Intelligent self-floating kelp buoy device and arraying system

Abstract

The invention provides a self-floating and self-sinking kelp intelligent buoy device and an arraying system, and relates to the field of ocean buoys. The antenna system comprises a telescopic DGPS, one end of the telescopic DGPS is inserted into the device and connected with the information processing system, and the other end of the telescopic DGPS extends out to be used for positioning; the antenna system is connected with the information processing system; the buoy is arranged in the upper hemisphere of the buoy device, the energy supplementing system is arranged in the buoy, and the energy supplementing system converts collected energy into electric energy and stores the electric energy for supplying power to the whole device; the microphone converts the collected external sound signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the information processing system; the hydrophone is used for receiving a sound signal in water, converting the sound signal into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the information processing system; the self-sinking and floating system is arranged in the lower semi-sphere of the whole device, and the information processing system can control the buoy to achieve self-sinking and floating of the device. The method can be used as an important tool for detecting hypersonic guided missiles and underwater hidden targets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean buoys, and in particular relates to a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device and an array system. Background Art

[0004] The performance of the "Kelp Smart Buoy" makes it an important tool for detecting hypersonic missiles and underwater targets. First, the distributed array of buoys can accurately detect the acoustic characteristics generated during the launch of hypersonic missiles, which can effectively provide the location information of the missile and provide early warning and target tracking capabilities for the anti-missile system. Second, the buoy has the function of self-floating and sinking. The multi-base system composed of multiple buoys underwater can improve the detection capability of underwater hidden targets, make full use of the echo characteristics of the target at different angles, and make rapid and correct judgments in a vast sea area. Third, the "Kelp Smart Buoy" has a lower positioning risk. When working on the sea surface, the buoy floats flush with the water surface and has an extremely low density. When working underwater, the buoy is small in size and has a low sound wave reflection area, making it difficult for the enemy to locate it. This concealment enables the buoy to better perform its tasks and provide intelligence support without being easily discovered and interfered with by the opponent.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device and array system. It aims to provide an effective defense tool. By deploying a large number of "kelp intelligent buoys", a kelp-shaped monitoring network covering a wide sea area is constructed to provide real-time warnings for the launch of hypersonic missiles and detect underwater hidden targets. The acquisition and transmission of such real-time information can take timely and effective anti-missile and anti-submarine measures, and improve the success rate of maritime operations and battlefield control capabilities.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device, comprising:

[0008] The buoy device comprises: an antenna system, an energy replenishment system, a microphone, an information processing system, a hydrophone, a self-sinking and floating system and a buoy;

[0009] The buoy device is in the shape of a sphere as a whole;

[0010] The antenna system includes a retractable DGPS, one end of which is inserted into a device and connected to an information processing system, and the other end is extended outside for positioning; the antenna system is connected to the information processing system;

[0011] The buoy is arranged in the upper hemisphere of the buoy device, and the energy replenishment system is arranged in the buoy. The energy replenishment system converts the collected energy into electrical energy and stores it for powering the entire device;

[0012] The microphone converts the collected external acoustic signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the information processing system;

[0013] The hydrophone is used to receive acoustic signals in water and convert them into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the information processing system;

[0014] The self-sinking and floating system is arranged in the lower hemisphere of the entire device, and the information processing system can control the buoy to realize the self-sinking and floating of the device.

[0015] Optionally, the antenna system also includes a communication link antenna and Beidou, the Beidou is used for navigation, and the communication link antenna is used for data transmission.

[0016] Optionally, the energy replenishment system includes a bearing seat, a swaying pendulum, an input gear, an output gear, a generator, an electric energy conversion system and a battery;

[0017] The input shaft is mounted between two bearing seats, the swing pendulum is sleeved on the input shaft, the main body of the swing pendulum is a fan-shaped structure, and a pendulum is arranged on the main body;

[0018] The buoy is sleeved on the outside of the rocking pendulum. The buoy rocks under the action of waves, breaking the equilibrium state of the rocking pendulum and causing the rocking pendulum to swing around the input shaft, thereby capturing energy; the discontinuous swing is converted into a circular motion by increasing the speed through the input gear and the output gear, and the generator is driven to generate electricity, and through the rectification, filtering and voltage stabilization of the power conversion system, a stable voltage and current are obtained, which are stored in the battery for charging the entire device.

[0019] Optionally, the generator is a permanent magnet generator; and the hydrophone is a vector hydrophone.

[0020] Optionally, the self-sinking and floating system can receive commands and execute self-destruct instructions to sink the buoy device to the seabed for self-destruction in a timely manner.

[0021] Optionally, the buoy device further comprises a propeller system, wherein the propeller system comprises propeller blades, wherein the propeller blades are arranged at the bottom of the buoy device, and wherein the propeller blades can be used to drive the turbine to rotate and generate electricity.

[0022] Optionally, the buoy device further comprises a solar energy system, wherein the solar energy system comprises a solar panel, which converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores the electrical energy in a battery.

[0023] Optionally, the buoy device further includes a buoy upper shell and a buoy lower shell, both of which are formed as semi-spheres and buckled together to form a spherical buoy device.

[0024] Optionally, the internal circulation system composed of the buoy and the self-sinking and floating system can automatically inflate, inject oil, or pump back gas and oil to change the buoyancy of the device itself in seawater and achieve autonomous floating and sinking.

[0025] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an intelligent buoy device array system, comprising the self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention. The system adopts a neural network intelligent decision-making method to give an optimal array and buoy position distribution plan; the array system comprises a plurality of self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy devices according to any one of the first aspects of the invention, and the plurality of buoy devices are distributed and arranged according to the distribution plan to form an intelligent buoy device array system.

[0026] The beneficial effects brought by the present invention are as follows:

[0027] It can be seen from the above scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device and array system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] After a large number of buoy devices are deployed on the sea surface, they can form a wide "warning line", with both sea surface and underwater working modes, using wave energy to supplement the buoy energy, using intelligent decision-making methods to design the best buoy deployment formation, using self-floating and sinking technology to control the buoy to perform corresponding tasks, and combining vector detection technology to improve positioning accuracy. This intelligent buoy can be used as an important tool for detecting hypersonic missiles and underwater hidden targets, providing us with a wider range of choices and higher response capabilities in different sea areas and various combat environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device provided according to an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an energy replenishment system in a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device provided according to an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a neural network in a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device provided according to an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the directivity of vector hydrophone and scalar hydrophone.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Antenna system;

[0035] 2. Energy replenishment system;

[0036] 21. buoy; 22. bearing seat; 23. swing pendulum; 24. input gear; 25. output gear; 26. generator; 27. power conversion system; 28. battery;

[0037] 3. Buoy upper shell;

[0038] 4. Microphone;

[0039] 5. Information processing system;

[0040] 6. Hydrophone;

[0041] 7. Self-sinking and floating system;

[0042] 71. Buoy;

[0043] 8. Propeller system;

[0044] 9. Buoy lower shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In view of the threats that surface ships are currently facing from hypersonic anti-ship missiles and underwater hidden targets, the present invention designs a "kelp smart buoy" with self-floating and sinking capabilities. When the buoy is on the sea surface, it forms a floating network to detect the acoustic characteristics of hypersonic missiles and enhance the defense capability against missiles; when the buoy is underwater, it forms a multi-base sonar system, which can sink to a predetermined depth to start detection, covertly detect and locate underwater targets, and protect the safety of our surface ship formation. The kelp smart buoy can realize flexible monitoring of targets at sea and underwater, and enhance our ability to detect, warn, and defend targets.

[0047] The present application provides a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device, which mainly includes the following contents:

[0048] 1) Design an ocean buoy energy replenishment technology based on the principle of wave energy;

[0049] 2) Intelligent decision-making method for buoy deployment based on neural network;

[0050] 3) Design of self-floating and sinking sonar buoy;

[0051] 4) Vector hydrophone direction finding technology.

[0052] Among them, the buoy energy replenishment technology uses ocean currents to generate electricity. The ups and downs of waves will cause the buoy to sway and swing, converting wave energy into usable electrical energy to replenish energy for the electronic equipment in the buoy and enhance the buoy's endurance. The intelligent decision-making method for buoy array is to use artificial intelligence methods to learn the optimal array samples, calculate the optimal sonar buoy deployment formation and tactics according to the combat mission, realize the precise deployment of sonar buoys, and use the least number of buoys to complete effective monitoring of the designated area. The self-floating and sinking buoy design adjusts its own buoyancy in seawater by changing its volume, realizes free switching of multi-task scenarios, and broadens the working range of the sonar buoy. The vector hydrophone technology suppresses isotropic noise through the joint processing of sound pressure and vibration velocity. A single vector hydrophone can estimate the target direction. It has the characteristics of small size and low complexity. It is suitable for installation inside the smart buoy to detect target noise and determine the target direction.

[0053] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device is provided. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the buoy device includes: an antenna system 1, an energy replenishment system 2, a microphone 4, an information processing system 5, a hydrophone 6, a self-sinking and floating system 7 and a buoy 71;

[0054] The buoy device is in the shape of a sphere as a whole; the buoy device also includes a buoy upper shell 3 and a buoy lower shell 9, both of which are formed in the shape of a semi-sphere and buckled together to form a spherical buoy device.

[0055] The antenna system 1 includes a retractable DGPS, one end of which is inserted into a device and connected to an information processing system, and the other end is extended outside for positioning; the antenna system 1 is connected to an information processing system 5;

[0056] The energy replenishment system 2 is arranged in the upper hemisphere of the entire device, and converts the collected energy into electrical energy and stores it for powering the entire device;

[0057] The microphone 4 converts the collected external sound signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the information processing system 5;

[0058] The hydrophone 6 is used to receive the acoustic signal in the water and convert it into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the information processing system 5;

[0059] The self-sinking and floating system 7 is arranged in the lower hemisphere of the entire device. A buoy 21 is arranged in the self-sinking and floating system 7. The information processing system can control the buoy 21 to realize the self-sinking and floating of the device.

[0060] The antenna system 1 also includes a communication link antenna and Beidou, the Beidou is used for navigation, and the communication link antenna is used for data transmission.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy replenishment system 2 includes a bearing seat 22, a rocking pendulum 23, an input gear 24, an output gear 25, a generator 26, an electric energy conversion system 27 and a battery 28; the input shaft is mounted between the two bearing seats 22, the rocking pendulum 23 is sleeved on the input shaft, the main body of the rocking pendulum 23 is a fan-shaped structure, and a pendulum is arranged on the main body; the buoy 71 is sleeved on the outside of the rocking pendulum 23, and the buoy 71 rocks under the action of waves, breaking the equilibrium state of the rocking pendulum 23, so that the rocking pendulum 23 swings around the input shaft, thereby capturing energy; the input gear 24 and the output gear 25 increase the speed, converting the discontinuous swing into a circular motion, and driving the generator 26 to generate electricity, and through the rectification, filtering and voltage stabilization of the electric energy conversion system 27, a stable voltage and current are obtained, and stored in the battery 28 for charging the entire device; wherein the generator 26 is a permanent magnet generator 26.

[0062] The energy replenishment system 2 is installed inside the buoy device. The buoy shakes under the action of waves, and the shaking is caused by the roll of the attached body, which breaks the equilibrium state of the shaking pendulum and makes it swing around the input axis, thereby capturing energy. Through the gear speed increase mechanism, the discontinuous fixed-axis swing is converted into a circular motion, and the permanent magnet generator is driven to rectify, filter, and stabilize the voltage to obtain a stable voltage and current, which is used to replenish the power of the buoy or charge the battery to ensure that the ocean buoy can work for a long time. The device has a simple and compact structure. Compared with other power generation devices, it occupies a small space, and the device is isolated from the outside world, which is conducive to resisting complex environments. The system consists of a shaking pendulum, an input gear, an output gear, a generator, an electric energy conversion and energy storage system, etc., and each part is installed in a box.

[0063] Wherein, the hydrophone 6 is a vector hydrophone, and the vector hydrophone detection technology is used. Figure 4 It can be seen that compared with scalar hydrophones, vector hydrophones have natural dipole directivity ("8" shape), and a single vector hydrophone can form spatial directivity and complete the direction finding of the target. The channels of the vector hydrophone are regarded as multi-element arrays, and each array element is approximately located at the same position in space. By taking advantage of the array flow characteristics of a single vector hydrophone, the existing array signal processing method can be applied to a single vector hydrophone for target direction estimation.

[0064] Due to the small size of ocean buoys, there is enough wave energy in the ocean for them to extract. Wave energy powered buoys can be deployed in almost all sea areas to convert the wave energy in the detection sea area into electrical energy to provide energy for the electrical instruments carried by the buoys, which will greatly reduce the maintenance cost of the buoys, improve the endurance of the buoys, and expand the application environment of the buoys. In the sea environment without wind and waves, electric propellers are installed at the bottom of the buoys, and on sunny days without waves, they are directly driven by solar panels for energy replenishment.

[0065] In some specific embodiments, the self-sinking and floating system 7 receives commands and can execute self-destruction instructions to sink the buoy device to the seabed and self-destruct in time. The retractable DGPS, Beidou, and communication chain antennas on the top are used for positioning, navigation, and data transmission to assist the buoy to work on the sea surface. The positioning information can be transmitted back to the command center through the communication link. The middle part is the vector hydrophone and the buoy energy replenishment area, which is used to monitor acoustic characteristics and replenish energy. The lower part is the floating control module to control the buoy's floating and sinking. The bottom is connected to the propeller blade, which can be used to drive the turbine to rotate and generate electricity. When the task is completed or an abnormality is found, the self-destruction control command can be transmitted to the buoy, and the buoy can be sunk to the seabed and self-destructed in time to avoid being salvaged by the other party and causing data leakage; the internal circulation system composed of the buoy 71 and the self-sinking and floating system 7 can automatically inflate, inject oil, or pump back gas and oil to change the buoy's own buoyancy in the seawater and achieve autonomous floating.

[0066] In addition, in order to meet the two mission scenarios of the smart buoy designed in this work: one is to detect hypersonic missiles, and the other is to detect underwater targets. A self-floating and sinking sonar buoy is designed to achieve free switching of mission scenarios and broaden the working range of the sonar buoy.

[0067] The self-floating and sinking buoy will drift freely with the ocean currents, and can automatically float up and sink by changing its own volume. It will automatically inflate, inject oil, or pump back gas and oil through the internal circulation system at regular intervals to change its own buoyancy in the seawater, achieving autonomous floating and sinking without causing secondary pollution to the ocean. This cycle repeats itself, and it operates automatically on the sea.

[0068] In some specific embodiments, the buoy device further includes a propeller system 8, wherein the propeller system 8 includes propeller blades, wherein the propeller blades are arranged at the bottom of the buoy device, and the propeller blades can be used to drive the turbine to rotate and generate electricity.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, the buoy device further comprises a solar energy system, wherein the solar energy system comprises a solar panel, which converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores the electrical energy in a storage battery 28 .

[0070] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for the deployment of intelligent buoy devices, the system adopts a neural network intelligent decision-making method to provide an optimal deployment and buoy position distribution plan; the deployment system comprises a plurality of the self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy devices, and the plurality of buoy devices are distributed and arranged according to the distribution plan to form a system for the deployment of intelligent buoy devices.

[0071] Specifically, the intelligent decision-making method for buoy deployment is to effectively detect targets, use the least number of buoys to complete effective monitoring of the area, and design the optimal formation and deployment plan of sonar buoys under specified mission conditions. The optimal deployment samples are learned by artificial intelligence methods, so that the auxiliary decision-making system can autonomously provide the optimal buoy deployment plan according to the combat mission, such as Figure 3 The figure shows the structure of the neural network.

[0072] Each buoy is numbered in advance and the coordinates of its release are recorded. When the buoy sends back a signal, the command center personnel can clearly identify which buoy sent the information and the buoy's location. Based on the intelligence collected by the buoy, it is input into the neural network, and the neural network algorithm is used to learn the rules from a large amount of historical and empirical data to make intelligent identification and predictions of new samples. Figure 2 A neural network structure diagram is given. In the diagram, the length and width of the target area and the buoy monitoring radius are taken as input, and the minimum number of buoys and their deployment coordinates required to achieve the detection index are taken as output. The optimal buoy deployment method is trained and learned to provide certain experience support for the detection of targets, meet the needs of auxiliary decision-making tasks, save reaction decision-making time, and enhance core combat capabilities.

[0073] This application can be used to warn of hypersonic missiles. When performing the task of early warning of hypersonic missiles, a large number of smart buoys deployed on the sea surface can form a warning line. The distributed buoy array can detect the acoustic characteristics of hypersonic missiles, automatically detect target noise data, and transmit the alarm information back to the command center, so as to timely predict the missile trajectory information, gain reaction time to avoid weapon attacks, protect our ships from enemy attacks, better respond to the threat of hypersonic missiles, and ensure the vitality of personnel and surface ships.

[0074] At the same time, the buoy system has a low deployment density, and is not easily detected by the enemy even when floating on the sea surface. It has good concealment, and the manufacturing cost of the buoy is low, and it can work continuously for a long time.

[0075] This application can also be used to detect underwater targets by networking

[0076] When performing underwater tasks, the intelligent buoy controls the internal self-floating and sinking device to sink to the specified mission depth, and automatically switches the hydrophone working frequency band to detect low-frequency underwater targets. Multiple sonar buoys can form an underwater distributed pre-set reconnaissance network, coordinate networking to monitor underwater targets, and achieve covert detection and reconnaissance of enemy surface ships, submarines, and UUVs, and obtain information such as target occupancy status and motion elements, providing an information basis for close reconnaissance, deception, and strikes of early warning function payloads.

[0077] In summary: This application, because of its self-generating ability, will greatly reduce the maintenance cost of the buoy, improve the endurance of the buoy, and expand the application environment of the buoy. The intelligent algorithm used in this application can provide certain experience support for the detection of targets, meet the needs of auxiliary decision-making tasks, save reaction and decision-making time, and enhance core combat capabilities. The vector hydrophone installed inside the intelligent buoy of this application can provide more comprehensive and reliable acoustic physics information, has a strong ability to resist isotropic noise, improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and greatly improves the accuracy of azimuth estimation. It also has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, and miniaturization, and is more suitable for performing long-term detection tasks. The buoy device proposed in this application is conducive to promoting the widespread application of sonar buoys and vector hydrophones, which can improve the identification, early warning and detection capabilities of hypersonic missiles and underwater targets, expand the area and scope of our formation's alert missions, and broaden the missions of manned and unmanned ships.

[0078] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device, characterized in that: The buoy device comprises: an antenna system, an energy replenishment system, a microphone, an information processing system, a hydrophone, a self-sinking and floating system and a buoy; The buoy device is in the shape of a sphere as a whole; The antenna system includes a retractable DGPS, one end of which is inserted into a device and connected to an information processing system, and the other end is extended outside for positioning; the antenna system is connected to the information processing system; The buoy is arranged in the upper hemisphere of the buoy device, and the energy replenishment system is arranged in the buoy. The energy replenishment system converts the collected energy into electrical energy and stores it for powering the entire device; The microphone converts the collected external acoustic signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the information processing system; The hydrophone is used to receive acoustic signals in water and convert them into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the information processing system; The self-sinking and floating system is arranged in the lower hemisphere of the entire device, and the information processing system can control the buoy to realize the self-sinking and floating of the device.

2. The self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The antenna system also includes a communication chain antenna and Beidou, the Beidou is used for navigation, and the communication chain antenna is used for data transmission.

3. The self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The energy replenishment system includes a bearing seat, a swaying pendulum, an input gear, an output gear, a generator, an electric energy conversion system and a battery; The input shaft is mounted between two bearing seats, the swing pendulum is sleeved on the input shaft, the main body of the swing pendulum is a fan-shaped structure, and a pendulum is arranged on the main body; The buoy is sleeved on the outside of the rocking pendulum. The buoy rocks under the action of waves, breaking the equilibrium state of the rocking pendulum and causing the rocking pendulum to swing around the input shaft, thereby capturing energy. The discontinuous swing is converted into a circular motion by increasing the speed through the input gear and the output gear, and the generator is driven to generate electricity. Through the rectification, filtering and voltage stabilization of the power conversion system, stable voltage and current are obtained, which are stored in the battery for charging the entire device.

4. The self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The generator is a permanent magnet generator; the hydrophone is a vector hydrophone.

5. The self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The self-sinking and floating system can receive commands and execute self-destruct instructions to sink the buoy device into the seabed and self-destruct in time.

6. The self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The buoy device further comprises a propeller system, wherein the propeller system comprises propeller blades, wherein the propeller blades are arranged at the bottom of the buoy device, and the propeller blades can be used to drive the turbine to rotate and generate electricity.

7. The self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The buoy device also includes a solar energy system, which includes a solar panel, converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores the electrical energy in a battery.

8. The self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The buoy device also includes a buoy upper shell and a buoy lower shell, both of which are formed of semi-spheres and buckled together to form a spherical buoy device.

9. The self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The internal circulation system composed of the buoy and the self-sinking and floating system can automatically inflate, inject oil, or pump back gas and oil to change the buoyancy of the device itself in seawater and achieve autonomous floating and sinking.

10. An intelligent buoy device array system, characterized in that: The system adopts a neural network intelligent decision-making method to give the optimal array and buoy position distribution plan; the array system includes a plurality of self-floating and sinking kelp intelligent buoy devices as described in any one of claims 1-9, and a plurality of buoy devices are distributed and arranged according to the distribution plan to form an intelligent buoy device array system.

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