Offshore salinity gradient energy power generation system, method and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean energy utilization, and discloses an offshore salinity gradient energy power generation system, method and equipment, which combines a vapor pressure difference power generation technology and a microbial desalination and desalination technology, and takes the vapor pressure difference power generation technology as the technical core of the offshore salinity gradient energy power generation system. Fresh water supply required by vapor pressure difference power generation is provided in the desalination process by using a microbial desalination technology, a conventional seawater desalination device is replaced, the energy consumption of seawater desalination treatment is reduced, the requirement of a vapor pressure energy method power generation technology on a geographic position is also reduced, and the power generation efficiency is improved. An existing salinity gradient energy power generation system gets rid of application limitation of river estuaries, efficient application on the sea is achieved, and the application scene is expanded; and electricity can be synchronously generated in the desalination and desalination process, so that the energy consumption of the system is reduced, the overall power density and the power generation efficiency are further improved, and the preparation and maintenance cost of the device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ocean energy utilization, and in particular to an offshore salinity difference energy power generation system, method and equipment. Background Art

[0002] The huge amount of new energy reserves in the ocean has become a hot spot in renewable clean energy. Offshore power generation technologies such as wave energy, offshore wind power, tidal energy, and salinity difference energy have received a lot of attention. Among them, salinity difference energy generation technology uses the salinity difference between salt water and fresh water to generate electricity. The principle is simple and the potential is huge. At present, many countries in the world are conducting research on marine salinity difference energy, which is still in the early stages. There are three relatively mature salt difference energy generation methods: osmotic pressure energy method, reverse electrodialysis method and vapor pressure energy method.

[0003] The core of the osmotic pressure energy method and the reverse electrodialysis method is the osmotic membrane. The osmotic pressure energy method requires a large number of osmotic membranes with high water permeability, and the reverse electrodialysis method requires a large number of highly selective ion permeable membranes. The cost and performance of the osmotic membrane have become the main bottlenecks in the development of the osmotic pressure energy method and the reverse electrodialysis method. The steam pressure energy method does not rely on the osmotic membrane to generate electricity, but it consumes a large amount of fresh water and has high requirements for the geographical location.

[0004] Since rivers and sea estuaries can continuously provide salt water and fresh water, the existing salt difference energy power generation system can usually only be used at the river estuaries and is difficult to be used in places where there is a lack of fresh water at sea. If it is used at sea, the problem of fresh water supply must be solved, that is, seawater desalination equipment is used to desalinate seawater and turn seawater into fresh water for the system. However, conventional seawater desalination equipment consumes a lot of energy, which reduces the net output power of the system, thereby affecting the overall power generation efficiency and resulting in a lack of practicality. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an offshore salt difference energy power generation system, method and equipment, which solve the technical problem that the existing salt difference energy power generation system is difficult to be efficiently applied at sea.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides an offshore salt difference energy power generation system, comprising a seawater desalination module and a steam pressure difference power generation module;

[0007] The seawater desalination module comprises an anode chamber, a desalination chamber and a cathode chamber;

[0008] One side of the desalination chamber is connected to the anode chamber;

[0009] The other side of the desalination chamber is connected to the cathode chamber;

[0010] The anode chamber, the cathode chamber and the desalination chamber are used to cooperate with each other to perform microbial desalination treatment on seawater to generate fresh water and electrical energy, and transmit the fresh water to the steam pressure difference power generation module;

[0011] The steam pressure difference power generation module is used to generate electric energy by using the airflow generated by the steam pressure difference between the desalinated fresh water and seawater to generate pressure difference power.

[0012] Optionally, the steam pressure difference power generation module comprises an upper steam space and a lower fluid space arranged in upper and lower layers;

[0013] The lower fluid space includes a fresh water chamber and a sea water chamber;

[0014] The fresh water chamber is connected to the desalination chamber, and the fresh water chamber is used to store the desalinated fresh water transmitted by the desalination chamber;

[0015] The fresh water chamber is connected to the sea water chamber via a heat exchanger, and the sea water chamber is used to store sea water;

[0016] The heat exchanger is used to transfer the heat energy of the seawater chamber to the freshwater chamber to maintain the vapor pressure difference between the freshwater chamber and the seawater chamber;

[0017] A turbine generator is arranged in the upper steam space, and the turbine generator is used to generate electric energy by using the airflow generated by the steam pressure difference between the fresh water chamber and the sea water chamber to generate pressure difference power.

[0018] Optionally, the anode chamber comprises an anode and electrogenic microorganisms;

[0019] One side of the desalination chamber is separated from the anode chamber by an anion exchange membrane;

[0020] The electrogenic microorganisms are used to decompose organic matter in the seawater in the anode chamber to generate electrons and protons;

[0021] The anion exchange membrane is used to block the protons from entering the desalination chamber and allow the anions in the seawater in the desalination chamber to enter the anode chamber to react with the protons, thereby maintaining the charge balance of the anode chamber;

[0022] The anode is used to transfer the electrons to the cathode chamber.

[0023] Optionally, the cathode chamber comprises a cathode and an oxidant;

[0024] The other side of the desalination chamber is separated from the cathode chamber by a cation exchange membrane;

[0025] The oxidant is used to perform a reduction reaction with the electrons transferred to the cathode chamber to generate negative ions;

[0026] The cation exchange membrane is used to block the negative ions from entering the desalination chamber and allow the positive ions in the seawater in the desalination chamber to enter the cathode chamber to react with the negative ions, thereby maintaining the charge balance of the cathode chamber;

[0027] The cathode is used to cooperate with the anode to form an external circuit and generate electrical energy through the transfer process of the electrons.

[0028] Optionally, the electrogenic microorganism is any one of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Gram-negative marine bacteria, or a combination of both.

[0029] Optionally, the turbine generator is a steam pressure difference turbine generator.

[0030] Optionally, the oxidant is oxygen.

[0031] Optionally, it also includes an electric energy processing module;

[0032] The seawater desalination module and the steam pressure difference power generation module are both connected to the electric energy processing module;

[0033] The electric energy processing module is used to convert the generated electric energy into direct current electric energy and transmit it to the onshore power grid.

[0034] The second aspect of the present invention provides a power generation method applied to the offshore salinity difference energy power generation system, comprising:

[0035] Desalination of seawater by microorganisms to generate fresh water and electricity;

[0036] The airflow generated by the vapor pressure difference between desalinated fresh water and seawater is used to generate pressure difference power and generate electrical energy.

[0037] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the power generation method of the offshore salinity difference energy power generation system as described in any one of the above items.

[0038] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] The present invention combines the steam pressure difference power generation technology and the microbial desalination technology, takes the steam pressure difference power generation technology as the technical core of the offshore salt difference energy power generation system, and uses the microbial desalination technology to provide the required fresh water supply for the steam pressure difference power generation during the desalination process, replacing the conventional seawater desalination device, reducing the energy consumption of seawater desalination treatment, and also reducing the requirements of the steam pressure energy power generation technology on the geographical location, so that the existing salt difference energy power generation system gets rid of the application restrictions of the river estuary location, realizes efficient application at sea, and expands the application scenarios; and it can also generate electricity synchronously during the desalination process, which reduces the energy consumption of the system, further improves the overall power density and power generation efficiency, and reduces the preparation and maintenance costs of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a power generation control block diagram of an offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a seawater desalination module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a steam pressure difference power generation module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 A flowchart of the steps of a power generation method applied to an offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a computer device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention provide an offshore salinity difference energy power generation system, method and device, which are used to solve the technical problem that the existing salinity difference energy power generation system is difficult to be efficiently applied offshore.

[0047] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] There are three relatively mature salt difference energy generation methods: osmotic pressure energy method, reverse electrodialysis method and vapor pressure energy method; the technology of using osmotic membrane to generate electricity is osmotic pressure energy method and reverse electrodialysis method, and the technical disadvantage of using osmotic membrane to generate electricity is that the power density of osmotic membrane is low, and it is difficult to build a large-capacity and high-power power generation system with osmotic membrane power generation as the technical core. Such a system requires the use of a large area of ​​high-performance osmotic membrane for power generation, resulting in high preparation and maintenance costs; the technology of not using osmotic membrane to generate electricity is vapor pressure energy method, and the technical disadvantage of not using osmotic membrane to generate electricity is that the power generation device continuously consumes fresh water and needs to ensure the supply of fresh water, which usually can only be used in places such as river estuaries that can continuously provide salt water and fresh water, and it is difficult to apply it in places such as the sea where there is a lack of fresh water. If it is used at sea, the problem of fresh water supply must be solved, that is, the seawater desalination device is used to desalinate the seawater and turn the seawater into fresh water for the system. However, the conventional seawater desalination device has a large energy consumption, consumes a large amount of electricity generated by the system, affects the efficiency of the system, and lacks practicality.

[0049] The main difficulty in the development of existing salt difference energy power generation technology is that the development of high-performance osmotic membranes has been slow, and the power generation per unit membrane area cannot be further improved. The osmotic pressure energy method and reverse electrodialysis method require the use of large-area osmotic membranes to increase system power, resulting in the inability to effectively reduce preparation and maintenance costs. The core power generation principle of the steam pressure energy method is not the osmotic membrane, which can circumvent this technical difficulty, but it is necessary to reduce the energy consumption required for seawater desalination and desalination during the power generation process to improve the overall efficiency.

[0050] Therefore, the present invention proposes an offshore salt difference energy power generation system based on steam pressure difference power generation technology and microbial desalination technology. The system uses steam pressure difference and a turbine generator to generate electricity, retaining the core advantages of the steam pressure energy method in power generation performance; combining the characteristics and advantages of osmotic membrane technology, using microbial desalination technology to desalinate seawater, reducing the use and cost of osmotic membranes, while making up for the shortcomings of the steam pressure energy method in fresh water supply and energy consumption, and improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of the system.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] See also Figure 1-Figure 3The present invention provides an offshore salt difference energy power generation system, comprising a seawater desalination module and a steam pressure difference power generation module;

[0053] The seawater desalination module includes an anode chamber, a desalination chamber and a cathode chamber;

[0054] One side of the desalination chamber is connected to the anode chamber;

[0055] The other side of the desalination chamber is connected to the cathode chamber;

[0056] The anode chamber, cathode chamber and desalination chamber are used to cooperate with each other to carry out microbial desalination treatment on seawater, generate fresh water and electrical energy, and transmit the fresh water to the steam pressure difference power generation module;

[0057] The steam pressure difference power generation module is used to generate electric energy by utilizing the airflow generated by the steam pressure difference between the desalinated fresh water and seawater to generate pressure difference power.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode chamber, cathode chamber and desalination chamber in the seawater desalination module cooperate to perform microbial desalination treatment on seawater to generate fresh water and electric energy, and transmit the fresh water to the steam pressure difference power generation module, and the steam pressure difference power generation module uses the airflow generated by the steam pressure difference between the fresh water and seawater after desalination treatment to generate pressure difference power generation to generate electric energy; the present invention combines the steam pressure difference power generation technology and the microbial desalination technology, and uses the steam pressure difference power generation technology as the technical core of the offshore salt difference energy power generation system. The microbial desalination technology is used to provide the required fresh water supply for steam pressure difference power generation during the desalination process, replaces the conventional seawater desalination device, reduces the energy consumption of seawater desalination treatment, and also reduces the requirements of the steam pressure energy power generation technology for the geographical location, so that the existing salt difference energy power generation system is freed from the application restrictions of the river estuary location, realizes efficient application at sea, and expands the application scenarios; and electricity can be generated synchronously during the desalination process, which reduces the energy consumption of the system, further improves the overall power density and power generation efficiency, and reduces the preparation and maintenance costs of the device; solves the technical problem that the existing salt difference energy power generation system is difficult to be efficiently applied at sea.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides an offshore salt difference energy power generation system, wherein the steam pressure difference power generation module comprises an upper steam space and a lower fluid space arranged in layers;

[0061] The lower fluid space includes a freshwater chamber and a seawater chamber;

[0062] The fresh water room is connected to the desalination room, and the fresh water room is used to store the desalinated fresh water transmitted by the desalination room;

[0063] The fresh water chamber is connected to the sea water chamber through a heat exchanger, and the sea water chamber is used to store sea water;

[0064] A heat exchanger for transferring heat energy from the seawater chamber to the freshwater chamber to maintain a vapor pressure difference between the freshwater chamber and the seawater chamber;

[0065] A turbine generator is arranged in the upper steam space, and is used to generate electric energy by utilizing the airflow generated by the steam pressure difference between the fresh water chamber and the sea water chamber to generate pressure difference power.

[0066] The anode chamber includes an anode and electrogenic microorganisms;

[0067] One side of the desalination chamber is separated from the anode chamber by an anion exchange membrane;

[0068] Electrogenic microorganisms, which are used to decompose organic matter in the seawater in the anode chamber to generate electrons and protons;

[0069] Anion exchange membrane, used to block protons from entering the desalination chamber and allow anions in the seawater in the desalination chamber to enter the anode chamber to react with protons, thereby maintaining charge balance in the anode chamber;

[0070] The anode is used to transfer electrons to the cathode chamber.

[0071] The cathode chamber includes a cathode and an oxidant;

[0072] The other side of the desalination chamber is separated from the cathode chamber by a cation exchange membrane;

[0073] An oxidant for performing a reduction reaction with the electrons transferred to the cathode chamber to generate negative ions;

[0074] The cation exchange membrane is used to block the negative ions from entering the desalination chamber and allow the positive ions in the seawater in the desalination chamber to enter the cathode chamber to react with the negative ions, thereby maintaining the charge balance of the cathode chamber;

[0075] The cathode is used to cooperate with the anode to form an external circuit and generate electrical energy through the transfer process of electrons.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 2 The anode chamber is composed of an anode, seawater and electricity-producing microorganisms, and the anode chamber and the desalination chamber are separated by an anion exchange membrane (AEM); the cathode chamber is composed of a cathode, seawater and an oxidant, and the cathode chamber and the desalination chamber are separated by a cation exchange membrane (CEM).

[0077] It should be noted that the seawater desalination module is provided with a seawater inlet and a freshwater outlet. The seawater inlet is used to inject seawater into the seawater desalination module, and the freshwater outlet is used to discharge fresh water after microbial desalination treatment.

[0078] The specific working principle of the seawater desalination module is as follows:

[0079] The electrogenic microorganisms in the anode chamber oxidize and decompose organic matter in seawater, releasing electrons and protons. Because the anion exchange membrane (AEM) selectively allows negative ions to pass through, the protons produced in the anode chamber cannot pass through the anion exchange membrane (AEM) between the anode chamber and the desalination chamber, so the anions in the seawater in the desalination chamber (such as chloride ions) ) will be transferred to the anode chamber through the anion exchange membrane (AEM) to maintain charge balance; the electrons generated in the anode chamber are transferred to the cathode in the cathode chamber through the external circuit, and the oxidant in the cathode chamber (such as oxygen O2) is reduced to produce negative ions (such as oxygen ions) by obtaining electrons. ), because the cation exchange membrane (CEM) selectively allows positive ions to pass through, resulting in the negative ions produced in the cathode chamber being unable to pass through the cation exchange membrane (CEM) between the cathode chamber and the desalination chamber, so the cations in the seawater in the desalination chamber (such as sodium ions) ) will be transferred to the cathode chamber through the cation exchange membrane (CEM) to maintain charge balance. In this process, the seawater in the desalination chamber is desalinated without any external pressure or external electric field, providing the steam pressure difference power generation module with fresh water required for power generation, and the electrons generated in the anode chamber form an electric current in the process of being transferred to the cathode chamber through the external circuit, generating additional electrical energy.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 3 The steam pressure difference power generation module includes an upper steam space and a lower fluid space arranged in layers; the lower fluid space includes a fresh water chamber and a sea water chamber, and a turbine generator is arranged in the upper steam space. The fresh water chamber stores fresh water, and the sea water chamber stores sea water. The fresh water chamber and the sea water chamber are separated by a heat exchanger, and the turbine generator is arranged in the space above the fresh water chamber and the sea water chamber.

[0081] It should be noted that evaporators can be provided in both the fresh water chamber and the sea water chamber. The evaporators are any one or more combinations of single-effect evaporators, multiple-effect evaporators, mechanical compression evaporators and heat pump evaporators, which are used to accelerate the heating of the fluids in the fresh water chamber and the sea water chamber to accelerate their evaporation and improve the working effect.

[0082] The specific working principle of the steam pressure difference power generation module is as follows:

[0083] At the same temperature, the vapor pressure of fresh water in the fresh water chamber is greater than the vapor pressure of seawater in the seawater chamber, and a vapor pressure difference will naturally form between them. The vapor pressure difference generates airflow, which flows through the space above the fresh water chamber and the seawater chamber, from the fresh water chamber to the seawater chamber, and drives the turbine generator to generate electricity during the flow.

[0084] In this process, the fresh water in the fresh water chamber continuously evaporates and absorbs heat, causing the fresh water temperature to drop, and the vapor pressure of the fresh water chamber also decreases accordingly. After the steam reaches the seawater chamber, it continuously condenses and releases heat in the seawater, causing the brine temperature to rise, and the vapor pressure of the seawater chamber also increases accordingly. The vapor pressure difference between the fresh water chamber and the seawater chamber will gradually decrease, and the airflow will also decrease, causing the turbine generator speed to drop and the power generation to drop. Therefore, by continuously transferring heat energy from the seawater chamber back to the fresh water chamber through the heat exchanger, keeping the temperature of the fresh water chamber and the seawater chamber constant, the vapor pressure difference between the fresh water chamber and the seawater chamber can be maintained, thereby maintaining the airflow, making the turbine generator rotate constantly, and improving the power generation performance and stability.

[0085] The present invention provides an offshore salinity difference energy power generation system, wherein the electricity-generating microorganisms are any one of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Gram-negative marine bacteria or a combination of both.

[0086] When the electrogenic microorganism is any one of a sulfate-reducing bacterium and a Gram-negative marine bacterium:

[0087] It should be noted that sulfate-reducing bacteria have an efficient electron transfer mechanism and can quickly transfer electrons to the anode, thereby improving the efficiency of electricity generation. At the same time, sulfate-reducing bacteria can use sulfate as an electron acceptor for metabolism and have strong reducing ability. In the process of seawater desalination, sulfate is reduced to generate sulfide, thereby achieving desalination of seawater and electricity generation.

[0088] Gram-negative marine bacteria have diverse metabolic pathways and can use a variety of organic matter in seawater as substrates, including complex organic matter, simple organic acids and inorganic sulfides. At the same time, Gram-negative marine bacteria have an efficient electron transport chain that can quickly transfer electrons to the anode, thereby improving the efficiency of electricity generation. For example, Gram-negative marine bacteria such as Shewanella and Geobacter have efficient electron transfer capabilities.

[0089] When the electrogenic microorganisms are a combination of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Gram-negative marine bacteria:

[0090] It should be noted that sulfate-reducing bacteria and Gram-negative marine bacteria have different metabolic pathways and substrate preferences. By using them in combination, more types of organic matter in seawater can be used as substrates, thereby improving the substrate utilization rate and electricity production efficiency of seawater; at the same time, the metabolites of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Gram-negative marine bacteria can be used by each other to form a synergistic metabolic network. For example, sulfide produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria can be used as a substrate for Gram-negative marine bacteria, and the metabolites produced by Gram-negative marine bacteria can also be used as substrates for sulfate-reducing bacteria; through multi-substrate utilization and synergistic metabolism, the efficiency of electricity production can be improved and the output of electrical energy can be increased.

[0091] Moreover, the electron transfer mechanisms of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Gram-negative marine bacteria are different. The combined use of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Gram-negative marine bacteria can optimize the electron transfer chain, form a more efficient electron transfer network, and improve electron transfer efficiency.

[0092] The present invention provides an offshore salt difference energy power generation system, wherein the turbine generator is a steam pressure difference turbine generator.

[0093] It should be noted that the seawater in the seawater chamber and the fresh water in the freshwater chamber are heated by the evaporator respectively to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The steam drives the turbine to rotate under the pressure difference between the high pressure and the low pressure, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity.

[0094] The invention provides an offshore salinity difference energy power generation system, wherein the oxidant is oxygen.

[0095] It should be noted that oxygen is a non-toxic gas that is widely present in nature. Using oxygen as an oxidant does not produce harmful by-products, is environmentally friendly, and will not have a negative impact on microorganisms and the environment.

[0096] The offshore salinity difference energy power generation system provided by the present invention also includes an electric energy processing module;

[0097] The seawater desalination module and the steam pressure difference power generation module are both connected to the power processing module;

[0098] The power processing module is used to convert the generated electrical energy into DC power and transmit it to the onshore power grid.

[0099] It should be noted that the power processing module includes an offshore converter station and an onshore converter station;

[0100] The offshore converter station is connected to the onshore converter station via submarine cables;

[0101] The seawater desalination module and the steam pressure difference power generation module are both connected to the offshore converter station;

[0102] The onshore converter station is connected to the onshore power grid.

[0103] In an embodiment of the present invention, the offshore converter station converts the AC power generated by the seawater desalination module and the steam pressure difference power generation module into DC power, and transmits the DC power to the onshore converter station through a DC cable. The onshore converter station converts the transmitted DC power back into AC power and connects to the onshore power grid. By adopting flexible DC technology, the long-distance transmission of electric energy of the offshore salt difference energy power generation system can be realized, so that the offshore salt difference energy power generation system can be applied to offshore areas, not just offshore areas, further expanding the application scenarios of the offshore salt difference energy power generation system.

[0104] It is worth mentioning that the power processing module also includes multiple offshore energy storage stations;

[0105] Multiple offshore energy storage stations are distributed in offshore areas;

[0106] The seawater desalination module and the steam pressure difference power generation module are both connected to the offshore energy storage station;

[0107] In another embodiment of the present invention, by storing the seawater desalination module and the steam pressure difference power generation module in a far-sea energy storage station, the power demand of equipment operating in the far-sea area can be provided, reducing the dependence on land power, such as offshore oil drilling platforms, island power supply, ship power supply, etc.

[0108] It is worth mentioning that the present invention combines the advantages of two power generation technologies, namely, using steam pressure difference power generation technology as the technical core of the power generation system to ensure the power generation capacity of the system, and at the same time using osmotic membranes to replace conventional seawater desalination equipment to reduce the energy consumption of seawater desalination treatment.

[0109] Microbial desalination technology is centered on osmotic membranes (highly selective ion exchange membranes) and electricity-producing microorganisms. It can desalinate seawater without the need for external pressure or electric fields, with extremely low energy consumption. It can even use the movement of electrons to form electric current during the redox reaction of microorganisms to generate additional electricity.

[0110] Compared with the conventional osmotic pressure energy method and reverse electrodialysis method, the present invention does not use osmotic membrane as the main power generation device, and the main power generation device is a turbine generator, that is, it is not necessary to use a large amount of osmotic membrane to generate electricity. The present invention only uses osmotic membrane for seawater desalination, which can reduce the use of osmotic membrane, thereby reducing the preparation and maintenance costs of the system, and avoiding the high dependence of conventional osmotic pressure energy method and reverse electrodialysis method on large-area high-performance osmotic membrane.

[0111] Compared with the conventional vapor pressure energy method, the present invention uses microbial desalination technology to replace the conventional seawater desalination method, which ensures the supply of fresh water while solving the pain point of high energy consumption of seawater desalination and improving the efficiency of the system. As a result, the application of the vapor pressure energy method is no longer limited to the geographical location of river estuaries, but can be applied at sea. It can continuously desalinate seawater to obtain fresh water in a low-energy manner, thus developing new application scenarios.

[0112] See also Figure 4 The present invention provides a power generation method for an offshore salinity difference energy power generation system, comprising:

[0113] Step 101, performing microbial desalination treatment on seawater to generate fresh water and electric energy;

[0114] Step 102: Use the airflow generated by the vapor pressure difference between the desalinated fresh water and the seawater to generate pressure difference power to generate electrical energy.

[0115] In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode chamber, cathode chamber and desalination chamber in the seawater desalination module cooperate to perform microbial desalination treatment on the seawater to generate fresh water and electric energy, and transmit the fresh water to the steam pressure difference power generation module, and the steam pressure difference power generation module uses the airflow generated by the steam pressure difference between the desalinated fresh water and the seawater to generate pressure difference power generation to generate electric energy; the present invention combines the steam pressure difference power generation technology and the microbial desalination technology, and takes the steam pressure difference power generation technology as the technical core of the offshore salt difference energy power generation system, and uses the microbial desalination technology to provide the required fresh water supply for steam pressure difference power generation during the desalination process, replaces the conventional seawater desalination device, reduces the energy consumption of seawater desalination treatment, and also reduces the requirements of the steam pressure energy power generation technology for the geographical location, so that the existing salt difference energy power generation system gets rid of the application restrictions of the river estuary location, realizes efficient application at sea, and expands the application scenarios; and it can also generate electricity synchronously during the desalination process, which reduces the energy consumption of the system, further improves the overall power density and power generation efficiency, and reduces the preparation and maintenance costs of the device; it solves the technical problem that the existing salt difference energy power generation system is difficult to be efficiently applied at sea.

[0116] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a computer device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0117] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a memory 401 and a processor 402, wherein the memory 402 stores a computer program; when the computer program is executed by the processor 402, the processor 402 executes a power generation method of an offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to any of the above embodiments.

[0118] The memory 401 may be an electronic memory such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), an EPROM, a hard disk or a ROM. The memory 401 has a storage space 403 for a program code 413 for executing any method step in the above method. For example, the storage space 403 for the program code may include individual program codes 413 for implementing the various steps in the above method, respectively. These program codes may be read from or written to one or more computer program products. These computer program products include program code carriers such as hard disks, compact disks (CDs), memory cards or floppy disks. The program code may be compressed, for example, in an appropriate form. When these codes are run by a computing and processing device, the computing and processing device performs the various steps in the method described above. These program codes may be read from or written to one or more computer program products. These computer program products include program code carriers such as hard disks, compact disks (CDs), memory cards or floppy disks. The program code may be compressed, for example, in an appropriate form. When these codes are executed by a computing and processing device, the computing and processing device is caused to perform the steps in the virtual impedance control parameter optimization method described above.

[0119] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0120] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0121] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore salinity difference energy power generation system, characterized in that: It includes a seawater desalination module and a steam pressure difference power generation module; The seawater desalination module comprises an anode chamber, a desalination chamber and a cathode chamber; One side of the desalination chamber is connected to the anode chamber; The other side of the desalination chamber is connected to the cathode chamber; The anode chamber, the cathode chamber and the desalination chamber are used to cooperate with each other to perform microbial desalination treatment on seawater to generate fresh water and electrical energy, and transmit the fresh water to the steam pressure difference power generation module; The steam pressure difference power generation module is used to generate electric energy by using the airflow generated by the steam pressure difference between the desalinated fresh water and seawater to generate pressure difference power.

2. The offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam pressure difference power generation module comprises an upper steam space and a lower fluid space arranged in layers; The lower fluid space includes a fresh water chamber and a sea water chamber; The fresh water chamber is connected to the desalination chamber, and the fresh water chamber is used to store the desalinated fresh water transmitted by the desalination chamber; The fresh water chamber is connected to the sea water chamber via a heat exchanger, and the sea water chamber is used to store sea water; The heat exchanger is used to transfer the heat energy of the seawater chamber to the freshwater chamber to maintain the vapor pressure difference between the freshwater chamber and the seawater chamber; A turbine generator is arranged in the upper steam space, and the turbine generator is used to generate electric energy by using the airflow generated by the steam pressure difference between the fresh water chamber and the sea water chamber to generate pressure difference power.

3. The offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode chamber includes an anode and electrogenic microorganisms; One side of the desalination chamber is separated from the anode chamber by an anion exchange membrane; The electrogenic microorganisms are used to decompose organic matter in the seawater in the anode chamber to generate electrons and protons; The anion exchange membrane is used to block the protons from entering the desalination chamber and allow the anions in the seawater in the desalination chamber to enter the anode chamber to react with the protons, thereby maintaining the charge balance of the anode chamber; The anode is used to transfer the electrons to the cathode chamber.

4. The offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cathode chamber includes a cathode and an oxidant; The other side of the desalination chamber is separated from the cathode chamber by a cation exchange membrane; The oxidant is used to perform a reduction reaction with the electrons transferred to the cathode chamber to generate negative ions; The cation exchange membrane is used to block the negative ions from entering the desalination chamber and allow the positive ions in the seawater in the desalination chamber to enter the cathode chamber to react with the negative ions, thereby maintaining the charge balance of the cathode chamber; The cathode is used to cooperate with the anode to form an external circuit and generate electrical energy through the transfer process of the electrons.

5. The offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that: The electrogenic microorganisms are any one of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Gram-negative marine bacteria or a combination of both.

6. The offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The turbine generator is a steam pressure difference turbine generator.

7. The offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oxidant is oxygen.

8. The offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also included is a power processing module; The seawater desalination module and the steam pressure difference power generation module are both connected to the electric energy processing module; The electric energy processing module is used to convert the generated electric energy into direct current electric energy and transmit it to the onshore power grid.

9. A power generation method applied to the offshore salinity difference energy power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Desalination of seawater by microorganisms to generate fresh water and electricity; The airflow generated by the vapor pressure difference between desalinated fresh water and seawater is used to generate pressure difference power and generate electrical energy.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the power generation method of the offshore salt difference energy power generation system as claimed in claim 9.

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