A vertical rotation lifting construction method for a large-span space structure

Abstract

The application discloses a large-span space structure vertical rotation lifting construction method, which is specially used for solving the problems of determining a rotation axis in a vertical rotation lifting process of a large-span space structure and vertical rotation according to a predetermined track. Through steps of optimizing a lifting point, determining a rotation axis direction and an angle, leveling a ground posture, selecting a splicing position, accurately controlling a hetero-speed vertical rotation lifting, lifting and positioning a structure and finally unloading and removing, efficient and safe vertical rotation lifting of a complex space structure is realized. The application has the advantages of reducing splicing measures and high-altitude operation through the vertical rotation lifting technology, optimizing the ground posture splicing position, ensuring uniform horizontal displacement distribution of the space structure in the vertical rotation process, and avoiding problems of structure and lifting frame collision and excessive horizontal component of the lifting frame caused by excessive horizontal displacement.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building construction, more particularly to a vertical rotation lifting construction method for large-span space structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of building construction, large-span space structure is widely used in large public buildings such as gymnasiums, exhibition halls, etc. due to its large space span and good structural stability. However, during the construction process, especially in closed or space-limited areas, traditional installation techniques such as block hoisting, high-altitude in-situ bulk loading, etc. face a series of technical challenges, such as hoisting mechanical operation restrictions, high-altitude operation construction safety risks, high-altitude installation precision control difficulties, low high-altitude installation construction efficiency, and large amount of assembly or temporary support measures. In order to overcome these problems, researchers and engineers have proposed the use of ground assembly + lifting construction method. However, the existing lifting method still has limitations, especially when the large-span space structure presents a large slope. If the in-situ ground assembly method is used, the large height difference space structure has the problems of large amount of assembly measures and low high-altitude assembly construction efficiency. In the face of these problems, the patent "Rotary lifting installation and measurement method and device for irregular free-form steel net rack" proposes a rotary lifting method, which solves the problem of large amount of assembly measures, but does not consider the influence of the change of the ground assembly posture position on the horizontal displacement. When the slope of the space structure is large, only taking the lifting point with the lowest vertical coordinate as the rotation axis for rotary lifting will result in excessive horizontal displacement of the far end of the structure from the rotation axis. On the one hand, excessive horizontal displacement will result in insufficient rotation space for the structure under the narrow assembly field, and interference between the structure and the lifting frame during the rotation process; on the other hand, excessive horizontal displacement will result in a large horizontal component force of the structure at the moment of shedding, which is not conducive to the design of the lifting tool and displacement control. In addition, how to adopt a specific asynchronous lifting control method to ensure that the structure can rotate according to the specified rotation trajectory is also a major difficulty of rotary lifting. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a vertical rotation lifting construction method for large-span space structure, which aims to solve the technical problems in the construction of existing large-span space structure. The asynchronous vertical rotation lifting construction method avoids excessive horizontal displacement during rotation, solves the problem of asynchronous lifting control of each lifting point, and significantly improves the safety and economy of vertical rotation lifting construction.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] (1) Selection of lifting points: According to the structural characteristics and stress conditions of the space structure, the lifting points are generally set at the support nodes or their associated nodes at both ends of the vertical rotation axis.

[0006] (2) The determination of the rotation axis direction and rotation angle: the fitting plane and the assembling plane are introduced, the fitting plane is determined by the principle of the minimum sum of the distances from the lower chord nodes to the fitting plane, the intersection line of the fitting plane and the assembling plane is determined as the rotation axis direction, and the included angle is determined as the rotation angle.

[0007] (3) The determination of the ground posture and assembling position: the ground posture and position of the structure are determined according to the mapping function of the spatial posture and the ground assembling posture, and the assembling jig arrangement is determined accordingly.

[0008] (4) The different-speed vertical rotation and lifting: the structure is lifted synchronously out of the jig by the lifting equipment to a certain height, the different lifting speeds of the lifting points are controlled according to the different distances of the lifting points to the horizontal plane where the rotation axis is located, the vertical rotation and lifting of the structure from the lying assembling posture are realized until the design posture is reached, the coordinated lifting of all parts of the structure is ensured, and the deformation or damage of the structure is avoided.

[0009] (5) The lifting and positioning: after the vertical rotation and lifting of the structure reach the design posture, the synchronous and same-speed lifting of the lifting points is controlled to maintain the design posture until the spatial structure is lifted and positioned for installation;

[0010] (6) The unloading and dismantling: the spatial structure is unloaded after the post-installation of the members, the lifting jig is dismantled, and the structure installation is completed.

[0011] Further, the selection of the lifting points strictly follows the principle of consistency between the design and the stress state under the lifting state, and the number of the lifters is minimized to simplify the construction process and reduce the cost.

[0012] Further, the determination of the rotation axis direction is achieved by defining a fitting plane E, establishing the function relationship of the sum of the vertical distances from the design coordinates of all lower chord nodes of the spatial structure to the fitting plane E, and using the least square method to solve the equation to obtain the expression of the plane E. The direction of the rotation axis is the intersection direction of the plane E and the horizontal plane.

[0013] Further, the ground assembling posture is shaped by the rotation axis and the rotation angle, and the total amount of the measures of the assembling jig after the shaping of the assembling posture is minimized.

[0014] Further, the assembling position of the ground posture is determined by the principle of the uniform distribution of the horizontal displacement of the assembling posture after rotation relative to the design posture, the spatial structure is taken out of the jig at the assembling position, and the horizontal displacement of each lifting point from the lifting point is uniformly distributed.

[0015] Further, the lifting speed of each lifting point is calculated by the change amount of the lifting rope of each lifting point, and the change amount of the lifting rope is obtained by the function relationship of the vertical projection distance of the lifting point to the rotation axis.

[0016] Further, in order to prevent the space structure from deviating during lifting, limiting measures are taken to ensure that the space structure moves along the predetermined track.

[0017] Further, the limiting measures are that the chain hoist is arranged at the corner part of the space structure and the steel column, the chain hoist is in a loose state before the space structure is separated from the jig frame, and the chain hoist is in a slightly tight state after a certain stroke is lifted. The space structure is slowly released horizontally by the chain hoist to a static free state, the space structure is synchronously lifted to a height greater than the height difference of the net frame, and then the asynchronous lifting mode is switched. After the space structure is assisted to complete the posture rotation by the chain hoist through step-by-step release of the horizontal displacement, the chain hoist is removed.

[0018] In summary, the present application realizes efficient and safe vertical rotation and lifting of the complex space structure through careful selection of the lifting point, determination of the rotation axis direction and angle, accurate determination of the ground posture leveling and assembly position, accurate control of the differential speed vertical rotation and lifting, lifting and positioning of the structure, and final unloading and removal. Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The differential speed vertical rotation and lifting technology reduces the assembly measures and high-altitude operation, reduces the high-altitude construction risk, improves the construction efficiency, and shortens the installation period.

[0020] (2) The optimization of the ground posture assembly position makes the horizontal displacement of the space structure during the ground assembly posture rotation leveling uniform, avoiding problems such as insufficient assembly site, collision between the structure vertical rotation and the lifting frame, and excessive horizontal component force of the lifting frame caused by excessive horizontal displacement.

[0021] (3) Through theoretical analysis and control strategy, the problem of rotating the space structure around the specified rotation axis according to the predetermined track is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the space structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the lifting frame arrangement of the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a vertical rotation and lifting elevation flowchart of the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the determination of the rotation axis direction of the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the determination of the rotation angle of the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 6 It is an assembly posture shape finding and horizontal displacement calculation explanatory view of the space structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 7 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the optimization of the ground attitude assembly position of the spatial structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation principle of the change in the lifting rope at the lifting point in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of variable velocity lifting at the lifting point in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 9 The specific implementation method of the vertical rotation and lifting construction method for a large-span spatial structure of the present invention will be further described in detail.

[0032] This invention uses a spatial structure as an example. This spatial structure can be any spatial structure such as a space frame or truss; this embodiment is a space frame structure. The maximum height difference of the space frame is 13.3m, which leads to a significant increase in the amount of assembly work and the increased risk of working at height. To address these challenges, an innovative construction strategy is adopted: first, the space frame is horizontally assembled on the basement roof slab; then, at low altitude, the space frame is adjusted to the designed posture using vertical rotation and lifting technology; finally, it is precisely lifted to the predetermined design coordinate position.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this is a spatial structure grid frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of lifting points during the construction process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] A method for vertical rotation and lifting construction of large-span spatial structures, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0036] (1) Selection of lifting points: Based on the structural characteristics and stress conditions of the spatial structure, lifting points are generally set at the support nodes or their associated nodes at both ends of the vertical rotation axis. For example... Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment, a total of 8 lifting points are set at the top of the structural column. The lifting points are set according to the principle of ensuring the safety and rationality of the structural lifting process and the economic rationality of the lifting measures.

[0037] (2) Determination of the rotation axis direction and rotation angle: By introducing a fitting plane and an assembly plane, the fitting plane is determined based on the principle of minimizing the sum of the distances from the lower chord node to the fitting plane. The intersection of the fitting plane and the assembly plane is determined as the rotation axis direction, and the included angle is determined as the rotation angle. In this embodiment, the specific method for determining the rotation direction and rotation angle is as follows:

[0038] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the direction of the rotation axis is determined by first defining a fitting plane E, whose expression in space is z = Ax + By + C. The spatial coordinates of the i-th lower chord node of the spatial structure in the design state are defined as (x... i y i , z i If the distance from the lower chord node to plane E is... Establish a functional relationship between the sum of the perpendicular distances of the design coordinates of all lower chord nodes of the spatial structure and plane E. Find the minimum value of the function S, taking the principle of minimizing the sum of the distances from all lower chord nodes of the spatial structure to the plane E. Since d i It is a nonlinear function of A, B, and C. To simplify the calculation, we approximate the solution by taking the sum of squares, that is, we find the function. The minimum value of S'. Taking the partial derivatives of A, B, and C with respect to S' and setting them equal to zero, we obtain three partial differential equations. Solving the equation yields the values ​​of A, B, and C, thus determining the expression for plane E. The direction of the rotation axis is the direction of the intersection line between plane E and the horizontal plane. The expression for the intersection line between plane E and the horizontal plane is:

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the side elevation projection of the spatial structure is made with the rotation axis direction. The rotation angle is the angle between plane E and the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the rotation angle is 5°.

[0040] (3) Ground posture finding and assembly position determination: The ground horizontal assembly posture and position of the structure are determined based on the mapping function between the spatial posture of the structure and the ground assembly posture, and the assembly jig arrangement is determined accordingly. For example Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the ground posture finding method is as follows: taking the lowest lifting point as the rotation point, and drawing a straight line with the rotation axis direction as the vector, the distance from the highest lifting point to this straight line is L. Rotating the spatial structure around this straight line by 5° yields the ground assembly posture. The horizontal displacement caused by this rotation is D = L - Lcosθ. As the formula shows, the magnitude of the horizontal displacement is related to the projection distance of the lowest and highest lifting points relative to the rotation axis and the rotation angle. When the distance and rotation angle are too large, the horizontal displacement is too large, which can lead to problems such as the highest lifting point colliding with the lifting frame after rotation and excessive horizontal force on the lifting frame. Therefore, handling the horizontal displacement is crucial. In this embodiment, the projection distance of the highest point relative to the rotation axis is 105317 mm, the rotation angle is 5°, and the horizontal displacement is 400 mm. The embodiment shows that the horizontal displacement is too large, potentially leading to collision with the lifting frame, requiring handling of the horizontal displacement.

[0041] like Figure 7As shown, the assembling position of the ground attitude is determined according to the principle that the horizontal displacement after rotation is uniformly distributed. In this embodiment, the ground assembling attitude is obtained by rotating around the lowest lifting point as the rotation axis, which results in the most unfavorable horizontal displacement of 400 mm at the highest lifting point. The half of the most unfavorable horizontal displacement, i.e. D / 2 = 200 mm, is taken as the correction displacement value of the ground assembling position, and the corrected ground assembling position can make the horizontal displacement of the space structure after rotation uniformly distributed. At this time, the lifting ropes present a figure-eight shape, the lifting rope of the lowest lifting point is offset to the left by 200 mm, the lifting rope of the highest lifting point is offset to the right by 200 mm, and the horizontal displacement of the remaining lifting points is less than 200 mm. The space structure will not collide with the lifting frame during rotation.

[0042] (4) Asynchronous vertical rotation and lifting: after the structure is lifted synchronously out of the frame by the lifting equipment and reaches a certain height, different lifting rates of each lifting point are controlled according to different distances of each lifting point to the horizontal plane where the rotation axis is located, so as to realize the vertical rotation and lifting of the structure from the lying assembling attitude until reaching the design attitude, and ensure that all parts of the structure are lifted in a coordinated manner to avoid deformation or damage of the structure. In this embodiment, the specific way of asynchronous vertical rotation and lifting control is as follows: after the ground assembling of the space structure is completed, the structure is lifted synchronously to a height greater than the maximum height difference of the net rack, and then the asynchronous lifting mode is switched. The lifting rate of each lifting point is calculated by the change amount of the lifting rope of each lifting point, and the change amount of the lifting rope is obtained by the functional relationship of the vertical projection distance of the lifting point to the rotation axis.

[0043] As shown in Figure 8 , it is assumed that the rotation axis is located at any position between the lowest lifting point and the highest lifting point of the structure. Then for any low lifting point i, the length of the lifting rope in the assembling attitude is defined as l i , the length of the lifting rope in the design state is defined as l i ', the vertical projection distance of the lifting point to the rotation axis is defined as l 0i , and the angle between the lifting rope in the design attitude and the assembling attitude is α. Therefore, the change amount of the lifting rope of this lifting point can be expressed as Δl i = l i - l i '. Considering that the angle α is usually small, Δl i = l 0i · sin θ can be approximately taken. Similarly, for any high lifting point j, Δl j = l 0j · sin θ can be approximately taken. Assuming that the lifting rate of the low lifting point i is v i in a specified time t, the lifting rate of the high lifting point j should be where l ijTo improve the vertical distance of points i and j, according to the formula, the size of the lifting rate of the high lifting point j is independent of the position of the rotation axis, and is related to the distance of other lifting points and the rotation angle θ. The farther the distance between the two lifting points, the greater the difference in lifting rate. Therefore, in the process of vertical rotation and lifting using the allometric control structure, selecting any position as the rotation axis can meet the requirements.

[0044] In actual lifting construction, for the lifting points higher than the rotation axis, the lifting rope will experience shortening; and for the lifting points lower than the rotation axis, the lifting rope needs to be lengthened. Since the lengthening of the lifting rope is difficult to achieve in actual operation, the rotation axis is positioned at a position where all the lifting points are higher than the rotation axis. In order to simplify the positioning of the rotation axis, the embodiment takes the position of the lowest lifting point as the position of the rotation axis, as shown in Figure 9 To control the structure to complete the vertical rotation as much as possible at low altitude, the change amount of the lifting rope of the lowest lifting point C0 can be preferably controlled to 0, so that the length of the lifting rope does not need to be adjusted during the vertical rotation and lifting process, and only needs to be fixed. This can reduce the distance of the structure moving upward during the vertical rotation. For other high lifting points j, the change amount of the lifting rope is all shortening, which is calculated by the formula Δl j = l 0j ·sinθ, and then the lifting speed of different lifting points is calculated within a specified time t according to the change amount of the lifting rope, and the vertical rotation and lifting of the structure from the assembly attitude to the design attitude is completed.

[0045] In order to ensure that the lifting points can rotate accurately according to the designed rotation trajectory, and to prevent the space structure from horizontal swinging after being separated from the assembly jig, thereby avoiding collision with the lifting frame and causing safety problems, the embodiment takes limiting measures to control the change of horizontal displacement. In addition, in order to facilitate the control of vertical rotation and lifting, the change amount of the lifting rope of all lifting points during vertical rotation and lifting and the horizontal displacement limiting measures are divided into 10 stages for gradual adjustment, which can more accurately control the whole process of the net rack slowly vertically rotating and lifting from the ground attitude to the design attitude. Through the above measures, the stability and safety of the whole lifting process can be ensured, and the construction efficiency and precision are improved.

[0046] (5) Lifting into position: after the structure vertically rotates and lifts to the design attitude, control the lifting points to synchronously and uniformly lift to maintain the design attitude until the space structure is lifted into position and installed;

[0047] (6) Unloading and disassembly: after the space structure is installed with the additional members, the space structure is unloaded, the lifting frame is disassembled, and the structure is installed.

[0048] In particular, in order to prevent the space structure from deviating during lifting, the limiting measures adopted in the embodiment are as follows: a chain hoist is arranged at the corner of the space structure and the steel column, the chain hoist is in a relatively loose state before the space structure is separated from the jig frame, and the chain hoist is in a slightly tight state after the space structure is lifted by 300 mm; the space structure is slowly released horizontally to a static free state by the chain hoist, the space structure is lifted to a height greater than the height difference of the net frame, the lifting mode is switched to an asynchronous mode, the chain hoist assists the space structure to complete posture rotation by releasing the horizontal displacement in steps, and then the chain hoist is removed.

[0049] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any technical solution falling within the concept of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application shall also be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for erecting a large-span space structure by vertical rotation and lifting, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) selection of lifting points: according to the structural characteristics and stress conditions of the spatial structure, the lifting points are arranged at the support nodes at the two ends of the vertical rotation shaft or the associated nodes thereof; (2) determination of the rotation shaft direction and rotation angle: a fitting plane and an assembling plane are introduced, the fitting plane is determined according to the principle that the sum of the distances from the chord nodes to the fitting plane is minimum, the intersection line of the fitting plane and the assembling plane is determined as the rotation shaft direction, and the included angle is determined as the rotation angle; (3) determination of the ground posture and assembling position: the ground posture and position of the structure are determined according to the mapping function of the spatial posture and the ground assembling posture, and the assembling jig arrangement is determined accordingly; (4) differential-speed vertical rotation lifting: after the structure is lifted out of the jig and reaches a certain height by using the lifting equipment, the different lifting speeds of the lifting points are controlled according to the different distances of the lifting points to the horizontal plane on which the rotation shaft is located, the structure is lifted from the lying assembling posture to the design posture in a vertical rotation manner, and the structure is lifted in a coordinated manner to avoid deformation or damage of the structure; (5) lifting and positioning: after the structure is lifted to the design posture in the vertical rotation manner, the lifting points are controlled to be lifted at the same speed to keep the design posture until the spatial structure is lifted and positioned; (6) unloading and dismounting: the spatial structure is unloaded after the post-installed members are installed, the lifting jig is dismounted, and the structure is installed.

2. The vertical lift construction method of long-span space structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation shaft direction is determined by defining a fitting plane E, establishing a function relationship between the vertical distances of the design coordinates of all the chord nodes of the spatial structure to the plane E, and using the least square method to solve the equation to obtain the expression of the plane E, and the direction of the rotation shaft is the intersection direction of the plane E and the horizontal plane; the rotation angle is the included angle between the plane E and the horizontal plane.

3. The vertical lift construction method for long-span space structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground assembling posture is shaped by the rotation direction and the rotation angle, and the assembling posture after shaping has the minimum measurement of the assembling jig.

4. The vertical lift construction method for long span space structures as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The assembling position of the ground posture is determined according to the principle that the horizontal displacement of the assembling posture after rotation relative to the design posture is uniformly distributed, the spatial structure is dismounted at the assembling position, and the horizontal displacement of each lifting point to the lifting point is uniformly distributed.

5. The vertical lift construction method for long span space structures as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The lifting speed of each lifting point is calculated by the change amount of the lifting rope of each lifting point, and the change amount of the lifting rope is obtained by the function relationship of the vertical projection distance of the lifting point to the rotation shaft.

6. The vertical lift construction method for long span space structures as claimed in claim 1 wherein: Limiting measures are taken to prevent the spatial structure from deviating during lifting and to ensure that the spatial structure moves along the predetermined trajectory.

7. The vertical lift construction method for long-span space structures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting measures are that chains and chain hoists are arranged at the corner parts of the spatial structure and the steel columns, the chains and chain hoists are in a relatively loose state before the spatial structure is dismounted from the jig, the chains and chain hoists are in a slightly tight state after a certain lifting stroke, the horizontal displacement of the spatial structure is slowly released to a static free state by the chain hoist, the spatial structure is lifted to a height greater than the height difference of the net rack, the lifting mode is switched to an asynchronous lifting mode, the chain hoist assists the spatial structure to complete the posture rotation by releasing the horizontal displacement in steps, and the chain hoist is removed.

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