Intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument

Abstract

The invention discloses an intracranial puncture guiding and positioning instrument which comprises a base, a positioning guiding rod, an auxiliary guiding rod, a right-angle triangular extension ruler, an I-shaped ruler and a T-shaped ruler. The base comprises a base, a pillow support assembly, a forehead nail assembly and a base main rod; the pillow support assembly is mounted on the base; the two ends of the base main rod are installed on the pillow support assembly and the forehead nail assembly respectively. The positioning guide rod is provided with a first puncture hole channel, and two ends are provided with first tenons. A second tenon is mounted at the end part of the auxiliary guide rod; a first groove matched with the first tenon is formed in one acute angle of the right-angle triangular extension scale, and a second groove matched with the second tenon is formed in the right angle of the right-angle triangular extension scale. Accurate positioning and guiding of an intracranial target spot can be achieved, the structure is simple, operation is convenient, particularly, the main body frame is located in the middle line, shielding for intraoperative operation is little, and operation of an operator is greatly facilitated.

Description

[0001] This application claims the priority of application number: "202311809598.4" and filing date: "December 26, 2023" Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an intracranial puncture guiding and positioning instrument. Background Art

[0003] In the prior art, the following methods are often used for cranial puncture positioning and guidance: 1. Blind puncture method with cranial CT to locate intracranial targets and mark scalp puncture points (mostly used by grassroots units): This method requires patients to undergo CT examination to measure the three-dimensional position of intracranial targets (cerebral hemorrhage). In practice, the operation is to mark the scalp puncture points, adjust the angles according to experience, and puncture the intracranial targets through the scalp marking points by hand without auxiliary guiding devices. The disadvantage is that the marking points are separated from the target points, and it is difficult to combine the two by hand, resulting in failure of puncture deviation from the target point. The repeatability is poor and it is not suitable for clinical promotion. 2. Puncture method under CT guidance: This method requires operation in the CT room. The method has more CT detection than the blind puncture method. Although the CT is detected in time, it is actually to adjust the direction again after the puncture direction deviates from the puncture direction, rather than guiding the next time. Therefore, there are still the disadvantages of separation of the target and the puncture point, poor repeatability, and the sterile environment cannot be achieved when the surgical operation is performed in the CT room. It also has the disadvantage of passively receiving more radiation. 3. Frame-type cranial stereotactic instrument method: This method was originally used for brain electrode implantation to locate cerebral hemorrhage puncture. The process is cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive, the operation is complicated, and the equipment is expensive. Only a few central hospitals have such equipment, and it has not been widely promoted at the grassroots level. 4. Neuronavigation positioning method: The operation is complicated and the equipment is expensive. It has not been promoted as a grassroots emergency measure for cerebral hemorrhage. 5. Robot navigation: The positioning is accurate, the equipment is expensive, and it is difficult to promote it as a grassroots emergency measure for cerebral hemorrhage. 6. 3D printing post-assisted method: The process is reviewed, it is time-consuming, and it is not suitable for emergency surgery; it is expensive and not suitable for grassroots promotion.

[0004] The existing technology has the following shortcomings, which need to be improved: 1. The puncture point is separated from the target point, the puncture accuracy is poor, and it is difficult to replicate technically. 2. With the help of high-end equipment, the accuracy of puncture is improved, but the operation is cumbersome, the equipment is expensive, and it takes a long time, which makes it difficult to use for emergency treatment and promote it at the grassroots level.

[0005] Therefore, a simple intracranial puncture guide locator suitable for emergency application and easy to promote at the grassroots level was designed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an intracranial puncture guide positioning device, comprising:

[0008] The base comprises a base, a pillow support assembly, a brow nail assembly and a base main rod; the pillow support assembly is mounted on the base; two ends of the base main rod are respectively mounted on the pillow support assembly and the brow nail assembly, and the angle between the base main rod and the base is adjustable;

[0009] A positioning guide rod is slidably fitted on the main rod of the base; a first tenon is installed at the end of the positioning guide rod; and a first puncture channel is opened on the positioning guide rod;

[0010] An auxiliary guide rod is slidably fitted on the main rod of the base; a second tenon is installed at the end of the auxiliary guide rod;

[0011] A right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, wherein a first groove adapted to the first tenon is provided at one acute angle of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, a second puncture hole is provided at another acute angle, and a second groove adapted to the second tenon is provided at a right angle;

[0012] Wherein, a telescopic I-shaped ruler and a telescopic T-shaped ruler are slidably matched on the main rod of the base.

[0013] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the pillow support assembly includes a pillow support body, the pillow support body is installed on the base through a lifting pillow support rod, and the lifting pillow support rod is installed at one end of the base main rod through a second adjustment sleeve; the pillow support body is overall "spoon" shaped, and the top surface of the pillow support body is adapted to the shape of the occipital part of the human skull.

[0014] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the frontal nail assembly comprises:

[0015] A brow nail rod, the brow nail rod is mounted on one end of the base main rod through a first adjustment sleeve;

[0016] A head nail is detachably connected to the brow nail rod, and the tip of the head nail faces the base.

[0017] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler comprises a first right-angle ruler, a second right-angle ruler and an oblique ruler; the first right-angle ruler, the second right-angle ruler and the oblique ruler are connected end to end in sequence;

[0018] The first square is fixedly connected to the second square with an included angle of 90°; the second groove is provided at the connection between the first square and the second square;

[0019] The first square and the second square are respectively hinged to two ends of the inclined ruler;

[0020] The first groove is formed at the connection between the first square and the inclined ruler, and the second puncture channel is formed at the connection between the second square and the inclined ruler;

[0021] The first square, the second square and the inclined ruler are all telescopic structures, and fixing screws are installed on the first square, the second square and the inclined ruler. Except for the right angle of the right-angle triangle telescopic ruler which is fixed at 90°, the degrees of the other two angles can change with the extension and retraction of the first square, the second square and the inclined ruler.

[0022] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, a sliding sleeve is installed on the positioning guide rod and the auxiliary guide rod, and the sliding sleeve is slidably mounted on the base main rod. A positioning bolt is installed on the sliding sleeve, and the positioning bolt is detachably connected to the outer wall of the base main rod.

[0023] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the lifting pillow support rod includes a bearing plate and a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is installed on the base, the bearing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic rod, the pillow support body is fixedly installed on the bearing plate, and one end of the base main rod is installed on the bearing plate through the second adjustment sleeve.

[0024] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the cross-sections of the first tenon and the first groove are both isosceles triangles, and the cross-sections of the second tenon and the second groove are both circular.

[0025] According to the intracranial puncture guide and positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the diameter of the first puncture channel is 2.5 mm to 4 mm.

[0026] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the base main rod, the first square, the second square, the inclined ruler, the positioning guide rod and the auxiliary guide rod are all provided with scales.

[0027] Furthermore, the telescopic I-shaped ruler comprises an I-shaped ruler seat, a first rocker arm, a second rocker arm, a positioning rod, a first transfer rod and a second transfer rod, one end of the first rocker arm is connected to the I-shaped ruler seat through the first transfer rod, the other end of the first rocker arm is rotatably connected to one end of the second rocker arm, and the other end of the second rocker arm is connected to the positioning rod through the second transfer rod. The positioning rod is parallel to the I-shaped ruler seat.

[0028] The invention discloses an intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument, which is composed of a frontal nail assembly, a base main rod, an occipital nail assembly, an oblique positioning assembly, a telescopic I-ruler and a telescopic T-ruler. The frontal nail assembly, the occipital nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly are all arranged on the base main rod, and the telescopic I-ruler and the telescopic T-ruler can be connected to the base main rod.

[0029] Furthermore, the pillow nail assembly includes a pillow nail, a pillow nail rod and a third adjustment sleeve. The pillow nail is rotatably set at one end of the pillow nail rod, and the tip of the pillow nail faces the head nail; the third adjustment sleeve is set at the other end of the pillow nail rod, and the pillow nail is used to connect the middle part of the occipital bone.

[0030] Further, the inclined main rod comprises an inclined rod body, a third slide groove and a fourth slide groove, the third slide groove and the fourth slide groove are both arranged on the inclined rod body, the third slide groove and the fourth slide groove both penetrate the inclined rod body, and the third slide groove and the fourth slide groove are perpendicular to each other. The inclined rod body is a square column.

[0031] Furthermore, the inclined main rod also includes a locking bolt and a positioning nut. The locking bolt is arranged at one end of the inclined rod body, and the positioning nut can be threadedly connected with the locking bolt. The locking bolt can pass through the second slide groove, and tightening the positioning nut can connect the inclined main rod with the base main rod and prevent the angle between the inclined main rod and the base main rod from changing.

[0032] Furthermore, it also includes a supporting structure; the supporting structure includes a supporting rod, a first supporting bolt and a first supporting nut, the first supporting bolt is arranged on the supporting rod, the first supporting nut is arranged on the first supporting bolt, one end of the supporting rod is connected to the main rod of the base, the other end of the supporting rod is inserted into the third sliding groove and connected to the inclined rod body, the first supporting bolt is inserted into the fourth sliding groove, and the first supporting nut is tightened to fix the support rod and the inclined rod body.

[0033] Furthermore, the supporting structure also includes a second supporting bolt and a second supporting nut. The second supporting bolt is arranged on the supporting slot of the supporting rod, and the second supporting nut is arranged on the second supporting bolt. The second supporting bolt can pass through the second slot and be connected to the main rod body. By tightening the second supporting nut, the second supporting nut and the second supporting bolt can clamp the supporting rod and the main rod of the base, keep the supporting rod and the main rod of the base fixedly connected, further strengthen the connection between the inclined main rod and the main rod of the base, and prevent the change of the angle between the inclined main rod and the main rod of the base.

[0034] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0035] The present invention slides with a telescopic I-shaped ruler and a telescopic T-shaped ruler on the main rod of the base. The telescopic I-shaped ruler has two parallel "I" ends. When in use, one of the "I" ends of the telescopic I-shaped ruler adjusts its position along the main rod of the base, and the other "I" end coincides with the OM line, so that the position of the main rod of the base and the OM line can be adjusted, thereby meeting the intraoperative requirements; the "I" end of the telescopic T-shaped ruler adjusts its position along the main rod of the base, and the "T" end of the telescopic T-shaped ruler is stuck on the external auditory canal, thereby achieving the starting point of positioning - "0"; that is, the intersection point of the midline of the skull and the line connecting the two external auditory canals is used as the "0" point for positioning measurement. The accuracy of the measurement data is achieved. Since the skull surface is an arc structure and the scalp is a soft tissue structure, data is obtained from CT and other images and then measured on the skull surface, thereby avoiding inaccurate positioning or even puncture errors caused by errors in the measurement of the skin, bones and skull curvature when measuring from any point. The present invention establishes a three-dimensional space in the midline area of ​​the skull through a guide positioning rod, an auxiliary guide rod, a right-angle triangular telescopic ruler and a base main rod, so that component installation and data measurement have a basis and a platform, providing support for "data reproduction" from image acquisition.

[0036] The present invention can achieve accurate measurement of the target and guidance through the coordinated use of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, the positioning guide rod and the auxiliary guide rod; the positioning guide rod accurately locates the target under the guidance of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, and the puncture accurately reaches the target without calculating the exact position of the puncture entry point on the skull surface, which is consistent with the precise effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, and realizes the integration of precise positioning of the target and simplified operation.

[0037] The present invention adjusts the position of the positioning guide rod and the auxiliary guide rod along the main rod of the base to change the puncture point into the skull without affecting the accurate puncture target point. The frame is installed in the midline area, and the structure is simple, which has little obstruction to the puncture operation during the operation, greatly facilitating the operator's operation and improving the convenience of operation.

[0038] The positioning guide rod of the present invention is provided with a first puncture channel, which is convenient for forehead positioning puncture operation. A pillow support assembly and a forehead nail assembly are arranged to cooperate with each other, that is, the pillow support is combined with a single nail to fix the patient's skull, and the fixation effect is good. Compared with other devices with three or four nails, invasive operations are reduced and comfortable medical treatment is provided.

[0039] The present invention can accurately measure the cerebellar target and guide it through the coordinated use of the frontal nail assembly, the base main rod, the occipital nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly; the oblique main rod, the oblique vertical rod and the third puncture channel of the oblique positioning assembly can reconstruct the angle between the target line and the sagittal plane, and can accurately reach the target through puncture without CT intervention, which is consistent with the precise effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, and realizes the integration of precise positioning of the target and simplified operation;

[0040] The support structure of the present invention can fix the support rod and the oblique rod body; the second support nut and the second support bolt can clamp the support rod and the base main rod, keep the support rod and the base main rod fixedly connected, further strengthen the connection between the oblique main rod and the base main rod, and prevent the angle between the oblique main rod and the base main rod from changing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning guide rod, the auxiliary guide rod and the base main rod of Example 1;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a right-angle triangular telescopic ruler according to Example 1;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a telescopic I-ruler and a telescopic T-ruler of Example 1;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning guide rod of Example 1;

[0047] Figure 6 is a stereogram of Example 1;

[0048] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the coordinate system under CT;

[0050] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the main rod of the base of Example 2;

[0051] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning guide rod of Example 2;

[0052] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the auxiliary guide rod of Example 2;

[0053] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler of Example 2;

[0054] Fig.13This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the telescopic I-beam ruler of Example 2;

[0055] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the telescopic T-shaped ruler of Example 2;

[0056] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second adjusting sleeve;

[0057] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the brow nail assembly of Example 2;

[0058] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate system under the locator;

[0059] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the locator target positioning;

[0060] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 3;

[0061] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pillow nail assembly;

[0062] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the oblique positioning component;

[0063] Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the support structure.

[0064] Among them, 1. base; 2. main rod of base; 3. positioning guide rod; 4. first tenon; 5. first puncture channel; 6. auxiliary guide rod; 7. second tenon; 8. first groove; 9. second puncture channel; 10. second groove; 11. pillow support body; 12. second adjustment sleeve; 14. brow nail rod; 15. first adjustment sleeve; 16. head nail; 17. first square; 18. second square; 19. bevel; 20. fixing screw; 21. sliding sleeve; 22. positioning bolt; 23. bearing plate; 24. telescopic rod; 25. scale; 26. first locking nut; 27. connecting bolt; 2 8. Second locking nut; 29. ​​Pillow nail; 30. Pillow nail rod; 31. Main rod body; 32. First slide slot; 33. Second slide slot; 34. Fixed column; 35. Limit block; 36. Fixed nut; 37. First limit nut; 38. Second limit nut; 39. Third adjustment sleeve; 41. I-shaped ruler seat; 42. First rocker arm; 43. Second rocker arm; 44. Positioning rod; 45. First transfer rod; 46. Second transfer rod; 51. T-shaped ruler seat; 52. Third rocker arm; 53. Fourth rocker arm; 54. Positioning nail; 55. Third transfer rod; 56. Fourth transfer rod; 60. Oblique main rod; 61 , oblique vertical rod; 62, fourth adjustment sleeve; 63, oblique positioning rod; 64, third puncture channel; 65, support rod; 66, first support bolt; 67, first support nut; 68, second support bolt; 69, second support nut; 121, adjustment block; 122, second mounting slot; 123, second adjustment bolt; 151, first cylinder body; 152, first mounting slot; 153, adjustment slider; 154, first adjustment bolt; 171, first right angle section; 172, second right angle section; 173, third right angle section; 174, acute angle hole; 181, fourth right angle section; 182, fifth right angle section Angle section; 183, the sixth right-angle section; 184, the connecting convex ring; 191, the first oblique ruler section; 192, the second oblique ruler section; 193, the third oblique ruler section; 194, the oblique ruler hole; 391, the third cylinder body; 392, the third mounting groove; 393, the third adjusting bolt; 601, the oblique rod body; 602, the third slide groove; 603, the fourth slide groove; 604, the locking bolt; 605, the positioning nut; 606, the positioning block; 607, the third limiting nut; 608, the fourth limiting nut; 621, the fourth cylinder body; 622, the fourth mounting groove; 623, the positioning slider; 624, the fourth adjusting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0067] Embodiment 1:

[0068] Reference Figure 1-6 The present invention provides an intracranial puncture guide positioning device, comprising:

[0069] The base comprises a base 1, a pillow support assembly, a brow nail assembly and a base main rod 2; the pillow support assembly is mounted on the base 1; two ends of the base main rod 2 are respectively mounted on the pillow support assembly and the brow nail assembly, and the angle between the base main rod 2 and the base 1 is adjustable; Figure 1 The middle dotted line represents the line connecting the two external auditory canals.

[0070] The positioning guide rod 3 is slidably fitted on the base main rod 2; a first tenon 4 is installed at the end of the positioning guide rod 3; a first puncture channel 5 is opened on the positioning guide rod 3; the first puncture channel 5 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the positioning guide rod 3.

[0071] The auxiliary guide rod 6 is slidably fitted on the base main rod 2 ; a second tenon 7 is installed at the end of the auxiliary guide rod 6 .

[0072] A right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, wherein a first groove 8 matched with a first tenon 4 is provided at one acute angle thereof, a second puncture hole 9 is provided at another acute angle thereof, and a second groove 10 matched with a second tenon 7 is provided at a right angle thereof.

[0073] Among them, a telescopic I-shaped ruler and a telescopic T-shaped ruler are slidably matched on the main rod 2 of the base; the base 1 is a rectangular flat plate structure, which is used to improve the overall stability of the device.

[0074] With such arrangement, the present invention has a telescopic I-ruler and a telescopic T-ruler slidingly fitted on the base main rod 2. The telescopic I-ruler has two parallel "I" ends. When in use, one of the "I" ends of the telescopic I-ruler is adjusted along the base main rod 2, and the other "I" end coincides with the OM line, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the base main rod 2 and the OM line (the OM line is the line from the outer edge of the orbit to the ipsilateral external auditory canal, which is often used as the baseline for measurement in cranial surgery), thereby meeting the intraoperative requirements; the "I" end of the telescopic T-ruler is adjusted along the base main rod 2, and the "T" end of the telescopic T-ruler is stuck on the external auditory canal, thereby realizing the starting point of positioning; the intersection of the midline of the skull and the line connecting the two external auditory canals is used as the "0" point for positioning measurement, thereby improving data accuracy. Since the skull surface is an arc-shaped structure and the scalp is a soft tissue structure, data is acquired from CT and other images and then measured on the skull surface, thereby avoiding puncture errors caused by errors in the measurement of the skin, bones and skull curvature when measuring from any point. The present invention establishes a three-dimensional space to provide a basis and platform for component installation and data measurement, thereby providing support for realizing "data reproduction" of image acquisition.

[0075] The present invention can accurately measure the target point and guide it by using the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler in combination with the positioning guide rod and the auxiliary guide rod; the positioning guide rod 3 accurately locates the target point under the guidance of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, and accurately reaches the target point without calculating the exact position of the puncture entry point on the skull surface, which is consistent with the precise effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, and realizes the integration of precise positioning of the target point and simplified operation. The guidance and positioning are accurate, the equipment is simple, and the effect is good.

[0076] The present invention adjusts the position of the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 along the base main rod 2, so as to change the puncture point into the skull without affecting the accurate puncture target point, with less obstruction to the puncture operation during the operation, greatly facilitating the operator's operation and improving the convenience of operation.

[0077] The positioning guide rod of the present invention is provided with a first puncture hole 5, which is convenient for positioning puncture operation. The pillow support assembly and the frontal nail assembly are arranged to cooperate with each other to fix the patient's skull, with good fixation effect, effectively reducing invasive operations and providing comfortable medical treatment.

[0078] A further optimized solution is that the pillow support assembly includes a pillow support body 11, which is installed on the base 1 through a lifting pillow support rod, and the lifting pillow support rod is installed on one end of the base main rod 2 through a second adjusting sleeve 12; the pillow support body 11 is overall "spoon"-shaped, and the top surface of the pillow support body 11 is adapted to the shape of the occipital part of the human skull; the occipital part of the human skull is fixed and supported by the pillow support body 11, reducing the invasive operation of the head nail.

[0079] Further optimization scheme, the front nail assembly includes:

[0080] A front nail rod 14, which is mounted on one end of the base main rod 2 through a first adjustment sleeve 15;

[0081] The head nail 16 is detachably connected to the forehead nail rod 14, and the tip of the head nail 16 faces the base 1; the extension length of the forehead nail rod 14 is adjusted by the first adjusting sleeve 15, and then the position of the head nail 16 is adjusted, and the center part of the forehead is fixed by the head nail 16.

[0082] A further optimized solution is that the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler comprises a first right-angle ruler 17, a second right-angle ruler 18 and an oblique ruler 19; the first right-angle ruler 17, the second right-angle ruler 18 and the oblique ruler 19 are connected end to end in sequence;

[0083] The first square 17 is fixedly connected to the second square 18 with an angle of 90°; a second groove 10 is provided at the connection between the first square 17 and the second square 18;

[0084] The first square 17 and the second square 18 are hinged to the two ends of the inclined ruler 19 respectively;

[0085] A first groove 8 is provided at the connection between the first square 17 and the oblique ruler 19, and a second puncture channel 9 is provided at the connection between the second square 18 and the oblique ruler 19;

[0086] The first square 17, the second square 18 and the bevel ruler 19 are all telescopic structures, and fixing screws 20 are installed on the first square 17, the second square 18 and the bevel ruler 19. The telescopic structure is limited by the fixing screws 20, thereby realizing the length adjustment of the first square 17, the second square 18 and the bevel ruler 19.

[0087] To further optimize the solution, a sliding sleeve 21 is installed on the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6. The sliding sleeve 21 is slidably mounted on the base main rod 2. A positioning bolt 22 is installed on the sliding sleeve 21. The positioning bolt 22 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the base main rod 2; the horizontal position and vertical position of the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 are adjusted and limited by the positioning bolt 22.

[0088] A further optimized solution is that the lifting pillow support rod includes a bearing plate 23 and a telescopic rod 24, the telescopic rod 24 is installed on the base 1, the bearing plate 23 is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic rod 24, the pillow support body 11 is fixedly installed on the bearing plate 23, and one end of the base main rod 2 is installed on the bearing plate 23 through the second adjusting sleeve 12.

[0089] According to a further optimization scheme, the cross-sections of the first tenon 4 and the first groove 8 are both isosceles triangles, and the cross-sections of the second tenon 7 and the second groove 10 are both circular;

[0090] The vertex angle of the isosceles triangle of the first tenon 4 is parallel to the first puncture channel 5, and the direction of the line from the center point of the base of the isosceles triangle to the vertex angle is always consistent with the length direction of the first puncture channel 5; the vertex angle of the isosceles triangle of the first groove 8 points to the inclined ruler 19, and the operation of locking the puncture of the first puncture channel 5 can be achieved in conjunction with the right-angled triangular telescopic ruler, providing convenience for puncture positioning.

[0091] According to a further optimized solution, the diameter of the first puncture channel 5 is 2.5 mm to 4 mm.

[0092] To further optimize the solution, scales 25 are provided on the base main rod 2, the first square 17, the second square 18, the bevel ruler 19, the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 to improve the accuracy of operation.

[0093] Steps:

[0094] Through image reconstruction and measurement after CT scanning of the head, the value X between the center of the target and the line connecting the bilateral external auditory canals is obtained in the horizontal plane (i.e., the distance between the installation guide positioning auxiliary rod and "0"); the value Y between the center of the target and the midline of the skull is obtained in the coronal plane (i.e., the distance between the first puncture channel 5 for puncturing the positioning guide rod and the center of the main rod of the base); and the value Z between the center of the target (parallel to the orbital-auricular line) and the top of the skull is obtained in the sagittal plane (i.e., the distance of the second right-angle ruler 18 when the triangle ruler is installed = the distance between the second groove and the second puncture channel).

[0095] The patient lies supine. 1. Use a marker to mark the midline of the head (the sagittal line from the brow to the external occipital protuberance); 2. Mark the OM line (the line connecting the lateral edge of the orbit and the external auditory canal on the same side); 3. Mark the coronal suture (the suture between the frontal bone and the parietal bone, which can be felt on the body surface). Draw the three lines and keep them for later use. Place the patient's occipital region on the pillow support body 11;

[0096] The main rod 2 of the base crosses the top of the head along the drawn midline, and the head nail 16 is tightened and fixed on the forehead skull (local anesthesia is performed in advance on the forehead nail site). At this time, one end of the telescopic I-beam ruler is placed in the longitudinal groove of the main rod 2 of the base, and the other end is observed to see whether it overlaps with the OM line. If it does, adjust the second adjustment sleeve 12 and the first adjustment sleeve 15 and the main rod 2 of the base to make them parallel. At this point, the base is installed and fixed.

[0097] Then place the "-" end of the telescopic T-shaped ruler in the longitudinal groove of the main rod, and adjust the position along the main rod 2 of the base so that the other end is stuck in the external auditory canal. At this time, the T-shaped intersection of the telescopic T-shaped ruler and the main rod is the "0" point. Mark it on the main rod 2 of the base.

[0098] The positioning guide rod 3 is initially installed on the main rod of the base, and the position is located at an arbitrary position between the coronal suture line and the forehead nail (based on the concept of the first safety zone in neurosurgery), and the three data of the three-dimensional direction collected by the head CT are "reproduced" on the guide positioning instrument in sequence. According to the data X, the placement position of the auxiliary guide rod 6 is marked on the main rod of the base 2 and installed and fixed (bull's eye side); according to the data Y, the distance between the first puncture channel 5 and the main rod of the base 2 is marked on the positioning guide rod 3, and the positioning guide rod 3 is installed and fixed on the main rod of the base 2 (bull's eye side). According to the data Z, the length of the second square ruler 18 is adjusted and fixed, and the first square ruler 17 and the bevel ruler 19 are kept loose and retractable.

[0099] At this time, the handheld right-angle triangular telescopic ruler is hung on the top of the same side of the lesion of the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 (both on the left and on the right). That is, the first tenon 4 corresponds to the first groove 8, and the second tenon 7 corresponds to the second groove 10.

[0100] At this point, the first puncture channel 5 of the positioning guide rod 3 is parallel to the inclined ruler 19, the bolt 22 is tightened, and the puncture along the first puncture channel 5 reaches the center of the target, and the operation is completed.

[0101] In addition, the second puncture channel 9 at this time can also be used as a temporal puncture channel for accurate puncture.

[0102] Embodiment 2:

[0103] Another specific embodiment of the present invention improves the telescopic I-ruler and telescopic T-ruler of embodiment 1 to prevent the telescopic I-ruler and telescopic T-ruler from axial deflection.

[0104] Preferably, Figure 7 As shown, the base includes a base 1, a pillow support assembly, a forehead nail assembly and a base main rod 2; the pillow support assembly is installed on the base 1; the two ends of the base main rod 2 are respectively provided with a pillow support assembly and a forehead nail assembly, and the angle between the base main rod 2 and the base 1 is adjustable.

[0105] like Figure 8As shown in the figure, before performing intracranial puncture surgery, the lesion, i.e., the bull's eye, needs to be firstly positioned by CT. In medicine, the coordinates of the bull's eye are usually established based on three positioning planes. The positioning planes include the sagittal plane 101, the OM plane 102, and the coronal plane 103. The sagittal plane 101 is the plane where the midline of the brain is located, the OM plane 102 is the plane where the outer edge of the orbit is located to the external auditory canal, and the coronal plane 103 is the plane perpendicular to both the sagittal plane 101 and the OM plane 102. The midline of the two external auditory canals is on the coronal plane 103. The distance from the bull's eye to the sagittal plane 101 is Y, the distance to the OM plane 102 is Z, and the distance to the coronal plane 103 is X. In cranial and brain surgical operations, it is necessary to draw a baseline on the top of the head and the face. The line drawn along the top of the head from the center of the eyebrows to the external occipital protuberance is the midline of the brain. The midline of the brain is on the sagittal plane 101, and the line connecting the outer edge of the orbit to the external auditory canal on the same side is the OM line, which is located on the OM plane.

[0106] Preferably, Fig. 9 As shown, the base main rod 2 includes a main rod body 31, a first slide groove 32 and a second slide groove 33. The first slide groove 32 and the second slide groove 33 are both arranged on the main rod body 31, and the first slide groove 32 and the second slide groove 33 both penetrate the main rod body 31, and the first slide groove 32 and the second slide groove 33 are perpendicular to each other. The main rod body 31 is a square column.

[0107] Preferably, Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the positioning guide rod 3 is a round rod, which can pass through the first slide groove 32 and slide on the first slide groove 32; a first tenon 4 is provided at the end of the positioning guide rod 3, and a first puncture channel 5 is opened on the positioning guide rod 3; the center line of the first puncture channel 5 is perpendicular to the length direction of the positioning guide rod 3, and the center line of the first puncture channel 5 is the first puncture line.

[0108] Preferably, the cross section of the first tenon 4 is an acute-angled isosceles triangle; the first puncture line is parallel to the midline of the vertex of the first tenon 4 and points in the same direction.

[0109] Preferably, the positioning guide rod 3 is further provided with a sliding sleeve 21, a positioning bolt 22 and a first locking nut 26, the sliding sleeve 21 is sleeved on the positioning guide rod 3, the positioning bolt 22 is arranged on the sliding sleeve 21, and the first locking nut 26 is threadedly connected with the positioning bolt 22. The sliding sleeve 21 and the positioning bolt 22 can both be connected with the second slide groove 33, and the first locking nut 26 is rotated, so that the first locking nut 26 can be connected with the outer wall of the main rod body 31, and the sliding sleeve 21 is pulled out of the second slide groove 33, thereby connecting the positioning guide rod 3 with the first slide groove 32, preventing the positioning guide rod 3 from sliding along the first slide groove 32, and fixing the position of the first puncture channel 5 and the base main rod 2.

[0110] Preferably, Fig. 9 and Fig.11As shown, the auxiliary guide rod 6 is a round rod, which can pass through the first slide groove 32 and slide on the first slide groove 32; a second tenon 7 is installed at the end of the auxiliary guide rod 6.

[0111] Preferably, the auxiliary guide rod 6 is further provided with a sliding sleeve 21, a positioning bolt 22 and a first locking nut 26, the sliding sleeve 21 is sleeved on the auxiliary guide rod 6, the positioning bolt 22 is arranged on the sliding sleeve 21, and the first locking nut 26 is threadedly connected with the positioning bolt 22. The sliding sleeve 21 and the positioning bolt 22 can both be connected with the second slide groove 33, and the first locking nut 26 is rotated, so that the first locking nut 26 can be connected with the outer wall of the main rod body 31, and the sliding sleeve 21 is pulled out of the second slide groove 33, thereby connecting the auxiliary guide rod 6 with the first slide groove 32, preventing the auxiliary guide rod 6 from sliding along the first slide groove 32, and fixing the position of the auxiliary guide rod 6 and the base main rod 2.

[0112] like Figure 7 and Fig.12 As shown, the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler comprises a first right-angle ruler 17, a second right-angle ruler 18 and an oblique ruler 19, and the first right-angle ruler 17, the second right-angle ruler 18 and the oblique ruler 19 are connected end to end in sequence.

[0113] Preferably, the first square 17 includes a first right-angle section 171, a second right-angle section 172 and a third right-angle section 173, the first right-angle section 171 and the second right-angle section 172 are connected by the third right-angle section 173, and the two ends of the third right-angle section 173 are respectively inserted into the first right-angle section 171 and the second right-angle section 172, the first right-angle section 171 and the second right-angle section 172 can slide on the third right-angle section 173 and along the third right-angle section 173, and then adjust the spacing between the first right-angle section 171 and the second right-angle section 172, so as to adjust the total length of the first square 17. The first square 17 also includes an acute-angle hole 174, which is provided on the second right-angle section 172 and can be connected to the first tenon 4. The second groove 10 is provided on the first right-angle section 171, and the second groove 10 can be connected to the second tenon 7.

[0114] Preferably, the second square ruler 18 includes a fourth right-angle segment 181, a fifth right-angle segment 182 and a sixth right-angle segment 183, the fourth right-angle segment 181 and the fifth right-angle segment 182 are connected by the sixth right-angle segment 183, and the two ends of the sixth right-angle segment 183 are respectively inserted into the fourth right-angle segment 181 and the fifth right-angle segment 182, the fourth right-angle segment 181 and the fifth right-angle segment 182 can slide on the sixth right-angle segment 183 and along the sixth right-angle segment 183, respectively, and then adjust the spacing between the fourth right-angle segment 181 and the fifth right-angle segment 182, thereby adjusting the total length of the second square ruler 18. The first right-angle segment 171 and the fourth right-angle segment 181 are fixedly connected, and the angle between the first right-angle segment 171 and the fourth right-angle segment 181 is 90°.

[0115] Preferably, the inclined ruler 19 includes a first inclined ruler section 191, a second inclined ruler section 192 and a third inclined ruler section 193, the first inclined ruler section 191 and the second inclined ruler section 192 are connected by the third inclined ruler section 193, and the two ends of the third inclined ruler section 193 are respectively inserted into the first inclined ruler section 191 and the second inclined ruler section 192, the first inclined ruler section 191 and the second inclined ruler section 192 can slide on the third inclined ruler section 193 and along the third inclined ruler section 193, respectively, and then adjust the spacing between the first inclined ruler section 191 and the second inclined ruler section 192, thereby adjusting the total length of the inclined ruler 19. The first inclined ruler section 191 is provided with a first groove 8, and the first groove 8 can be connected to the first tenon 4, so that the inclined ruler 19 can drive the positioning guide rod 3 to rotate around its own central axis, thereby changing the angle between the first puncture channel 5 and the base main rod 2, thereby changing the puncture direction.

[0116] Preferably, the center line of the inclined ruler 19 in the length direction is coplanar and parallel to the first puncture line.

[0117] Preferably, the second puncture channel 9 is arranged on the fifth right-angle segment 182. The second right-angle ruler 18 also includes a connecting protruding ring 184, which is arranged on the second puncture channel 9. The inclined ruler 19 also includes an inclined ruler hole 194, which is arranged on the second inclined ruler segment 192. The inclined ruler hole 194 can be connected to the connecting protruding ring 184, and the inclined ruler 19 can rotate around the connecting protruding ring 184. Thus, the angle between the inclined ruler 19 and the main rod 2 of the base is changed, and the center line of the second puncture channel 9 is the second puncture line, which is perpendicular and coplanar with the first puncture line and perpendicular to the sagittal plane 101.

[0118] Preferably, a plurality of fixing screws 20 are respectively arranged on the first right-angle segment 171, the second right-angle segment 172, the fourth right-angle segment 181, the fifth right-angle segment 182, the first bevel segment 191 and the second bevel segment 192. By rotating the fixing screws 20 on the above-mentioned segments, the first right-angle segment 171 can be connected with the third right-angle segment 173, the second right-angle segment 172 can be connected with the third right-angle segment 173, the fourth right-angle segment 181 can be connected with the sixth right-angle segment 183, the fifth right-angle segment 182 can be connected with the sixth right-angle segment 183, the first bevel segment 191 can be connected with the third bevel segment 193, and the second bevel segment 192 can be connected with the third bevel segment 193, thereby fixing the total length of the first right-angle ruler 17, the second right-angle ruler 18 and the bevel ruler 19, and fixing the angle between the first puncture channel 5 and the main rod 2 of the base.

[0119] Among them, Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic I-shaped ruler and the telescopic T-shaped ruler can be connected to the base main rod 2.

[0120] Preferably, Fig.13As shown, the telescopic I-ruler includes an I-ruler seat 41, a first rocker arm 42, a second rocker arm 43, a positioning rod 44, a first transfer rod 45, and a second transfer rod 46. One end of the first rocker arm 42 is connected to the I-ruler seat 41 through the first transfer rod 45, the other end of the first rocker arm 42 is rotatably connected to one end of the second rocker arm 43, and the other end of the second rocker arm 43 is connected to the positioning rod 44 through the second transfer rod 46. The positioning rod 44 is parallel to the I-ruler seat 41.

[0121] Preferably, the first rocker arm 42 and the second rocker arm 43 are both hollow rockers, the first transfer rod 45 can be inserted into the first rocker arm 42, so as to adjust the distance between the first rocker arm 42 and the I-shaped ruler seat 41, and the second transfer rod 46 can be inserted into the second rocker arm 43, so as to adjust the distance between the second rocker arm 43 and the positioning rod 44. Positioning grooves are provided on the first transfer rod 45 and the second transfer rod 46, and protrusions are provided on the hollow parts of the first rocker arm 42 and the second rocker arm 43. The protrusions of the first rocker arm 42 can be connected with the positioning grooves of the first transfer rod 45 to prevent the first rocker arm 42 from rotating around the first transfer rod 45, causing the second rocker arm 43 to rotate around the first transfer rod 45, and the protrusions of the second rocker arm 43 can be connected with the positioning grooves of the second transfer rod 46 to prevent the positioning rod 44 from rotating around the second transfer rod 46, causing the positioning rod 44 to be non-parallel to the I-shaped ruler seat 41.

[0122] Preferably, Fig.14 As shown, the telescopic T-ruler includes a T-ruler seat 51, a third rocker arm 52, a fourth rocker arm 53, a positioning pin 54, a third transfer rod 55 and a fourth transfer rod 56. One end of the third rocker arm 52 is connected to the T-ruler seat 51 through the third transfer rod 55, the other end of the third rocker arm 52 is rotatably connected to one end of the fourth rocker arm 53, and the other end of the fourth rocker arm 53 is connected to the positioning pin 54 through the fourth transfer rod 56. The positioning pin 54 is perpendicular to the T-ruler seat 51.

[0123] Preferably, the third rocker arm 52 and the fourth rocker arm 53 are both hollow rockers, the third transfer rod 55 can be inserted into the third rocker arm 52, so as to adjust the distance between the third rocker arm 52 and the T-shaped seat 51, and the fourth transfer rod 56 can be inserted into the fourth rocker arm 53, so as to adjust the distance between the fourth rocker arm 53 and the positioning pin 54. Positioning grooves are provided on the third transfer rod 55 and the fourth transfer rod 56, and protrusions are provided on the hollow parts of the third rocker arm 52 and the fourth rocker arm 53. The protrusions of the third rocker arm 52 can be connected with the positioning grooves of the third transfer rod 55 to prevent the third rocker arm 52 from rotating around the third transfer rod 55, causing the fourth rocker arm 53 to rotate around the third transfer rod 55, and the protrusions of the fourth rocker arm 53 can be connected with the positioning grooves of the fourth transfer rod 56 to prevent the positioning pin 54 from rotating around the fourth transfer rod 56, causing the positioning pin 54 to be non-parallel to the T-shaped seat 51.

[0124] Preferably, both the I-rule seat 41 and the T-rule seat 51 can be connected to the first slide groove 32 , and both the second rocker arm 43 and the fourth rocker arm 53 can rotate perpendicular to the length direction of the base main rod 2 .

[0125] Preferably, Fig. 9 and Fig.15 As shown, the second adjustment sleeve 12 includes an adjustment block 121 and a second mounting groove 122 . The second mounting groove 122 is arranged on the adjustment block 121 , and the second mounting groove 122 can be connected to the base main rod 2 .

[0126] The adjusting block 121 is hinged to the lug of the bearing plate 23 through the connecting bolt 27. The adjusting block 121 can rotate around the connecting bolt 27. The connecting bolt 27 is provided with a second locking nut 28. The second locking nut 28 is rotated to connect the adjusting block 121 to the lug and prevent the second adjusting sleeve 12 from rotating around the connecting bolt 27. The adjusting block 121 rotates around the connecting bolt 27 to change the angle between the base main rod 2 and the base 1.

[0127] Preferably, the base main rod 2 also includes a fixing column 34 and a limit block 35, the fixing column 34 is connected to the main rod body 31 through the limit block 35, the fixing column 34 can be inserted into the second mounting groove 122 and connected to the second mounting groove 122, the width of the limit block 35 is greater than the width of the second mounting groove 122, and the limit block 35 is used to prevent the main rod body 31 from being inserted into the second mounting groove 122, and the base main rod 2 slides on the adjustment block 121 without changing the angle between the base main rod 2 and the base 1.

[0128] Preferably, the second adjustment sleeve 12 further includes a second adjustment bolt 123, the second adjustment bolt 123 is threadedly connected to the adjustment block 121, one end of the second adjustment bolt 123 is rotatably connected to the fixing column 34, and the other end of the second adjustment bolt 123 is a nut. By rotating the nut, the second adjustment bolt 123 can be screwed in and out of the second mounting groove 122, thereby driving the fixing column 34 to slide on the second mounting groove 122 to adjust the distance between the base main rod 2 and the pillow support body 11.

[0129] Preferably, the fixing column 34 is provided with a thread, and the base main rod 2 also includes a fixing nut 36, and the fixing nut 36 can be threadedly connected to the fixing column 34. By rotating the fixing nut 36, the fixing nut 36 can be connected to the outer wall of the adjustment block 121, thereby connecting the limit block 35 to the outer wall of the adjustment block 121, preventing the base main rod 2 from sliding on the adjustment block 121, and fixing the distance between the base main rod 2 and the pillow support body 11.

[0130] Preferably, Fig. 9 and Fig.16As shown, the head nail 16 is rotatably arranged at one end of the brow nail rod 14, and the first adjustment sleeve 15 is arranged at the other end of the brow nail rod 14. The first adjustment sleeve 15 includes a first cylinder body 151 and a first mounting groove 152, and the first mounting groove 152 is arranged on the first cylinder body 151. The main rod body 31 can be inserted into the first mounting groove 152, so that the brow nail rod 14 slides along the base main rod 2 to adjust the distance between the brow nail rod 14 and the base 1.

[0131] Preferably, the first adjustment sleeve 15 further includes an adjustment slider 153 and a first adjustment bolt 154. The adjustment slider 153 is disposed on the first mounting groove 152. The first adjustment bolt 154 is threadedly connected to the first barrel body 151. One end of the first adjustment bolt 154 is rotatably connected to the adjustment slider 153, and the other end of the first adjustment bolt 154 is a nut. The adjustment slider 153 can be connected to the first slide groove 32. Rotating the nut of the first adjustment bolt 154 can make the adjustment slider 153 slide on the first mounting groove 152. Thereby, the brow nail rod 14 is driven to approach or move away from the base main rod 2, and the distance between the base main rod 2 and the head nail 16 is adjusted.

[0132] Preferably, the base main rod 2 also includes a first limiting nut 37 and a second limiting nut 38, and the first limiting nut 37 and the second limiting nut 38 are both threadedly connected to the main rod body 31. The first limiting nut 37 is used to limit the first tube body 151 from sliding along the base main rod 2 toward the base 1, and the second limiting nut 38 is used to limit the first tube body 151 from sliding along the base main rod 2 away from the base 1. The first limiting nut 37 and the second limiting nut 38 are rotated so that the first limiting nut 37 and the second limiting nut 38 are respectively connected to the two side walls of the first tube body 151, which can prevent the brow nail rod 14 from approaching or moving away from the base main rod 2 and fix the distance between the head nail 16 and the base 1.

[0133] Preferably, Fig.17As shown, when in use, the patient lies flat, 1. Use a marker to mark the midline of the skull; 2. Mark the OM line; 3. Mark the coronal suture. The three lines are drawn and ready for use. The occipital bone of the patient's head is placed on the pillow support body 11, the main rod of the base 2 crosses the top of the head along the drawn midline, and the head pin 16 is tightened and fixed on the forehead skull (local anesthesia is performed in advance at the forehead pin site). Connect the I-ruler seat 41 to the first slide slot 32, and then place the positioning rod 44 close to the OM line of the face, rotate the adjustment block 121 to change the angle between the base main rod 2 and the positioning rod 44. When the positioning rod 44 is in the same direction as the OM line, the base main rod 2 is parallel to the OM surface 102, and tighten the second locking nut 28 to lock the position of the base main rod 2; connect the T-ruler seat 51 to the first slide slot 32, and slide the T-ruler seat 51 to align the positioning pin 54 with the external auditory canal. The positioning pin 54 and the third rocker arm 52 are both on the coronal plane 103. Make a zero mark at the intersection of the coronal plane 103 and the base main rod 2 to lock the zero position on the base main rod 2. The distance from the tip of the positioning pin 54 to the midline of the first slide slot 32 is recorded as a. That is, the distance from the midline of the base main rod 2 to the OM surface 102 is a.

[0134] Disconnect the telescopic I-ruler and telescopic T-ruler from the main base rod 2. Connect the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 to the first slide groove 32, and the positioning guide rod 3 is located at an arbitrary position between the coronal suture line and the forehead nail (based on the concept of the first safety zone in neurosurgery). According to data X, slide the placement position of the auxiliary guide rod 6 on the main base rod 2 and install and fix it (bull's eye side); according to data Y, mark the distance between the first puncture channel 5 and the midline of the second slide groove 33 on the positioning guide rod 3, install the positioning guide rod 3 and fix it on the main base rod 2 (bull's eye side).

[0135] Preferably, Fig.18 As shown, the first groove 8 is connected to the first tenon 4, the second groove 10 is connected to the second tenon 7, the inclined ruler hole 194 is connected to the connecting protruding ring 184, the first groove 8 is connected to the first tenon 4, and the distance from the center point of the second puncture channel 9 to the midpoint of the second groove 10 is set according to the data aZ. At this time, the first puncture channel 5 points to the target point.

[0136] In this embodiment, the base main rod 2 is made parallel to the OM plane 102 by telescopic I-ruler, and the zero point is marked on the base main rod 2 by telescopic T-ruler, so that the coordinate system for the target point can be reconstructed outside the patient's body, and the zero point is associated with the CT coordinate system. By using the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, the positioning guide rod, and the auxiliary guide rod, it is possible to accurately measure the target point and provide guidance for puncture without setting up a CT machine in the operating room; the positioning guide rod 3 accurately locates the target point under the guidance of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, and the puncture reaches the target point accurately without calculating the exact position of the puncture entry point on the skull surface, which is consistent with the precise effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, and realizes the integration of precise positioning of the target point and simplified operation. The guidance and positioning are accurate, the equipment is simple, and the effect is good.

[0137] Embodiment 3:

[0138] Another embodiment of the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument is as follows Fig.19 As shown, on the basis of Example 2, the base is modified, the base 1 and the pillow support assembly are cancelled, the positioning guide rod 3, the auxiliary guide rod 6 and the right-angle triangle telescopic ruler are also cancelled, and the pillow nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly are added. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument of this embodiment is used for cerebellar lesion target point puncture surgery under the guidance of the oblique positioning assembly.

[0139] The locators of Examples 1 and 2 can only be used for puncturing the target point in the cerebral hemisphere. Different from the cases of Examples 1 and 2, if the target point is in the cerebellum, a special puncture guide locator for puncturing the target point in the cerebellar hemisphere needs to be designed.

[0140] A coordinate system is established by CT before the operation. The intersection of the sagittal plane 101 and the coronal plane 103 is the zero line. The projection point of the target point parallel to the OM plane 102 on the zero line is the projection zero point. The line connecting the target point and the projection zero point is the third puncture line. The angle between the third puncture line and the sagittal plane 101 is α.

[0141] The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument of this embodiment includes a frontal nail assembly, a base main rod 2, an occipital nail assembly and an oblique positioning assembly, and the frontal nail assembly, the occipital nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly are all arranged on the base main rod 2.

[0142] Preferably, Fig. 20As shown, the pillow nail assembly includes a pillow nail 29, a pillow nail rod 30 and a third adjustment sleeve 39. The pillow nail 29 is rotatably set at one end of the pillow nail rod 30, and the tip of the pillow nail 29 faces the head nail 16; the third adjustment sleeve 39 is set at the other end of the pillow nail rod 30, and the pillow nail 29 is used to connect the middle part of the occipital bone. The third adjustment sleeve 39 includes a third cylinder body 391 and a third mounting groove 392. The third mounting groove 392 is set on the third cylinder body 391. The fixing column 34 can be inserted into the third mounting groove 392 and connected to the third mounting groove 392. The width of the limit block 35 is greater than the width of the third mounting groove 392. The limit block 35 is used to prevent the main rod body 31 from being inserted into the third mounting groove 392, so that the third cylinder body 391 slides on the base main rod 2.

[0143] Preferably, the third adjustment sleeve 39 further includes a third adjustment bolt 393, which is threadedly connected to the third barrel body 391, one end of which is rotatably connected to the fixing column 34, and the other end of which is a nut. The outer wall of the rotating barrel body 391 is connected, so that the limit block 35 is connected to the outer wall of the third barrel body 391, preventing the base main rod 2 from sliding on the third barrel body 391, and fixing the distance between the base main rod 2 and the pillow nail 29.

[0144] Preferably, Fig.19 and Fig.21 As shown, the oblique positioning assembly includes an oblique main rod 60, an oblique vertical rod 61, a fourth adjustment sleeve 62, an oblique positioning rod 63 and a third puncture channel 64. The oblique vertical rod 61 is arranged on the oblique main rod 60, the fourth adjustment sleeve 62 is arranged on the oblique vertical rod 61, the third puncture channel 64 is arranged at one end of the oblique positioning rod 63, and the other end of the oblique positioning rod 63 is connected to the fourth adjustment sleeve 62. The third puncture channel 64 is used to locate the puncture direction for cerebellar puncture.

[0145] Preferably, the inclined main rod 60 includes an inclined rod body 601, a third slide groove 602 and a fourth slide groove 603, the third slide groove 602 and the fourth slide groove 603 are both arranged on the inclined rod body 601, the third slide groove 602 and the fourth slide groove 603 both penetrate the inclined rod body 601, and the third slide groove 602 and the fourth slide groove 603 are perpendicular to each other. The inclined rod body 601 is a square column.

[0146] Preferably, the structure of the fourth adjustment sleeve 62 is the same as that of the first adjustment sleeve 15, and the fourth adjustment sleeve 62 includes a fourth barrel body 621, a fourth mounting groove 622, a positioning slider 623 and a fourth adjustment bolt 624. The fourth adjustment sleeve 62 is used to adjust the distance between the third puncture channel 64 and the oblique main rod 60. The fourth mounting groove 622 is provided on the fourth barrel body 621, and the oblique rod body 601 can be inserted into the fourth mounting groove 622 to adjust the distance between the third puncture channel 64 and the oblique main rod 60.

[0147] The positioning slider 623 is arranged on the fourth mounting groove 622, the fourth adjusting bolt 624 is threadedly connected to the fourth barrel body 621, one end of the fourth adjusting bolt 624 is rotatably connected to the positioning slider 623, and the other end of the fourth adjusting bolt 624 is a nut. The positioning slider 623 can be connected to the third slide groove 602. Rotating the nut of the fourth adjusting bolt 624 can make the positioning slider 623 slide on the fourth mounting groove 622. Thereby driving the oblique positioning rod 63 to approach or move away from the oblique main rod 60, and adjusting the distance between the oblique main rod 60 and the third puncture channel 64.

[0148] Preferably, the oblique main rod 60 further includes a locking bolt 604 and a positioning nut 605. The locking bolt 604 is arranged at one end of the oblique rod body 601, and the positioning nut 605 can be threadedly connected with the locking bolt 604. The locking bolt 604 can pass through the second slide groove 33. Tightening the positioning nut 605 can connect the oblique main rod 60 with the base main rod 2 and prevent the angle between the oblique main rod 60 and the base main rod 2 from changing. This angle is α.

[0149] Preferably, the inclined main rod 60 also includes a positioning block 606, which is arranged on the locking bolt 604. The positioning block 606 can be connected to the first slide groove 32, and the positioning nut 605 is tightened. The positioning block 606 and the positioning nut 605 can clamp the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2, further preventing the change of the angle between the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2.

[0150] Preferably, the inclined main rod 60 also includes a third limiting nut 607 and a fourth limiting nut 608, and the third limiting nut 607 and the fourth limiting nut 608 are both threadedly connected to the inclined rod body 601. The third limiting nut 607 is used to limit the fourth tube body 621 from sliding along the inclined rod body 601 toward the base 1, and the fourth limiting nut 608 is used to limit the fourth tube body 621 from sliding along the base main rod 2 away from the base 1. The third limiting nut 607 and the fourth limiting nut 608 are rotated so that the third limiting nut 607 and the fourth limiting nut 608 are respectively connected to the two side walls of the fourth tube body 621, which can prevent the inclined positioning rod 63 from approaching or moving away from the locking bolt 604, and fix the distance between the third puncture channel 64 and the locking bolt 604.

[0151] The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument of this embodiment further comprises a telescopic I-shaped ruler and a telescopic T-shaped ruler.

[0152] When in use, the patient lies on his side, first, the midline of the skull is marked with a marker; second, the OM line is marked; the main rod 2 of the base crosses the top of the head along the drawn midline, and the occipital nail 29 is tightened and fixed on the midline occipital bone. Connect the I-rule seat 41 with the first slide groove 32, and then place the positioning rod 44 close to the OM line of the face. When the positioning rod 44 is in the same direction as the OM line, the base main rod 2 is parallel to the OM plane 102, and the head pin 16 is tightened and fixed on the forehead skull to lock the position of the base main rod 2; connect the T-rule seat 51 with the first slide groove 32, and slide the T-rule seat 51 to align the positioning pin 54 with the external auditory canal. The positioning pin 54 and the third rocker arm 52 are both on the coronal plane 103, and a zero position mark is made at the intersection of the coronal plane 103 and the base main rod 2 to lock the zero position on the base main rod 2; the distance from the tip of the positioning pin 54 to the midline of the first slide groove 32 is recorded as a, that is, the distance from the midline of the base main rod 2 to the OM plane 102 is a.

[0153] Disconnect the telescopic I-shaped ruler and telescopic T-shaped ruler from the base main rod 2. Place the locking bolt 604 at the zero mark, rotate the oblique main rod 60 to form an angle α with the base main rod 2, tighten the positioning nut 605, and maintain the angle between the oblique main rod 60 and the base main rod 2. Set the distance from the oblique positioning rod 63 to the oblique main rod 60 according to the data aZ, at which time, the center line of the third puncture channel 64 coincides with the third puncture line.

[0154] Preferably, in order to strengthen the connection between the oblique main rod 60 and the base main rod 2, as Fig.19 and Fig. 22 As shown, the oblique positioning assembly also includes a supporting structure. The supporting structure includes a supporting rod 65, a first supporting bolt 66 and a first supporting nut 67, wherein the first supporting bolt 66 is arranged on the supporting rod 65, and the first supporting nut 67 is arranged on the first supporting bolt 66, one end of the supporting rod 65 is connected to the base main rod 2, and the other end of the supporting rod 65 is inserted into the third sliding groove 602 and connected to the oblique rod body 601, and the first supporting bolt 66 is inserted into the fourth sliding groove 603, and the first supporting nut 67 is tightened to fix the supporting rod 65 to the oblique rod body 601.

[0155] Preferably, the supporting structure also includes a second supporting bolt 68 and a second supporting nut 69. The second supporting bolt 68 is arranged on the supporting slot of the supporting rod 65. The second supporting nut 69 is arranged on the second supporting bolt 68. The second supporting bolt 68 can pass through the second slot 33 and be connected to the main rod body 31. By tightening the second supporting nut 69, the second supporting nut 69 and the second supporting bolt 68 can clamp the supporting rod 65 and the base main rod 2 to keep the supporting rod 65 fixedly connected to the base main rod 2, further strengthen the connection between the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2, and prevent the change of the angle between the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2.

[0156] Compared with Example 2, this embodiment can achieve the function of accurately measuring the cerebellum target and guiding it through the coordinated use of the frontal nail assembly, the base main rod 2, the occipital nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly; the oblique main rod 60, the oblique vertical rod 61 and the third puncture channel 64 of the oblique positioning assembly can reconstruct the angle between the target line and the sagittal plane 101, without the need for CT intervention, to achieve accurate puncture to the target, consistent with the precise effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, and realize the integration of precise positioning of the target and simple operation; the guiding positioning is accurate, the equipment is simple, and the effect is good; the supporting structure includes a supporting rod 65, a first supporting bolt 66 and a first supporting nut 67, and the first supporting bolt 66 is set On the support rod 65, the first support nut 67 is arranged on the first support bolt 66, one end of the support rod 65 is connected to the base main rod 2, the other end of the support rod 65 is inserted into the third slide groove 602 and connected to the inclined rod body 601, the first support bolt 66 is inserted into the fourth slide groove 603, and the first support nut 67 is tightened to fix the support rod 65 and the inclined rod body 601; the second support nut 69 and the second support bolt 68 can clamp the support rod 65 and the base main rod 2, keep the support rod 65 and the base main rod 2 fixedly connected, further strengthen the connection between the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2, and prevent the angle between the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2 from changing.

Claims

1. An intracranial puncture guide positioning device, characterized in that: include: A base, comprising a base (1), a pillow support assembly, a brow nail assembly and a base main rod (2); the pillow support assembly is mounted on the base (1); two ends of the base main rod (2) are respectively mounted on the pillow support assembly and the brow nail assembly, and the angle between the base main rod (2) and the base (1) is adjustable; A positioning guide rod (3) is slidably fitted on the base main rod (2); a first tenon (4) is installed at the end of the positioning guide rod (3); and a first puncture channel (5) is opened on the positioning guide rod (3); An auxiliary guide rod (6) is slidably fitted on the base main rod (2); a second tenon (7) is installed at the end of the auxiliary guide rod (6); A right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, wherein a first groove (8) adapted to the first tenon (4) is provided at one acute angle of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, a second puncture hole (9) is provided at another acute angle, and a second groove (10) adapted to the second tenon (7) is provided at a right angle; Wherein, a telescopic I-shaped ruler and a telescopic T-shaped ruler are slidably matched on the base main rod (2).

2. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pillow support assembly comprises a pillow support body (11), wherein the pillow support body (11) is mounted on the base (1) via a lifting pillow support rod, and the lifting pillow support rod is mounted on one end of the base main rod (2) via a second adjustment sleeve (12); the pillow support body (11) is overall in a "spoon" shape, and the top surface of the pillow support body (11) is adapted to the shape of the occipital part of the human skull.

3. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brow nail assembly comprises: A brow nail rod (14), wherein the brow nail rod (14) is mounted on one end of the base main rod (2) via a first adjustment sleeve (15); A head nail (16), wherein the head nail (16) is detachably connected to the brow nail rod (14), and the tip of the head nail (16) faces the base (1).

4. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right-angle triangular telescopic ruler comprises a first right-angle ruler (17), a second right-angle ruler (18) and an oblique ruler (19); the first right-angle ruler (17), the second right-angle ruler (18) and the oblique ruler (19) are connected end to end in sequence; The first square (17) and the second square (18) are fixedly connected and the included angle is 90°; the second groove (10) is provided at the connection between the first square (17) and the second square (18); The first square (17) and the second square (18) are respectively hinged to two ends of the inclined ruler (19); The first groove (8) is provided at the connection between the first square (17) and the inclined ruler (19), and the second puncture channel (9) is provided at the connection between the second square (18) and the inclined ruler (19); The first square (17), the second square (18), and the inclined ruler (19) are all telescopic structures, and fixing screws (20) are installed on the first square (17), the second square (18), and the inclined ruler (19).

5. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning guide rod (3) and the auxiliary guide rod (6) are both provided with a sliding sleeve (21), the sliding sleeve (21) is slidably mounted on the base main rod (2), a positioning bolt (22) is provided on the sliding sleeve (21), and the positioning bolt (22) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the base main rod (2).

6. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting pillow support rod comprises a bearing plate (23) and a telescopic rod (24), wherein the telescopic rod (24) is mounted on the base (1), the bearing plate (23) is fixedly mounted on the top of the telescopic rod (24), the pillow support body (11) is fixedly mounted on the bearing plate (23), and one end of the base main rod (2) is mounted on the bearing plate (23) via the second adjustment sleeve (12).

7. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the first tenon (4) and the first groove (8) are both isosceles triangles, and the cross-sections of the second tenon (7) and the second groove (10) are both circular.

8. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base main rod (2), the first square (17), the second square (18), the bevel ruler (19), the positioning guide rod (3) and the auxiliary guide rod (6) are all provided with scales (25).

9. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic I-shaped ruler comprises an I-shaped ruler seat (41), a first rocker arm (42), a second rocker arm (43), a positioning rod (44), a first transfer rod (45) and a second transfer rod (46); one end of the first rocker arm (42) is connected to the I-shaped ruler seat (41) through the first transfer rod (45); the other end of the first rocker arm (42) is rotatably connected to one end of the second rocker arm (43); and the other end of the second rocker arm (43) is connected to the positioning rod (44) through the second transfer rod (46).

10. An intracranial puncture guide positioning device, characterized in that: The device is composed of a brow nail assembly, a base main rod (2), a pillow nail assembly, an oblique positioning assembly, a telescopic I-shaped ruler and a telescopic T-shaped ruler. The brow nail assembly, the pillow nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly are all arranged on the base main rod (2), and the telescopic I-shaped ruler and the telescopic T-shaped ruler can be connected to the base main rod (2).

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