Spine nail path guiding device

Abstract

The invention relates to a spine nail path guiding device which comprises a supporting plate and a guiding pipe fixedly connected to the supporting plate, a plurality of adjusting assemblies are installed in the guiding pipe, each adjusting assembly comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod which are hinged to the pipe wall of the guiding pipe, a guiding rod is arranged in the guiding pipe, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to each other. The two ends of the guide rod are hinged to the ends, located in the guide pipe, of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod correspondingly. A driving assembly is installed on the guide pipe, and the first connecting rod can rotate around the hinge point of the first connecting rod under the action of the driving assembly. The invention relates to a spine screw path guiding device, and aims to provide a spine screw path guiding device to solve the problems that in the prior art, the specifications of a mouth gag, a screw tap device and a screw have certain differences, a plurality of guiding pipes with different diameters need to be prepared before an operation, and the operation time is prolonged and the operation risk is improved due to the fact that the guiding pipes are taken, selected and used mistakenly in the operation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a spinal nail guide device. Background Art

[0002] The conventional pedicle screws are usually designed as cancellous bone threads with wide threads and pitches or mixed threads of semi-cancellous bone and semi-cortical bone. In orthopedic spinal surgery, in order to insert the screws into the patient's vertebral body, the operation usually requires the following steps: first, use an opener (such as a drill) to break the cortex on the vertebral body, then use a tapping device to perform tapping, and finally use a nailing device to perform nailing, thereby completing the entire insertion process.

[0003] In order to ensure the nailing effect, the three traditional operations all require guidance, and usually three sets of different guide plates are needed. That is, when performing cortical breaking, tapping and nailing operations, it is necessary to first select a guide plate that is compatible with the device and install it on the spinal surface, and the guide plate needs to be removed after the operation. This will increase the operation time and cost. In addition, the guide plate is usually made of polymer materials through 3D printing, while the opening device, tapping device and nailing device used in conjunction are all made of metal. The guide plate is prone to wear during use during the operation, which brings potential harm to the patient.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent with application number 202222109440.3 discloses a spinal screw guide device, which includes a guide member and a guide tube. The guide tubes are provided in multiple numbers and the guide hole diameters are different from each other. Each guide tube can be detachably inserted into the socket. When performing a cortical breaking operation, a guide tube that is adapted to the size of the opener is selected and inserted into the socket, and then the cortical breaking operation is performed. The guide hole diameter of the guide tube is adapted to the size of the opener, thereby ensuring the effect of the cortical breaking operation; when performing a tapping operation, the guide tube in the socket is taken out, a guide tube that is adapted to the size of the tapping device is selected and inserted into the socket, and then the tapping operation is performed, which can also ensure the tapping effect; when performing a nailing operation, the guide tube in the socket is taken out, a guide tube that is adapted to the size of the screw seat is selected, and then the nailing operation is performed, which can also ensure the nailing effect.

[0005] The above patent guides the opener, tapping device and screws through three guide tubes of different diameters. However, there are certain differences in the specifications of the opener, tapping device and screws. Multiple guide tubes of different diameters need to be prepared before the operation, and they may be taken, selected or used incorrectly during the operation, resulting in prolonged operation time and increased surgical risks. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spinal screw guide device to solve the problem that there are certain differences in the specifications of openers, tapping devices and screws in the prior art, and multiple guide tubes of different diameters need to be prepared before surgery, and the wrong ones may be taken, selected or used incorrectly during the operation, resulting in prolonged operation time and increased surgical risks.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A spinal nail guide device comprises a support plate and a guide tube fixedly connected to the support plate, wherein a plurality of adjustment components are installed in the guide tube, and the plurality of adjustment components are evenly distributed around the central axis of the guide tube;

[0009] The adjustment assembly comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod hinged on the wall of the guide tube, the first connecting rod is parallel to the second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is located in the guide tube, a guide rod is arranged in the guide tube, and both ends of the guide rod are respectively hinged to one end of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod located in the guide tube;

[0010] A driving assembly is installed on the guide tube, and the first connecting rod can rotate around its hinge point under the action of the driving assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the first connecting rod away from the inside of the guide tube passes through the side wall of the guide tube and extends along the radial direction of the guide tube;

[0012] The driving assembly comprises a threaded tube sleeved on the guide tube, the inner wall of the threaded tube is cut with an internal thread, the outer wall of the guide tube is cut with an external thread matching the internal thread, and the threaded tube is threadedly connected to the guide tube through the internal thread and the external thread;

[0013] A support assembly is installed on the support plate, and the first connecting rod can be kept against the bottom end of the threaded pipe under the action of the support assembly.

[0014] Further, the cross section of the end of the first connecting rod away from the guide tube is circular, and a sleeve is sleeved on the end of the first connecting rod away from the guide tube;

[0015] The support assembly comprises a first set of rods fixedly connected to the support plate, a sliding rod slidably connected to the first set of rods, the sliding rod extending along the length direction of the first set of rods, and an end of the sliding rod away from the first set of rods connected to the sleeve ball;

[0016] A locking assembly is installed between the slide bar and the first set of bars, and the slide bar can be fixed on the first set of bars under the action of the locking assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes an insertion rod, the first set of rods is provided with a first through hole adapted to the insertion rod, the sliding rod is provided with a plurality of second through holes adapted to the insertion rod, the plurality of second through holes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the sliding rod, and when the sliding rod is locked with the first set of rods, one end of the insertion rod passes through the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0018] Furthermore, a tension spring is sleeved on the insertion rod, and both ends of the tension spring are fixedly connected to the first sleeve rod and the side wall of the insertion rod respectively. When the tension spring is in a naturally stretched state, one end of the insertion rod passes through the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0019] Furthermore, the slide bar is engraved with a plurality of scale lines, and the plurality of scale lines are evenly distributed along the length direction of the slide bar.

[0020] Further, the driving assembly includes a connecting tube sleeved on the guide tube, the guide tube is provided with a groove adapted to the connecting tube, the connecting tube is rotatably connected in the groove, a second set of rods is hinged on the guide tube, a pull rod is slidably connected to the second set of rods, and an end of the pull rod away from the second set of rods is hinged to an end of the second connecting rod located in the guide tube;

[0021] A pull rope is fixedly connected to the pull rod, and a third through hole adapted to the pull rope is opened on the side wall of the second sleeve rod and the guide tube, and one end of the pull rope passes through the third through hole and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod;

[0022] An elastic component is arranged between the pull rod and the second set of rods. When the elastic component is in a naturally stretched state, the angle between the second connecting rod and the guide rod is a right angle.

[0023] Furthermore, the elastic component includes a first spring, both ends of which are fixedly connected to the side walls of the second rod and the pull rod respectively; when the first spring is in a naturally extended state, the pull rod is located at one end of the second rod away from the guide tube.

[0024] Furthermore, a limiting rod is installed on the connecting tube, a first limiting hole matched with the limiting rod is opened on the connecting tube, a plurality of second limiting holes matched with the limiting rod are opened on the guide tube, and the plurality of second limiting holes are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the guide tube. When the connecting tube and the guide tube are locked, one end of the limiting rod passes through the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole.

[0025] Furthermore, a plurality of anti-slip grooves are fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, and the plurality of anti-slip grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the connecting pipe.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The spinal nail guide device inserts the lower end of the guide tube into the incision pre-cut on the patient so that the bottom surface of the support plate fits the patient's skin. When performing a cortical cutting operation, the opener is inserted into the guide tube, and the first connecting rod is driven to rotate around its hinge point by the driving component. During the rotation of the first connecting rod around its hinge point, the second connecting rod is driven to rotate by the guide rod. During the rotation of the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod remains parallel to the first connecting rod, so that multiple guide rods move simultaneously along the radial direction of the guide tube until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods is adapted to the size of the opener, and then the cortical cutting operation is performed, thereby reducing the probability of the opener tilting during the cortical cutting operation. When performing a tapping operation, the opener is pulled out of the guide tube, and the tapping device is inserted into the guide tube, and the first connecting rod is driven to rotate around its hinge point by the driving assembly, and the second connecting rod is driven to rotate by the guide rod during the rotation of the first connecting rod around its hinge point, and the second connecting rod is kept parallel to the first connecting rod during the rotation, so that multiple guide rods move along the radial direction of the guide tube at the same time, until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods is adapted to the size of the tapping device, and then the tapping operation is performed, reducing the probability of the tapping device tilting during the tapping operation. When performing a nailing operation, the tapping device is pulled out of the guide tube, and the seat of the screw is inserted into the guide tube, and the first connecting rod is driven to rotate around its hinge point by the driving assembly, and the second connecting rod is driven to rotate by the guide rod during the rotation of the first connecting rod around its hinge point, and the second connecting rod is kept parallel to the first connecting rod during the rotation, so that multiple guide rods move along the radial direction of the guide tube at the same time, until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods is adapted to the size of the seat of the screw, and then the nailing operation is performed, reducing the probability of the seat of the screw tilting during the nailing operation. Compared with the existing technology, there is no need to prepare multiple guide tubes with different diameters, which reduces the probability of taking, selecting or using the wrong guide tube during surgery and reduces surgical risks.

[0028] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 The local structure of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide tube according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 The local structure of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first set of rods according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a threaded pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a stereogram of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0037] Fig. 9 The local structure of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide tube of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 For the present invention Fig.10 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0040] Fig.12 The local structure of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting pipe according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure:

[0043] 1. Guide tube; 2. Support plate; 3. Adjustment assembly; 4. First connecting rod; 5. Second connecting rod; 6. Guide rod; 7. Drive assembly; 8. Threaded tube; 9. Internal thread; 10. External thread; 11. Support assembly; 12. Sleeve; 13. First set of rods; 14. Slide rod; 15. Locking assembly; 16. Insert rod; 17. First through hole; 18. Second through hole; 19. Tension spring; 20. Scale line; 21. Connecting tube; 22. Groove; 23. Second set of rods; 24. Pull rod; 25. Pull rope; 26. Third through hole; 27. Elastic assembly; 28. First spring; 29. ​​Limit rod; 30. First limiting hole; 31. Second limiting hole; 32. Anti-slip pattern; 33. Opener; 34. Second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0045] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0047] In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side", "the other side", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] In addition, the term "same" does not mean that the parts must be absolutely the same, but slight differences are allowed. The term "vertical" only means that the positional relationship between the parts is more vertical than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be completely vertical, but can be slightly tilted.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a spinal nail guide device, comprising a support plate 2 and a guide tube 1 fixedly connected to the support plate 2, wherein a plurality of adjustment components 3 are installed in the guide tube 1, and the plurality of adjustment components 3 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the guide tube 1;

[0051] The adjusting assembly 3 comprises a first connecting rod 4 and a second connecting rod 5 hinged on the wall of the guide tube 1, the first connecting rod 4 is parallel to the second connecting rod 5, one end of the first connecting rod 4 and the second connecting rod 5 is located in the guide tube 1, a guide rod 6 is arranged in the guide tube 1, and both ends of the guide rod 6 are respectively hinged to one end of the first connecting rod 4 and the second connecting rod 5 located in the guide tube 1;

[0052] The guide tube 1 is provided with a driving assembly 7 , and the first connecting rod 4 can rotate around its hinge point under the action of the driving assembly 7 .

[0053] Working principle and usage:

[0054] Step 1: Insert the lower end of the guide tube 1 into the incision made in advance on the patient's body, so that the bottom surface of the support plate 2 fits against the patient's skin.

[0055] Step 2: When performing the cortex breaking operation, insert the opener 33 into the guide tube 1, and drive the first connecting rod 4 to rotate around its hinge point through the driving assembly 7. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4 around its hinge point, the second connecting rod 5 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5, it remains parallel to the first connecting rod 4, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the opener 33, and then the cortex breaking operation is performed to reduce the probability of the opener 33 tilting during the cortex breaking operation.

[0056] Step three: When performing the tapping operation, pull the opener 33 out of the guide tube 1, and insert the tapping device into the guide tube 1, and drive the first connecting rod 4 to rotate around its hinge point through the driving assembly 7. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4 around its hinge point, the second connecting rod 5 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5, the second connecting rod 5 remains parallel to the first connecting rod 4, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the tapping device, and then the tapping operation is performed to reduce the probability of the tapping device tilting during the tapping operation.

[0057] Step 4: When performing the nailing operation, pull the tapping device out of the guide tube 1, and insert the screw seat into the guide tube 1, and drive the first connecting rod 4 to rotate around its hinge point through the driving assembly 7. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4 around its hinge point, the second connecting rod 5 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5, it remains parallel to the first connecting rod 4, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the screw seat, and then the nailing operation is performed to reduce the probability of the screw seat tilting during the nailing operation.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, there is no need to prepare multiple guide tubes 1 with different diameters, which reduces the probability of taking, selecting or using the wrong guide tube 1 during surgery, thereby reducing surgical risks.

[0059] In this embodiment: one end of the first connecting rod 4 away from the guide tube 1 passes through the side wall of the guide tube 1 and extends along the radial direction of the guide tube 1;

[0060] The driving assembly 7 includes a threaded tube 8 sleeved on the guide tube 1, the inner wall of the threaded tube 8 is cut with an internal thread 9, the outer wall of the guide tube 1 is cut with an external thread 10 adapted to the internal thread 9, and the threaded tube 8 is threadedly connected to the guide tube 1 through the internal thread 9 and the external thread 10;

[0061] A support assembly 11 is installed on the support plate 2 , and the first connecting rod 4 can be kept against the bottom end of the threaded tube 8 under the action of the support assembly 11 .

[0062] In this solution: the first connecting rod 4 is extended radially along the guide tube 1 through the side wall of the guide tube 1 at one end away from the guide tube 1; the driving assembly 7 includes a threaded tube 8 sleeved on the guide tube 1, the inner wall of the threaded tube 8 is cut with an internal thread 9, and the outer wall of the guide tube 1 is cut with an external thread 10 that matches the internal thread 9, and the threaded tube 8 is threadedly connected to the guide tube 1 through the internal thread 9 and the external thread 10; a support assembly 11 is installed on the support plate 2, and the first connecting rod 4 can be kept against the bottom end of the threaded tube 8 under the action of the support assembly 11.

[0063] When performing a cortex breaking operation, the opener 33 is inserted into the guide tube 1, and the threaded tube 8 is rotated. The threaded tube 8 pushes the first connecting rod 4 to rotate around its hinge point. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4 around its hinge point, the second connecting rod 5 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5, the second connecting rod 5 remains parallel to the first connecting rod 4, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the opener 33, and then the cortex breaking operation is performed to reduce the probability of the opener 33 tilting during the cortex breaking operation.

[0064] When performing tapping operation, the opener 33 is pulled out of the guide tube 1, and the tapping device is inserted into the guide tube 1, and the threaded tube 8 is rotated. The threaded tube 8 pushes the first connecting rod 4 to rotate around its hinge point. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4 around its hinge point, the second connecting rod 5 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5, the second connecting rod 5 remains parallel to the first connecting rod 4, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the tapping device, and then the tapping operation is performed to reduce the probability of the tapping device tilting during the tapping operation.

[0065] When performing the nailing operation, the tapping device is pulled out of the guide tube 1, and the screw seat is inserted into the guide tube 1, and the threaded tube 8 is rotated. The threaded tube 8 pushes the first connecting rod 4 to rotate around its hinge point. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4 around its hinge point, the second connecting rod 5 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5, the second connecting rod 5 remains parallel to the first connecting rod 4, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the screw seat, and then the nailing operation is performed to reduce the probability of the screw seat tilting during the nailing operation.

[0066] In this embodiment: the cross section of the end of the first connecting rod 4 away from the guide tube 1 is circular, and a sleeve 12 is sleeved on the end of the first connecting rod 4 away from the guide tube 1;

[0067] The support assembly 11 includes a first set of rods 13 fixedly connected to the support plate 2, a slide rod 14 slidably connected to the first set of rods 13, the slide rod 14 extends along the length direction of the first set of rods 13, and one end of the slide rod 14 away from the first set of rods 13 is ball-connected to the sleeve 12;

[0068] A locking assembly 15 is installed between the slide bar 14 and the first set of bars 13 , and the slide bar 14 can be fixed on the first set of bars 13 under the action of the locking assembly 15 .

[0069] In this solution: the cross section of the end of the first connecting rod 4 away from the guide tube 1 is set to be circular, and the end of the first connecting rod 4 away from the guide tube 1 is sleeved with a sleeve 12; the support assembly 11 includes a first sleeve rod 13 fixedly connected to the support plate 2, and a sliding rod 14 is slidably connected to the first sleeve rod 13, and the sliding rod 14 extends along the length direction of the first sleeve rod 13, and the end of the sliding rod 14 away from the first sleeve rod 13 is ball-connected with the sleeve 12; a locking assembly 15 is installed between the sliding rod 14 and the first sleeve rod 13, and the sliding rod 14 can be fixed on the first sleeve rod 13 under the action of the locking assembly 15. A second spring 34 is arranged between the first sleeve rod 13 and the sliding rod 14, and the two ends of the second spring 34 are respectively against the side walls of the first sleeve rod 13 and the sliding rod 14.

[0070] When the locking assembly 15 is unlocked, the threaded tube 8 pushes the first connecting rod 4 to move, and the first connecting rod 4 pushes the slide bar 14 to slide in the first sleeve rod 13 through the sleeve 12. After reaching the set position, the slide bar 14 and the first sleeve rod 13 are locked by the locking assembly 15 to fix the position of the first connecting rod 4.

[0071] In this embodiment: the locking assembly 15 includes an insertion rod 16, the first sleeve rod 13 is provided with a first through hole 17 adapted to the insertion rod 16, the sliding rod 14 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 18 adapted to the insertion rod 16, and the plurality of second through holes 18 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the sliding rod 14. When the sliding rod 14 is locked with the first sleeve rod 13, one end of the insertion rod 16 passes through the first through hole 17 and the second through hole 18.

[0072] In this solution: a first through hole 17 compatible with the insertion rod 16 is opened on the first sleeve rod 13, and a plurality of second through holes 18 compatible with the insertion rod 16 are opened on the slide rod 14, and the plurality of second through holes 18 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the slide rod 14. When the slide rod 14 is locked with the first sleeve rod 13, one end of the insertion rod 16 passes through the first through hole 17 and the second through hole 18.

[0073] After the insertion rod 16 is pulled out of the second through hole 18, when the threaded tube 8 pushes the first connecting rod 4 to move, the first connecting rod 4 pushes the slide bar 14 to slide in the first sleeve rod 13 through the sleeve 12. After reaching the set position, one end of the insertion rod 16 is passed through the first through hole 17 and the second through hole 18, and the slide bar 14 and the first sleeve rod 13 are locked to fix the position of the first connecting rod 4.

[0074] In this embodiment: a tension spring 19 is sleeved on the insertion rod 16, and the two ends of the tension spring 19 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the first sleeve rod 13 and the insertion rod 16 respectively. When the tension spring 19 is in a naturally stretched state, one end of the insertion rod 16 passes through the first through hole 17 and the second through hole 18.

[0075] In this solution: a tension spring 19 is sleeved on the insertion rod 16, and both ends of the tension spring 19 are fixedly connected to the first sleeve rod 13 and the side wall of the insertion rod 16 respectively. When the tension spring 19 is in a naturally stretched state, one end of the insertion rod 16 passes through the first through hole 17 and the second through hole 18.

[0076] After the insertion rod 16 is pulled out of the second through hole 18, the tension spring 19 is in a stretched state, and when the threaded tube 8 pushes the first connecting rod 4 to move, the first connecting rod 4 pushes the slide bar 14 to slide in the first sleeve rod 13 through the sleeve 12. After reaching the set position, the insertion rod 16 is released, so that one end of the insertion rod 16 passes through the first through hole 17 and the second through hole 18 under the action of the tension spring 19, and the slide bar 14 and the first sleeve rod 13 are locked, so that the position of the first connecting rod 4 is fixed.

[0077] In this embodiment, a plurality of scale lines 20 are engraved on the slide bar 14 , and the plurality of scale lines 20 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the slide bar 14 .

[0078] In this solution, multiple scale lines 20 are engraved on the slide bar 14 and the multiple scale lines 20 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the slide bar 14 , so that the user can observe the moving distance of the slide bar 14 and then deduce the rotation angle of the first connecting rod 4 .

[0079] Embodiment 2:

[0080] See also Figure 7-13 The present invention provides a technical solution: a spinal nail guide device, comprising a support plate 2 and a guide tube 1 fixedly connected to the support plate 2, wherein a plurality of adjustment components 3 are installed in the guide tube 1, and the plurality of adjustment components 3 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the guide tube 1;

[0081] The adjusting assembly 3 comprises a first connecting rod 4 and a second connecting rod 5 hinged on the wall of the guide tube 1, the first connecting rod 4 is parallel to the second connecting rod 5, one end of the first connecting rod 4 and the second connecting rod 5 is located in the guide tube 1, a guide rod 6 is arranged in the guide tube 1, and both ends of the guide rod 6 are respectively hinged to one end of the first connecting rod 4 and the second connecting rod 5 located in the guide tube 1;

[0082] The guide tube 1 is provided with a driving assembly 7 , and the first connecting rod 4 can rotate around its hinge point under the action of the driving assembly 7 .

[0083] Working principle and usage:

[0084] Step 1: Insert the lower end of the guide tube 1 into the incision made in advance on the patient's body, so that the bottom surface of the support plate 2 fits against the patient's skin.

[0085] Step 2: When performing the cortex breaking operation, insert the opener 33 into the guide tube 1, and drive the second connecting rod 5 to rotate around its hinge point through the driving assembly 7. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5 around its hinge point, the first connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4, it remains parallel to the second connecting rod 5, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the opener 33, and then the cortex breaking operation is performed to reduce the probability of the opener 33 tilting during the cortex breaking operation.

[0086] Step three: When performing the tapping operation, pull the opener 33 out of the guide tube 1, and insert the tapping device into the guide tube 1, and drive the second connecting rod 5 to rotate around its hinge point through the driving assembly 7. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5 around its hinge point, the first connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4, the first connecting rod 4 remains parallel to the second connecting rod 5, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the tapping device, and then the tapping operation is performed to reduce the probability of the tapping device tilting during the tapping operation.

[0087] Step 4: When performing the nailing operation, pull the tapping device out of the guide tube 1, and insert the screw seat into the guide tube 1, and drive the second connecting rod 5 to rotate around its hinge point through the driving assembly 7. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5 around its hinge point, the first connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4, the first connecting rod 4 remains parallel to the second connecting rod 5, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the screw seat, and then the nailing operation is performed to reduce the probability of the screw seat tilting during the nailing operation.

[0088] Compared with the prior art, there is no need to prepare multiple guide tubes 1 with different diameters, which reduces the probability of taking, selecting or using the wrong guide tube 1 during surgery, thereby reducing surgical risks.

[0089] In this embodiment: the driving assembly 7 includes a connecting tube 21 sleeved on the guide tube 1, the guide tube 1 is provided with a groove 22 adapted to the connecting tube 21, the connecting tube 21 is rotatably connected in the groove 22, a second sleeve rod 23 is hinged on the guide tube 1, a pull rod 24 is slidably connected to the second sleeve rod 23, and one end of the pull rod 24 away from the second sleeve rod 23 is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod 5 located in the guide tube 1;

[0090] A pull rope 25 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 24, and a third through hole 26 adapted to the pull rope 25 is opened on the side wall of the second sleeve rod 23 and the guide tube 1, and one end of the pull rope 25 passes through the third through hole 26 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod;

[0091] An elastic component 27 is provided between the pull rod 24 and the second sleeve rod 23. When the elastic component 27 is in a naturally stretched state, the included angle between the second connecting rod 5 and the guide rod 6 is a right angle.

[0092] In this scheme: a groove 22 matched with the connecting tube 21 is opened on the guide tube 1, and the connecting tube 21 is rotatably connected in the groove 22; a second set of rods 23 is hinged on the guide tube 1, and a pull rod 24 is slidably connected to the second set of rods 23, and one end of the pull rod 24 away from the second set of rods 23 is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod 5 located in the guide tube 1; a pull rope 25 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 24, and a third through hole 26 matched with the pull rope 25 is opened on the side walls of the second set of rods 23 and the guide tube 1, and one end of the pull rope 25 passes through the third through hole 26 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod; an elastic component 27 is arranged between the pull rod 24 and the second set of rods 23, and when the elastic component 27 is in a naturally stretched state, the angle between the second connecting rod 5 and the guide rod 6 is a right angle.

[0093] When performing a cortex breaking operation, the opener 33 is inserted into the guide tube 1, and the connecting tube 21 is rotated. The connecting tube 21 pulls the pull rod 24 through the pull rope 25 to slide in the second sleeve 12, and pulls the second connecting rod 5 to rotate around its hinge point. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5 around its hinge point, the first connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4, the first connecting rod 4 remains parallel to the second connecting rod 5, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the opener 33, and then the cortex breaking operation is performed to reduce the probability of the opener 33 tilting during the cortex breaking operation.

[0094] When performing the tapping operation, the opener 33 is pulled out of the guide tube 1, and the tapping device is inserted into the guide tube 1, and the connecting tube 21 is rotated. The connecting tube 21 pulls the pull rod 24 through the pull rope 25 to slide in the second sleeve 12, and pulls the second connecting rod 5 to rotate around its hinge point. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5 around its hinge point, the first connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4, the first connecting rod 4 remains parallel to the second connecting rod 5, so that the multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the tapping device, and then the tapping operation is performed to reduce the probability of the tapping device tilting during the tapping operation.

[0095] When performing the nailing operation, the tapping device is pulled out of the guide tube 1, and the seat of the screw is inserted into the guide tube 1, and the connecting tube 21 is rotated. The connecting tube 21 pulls the pull rod 24 through the pull rope 25 to slide in the second sleeve 12, and pulls the second connecting rod 5 to rotate around its hinge point. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5 around its hinge point, the first connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4, it remains parallel to the second connecting rod 5, so that multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time, and multiple guide rods 6 move radially along the guide tube 1 at the same time until the encirclement formed by the multiple guide rods 6 is adapted to the size of the seat of the screw, and then the nailing operation is performed to reduce the probability of the screw seat tilting during the nailing operation.

[0096] In this embodiment: the elastic component 27 includes a first spring 28, the two ends of the first spring 28 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the second rod 23 and the pull rod 24 respectively, the first spring 28 is in a naturally stretched state, and the pull rod 24 is located at the end of the second rod 23 away from the guide tube 1.

[0097] In this solution, by fixing the two ends of the first spring 28 to the side walls of the second rod 23 and the pull rod 24 respectively, the first spring 28 is in a naturally stretched state, and the pull rod 24 is located at the end of the second rod 23 away from the guide tube 1.

[0098] The pull rod 24 abuts against the second sleeve 12 under the action of the first spring 28, so that the pull rope 25 remains in a tensioned state during the pulling process.

[0099] In this embodiment: a limiting rod 29 is installed on the connecting tube 21, a first limiting hole 30 adapted to the limiting rod 29 is opened on the connecting tube 21, a plurality of second limiting holes 31 adapted to the limiting rod 29 are opened on the guide tube 1, and the plurality of second limiting holes 31 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the guide tube 1. When the connecting tube 21 and the guide tube 1 are locked, one end of the limiting rod 29 passes through the first limiting hole 30 and the second limiting hole 31.

[0100] In this solution: by installing a limiting rod 29 on the connecting tube 21, a first limiting hole 30 adapted to the limiting rod 29 is opened on the connecting tube 21, and a plurality of second limiting holes 31 adapted to the limiting rod 29 are opened on the guide tube 1, and the plurality of second limiting holes 31 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the guide tube 1. When the connecting tube 21 and the guide tube 1 are locked, one end of the limiting rod 29 passes through the first limiting hole 30 and the second limiting hole 31.

[0101] After the limiting rod 29 is pulled out of the second limiting hole 31, the connecting tube 21 is rotated, and the connecting tube 21 pulls the pull rod 24 to slide in the second sleeve 12 through the pull rope 25, pulling the second connecting rod 5 to rotate around its hinge point. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 5 around its hinge point, the first connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate through the guide rod 6. During the rotation of the first connecting rod 4, it remains parallel to the second connecting rod 5, so that multiple guide rods 6 move simultaneously along the radial direction of the guide tube 1. After reaching the set position, the limiting rod 29 is inserted into the first limiting hole 30 and the second limiting hole 31, locking the connecting tube 21 and the guide tube 1, so that the position of the second connecting rod 5 is fixed.

[0102] In this embodiment, a plurality of anti-slip grooves 32 are fixedly connected to the connecting tube 21 , and the plurality of anti-slip grooves 32 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the connecting tube 21 .

[0103] In this solution, a plurality of anti-slip grooves 32 are fixedly connected to the connecting tube 21, and the plurality of anti-slip grooves 32 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the connecting tube 21. The plurality of anti-slip grooves 32 can reduce the probability of slipping when the user rotates the connecting tube 21.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spinal nail guide device, comprising a support plate (2) and a guide tube (1) fixedly connected to the support plate (2), characterized in that: A plurality of adjustment components (3) are installed in the guide tube (1), and the plurality of adjustment components (3) are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the guide tube (1); The adjustment assembly (3) comprises a first connecting rod (4) and a second connecting rod (5) which are hinged on the wall of the guide tube (1); the first connecting rod (4) is parallel to the second connecting rod (5); one end of the first connecting rod (4) and the second connecting rod (5) are located in the guide tube (1); a guide rod (6) is arranged in the guide tube (1); two ends of the guide rod (6) are respectively hinged to one end of the first connecting rod (4) and the second connecting rod (5) located in the guide tube (1); A driving assembly (7) is installed on the guide tube (1), and the first connecting rod (4) can rotate around its hinge point under the action of the driving assembly (7).

2. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first connecting rod (4) away from the inside of the guide tube (1) passes through the side wall of the guide tube (1) and extends in the radial direction of the guide tube (1); The driving assembly (7) comprises a threaded tube (8) sleeved on the guide tube (1), the inner wall of the threaded tube (8) is cut with an internal thread (9), the outer wall of the guide tube (1) is cut with an external thread (10) matching the internal thread (9), and the threaded tube (8) is threadedly connected to the guide tube (1) via the internal thread (9) and the external thread (10); A support assembly (11) is installed on the support plate (2), and the first connecting rod (4) can be kept in contact with the bottom end of the threaded tube (8) under the action of the support assembly (11).

3. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the end of the first connecting rod (4) away from the guide tube (1) is circular, and a sleeve (12) is sleeved on the end of the first connecting rod (4) away from the guide tube (1); The support assembly (11) comprises a first set of rods (13) fixedly connected to the support plate (2), a sliding rod (14) being slidably connected to the first set of rods (13), the sliding rod (14) extending along the length direction of the first set of rods (13), and one end of the sliding rod (14) away from the first set of rods (13) being spherically connected to the sleeve (12); A locking assembly (15) is installed between the slide bar (14) and the first set of bars (13), and the slide bar (14) can be fixed on the first set of bars (13) under the action of the locking assembly (15).

4. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly (15) comprises an insertion rod (16), the first sleeve rod (13) is provided with a first through hole (17) adapted to the insertion rod (16), the sliding rod (14) is provided with a plurality of second through holes (18) adapted to the insertion rod (16), the plurality of second through holes (18) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the sliding rod (14), and when the sliding rod (14) is locked with the first sleeve rod (13), one end of the insertion rod (16) passes through the first through hole (17) and the second through hole (18).

5. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insertion rod (16) is sleeved with a tension spring (19), and the two ends of the tension spring (19) are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the first sleeve rod (13) and the insertion rod (16). When the tension spring (19) is in a naturally stretched state, one end of the insertion rod (16) passes through the first through hole (17) and the second through hole (18).

6. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slide bar (14) is engraved with a plurality of scale lines (20), and the plurality of scale lines (20) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the slide bar (14).

7. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (7) comprises a connecting tube (21) sleeved on the guide tube (1); a groove (22) matching the connecting tube (21) is provided on the guide tube (1); the connecting tube (21) is rotatably connected in the groove (22); a second sleeve rod (23) is hingedly connected to the guide tube (1); a pull rod (24) is slidably connected to the second sleeve rod (23); an end of the pull rod (24) away from the second sleeve rod (23) is hingedly connected to an end of the second connecting rod (5) located in the guide tube (1); A pull rope (25) is fixedly connected to the pull rod (24), and a third through hole (26) adapted to the pull rope (25) is provided on the side wall of the second sleeve rod (23) and the guide tube (1), and one end of the pull rope (25) passes through the third through hole (26) and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod; An elastic component (27) is provided between the pull rod (24) and the second sleeve rod (23); when the elastic component (27) is in a naturally extended state, the angle between the second connecting rod (5) and the guide rod (6) is a right angle.

8. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic component (27) comprises a first spring (28), the two ends of which are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the second rod (23) and the pull rod (24); when the first spring (28) is in a naturally extended state, the pull rod (24) is located at an end of the second rod (23) away from the guide tube (1).

9. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting rod (29) is installed on the connecting tube (21), and a first limiting hole (30) matched with the limiting rod (29) is provided on the connecting tube (21). A plurality of second limiting holes (31) matched with the limiting rod (29) are provided on the guiding tube (1), and the plurality of second limiting holes (31) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the guiding tube (1). When the connecting tube (21) and the guiding tube (1) are locked, one end of the limiting rod (29) passes through the first limiting hole (30) and the second limiting hole (31).

10. The spinal nail guide device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of anti-slip grooves (32) are fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (21), and the plurality of anti-slip grooves (32) are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the connecting pipe (21).

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