the tubular bone 100, and the bandage 6 is wrapped around the intramedullary needle 1. The bone cortex on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone 100 has threading holes, and the bandage 6 extends out of the threading holes, and a pair of extended ends of the bandage 6 are tied. Three-axis multi-track orderly and stable.

[0046] Embodiment 5: As attached Figure 5 , Attachment Figure 6 As shown, the intramedullary needle 1 is inserted from the fracture at one end of the tubular bone 100, and the push rod 18 is installed along the inlet end of the intramedullary needle 1. The spring sheet 7 is squeezed outward to a horizontal state by the push rod 18, and the limiting teeth 8 protrude from the spring sheet installation groove to contact the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the tubular bone 100. The door-shaped nail 2 is inserted into the bone cortex on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone 100, so that the fracture is stabilized with one axis and multiple tracks.

[0047] Embodiment 6: As attached Figure 7 , Attachment Figure 8As shown, the intramedullary needle 1 is inserted from the fracture of one end of the tubular bone 100, and the push rod 18 is installed along the inlet end of the intramedullary needle 1. The push rod 18 is used to squeeze a pair of spring sheets 7 outward to a horizontal state, and the limiting teeth 8 protrude from the spring sheet installation groove and contact the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the tubular bone 100. The limiting teeth 8 of the spring sheet 7 face the fracture of the tubular bone 100. Under the action of the inclined limiting teeth 8, the fracture of the tubular bone 100 is more closely contacted, and there is always a close stress, which accelerates bone healing. The door-shaped nail 2 is inserted into the bone cortex on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone 100, so that the fracture is stabilized with one axis and multiple tracks.

[0048] Embodiment 7: As attached Fig. 9 , Attachment Fig.10 As shown, the intramedullary needle 1 is inserted from the fracture end of the tubular bone 100. In the normal fracture state, the tubular bone 100 is rotated, and then the tension screw 9 is tightened through the hole knob, and the ring 12 is pushed to squeeze the lower needle body 10, so that the gap between the lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11 becomes larger, and the intramedullary needle 1 expands outward. In the comminuted fracture state, the tension screw 9 is directly tightened through the gap between the fracture fragments, and the ring 12 is pushed to squeeze the lower needle body 10, so that the gap between the lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11 becomes larger, and the intramedullary needle 1 expands outward.

[0049] When the intramedullary needle 1 needs to be removed, the lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11 are shuttled back and forth to loosen the thread, thereby reducing the squeezing force of the intramedullary needle 1 on the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the tubular bone 100, and the intramedullary needle 1 can be removed.

[0050] Embodiment 8: As attached Fig.11 , Attachment Fig.12 As shown, the intramedullary needle 1 is inserted from the fracture end of the tubular bone 100, and the tool is inserted into the nail head receiving groove 13 along the fracture gap of the tubular bone 100 to turn the knob tensioning screw 9, and the ball 14 is pushed to squeeze the lower needle body 10, so that the gap between the lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11 becomes larger, and the intramedullary needle 1 expands outward.

[0051] When the intramedullary needle 1 needs to be removed, the lower needle body 10 and the upper needle body 11 are shuttled back and forth to loosen the thread, thereby reducing the squeezing force of the intramedullary needle 1 on the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the tubular bone 100, and the intramedullary needle 1 can be removed.

[0052] Here’s how it works: The dynamic concept of longitudinal stress homogenization, dispersion, lateral stress, rotational stress shielding, stress gradient, buffering, and track-based, referred to as the HO concept, The HO concept previously proposed a conclusion: Currently, almost all bone nonunions are transverse, horizontal, or potentially horizontal, potentially transverse, and the main causes of expansive nonunions are the grinding effect and the mortar-to-mortar effect (the mortar-to-mortise effect), the rotation and wear of the two opposite surfaces of the bone, and the collision and damage of the two opposite surfaces of the bone. Nonunions of long tubular bones are positively distributed mainly in the middle segment.

[0053] The distance between the nails of the nail-plate system or the interlocking intramedullary nail, the larger the distance between the nails at both ends of the fracture, the greater the deformation displacement, the worse the stability, and the more likely it is to cause the mutual damage mechanism of the grinding effect and the mortar effect.

[0054] In the AO and BO principles of orthopedics, it is emphasized that blood circulation should be protected through minimally invasive treatment. No more trauma should be done around the fracture to protect blood circulation. There is no fulcrum (bridge pier) around the fracture. As a result, the distance between fulcrums around the fracture is often too large, resulting in unstable deformation, increased amplitude and intensity of the grinding effect and mortar effect, delayed fracture healing, and even deformity and non-healing. First, there is stress instability, which causes the new capillary network to fold, twist, and pull, which leads to poor blood circulation later. It is not trauma that causes poor blood circulation, which is only a small part. Theoretically, this is incorrect. It should be noted that during the golden healing period of fractures, there is a powerful regeneration process of the capillary network. This process is affected by the unstable grinding effect and the constant damage and control of the mortar effect. The blood circulation of the new bone is poor, which is mainly caused by the grinding effect and the mortar effect, which cause wear, pulling, folding and other disordered stress on the new capillary network.

[0055] Another important concept of the HO concept is the orbitalization of stable axes, both powered and non-powered, adaptive and orderly stability, rather than fixed or rigid fixation.

[0056] First of all, the HO mechanics theory emphasizes that bones are deformable bodies with elastic modulus. No matter how humans fix them, they will deform until they are fractured. Wolff's law states that the structure and function of bones change with stress, emphasizing its adaptability. In fact, the titanium alloy of artificial implants is also a deformable body rather than an absolutely rigid body. The above three factors determine that it is impossible to fix it in mathematical logic, and it is absolutely impossible to do so. The distance between the two fracture surfaces after reduction and the distance after healing is zero distance contact. This small displacement has taken a lot of human energy to understand.

[0057] Therefore, the HO concept proposes that this section of the journey needs to be tracked, slow and smooth, and adaptively automated. There is only linearity, no grinding and rotation, and no seesaw effect of the mortar. This is the orderly and stable orbital system proposed by the HO concept to replace the concept of fixation, strong internal fixation, which violates mathematical logic. Only the orbit of inanimate implants can match the living bone tissue and effectively communicate and respond at all times. The bridge in the HO concept refers to the connecting tissue between fracture surfaces, including artificial implants and human intrinsic tissue. Osteoblasts are connected through gap junctions, tight junctions, and adhesion junctions, which play an important role in maintaining the stability and function of bone tissue.

[0058] 1. Bridge in HO concept: The HO concept believes that the bridges between the two fracture surfaces can be divided into artificial bridge pairs and human bone bridge pairs. Artificial bridge pairs refer to artificially implanted materials, such as intramedullary nails and nail plates, while non-artificial bridge pairs refer to tissues inherent in the human body that regenerate after damage, such as scar tissue adhesions of nonunion.

[0059] 2. Osteoblast connection method: Osteoblasts are mainly connected through gap junctions, tight junctions, and adhesion junctions. Gap junctions are composed of many connexons, forming a low-resistance channel for direct communication between cells; tight junctions can close the intercellular gaps to prevent substances from entering the tissue; adhesion junctions rely on adhesion molecules such as cadherin to enhance the adhesion between cells.

[0060] 3. Connection between osteoblasts and other cells: Osteoblasts communicate with other cells through desmosome junctions, hemidesmosome junctions and communication junctions.

[0061] 4. Regulatory mechanisms of osteoblastic connections: The regulatory mechanism of osteoblast connection involves multiple aspects such as intracellular signaling pathways, extracellular matrix, hormones and growth factors, and cytoskeleton.

[0062] HO concept: Artificial bridging pairs and non-artificial spontaneously repaired bridging pairs influence each other: in terms of quantity distribution, they have a decisive influence on the latter before and after the golden period of fracture healing.

[0063] For a long time, we have been pursuing anatomical perfection during fracture reduction, but this is only the beginning. Taking transverse fractures and comminuted fractures as examples, the fracture surface after reduction constitutes a complex stress environment. If there is no bridge between the fracture surfaces, the stress will be disordered, and any new connection will be easily destroyed, resulting in hindered healing and even displacement and deformity. When a pair of bridges appear, rotation, seesaw and straight line effects will occur, among which the grinding effect and mortar effect seriously hinder the formation of subsequent bridges.

[0064] If there are two pairs of bridgers, although the grinding effect disappears, the mortar effect and the longitudinal HO stress pump will still hinder the formation of new connections. Only when there are at least three pairs of evenly dispersed and strong bridgers can a favorable stress environment be created. At this time, the longitudinal HO stress pump becomes the main factor, prompting more bridgers to form spontaneously, achieving rapid primary healing of fractures, and avoiding expansion, hyperplasia, and osteoporosis.

[0065] The HO concept not only focuses on the moment of fracture reduction, but also emphasizes the construction and optimization of the subsequent stress environment. It reminds us that fracture treatment cannot be satisfied with the initial successful reduction, but also needs to focus on the long-term healing process and overall bone health.

[0066] When two pairs of bridgers appear, although some of the adverse effects are alleviated, the remaining mortar effect and longitudinal HO stress pump will still interfere with and damage the healing process. However, when at least three pairs of evenly dispersed and strong bridgers exist, the situation changes fundamentally. At this time, the main longitudinal HO stress pump can function smoothly, creating an ideal environment for rapid fracture healing. Under such conditions, subsequent bridgers can naturally emerge like mushrooms after rain, achieving primary healing of fractures, not only avoiding the adverse healing results of expansibility and hyperplasia, but also successfully preventing the occurrence of osteoporosis. From a certain perspective, reducing the stress energy barrier can be regarded as a catalytic reaction.

[0067] In the binding connection between osteoblasts, the intermolecular forces involved, such as van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, peptide bonds, disulfide bonds, etc., are of great significance for the stable binding between cells and the realization of physiological functions. When the stress energy barrier is reduced in some way, it is similar to providing more favorable conditions for the binding and physiological processes between osteoblasts, promoting the smooth progress of related reactions and physiological changes. This is similar to the role of catalysts in reducing reaction energy barriers and accelerating reaction rates in the traditional sense. However, it should be noted that in the fields of medicine and biology, this analogy may require more cautious and detailed considerations. Compared with catalytic reactions in chemistry, the processes in organisms are more complex and diverse, and are comprehensively regulated and influenced by multiple factors.

[0068] Artificial bridge pairs require trauma to complete, while non-artificial bridge pairs are produced under the protection and catalysis of artificial bridge pairs to avoid repeated or multiple injuries, so that the number and spatial distribution of artificial bridge pairs determine the formation and speed of non-artificial bridge pairs, and at the same time protect the artificial bridge pairs during or after the formation process. It directly determines the following balances: 1. The contradictory balance between the size of the trauma of the artificial bridge pairs and the number and spatial distribution of artificial bridge pairs. 2. The more artificial bridge pairs, the better the spatial distribution, the greater the difficulty of operation, the greater the difficulty of surgery and the smaller the trauma, the shorter the time, and the simpler the operation. 3. The internal stability system is distributed as much as possible in the medullary cavity, and in the muscles, periosteum, and bone cortex to disperse stress as much as possible. Finding the best balance between the two pairs of contradictions is a major feature of the HO concept.

[0069] In the HO concept, the distinction between artificial bridges and non-artificial bridges between the two fracture surfaces is very important.

[0070] ① Artificial bridges require trauma to implant. Non-artificial bridges do not require trauma: periosteum, blood vessels, soft tissues around the fracture. Bone nonunion, soft tissues around the false joint and scar tissue adhesions. And callus that regenerates spontaneously between fracture surfaces, etc.

[0071] ② Artificial bridges play a decisive role in non-artificial bridges, especially spontaneously regenerated bridges. At the same time, spontaneously regenerated bridges protect and maintain artificial bridges. They influence each other, complement each other, and also destroy each other.

[0072] Mutual damage: When the spontaneous bridge is zero or less, the artificial bridge can only fight alone when loose, and finally there will be stress concentration and stress fatigue. Broken nails and plates will cause the artificial bridge to collapse. Even if there is extensive nonunion scar tissue adhesion with bridge.

[0073] Mutual Complementation: When there are more than three bridge pairs and they are evenly and dispersedly distributed, during the golden healing period, more spontaneous bridgers can be protected or awakened for successful regeneration. These more bridgers will support the bridge pairs and provide stronger protection.

[0074] If the artificial bridge is a triaxial rail that allows a certain amount of longitudinal HO stress pump to pass through and there is stress stimulation, it is a primary non-expansive healthy bone healing.

[0075] This requirement of less trauma requires less artificial bridging, while also complementing each other. To achieve a balance is the HO concept three-axis track system.

[0076] As for the scar tissue bridge formed by nonunion, it should be respected very much, that is, the hollow bone grafting for nonunion. There have been many discussions and examples in the past. It is also a primary bone healing. It is a one-axis multi-track anastomosis system, a two-axis multi-track anastomosis system and above.

Claims

1. A minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail, characterized in that The invention comprises a group of intramedullary nails (1) and a group of gate-shaped nails (2) inserted into a tubular bone (100). A group of door-shaped nails (2) are evenly distributed in a circle and are respectively inserted into the bone cortices on both sides of the fractured part of the tubular bone (100), and the door-shaped nails (2) are used to assist in fixing the fractured tubular bone (100).

2. A minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intramedullary needle (1) is provided with a threading hole, and a push needle line (3) is arranged in the threading hole. When the intramedullary needle (1) is inserted into the tubular bone (100), the push needle line (3) is located in the inner cavity of the tubular bone (100) and is U-shaped. The two ends of the push needle line (3) are respectively extended along the fracture of the tubular bone (100); the two ends of the push needle line (3) are pulled so that the push needle line (3) is straightened under the action of the pulling force, thereby driving the intramedullary needle (1) to be inserted deep into the tubular bone (100).

3. A minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that: A group of memory alloy fixing parts (4) are arranged on the outer wall of the intramedullary needle (1), a prism hole is arranged on the inner wall of the memory alloy fixing part (4), and a group of prism installation areas used in conjunction with the prism hole are arranged on the outer wall of the intramedullary needle (1).

4. The minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The door-shaped nail (2) is replaced by a binding belt (5), binding belt holes are punched in the bone cortexes on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone (100), the binding belt (5) is inserted into the binding belt holes, and the two ends of the binding belt (5) are knotted to close and bind the fracture of the tubular bone (100).

5. The minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of intramedullary nails (1) in a set is three. The gate-shaped nail (2) is replaced by a pair of binding straps (6). The binding straps (6) are wrapped around the intramedullary nails (1). Threading holes are opened on the bone cortexes on both sides of the fracture of the tubular bone (100). The binding straps (6) extend out of the threading holes. The extended ends of the pair of binding straps (6) are knotted.

6. The minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of limiting teeth (8) are arranged in sequence on the spring sheet (7), a group of spring sheet installation grooves are opened on the outer wall of the intramedullary needle (1), the spring sheet (7) is installed in the spring sheet installation groove, a push rod (18) is installed along the inlet end of the intramedullary needle (1), the spring sheet (7) is pressed outward to a horizontal state by the push rod (18), the limiting teeth (8) protrude from the spring sheet installation groove and contact the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the tubular bone (100), and the push rod (18) and the inner wall of the intramedullary needle (1) are threadedly matched or interference-fitted.

7. The minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pair of spring sheets (7) are arranged in a mirror-image arrangement in the spring sheet installation groove, and the limiting teeth (8) of the spring sheets (7) face the fractured portion of the tubular bone (100).

8. The minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intramedullary needle (1) is provided with a tensioning screw (9). The intramedullary needle (1) is formed by splicing a lower needle body (10) and an upper needle body (11). The lower needle body (10) and the upper needle body (11) are both semi-cylindrical. A group of nail holes are formed on the lower needle body (10), and a threaded hole is formed on the upper needle body (11). The nail head of the tensioning screw (9) is located in the nail hole, and the nail rod of the tensioning screw (9) is threadedly installed in the threaded hole of the upper needle body (11).

9. The minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 8, characterized in that: A push ring (12) is provided in the middle of the tensioning screw (9), and the push ring (12) is located between the lower needle body (10) and the upper needle body (11). When the knob tensioning screw (9) is turned, the push ring (12) squeezes the lower needle body (10), thereby increasing the gap between the lower needle body (10) and the upper needle body (11), and the intramedullary needle (1) expands outward.

10. The minimally invasive stress dispersing intramedullary nail according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower needle body (10) is provided with a nail head receiving groove (13), a pair of inclined nail penetration holes are provided in the nail head receiving groove (13), the threaded hole of the upper needle body (11) corresponds to the inclined nail penetration holes, a pair of tensioning screws (9) are distributed in a V shape and are obliquely installed in the threaded holes of the upper needle body (11), the pushing ring (12) is replaced by a pushing ball (14), the knob tensioning screw (9) is turned, and the pushing ball (14) squeezes the lower needle body (10), so that the gap between the lower needle body (10) and the upper needle body (11) becomes larger, and the intramedullary needle (1) expands outward.

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