Impact-resistant buoyancy plate with low water absorption rate and preparation method of impact-resistant buoyancy plate

Abstract

The invention discloses an impact-resistant buoyancy plate with low water absorption and a preparation method thereof. Belongs to the technical field of buoyancy materials. The impact-resistant buoyancy plate with the low water absorption rate comprises a buoyancy material main body, a reinforcing layer and a protective layer, the reinforcing layer and the protective layer sequentially cover the surface of the buoyancy material main body, and the reinforcing layer is formed by compounding glass fiber cloth and resin through a vacuum infusion process; and the protective layer is made of a polyurethane elastomer. The obtained buoyancy plate can effectively reduce the water absorption rate of the buoyancy material, can effectively avoid expansion of surface and internal cracks while resisting impact force, has excellent impact resistance, and is simple in preparation method, low in cost and wide in application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of buoyancy materials, and in particular relates to an impact-resistant buoyancy plate with low water absorption and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, ocean exploration has gradually moved into deep water areas, and human beings' ability to detect the depth of the ocean has been continuously improved. However, in the deep sea, the water pressure increases by about 10 atmospheres for every 100 meters of diving. The extreme environment puts higher requirements on the pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and impact resistance of the equipment. Therefore, the development of deep-sea buoyancy materials that can adapt to high-pressure and high-corrosion environments has become an important research direction for the manufacture of underwater detection equipment.

[0003] Buoyancy materials must provide sufficient net buoyancy in deep-sea operations, and have low water absorption, impact resistance, and high pressure resistance to ensure long-term operation in deep-sea high-pressure environments. However, traditional buoyancy materials such as foam plastics, foam aluminum, and wood, although low in density, generally have problems such as high water absorption, poor impact resistance, and shallow working depth, making it difficult to meet the special needs of deep-sea equipment. In addition, these materials have poor corrosion resistance and durability, and are prone to wear and degradation in harsh deep-sea environments, further limiting their service life and reliability.

[0004] In order to meet the multiple performance requirements of deep-sea exploration equipment for buoyancy materials, the research and development of high-strength solid buoyancy materials has become a research hotspot in recent years. Solid buoyancy materials usually have a porous structure with low density and high strength, which can provide reliable buoyancy support in extreme environments. However, existing buoyancy materials still have deficiencies in water resistance and impact resistance, and cannot fully adapt to the harsh conditions of deep-sea operations.

[0005] Therefore, we proposed a method for preparing impact-resistant buoyancy plates with low water absorption, aiming to solve the demand for high-performance buoyancy materials for deep-sea operating equipment, thereby improving the adaptability and service life of deep-sea exploration equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems that conventional buoyancy materials have poor impact resistance and high water absorption, the present invention provides an impact-resistant buoyancy plate with low water absorption and a preparation method thereof, which can not only effectively reduce the water absorption of the buoyancy material, but also effectively avoid the expansion of surface and internal cracks while resisting impact force, and has excellent impact resistance.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0008] Provided is an impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption, comprising a buoyancy material body and a reinforcement layer and a protective layer sequentially covering the surface of the buoyancy material body, wherein the reinforcement layer is composited by glass fiber cloth and resin through a vacuum infusion process; the protective layer material is a polyurethane elastomer; wherein:

[0009] The polyurethane elastomer is compounded by two components A and B. The main raw materials of component A include, by weight: 40-60 parts of polyether polyol A, 30-60 parts of polyether polyol B, and 20-30 parts of toluene diisocyanate (T-100); the main raw materials of component B include, by weight: 2-8 parts of hydrophobic polyether, 0.5-4 parts of small molecule polyol, 1-3 parts of diamine chain extender, 1-6 parts of antioxidant, 1.5-5 parts of light stabilizer, 2-7 parts of catalyst, and 1-6 parts of color paste.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the thickness of the reinforcement layer is 2 to 4 mm; the thickness of the protective layer is 3 to 6 mm.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the main body of the buoyancy material is HW030F polyvinyl chloride hard foam buoyancy material.

[0012] According to the above solution, the glass fiber cloth is a high-strength glass fiber cloth.

[0013] According to the above scheme, the resin raw materials are calculated by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 3-5 parts of curing agent, 0.4-5 parts of accelerator, 0.4-2 parts of coupling agent, 6-14 parts of flame retardant, 0-5 parts of diluent and 0.2-1.2 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0014] Preferably, the vinyl resin is one or a combination of MFE-2 resin, 3201 resin, 901 resin, and 820(m) resin.

[0015] Preferably, the curing agent is one or a combination of LC curing agent, K90 curing agent, and L liquid curing agent.

[0016] Preferably, the accelerator is one or a combination of 1305 accelerator, BPO accelerator, E5 accelerator and E4 accelerator.

[0017] Preferably, the coupling agent is one or a combination of KH-560 coupling agent, KH-570 coupling agent, and titanate coupling agent.

[0018] Preferably, the flame retardant is one or a combination of FR-2025 flame retardant, FR-685 flame retardant, and FR-8705 flame retardant;

[0019] Preferably, the diluent is one or a combination of styrene diluent, S06 diluent, UE6H diluent, and vinyl toluene.

[0020] Preferably, the solid filler is white carbon black, with a silicon dioxide content of 90-98% and a specific surface area of ​​161-800m 2 / g.

[0021] According to the above scheme, in component A of the polyurethane elastomer, the polyether polyol A is one or more combinations of VORANOL 400LM, polyether DL1000, and polyether N210; the polyether polyol B is one or more combinations of PTMEG-2000, PPG-1000, and PTBG.

[0022] According to the above scheme, in the B component of the polyurethane elastomer, the hydrophobic polyether is one or more combinations of DL-1000D, Multranol8224, and VORANOL T5001; the small molecule polyol is one or more combinations of 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,2-propylene glycol (1,2-PG), and ethylene glycol (EG); the diamine chain extender is one or more combinations of methylcyclohexanediamine (HTDA), dimethylthiotoluene diamine (DMTDA), and diethyltoluene diamine (DETDA); the antioxidant is one or more combinations of PEP-36, antioxidant 2103, and PG03B; the light stabilizer is one or more combinations of Tinuvin B75, UV-260, and Tinuvin PUR 866; the catalyst is one or more combinations of PC-5, TMR-2, and BDMA; and the color paste is a water-based polyurethane color paste.

[0023] A method for preparing the above-mentioned impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0024] 1) Compounding glass fiber cloth and resin on the surface of the main body of the buoyancy material by vacuum infusion method to obtain a glass fiber / resin composite material skin, and then performing surface roughening treatment to obtain a reinforcement layer covering the surface of the main body of the buoyancy material;

[0025] 2) On the surface of the reinforcement layer obtained in step 1), a protective layer is obtained by hot pressing the polyurethane elastomer raw material to obtain a low water absorption anti-impact buoyancy sheet.

[0026] According to the above scheme, in step 1), the glass fiber cloth is dried at 70-90° C. for 2-4 hours in advance.

[0027] According to the above scheme, in step 1), the surface of the buoyancy material body is covered with a glass fiber / resin composite skin by vacuum infusion, and after 4 to 8 hours of post-curing, the surface of the glass fiber composite skin is roughened and placed in a mold, and the mold is preheated at 50-70°C for 30 to 50 minutes in advance.

[0028] According to the above scheme, in step 2), the hot pressing process is: hot pressing at 80°C to 90°C for 5 to 10 hours.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention provides an impact-resistant buoyancy board with low water absorption, in which a reinforcing layer of glass fiber cloth and resin composite and a polyurethane elastomer protective layer are covered on the surface of the main body of the buoyancy material at one time; it can not only effectively reduce the water absorption of the buoyancy material, but also effectively avoid the expansion of surface and internal cracks while resisting impact force, and has excellent impact resistance and broad application prospects.

[0031] 2. Provide a method for preparing an impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption, which has a simple process, low cost and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the impact-resistant buoyancy material with low water absorption obtained in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Buoyancy material body, 2. Reinforcement layer, 3. Buffer layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in this embodiment to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in this embodiment. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of this patent.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a low water absorption impact resistant buoyancy plate, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a buoyancy material body and a reinforcement layer and a protective layer sequentially covering the surface of the buoyancy material body, wherein the reinforcement layer is composited by glass fiber cloth and resin through a vacuum infusion process; the protective layer material is polyurethane elastomer; wherein:

[0036] The polyurethane elastomer is compounded by two components A and B. The main raw materials of component A include, by weight: 40-60 parts of polyether polyol A, 30-60 parts of polyether polyol B, and 20-30 parts of toluene diisocyanate (T-100); the main raw materials of component B include, by weight: 2-8 parts of hydrophobic polyether, 0.5-4 parts of small molecule polyol, 1-3 parts of diamine chain extender, 1-6 parts of antioxidant, 1.5-5 parts of light stabilizer, 2-7 parts of catalyst, and 1-6 parts of color paste.

[0037] A specific embodiment provides a resin raw material, which comprises, by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 2-4 parts of curing agent, 0.1-4 parts of accelerator, 0.5-1 parts of coupling agent, 8-12 parts of flame retardant, 0-5 parts of diluent and 0.2-0.5 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0038] The specific embodiment also provides a method for preparing an impact-resistant buoyancy plate, and its structural schematic diagram is shown in the attached Figure 1 , the preparation method is as follows:

[0039] (1) A composite reinforcement layer is laid on the surface of the main body of the buoyancy material by vacuum infusion; the reinforcement layer is composited with high-strength glass fiber cloth and resin.

[0040] (2) A protective layer is coated on the surface of the reinforcing layer by hot pressing; the protective layer is made of an elastomeric material.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the specific implementation methods can be purchased through conventional channels.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A method for preparing an impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0044] 1) The main body of the buoyancy material is covered with a reinforcement layer

[0045] Resin raw materials by weight: 100 parts of 3201 resin, 4 parts of LC curing agent, 2 parts of E5 accelerator, 0.5 parts of KH-560 coupling agent, 10 parts of FR-685 flame retardant, 2 parts of S06 diluent and 0.4 parts of solid filler white carbon black. HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam machine is processed into the required shape, high-strength glass fiber cloth is cut, and high-strength glass fiber cloth is dried at a temperature of 85°C for 2 hours.

[0046] A 3 mm glass fiber / resin composite skin was laid on the surface of HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam by vacuum infusion. After 5 hours of post-curing, the surface of the glass fiber composite skin was roughened and placed in a mold. The mold was preheated at 60°C for 50 minutes.

[0047] 2) The surface of the reinforcement layer is covered with a protective layer

[0048] The raw materials of component A of polyurethane elastomer are weighed in parts by mass: 45 parts of polyether DL1000, 30 parts of PTBG, and 25 parts of T-100. The main raw materials of component B are weighed in parts by weight: 3 parts of Multranol8224, 0.6 parts of ethylene glycol, 1.5 parts of DMTDA, 2 parts of antioxidant 2103, 1.8 parts of UV-260, 2.5 parts of PC-5, and 4 parts of water-based polyurethane color paste.

[0049] The polyurethane elastomer A and B components are stirred evenly and poured into the mold obtained in step 1), and hot pressed at 85° C. for 10 hours by a flat vulcanizer. After cooling, demolding and trimming are performed to obtain a polyurethane elastomer protective layer covering the surface of the reinforcement layer. The thickness of the polyurethane elastomer protective layer is 3 mm, and an impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption is obtained.

[0050] Density test was carried out according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density was 400Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 8.5MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 12.46KJ / ㎡; the water absorption test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1034-2008, and the water absorption was 0.58%.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A method for preparing an impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0053] 1) The main body of the buoyancy material is covered with a reinforcement layer

[0054] The resin raw materials are calculated by weight: 100 parts of 3201 resin, 3 parts of LC curing agent, 1 part of E5 accelerator, 0.7 parts of KH-560 coupling agent, 12 parts of FR-685 flame retardant, 1 part of S06 diluent and 0.2 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0055] The HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam was machined into the required shape, and the high-strength glass fiber cloth was cut and dried at 85°C for 2 hours. A 3mm glass fiber composite skin was covered on the surface of the HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam by vacuum infusion, and after 5 hours of post-curing, the surface of the glass fiber composite skin was roughened and placed in a mold, and the mold was preheated at 60°C for 50 minutes.

[0056] 2) The surface of the reinforcement layer is covered with a protective layer

[0057] The raw materials of component A of polyurethane elastomer are weighed in parts by mass: 55 parts of polyether DL1000, 40 parts of PTBG, and 20 parts of T-100. The main raw materials of component B are weighed in parts by weight: 4 parts of Multranol8224, 1.2 parts of ethylene glycol, 2 parts of DMTDA, 3.5 parts of antioxidant 2103, 3 parts of UV-260, 4 parts of PC-5, and 4 parts of water-based polyurethane color paste.

[0058] The polyurethane elastomer A and B components are stirred evenly and poured into the mold obtained in step 1), and hot pressed at 85° C. for 10 hours by a flat vulcanizer. After cooling, demolding and trimming are performed to obtain a polyurethane elastomer protective layer covering the surface of the reinforcement layer. The thickness of the polyurethane elastomer protective layer is 3 mm, and an impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption is obtained.

[0059] Density test was carried out according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density was 411Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 8.92MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 13.18KJ / ㎡; the water absorption test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1034-2008, and the water absorption was 0.54%.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] 1) The main body of the buoyancy material is covered with a reinforcement layer

[0062] The resin raw materials are calculated by weight: 100 parts of 3201 resin, 4 parts of LC curing agent, 2.4 parts of E5 accelerator, 0.9 parts of KH-560 coupling agent, 11 parts of FR-685 flame retardant, 3 parts of S06 diluent and 0.5 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0063] The HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam was machined into the required shape, and the high-strength glass fiber cloth was cut and dried at 85°C for 2 hours. A 3mm glass fiber composite skin was covered on the surface of the HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam by vacuum infusion, and after 5 hours of post-curing, the surface of the glass fiber composite skin was roughened and placed in a mold, and the mold was preheated at 60°C for 50 minutes.

[0064] 2) The surface of the reinforcement layer is covered with a protective layer

[0065] The raw materials of component A of polyurethane elastomer are weighed in parts by mass: 60 parts of polyether DL1000, 30 parts of PTBG, and 25 parts of T-100. The main raw materials of component B are weighed in parts by weight: 7 parts of Multranol8224, 3 parts of ethylene glycol, 1.8 parts of DMTDA, 4.5 parts of antioxidant 2103, 2.8 parts of UV-260, 5 parts of PC-5, and 4 parts of color paste.

[0066] The polyurethane elastomer components A and B are stirred evenly and poured into the mold obtained in step 1), and hot-pressed at 85° C. for 10 hours by a flat vulcanizer. After cooling, the mold is demolded and trimmed to obtain a polyurethane elastomer protective layer covering the surface of the reinforcement layer, thereby obtaining an impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption.

[0067] Density test was carried out according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density was 394Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 8.16MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 11.29KJ / ㎡; the water absorption test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1034-2008, and the water absorption was 0.86%.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] The specific operation is the same as that of Example 1, except that the HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam is replaced by HW030 polyvinyl chloride rigid foam.

[0070] Density test was carried out according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density was 414Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 7.94MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 10.21KJ / ㎡; the water absorption test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1034-2008, and the water absorption was 0.63%.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] The specific operation is the same as that of Example 1, except that the polyurethane elastic material is directly coated on the HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam without a reinforcement layer.

[0073] Density test was carried out according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density was 386Kg / m 3; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 7.46MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 9.52KJ / ㎡; the water absorption test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1034-2008, and the water absorption was 0.69%.

[0074] Comparative Example 3

[0075] The specific operation is the same as that of Example 1, except that the polyurethane elastic material is not coated.

[0076] Density test was carried out according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density was 398Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 5.12MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 6.08KJ / ㎡; the water absorption test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1034-2008, and the water absorption was 1.21%.

[0077] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0078] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low water absorption impact resistant buoyancy sheet material, characterized in that: It includes a buoyancy material body and a reinforcement layer and a protective layer sequentially covering the surface of the buoyancy material body, wherein the reinforcement layer is compounded by glass fiber cloth and resin through a vacuum infusion process; the protective layer material is polyurethane elastomer; wherein: The polyurethane elastomer is compounded by two components A and B. The main raw materials of component A include, by weight: 40-60 parts of polyether polyol A, 30-60 parts of polyether polyol B, and 20-30 parts of toluene diisocyanate; the main raw materials of component B include, by weight: 2-8 parts of hydrophobic polyether, 0.5-4 parts of small molecule polyol, 1-3 parts of diamine chain extender, 1-6 parts of antioxidant, 1.5-5 parts of light stabilizer, 2-7 parts of catalyst, and 1-6 parts of color paste.

2. The low water absorption impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the reinforcement layer is 2-4 mm; the thickness of the protection layer is 3-6 mm.

3. The low water absorption impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main buoyancy material is HW030F polyvinyl chloride rigid foam buoyancy material.

4. The low water absorption impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In component A of the polyurethane elastomer, the polyether polyol A is one or more combinations of VORANOL 400LM, polyether DL1000, and polyether N210; the polyether polyol B is one or more combinations of PTMEG-2000, PPG-1000, and PTBG.

5. The low water absorption impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In component B of the polyurethane elastomer, the hydrophobic polyether is one or more combinations of DL-1000D, Multranol8224, and VORANOL T5001; the small molecule polyol is one or more combinations of 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol; the diamine chain extender is one or more combinations of methylcyclohexanediamine, dimethylthiotoluenediamine, and diethyltoluenediamine; the antioxidant is one or more combinations of PEP-36, antioxidant 2103, and PG03B; the light stabilizer is one or more combinations of Tinuvin B75, UV-260, and Tinuvin PUR 866; the catalyst is one or more combinations of PC-5, TMR-2, and BDMA; and the color paste is a water-based polyurethane color paste.

6. The low water absorption impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin raw materials are calculated by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 3-5 parts of curing agent, 0.4-5 parts of accelerator, 0.4-2 parts of coupling agent, 6-14 parts of flame retardant, 0-5 parts of diluent and 0.2-1.2 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

7. The low water absorption impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vinyl resin is one or more combinations of MFE-2 resin, 3201 resin, 901 resin, and 820 (m) resin; the curing agent is one or more combinations of LC curing agent, K90 curing agent, and L liquid curing agent; the accelerator is one or more combinations of 1305 accelerator, BPO accelerator, E5 accelerator, and E4 accelerator; the coupling agent is one or more combinations of KH-560 coupling agent, KH-570 coupling agent, and titanate coupling agent; the flame retardant is one or more combinations of FR-2025 flame retardant, FR-685 flame retardant, and FR-8705 flame retardant; the diluent is one or more combinations of styrene diluent, S06 diluent, UE6H diluent, and vinyl toluene; the solid filler is white carbon black, with a silicon dioxide content of 90-98% and a specific surface area of ​​161-800m 2 / g.

8. A method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet with low water absorption as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Compounding glass fiber cloth and resin on the surface of the main body of the buoyancy material by vacuum infusion method to obtain a glass fiber / resin composite material skin, and then performing surface roughening treatment to obtain a reinforcement layer covering the surface of the main body of the buoyancy material; 2) On the surface of the reinforcement layer obtained in step 1), a protective layer is obtained by hot pressing the polyurethane elastomer raw material to obtain a low water absorption anti-impact buoyancy sheet.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step 1), the surface of the buoyancy material body is covered with a glass fiber / resin composite skin by vacuum infusion, and after 4 to 8 hours of post-curing, the surface of the glass fiber composite skin is roughened and placed in a mold, and the mold is preheated at 50-70° C. for 30 to 50 minutes in advance.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step 2), the hot pressing process is: hot pressing at 80° C. to 90° C. for 5 to 10 hours.

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