Microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the steps of raw material preparation, apricot pit powder treatment, mixing and fermentation, drying, packaging and the like. The microbial fertilizer rich in various beneficial microorganisms and nutritional ingredients is prepared through a specific fermentation technology, and the obtained microbial fertilizer contains major elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, medium elements of calcium, magnesium and sulfur, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, boron, chlorine, silicon and sodium and other trace elements of nickel and selenium, meets the nutrition needed by plant growth, and is beneficial to the growth of plants. The soil fertility and the crop yield can be remarkably improved, the ecological structure of the soil is prevented from being damaged, and good application prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important type of fertilizer in modern agriculture, microbial fertilizer has the advantage of improving soil ecological balance, increasing soil fertility, promoting healthy crop growth, and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, thereby achieving sustainable agricultural development. Traditional microbial fertilizer preparation mainly relies on specific microbial strains and organic matter, such as animal manure and crop straw, but the acquisition and processing of these raw materials are often affected by resource limitations and environmental factors.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of the edible fungi industry, a large amount of edible fungi waste, such as waste culture medium and scraps, has been generated. If these wastes are not treated, they will not only occupy land resources, but also pollute the environment. Therefore, how to efficiently utilize these wastes and transform them into valuable resources has become an important research direction for the current resource utilization of agricultural waste.

[0004] In the field of microbial fertilizer preparation, using edible fungus waste as raw materials can not only solve the problem of waste disposal, but also provide rich organic matter and microbial resources for the preparation of microbial fertilizer. However, how to effectively convert these wastes into microbial fertilizer requires solving a series of technical problems such as raw material ratio, fermentation process, and nutrient extraction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned technology and provide a microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is a method for preparing microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1) preparing raw materials: taking 70-75 catties of edible fungus waste culture medium, 5-9 catties of edible fungus scrap powder, 3-5 catties ​​of eggshell powder, 5-10 catties of black bean powder, and 4-7 catties of almond scrap powder, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture;

[0008] S2) Apricot kernel powder processing: 4-8 catties of apricot kernels are crushed into powder, 30 catties of water is added, and the mixture is boiled for 8-11 minutes, 0.3-0.7 catties of cold water is added, and the mixture is boiled again, and then 37-43 catties of cold water is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain apricot kernel powder liquid, which is set aside;

[0009] S3) Mixing and fermenting: evenly sprinkle the treated apricot kernel powder liquid on the obtained mixture, stir and stir, then pile fermentation, maintain the temperature at 50-60° C., ferment for 45-49 hours, turn the pile, and then wait until the temperature in the pile rises to 50-60° C. again, continue fermentation for 45-49 hours, and then open the fermented material after fermentation to dry it in the sun to obtain bacterial fertilizer;

[0010] S4) Take 5-7 catties of wood ash, put the obtained bacterial fertilizer and wood ash into small bags respectively, and then seal the obtained small bags into finished product bags to obtain the target product.

[0011] Furthermore, the edible fungus is any one of Pleurotus ostreatus, button mushroom and Volvariella volvacea.

[0012] Furthermore, the culture medium in the edible fungus waste culture medium is corn cob culture medium or broadleaf tree sawdust culture medium.

[0013] Furthermore, the wood ash is the product of burning straw and husk.

[0014] Furthermore, the second object of the present invention is to provide a microbial fertilizer prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0016] 1) The present invention utilizes edible fungus waste and other natural raw materials to prepare microbial fertilizer, realizes resource utilization of agricultural waste, reduces production costs, and meets the requirements of sustainable development;

[0017] 2) Through a specific fermentation process, the microbial fertilizer prepared by the present invention is rich in a variety of beneficial microorganisms and nutrients, and contains a large number of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, medium-sized elements such as calcium, magnesium and sulfur, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, boron, chlorine, silicon, sodium and other trace elements such as nickel, and selenium, which can meet the nutrition required for plant growth, can significantly improve soil fertility and crop yield, protect the ecological structure of the soil from being damaged, and has good application prospects;

[0018] 3) The microbial fertilizer prepared by the present invention has a certain insecticidal effect, is a biological insecticide, and does not require the addition of chemical drugs. At the same time, it has a certain degree of inhibitory effect on potato scab;

[0019] 4) The preparation method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, suitable for large-scale production, and conducive to promotion and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The microbial fertilizer and the preparation method thereof of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A microbial fertilizer, and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1) preparing raw materials: taking 70 catties of edible fungus waste culture medium, 5 catties of edible fungus scrap powder, 3 catties of eggshell powder, 5 catties of black bean powder, and 4 catties of almond scrap powder, and mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0024] The edible fungus is Pleurotus ostreatus, and the culture medium in the edible fungus waste culture medium is corn cob culture medium;

[0025] S2) Apricot kernel powder treatment: 4 catties of apricot kernels are crushed into powder, 30 catties of water is added, and the mixture is boiled for 8 minutes. 0.5 catties of cold water is added, and the mixture is boiled again. 37 catties of cold water is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain apricot kernel powder liquid, which is set aside;

[0026] S3) Mixing and fermentation: Sprinkle the processed apricot kernel powder liquid evenly on the obtained mixture. At this time, check the humidity of the mixture. The specific method is: grab a handful of the mixture with your hands, hold your fingers tightly and then release them. If the mixture can be lumped after you release your hands, and the lumps have slight cracks but do not fall apart, it means that the humidity is relatively appropriate;

[0027] After the inspection, stir and stir, then ferment in a pile, maintain the temperature at 50°C, ferment for 47 hours, turn the pile, and wait until the temperature in the pile rises to 50°C again, continue fermenting for 47 hours, and then open the fermented material after fermentation to dry it to obtain bacterial fertilizer;

[0028] S4) Take 6 jin of wood ash, put the obtained bacterial fertilizer and wood ash into small bags respectively, and then seal the obtained small bags into finished product bags to obtain the target product.

[0029] Because the waste culture medium used contains a large amount of mycelium, commonly known as fungus dregs or fungus fertilizer, the raw materials of the culture medium are plant debris, which are easy to decompose and transform into humus. Humus improves the soil structure, makes the soil loose, increases the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and is conducive to the root growth and breathing of crops. The mycelium contained in the culture medium contains a large number of highly active microorganisms, which are easy to improve the soil and promote nutrient circulation, regulate plant growth, and enhance plant resistance.

[0030] Usage: When using, take 6 catties of wood ash, then take 45 catties of microorganisms, mix them well and apply them together. Microbial fertilizer has a certain insecticidal effect, which is a biological insecticide without the addition of chemical drugs. At the same time, it has a certain degree of inhibitory effect on potato scab. The potatoes in the same field were divided into a drug-treated group and a control group. The comparison showed that there was basically no scab in the group that used microbial fertilizer, but 70% of the potatoes that were not applied with microbial fertilizer had scab.

[0031] At the same time, microbial fertilizers are applied to grow tomatoes. The tomato plants have strong stems and lush leaves. The tomatoes produced are not only large in yield, but also have delicate and soft flesh, sweet and juicy.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] A microbial fertilizer, and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1) preparing raw materials: taking 75 catties of edible fungus waste culture medium, 9 catties of edible fungus scrap powder, 5 catties of eggshell powder, 10 catties of black bean powder, and 7 catties of almond scrap powder, and mixing them to obtain a mixture;

[0035] The edible fungi are mushrooms, and the culture medium in the edible fungi waste culture medium is a broadleaf tree sawdust culture medium;

[0036] S2) Apricot kernel powder treatment: 8 catties of apricot kernels were crushed into powder, 30 catties of water was added, and the mixture was boiled for 11 minutes. 0.7 catties of cold water was added, and the mixture was boiled again. Then 43 kg of cold water was added and stirred evenly to obtain apricot kernel powder liquid for later use;

[0037] S3) Mixing and fermenting: evenly sprinkle the treated apricot kernel powder liquid on the obtained mixture, stir and stir, then pile fermentation, maintain the temperature at 55° C., ferment for 48 hours, turn the pile, and then wait until the temperature in the pile rises to 55° C. again, continue fermentation for 48 hours, and then open the fermented material after fermentation to dry it in the sun to obtain bacterial fertilizer;

[0038] S4) Take 6 jin of wood ash, put the obtained bacterial fertilizer and wood ash into small bags respectively, and then seal the obtained small bags into finished product bags to obtain the target product.

[0039] Because the waste culture medium used contains a large amount of mycelium, commonly known as fungus dregs or fungus fertilizer, the raw materials of the culture medium are plant debris, which are easy to decompose and transform into humus. Humus improves the soil structure, makes the soil loose, increases the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and is conducive to the root growth and breathing of crops. The mycelium contained in the culture medium contains a large number of highly active microorganisms, which are easy to improve the soil and promote nutrient circulation, regulate plant growth, and enhance plant resistance.

[0040] Usage: When using, take 6 catties of wood ash, then take 45 catties of microorganisms, mix them well and apply them together. Microbial fertilizer has a certain insecticidal effect, which is a biological insecticide without the addition of chemical drugs. At the same time, it has a certain degree of inhibitory effect on potato scab. The potatoes in the same field were divided into a drug-treated group and a control group. The comparison showed that there was basically no scab in the group that used microbial fertilizer, but 70% of the potatoes that were not applied with microbial fertilizer had scab.

[0041] At the same time, microbial fertilizers are applied to grow tomatoes. The tomato plants have strong stems and lush leaves. The tomatoes produced are not only large in yield, but also have delicate and soft flesh, sweet and juicy.

[0042] The present invention and its implementation methods are described above, and such description is not restrictive. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design structures and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a microbial fertilizer, characterized in that: The steps include: S1) preparing raw materials: taking 70-75 catties of edible fungus waste culture medium, 5-9 catties of edible fungus scrap powder, 3-5 catties ​​of eggshell powder, 5-10 catties of black bean powder, and 4-7 catties of almond scrap powder, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture; S2) Apricot kernel powder processing: 4-8 catties of apricot kernels are crushed into powder, 30 catties of water is added, and the mixture is boiled for 8-11 minutes, 0.3-0.7 catties of cold water is added, and the mixture is boiled again, and then 37-43 catties of cold water is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain apricot kernel powder liquid, which is set aside; S3) Mixing and fermenting: evenly sprinkle the treated apricot kernel powder liquid on the obtained mixture, stir and stir, then pile fermentation, maintain the temperature at 50-60° C., ferment for 45-49 hours, turn the pile, and then wait until the temperature in the pile rises to 50-60° C. again, continue fermentation for 45-49 hours, and then open the fermented material after fermentation to dry it in the sun to obtain bacterial fertilizer; S4) Take 5-7 jin of wood ash, put the obtained bacterial fertilizer and wood ash into small bags respectively, and then seal the obtained small bags into finished product bags to obtain the target product.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edible fungus is any one of oyster mushroom, button mushroom and straw mushroom.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The culture medium in the edible fungus waste culture medium is corn cob culture medium and broadleaf tree sawdust culture medium.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wood ash is the product of burning straw and husk.

5. A microbial fertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.