Retractable tunneling machine and its operation method

Abstract

This invention relates to a retractable tunneling machine and its operating method. The retractable tunneling machine includes a shield structure connected to a pipe section structure; a breast plate structure including an outer breast plate with an inner breast plate detachably connected thereto, and a first movable structure connected to the inner breast plate that can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure; a cutterhead structure with an adjustable radial dimension; a motor and drive structure connected to the cutterhead structure; and a moving stabilizing mechanism including a traction body with a second movable structure connected thereto. The moving stabilizing mechanism is used to pull the inner breast plate, cutterhead structure, motor, and drive structure back to the starting shaft. This invention eliminates the need for a receiving shaft, allowing for stable retraction back to the starting shaft without overturning. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe, and efficient, expanding the application scenarios of rectangular tunneling machines and offering significant economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, and in particular to a retractable tunnel boring machine and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] Rectangular (or rectangular-like) pipe jacking machines are widely used in tunnel excavation in highways, railways, municipal works, and rail transit due to their advantages such as minimal impact on the surrounding environment, wide adaptability to geological conditions, safety and reliability, easy control of jacking accuracy, and high construction efficiency. However, conventional rectangular (or rectangular-like) pipe jacking methods typically require a separate receiving shaft for equipment reception and hoisting, a requirement that limits the promotion and application of this method to some extent.

[0003] (1) In bustling urban areas, due to the limitations of construction conditions such as dense underground pipelines, conflicts with surrounding buildings and structures, and heavy ground traffic, construction sites often do not have the conditions to set up a separate receiving well.

[0004] (2) Or because the burial depth of the pipe jacking tunnel is large, the required depth of the receiving well is too large, and the construction cost is very high. Due to the setting of the receiving well, the cost of the entire project is greatly increased.

[0005] (3) If it is necessary to set up a connecting passage between two underground projects that have been completed and put into use due to usage and operation needs, the construction of the connecting passage shall not affect the normal operation of the underground spaces at both ends.

[0006] In the above three application scenarios, traditional pipe jacking methods cannot be implemented. However, with the continuous advancement of urban construction, the possibility of these three special working conditions occurring is increasing.

[0007] Against this backdrop, the development of a retractable irregular-shaped pipe jacking machine and its supporting construction methods is crucial, enabling the application of pipe jacking construction without the need for receiving wells, thus demonstrating high practicality and economic efficiency.

[0008] Existing technology 1: A retractable tunneling machine and its in-tunnel reconfiguration and relaunching method (CN117386387A) achieves the in-tunnel retraction and reconfiguration functions of the tunneling machine by setting a folding cutterhead. However, it has a circular cross-section, and the excavation device is a single circular cutterhead, generally used in small tunnels such as subway connecting passages and municipal pipeline tunnels. However, urban pedestrian passages, subway entrance passages, and other tunnel structures are generally rectangular (or near-rectangular) irregular cross-section tunnels, making the tunneling machine proposed in this invention unsuitable.

[0009] Prior art two discloses a retractable tunneling machine (CN117722193A), which achieves retraction by setting the cutterhead into two parts: an outer ring cutterhead and an inner retractable cutterhead. Prior art three discloses a retractable pipe jacking machine (CN115628069A), which achieves retraction by setting foldable borehole expanding blades. However, prior art two and prior art three have the same problem as prior art one: they are still circular cross-sections, which are not suitable for rectangular or quasi-rectangular cross-section tunnels such as urban pedestrian passages and subway entrance passages.

[0010] Therefore, based on years of experience and practice in related industries, the inventor proposes a retractable tunneling machine and its operating method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a retractable tunneling machine and its operating method, which solves the problem that current rectangular tunneling machines cannot be used because it is impossible or unsuitable to set up a receiving shaft. This invention can retract stably back to the starting shaft without setting up a receiving shaft, and will not overturn during retraction. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, which expands the application scenarios of rectangular tunneling machines and has good economic benefits.

[0012] The object of this invention is achieved as follows: a retractable tunneling machine, comprising:

[0013] A shield structure, wherein one end of the shield structure near the launching shaft is connected to a pipe section structure for tunnel support;

[0014] The breast plate structure includes an outer breast plate that can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield structure and is arranged in a ring. An inner breast plate is detachably connected to the outer breast plate. A first movable structure that can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure is connected to the inner breast plate.

[0015] A cutting disc structure is disposed on the side of the inner breast plate away from the starting well; the radial dimension of the cutting disc structure is adjustable.

[0016] The mobile stabilizing mechanism is detachably connected to the inner breast plate and is used to pull the inner breast plate and the cutting disc structure back to the launching well.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moving stabilizing mechanism includes a traction body that can be detachably connected to the inner breast plate, and a second moving structure connected to the traction body that can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure and the tube section structure.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retractable tunneling machine further includes a screw conveyor for muck removal by the tunneling machine. The end of the screw conveyor away from the starting shaft is detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner breast plate, and the end of the screw conveyor near the starting shaft is obliquely upward and detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure.

[0019] The retractable tunneling machine also includes a number of shield tail directional articulated hydraulic cylinders arranged circumferentially along the shield structure. The end of each shield tail directional articulated hydraulic cylinder away from the starting shaft is detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure, and the end of each shield tail directional articulated hydraulic cylinder near the starting shaft is detachably connected to the pipe section structure.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shield structure includes a concrete section, and a steel structure section is provided on the inner side of the concrete section, the steel structure section forming the inner wall of the shield structure; the outer contour sidewall of the outer breast plate is fixedly connected to the steel structure section.

[0021] Alternatively, the shield structure may be a steel shield structure.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting disc structure includes a plurality of circular discs, each of which can be folded to change diameter or extended to change diameter.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer breast plate is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes, and the inner breast plate is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes corresponding to each of the first connecting holes, and connecting bolt structures are detachably inserted into the first connecting holes and the second connecting holes.

[0024] The inner breast plate is provided with a mounting slot for connecting the motor and the drive structure.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first movable structure includes a plurality of first wheels that can abut against and be fastened to the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe section structure.

[0026] The bottom end of the inner breast plate is provided with a connecting plate extending toward the starting well, and at least two first wheels that can be rolled and supported on the bottom surfaces of the shield structure and the pipe section structure are connected to the connecting plate.

[0027] And / or,

[0028] Several first wheels are connected to the outer sidewall of the inner breast plate, which can roll and support the sides of the shield structure and the tube section structure.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first movable structure includes a plurality of first slide rails that can abut against and clamp onto the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe section structure.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the traction body away from the launching well is detachably connected to the end of the inner breast plate near the launching well via a connecting rod;

[0031] And / or,

[0032] The end of the traction body near the starting well is connected to a traction rope for traction of the moving stabilization mechanism, the inner breast plate, the cutting disc structure, the motor, and the drive structure;

[0033] or,

[0034] The traction body is equipped with a traction stabilization mechanism, an inner breast plate, a cutting disc structure, a motor, and a retraction power mechanism for the drive structure.

[0035] The object of the present invention can also be achieved as follows: a method for operating the aforementioned retractable tunneling machine includes the following steps:

[0036] Step S1: Tunnel construction:

[0037] Construct a launching shaft, lower and install a retractable tunneling machine inside the launching shaft, and the retractable tunneling machine excavates the strata forward, installs the pipe section structure, and completes the tunneling construction of the tunnel structure;

[0038] Step S2: Demolition work:

[0039] After the tunnel construction is completed, the screw conveyor and shield tail directional articulation cylinder of the retractable tunneling machine are dismantled, and the connection structure between the internal devices and the shield structure is dismantled; the equipment pipelines inside the tunnel are also dismantled.

[0040] Step S3: Lower the mobile stabilizing mechanism:

[0041] The mobile stabilizing mechanism is hoisted into the starting shaft and pushed into the tunnel's pipe section structure;

[0042] Step S4: Diameter change of the cutting tool head structure:

[0043] After folding or extending the cutting disc structure and rotating it to the set position, fix it in place;

[0044] Step S5: Connect the moving stabilizing mechanism and disassemble the breast plate structure:

[0045] Connect the inner breast plate to the moving stabilizing mechanism, then install jacks on the lower part of the inner breast plate and tighten them, remove the connection between the outer breast plate and the inner breast plate, lower the jacks until the first moving structure at the bottom of the inner breast plate contacts the bottom plate of the shield structure, and remove the jacks.

[0046] Step S6: The retractable tunneling machine retracts to the launching shaft:

[0047] Under the traction of the mobile stabilizing mechanism, the inner breast plate drives the cutter head structure, motor and drive structure after the diameter change to retract to the starting well;

[0048] Step S7: The retractable tunneling machine lifts out:

[0049] The moving stabilizing mechanism, inner breast plate, cutter head structure after diameter change, motor and drive structure are retracted as a whole to the starting shaft. They are then lifted out separately on the ground by a crane to complete the tunnel excavation and the tunnel boring machine retraction operation.

[0050] As described above, the retractable tunneling machine and its operating method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0051] In the retractable tunneling machine of the present invention, the breast plate structure is a combined structure, and the inner breast plate and the outer breast plate can be quickly disassembled; the moving stabilizing mechanism can be clamped tightly inside the tunnel from top to bottom; after the cutting head structure, motor and drive structure, inner breast plate and moving stabilizing mechanism are connected, the whole can be stably retracted to the starting shaft without overturning. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, and there is no need to set up a receiving shaft.

[0052] This invention solves the problem that current rectangular tunneling machines cannot be used because it is impossible or unsuitable to install receiving shafts. It eliminates the need for receiving shafts, expands the application scenarios of rectangular tunneling machines, and has good economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0053] The accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0054] in:

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the retractable tunneling machine of the present invention during tunneling.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the retractable tunneling machine of the present invention when it has completed tunneling.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the retractable tunneling machine of the present invention when the tail shield directional hinge cylinder and screw conveyor are removed and the moving stabilizing mechanism is lowered.

[0058] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the state when the mobile stabilizing mechanism of the present invention enters the tunnel and connects with the inner breast plate.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the retractable tunneling machine of the present invention when it begins to retract.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the mobile stabilizing mechanism of the present invention pulls the various structures it is traction to retract from the shield structure into the pipe section structure.

[0061] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting head structure and breast plate structure of the present invention on the side away from the starting shaft during tunneling.

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting disc structure and breast plate structure of the present invention on the side away from the starting well before retraction.

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the motor and drive structure and the breast plate structure of the present invention on the side near the starting well.

[0064] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the outer breast plate of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the inner chest plate of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the mobile stabilization mechanism of the present invention.

[0067] In the picture:

[0068] 1. Shield structure; 101. Concrete section; 102. Steel structure section;

[0069] 2. Cutting disc structure; 201. Two side discs; 202. Middle disc; 203. Spokes;

[0070] 3. Motor and drive structure;

[0071] 4. Screw conveyor;

[0072] 5. Tail-mounted directional hinge cylinder;

[0073] 6. Breast plate structure; 601. Outer breast plate; 6011. First connecting hole; 602. Inner breast plate; 6021. Second connecting hole; 6022. Mounting slot; 603. Connecting plate;

[0074] 7. First moving structure; 701. First wheel;

[0075] 8. Mobile stabilizing mechanism; 801. Traction body; 802. Second mobile structure;

[0076] 9. Connecting rod;

[0077] 10. Towing rope;

[0078] 11. Pipe section structure; 111. Conventional pipe section; 112. First ring pipe section;

[0079] 12. Push cylinder;

[0080] 13. Launch platform structure;

[0081] 14. Starting well;

[0082] 15. Main structure of the receiving end;

[0083] 16. Jack. Detailed Implementation

[0084] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on the invention, all of which should be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal communication between two elements, and can be direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible embodiments.

[0086] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0087] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention provides a retractable tunneling machine, comprising:

[0088] Shield structure 1, one end of shield structure 1 near the starting shaft 14 is connected to pipe section structure 11 for tunnel support;

[0089] The breast plate structure 6 includes an outer breast plate 601 that can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield structure 1 and is arranged in a ring. An inner breast plate 602 is detachably connected to the outer breast plate 601. A first movable structure 7 that can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure 1 is connected to the inner breast plate 602.

[0090] The cutting disc structure 2 is located on the side of the inner breast plate 602 away from the launching well 14; the radial dimension of the cutting disc structure 2 is adjustable; the side of the cutting disc structure 2 closest to the launching well 14 is connected to the motor and drive structure 3, which is connected to the inner breast plate 602; that is, the cutting disc structure 2 is located on the front side of the breast plate structure 6, and the motor and drive structure 3 is located on the rear side of the breast plate structure 6.

[0091] The mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 is detachably connected to the inner breast plate 602. The mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 is used to pull the inner breast plate 602, the cutting disc structure 2, and the motor and drive structure 3 back to the starting shaft 14. Because the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 can be tightly locked inside the tunnel via the second moving structure, the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and drive structure 3, and the inner breast plate 602 form a single unit after being connected to it, preventing overturning during retraction.

[0092] In the retractable tunneling machine of the present invention, the breast plate structure 6 is a combined structure, and the inner breast plate 602 and the outer breast plate 601 can be quickly disassembled; the moving stabilizing mechanism 8 can be clamped tightly inside the tunnel from top to bottom. After the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and drive structure 3 and the inner breast plate 602 are connected to the moving stabilizing mechanism 8, the whole can be stably retracted to the starting shaft 14 without overturning. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, and there is no need to set up a receiving shaft.

[0093] This invention solves the problem that current rectangular (rectangular-like) tunneling machines cannot be used because it is impossible or unsuitable to set up receiving shafts. It eliminates the need for receiving shafts, expands the application scenarios of rectangular (rectangular-like) tunneling machines, and has good economic benefits.

[0094] Furthermore, the mobile stabilization mechanism includes a traction body 801 that can be detachably connected to the inner breast plate 602, and a second movable structure connected to the traction body 801 that can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure 1 and the tube section structure 11.

[0095] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the retractable tunneling machine also includes a screw conveyor 4 for slag removal. The end of the screw conveyor 4 away from the starting shaft 14 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner breast plate 602, and the end of the screw conveyor 4 near the starting shaft 14 is obliquely upward and detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure 1.

[0096] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the retractable tunneling machine also includes several tail-mounted directional articulated cylinders 5 spaced circumferentially along the shield structure 1. The end of each tail-mounted directional articulated cylinder 5 furthest from the launching shaft 14 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure 1, and the end of each tail-mounted directional articulated cylinder 5 closest to the launching shaft 14 is detachably connected to the pipe section structure 11. Directional adjustment and correction functions are achieved by controlling the extension and retraction of different tail-mounted directional articulated cylinders 5.

[0097] In one specific embodiment, the connection between the tail-end directional hinge cylinder 5 and the shield body structure 1 and the pipe section structure 11 can be a bolt connection or a welded connection (which can be achieved through a destructive method during dismantling).

[0098] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a bracket device is installed on the front side of the inner wall of the first ring pipe section 112 of the pipe section structure 11. It is used to connect with the shield tail directional hinge cylinder 5 and provide the shield body forward power. Several conventional pipe sections 111 are connected to the rear side of the first ring pipe section 112.

[0099] After the tunneling operation is completed, the tail shield directional hinge cylinder 5 and screw conveyor 4 are removed. The cutting disc structure 2 is reduced in diameter and rotated to a suitable position. The outer breast plate 601 and the inner breast plate 602 are separated. Under the traction of the moving stabilizing mechanism 8, the inner breast plate 602 drives the cutting disc structure 2, motor and drive structure 3 to return to the starting shaft 14 in an overall stable manner.

[0100] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the shield structure 1 can adopt a composite concrete and steel structure, including a concrete section 101 on the outer side, and a steel structure section 102 on the inner side of the concrete section 101, which forms the inner wall of the shield structure 1. The outer sidewall of the outer breast plate 601 is fixedly connected to the steel structure section 102, and this connection can be achieved by welding. The shield structure 1 is composed of a steel structure and a concrete structure. Compared with discarding a pure steel structure shield, the composite concrete and steel structure shield is cheaper, reducing the cost of discarding the shell.

[0101] Furthermore, the shield structure 1 can also be made entirely of steel, forming a steel structure shield.

[0102] Furthermore, the cutting disc structure 2 includes several circular discs, each of which can be folded to change diameter or extended to change diameter.

[0103] like Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the circular cutter head can be divided into two categories: two side cutter heads 201 and a middle cutter head 202. Several spokes 203 of the two side cutter heads 201 need to be folded or expanded / retracted according to the retraction requirements. The middle cutter head 202 does not need to be folded if the retraction requirements are met. During retraction, the two side cutter heads 201 need to be rotated to a suitable position, with the folded / retracted or expanded / retracted spokes 203 facing outwards from the cross-section, and the un-retracted spokes facing inwards. The middle cutter head 202 needs to be rotated to a specific position according to the retraction space requirements. If rotating the cutter head still cannot meet the retraction space requirements, several spokes of the middle cutter head 202 also need to be folded / retracted. After the circular cutter head is folded / retracted and rotated to a suitable position, it needs to be fixed to ensure that the circular cutter heads do not rotate during the retraction process.

[0104] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the outer breast plate 601 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 6011, and the inner breast plate 602 is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes 6021 corresponding to each of the first connecting holes 6011. Connecting bolt structures can be detachably inserted into the first connecting holes 6011 and the second connecting holes 6021.

[0105] The outer breast plate 601 and the inner breast plate 602 can also be connected by welding (which can be achieved by destructive methods during dismantling).

[0106] The inner breast plate 602 can be a single piece of structure or a combination of multiple steel plates; the outer breast plate 601 can be a single piece of structure or a combination of multiple steel plates.

[0107] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, the inner breast plate 602 is provided with a mounting slot 6022 for connecting the motor and drive structure 3.

[0108] In Example 1, as Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the cutting disc structure 2 includes six circular discs, and correspondingly, six through slots 6022 are installed, arranged in two rows. Each row includes three circular discs, namely one central disc 202 and two side discs 201.

[0109] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 11 As shown, the first moving structure 7 includes a plurality of first wheels 701 that can abut against and be fastened to the inner walls of the shield structure 1 and the pipe section structure 11, or the first moving structure 7 includes a plurality of first slide rails that can abut against and be fastened to the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe section structure.

[0110] Furthermore, a first wheel 701 is installed at the bottom of the inner breast plate 602, and the first wheel 701 can be installed on both sides, or the first wheel 701 can be omitted.

[0111] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bottom end of the inner breast plate 602 is provided with a connecting plate 603 extending towards the launching shaft, and at least two first wheels 701 that can be rolled and supported on the bottom surfaces of the shield structure 1 and the pipe section structure 11 are connected to the connecting plate 603.

[0112] Several first wheels 701, which can roll and support the sides of the shield structure 1 and the tube section structure 11, are connected to the outer side wall of the inner breast plate 602.

[0113] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the end of the traction body 801 away from the launching well 14 is detachably connected to the end of the inner breast plate 602 near the launching well 14 via the connecting rod 9.

[0114] In embodiment 1, there are two connecting rods 9. The first end of the two connecting rods 9 is connected to the middle position of the traction body 801, the second end of one connecting rod 9 is connected to the connecting plate 603, and the second end of one connecting rod 9 is connected to the middle position of the inner chest plate 602. This arrangement is more conducive to the stability of the retraction.

[0115] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the traction body 801 is connected to the traction rope 10 at one end near the starting well, which is used for traction movement stabilization mechanism 8, inner breast plate 602, cutting disc structure 2, motor and drive structure 3.

[0116] or,

[0117] The traction body 801 is equipped with a traction movement stabilization mechanism 8, an inner breast plate 602, a cutting disc structure 2, a motor and drive structure 3, and a retraction power mechanism. That is, the traction movement stabilization mechanism 8 (traction trolley) is self-powered and does not require a traction rope. The traction movement stabilization mechanism 8 provides its own retraction power.

[0118] Furthermore, the second moving structure includes a number of second wheels that can abut against and be fastened to the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe section structure, or the second moving structure includes a number of second slide rails that can abut against and be fastened to the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe section structure.

[0119] Furthermore, such as Figure 12As shown, a second wheel is installed on the bottom surface of the traction body 801 of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8. The second wheel may or may not be installed on the top, left, or right side of the traction body 801.

[0120] During the retraction operation, the inner breast plate 602 is connected to the moving stabilization mechanism 8 by a connecting rod 9. The second wheels on each surface of the moving stabilization mechanism 8 roll back while closely adhering to the inner walls of the shield structure 1 and the pipe section structure 11. Since the moving stabilization mechanism 8 is tightly locked inside the tunnel, the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and drive structure 3, and the inner breast plate 602 are connected to it to form a whole, and it will not overturn during the retraction.

[0121] The operating method of the retractable tunneling machine of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0122] Step S1: Tunnel construction:

[0123] Construct the starting shaft 14, lower and install a retractable tunneling machine in the starting shaft 14, and excavate the strata forward with the retractable tunneling machine to install the pipe section structure 11, thus completing the tunneling construction of the tunnel structure;

[0124] Specifically: Construct the launching shaft 14 (the launching working shaft, with a launching platform structure 13 at its bottom), such as Figure 1 As shown, a retractable tunneling machine is lowered and installed inside the launching shaft 14, followed by the lowering of the first ring pipe section 112, which is then installed at the tail end of the retractable tunneling machine (i.e., the end closest to the launching shaft 14). Under the action of the jacking cylinder 12 (located inside the launching shaft 14, existing technology), the retractable tunneling machine excavates forward through the strata, and then continues to lower and install the conventional pipe section 111 until it is jacked to the side wall of the receiving end (the main structure 15 of the receiving end), as shown. Figure 2 As shown, the excavation of the entire tunnel structure was completed.

[0125] Step S2: Demolition work:

[0126] After the tunnel construction is completed, the screw conveyor 4 of the retractable tunneling machine and the shield tail directional hinge cylinder 5 are removed, the connection structure between the internal device and the shield structure 1 is removed, and the equipment pipelines in the tunnel are removed.

[0127] Specifically, after the entire tunnel construction is completed, such as Figure 3 As shown, the screw conveyor 4 and the shield tail directional hinge cylinder 5 were dismantled, and the connection structure between the internal devices such as the motor and drive structure 3 and the shield structure 1 was dismantled; the equipment pipelines inside the tunnel were also dismantled.

[0128] Step S3: Lower the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8:

[0129] like Figure 3As shown, the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 is hoisted into the launching shaft 14 and pushed into the tunnel section structure 11;

[0130] Step S4: Cutting tool head structure 2 diameter change:

[0131] After folding or extending and rotating the cutting disc structure 2 to the set position, fix it in place;

[0132] Specifically: such as Figure 4 As shown, each circular cutterhead is folded or extended and fixed as needed. The specific operation is as follows: according to the retraction space requirements, one or more spokes 203 of the two side cutterheads 201 and the middle cutterhead 202 are folded, and the circular cutterheads are rotated so that the folded or extended spokes 203 face the outside of the shield structure 1; if the retraction space meets the requirements, the middle cutterhead 202 does not need to be folded, but only needs to be rotated to a suitable position; after each circular cutterhead is folded or extended and rotated to a suitable position, it should be fixed.

[0133] Step S5: Connect the moving stabilizing mechanism 8 and disassemble the breast plate structure 6.

[0134] Connect the inner breast plate 602 to the moving stabilizing mechanism 8, then install the jack 16 at the bottom of the inner breast plate 602 and tighten it, remove the connection between the outer breast plate 601 and the inner breast plate 602, lower the jack 16 until the first moving structure 7 at the bottom of the inner breast plate 602 contacts the bottom plate of the shield structure 1, and remove the jack 16.

[0135] Specifically: such as Figure 4 As shown, the inner breast plate 602 is connected to the moving stabilizing mechanism 8 using a connecting rod 9. Then, a jack 16 is installed and tightened at the lower part of the inner breast plate 602. The connecting bolts between the outer breast plate 601 and the inner breast plate 602 are removed. The jack 16 is slowly lowered until the first wheel 701 (or first slide rail) at the bottom of the inner breast plate 602 fully contacts the bottom plate of the shield structure 1. The jack 16 is then removed. Figure 5 As shown,;

[0136] Step S6: The retractable tunneling machine retracts to the starting shaft 14.

[0137] Under the traction of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8, the inner breast plate 602 drives the cutter head structure 2 after the diameter change, the motor and drive structure 3 to retract to the starting well 14;

[0138] Specifically, the traction power device on one side of the launching well 14 is connected to the moving stabilizing mechanism 8 via the traction rope 10. Under the action of traction force, the inner breast plate 602 drives the folded cutting disc structure 2, motor, and drive structure 3 to retract back to the launching well 14. Figure 6The diagram shows the state of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 of the present invention pulling the various structures it pulls back from the shield structure 1 to the pipe section structure 11. The mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 continues to retract until all structures have retracted to the launching shaft 14.

[0139] Step S7: The retractable tunneling machine lifts out:

[0140] The moving stabilizing mechanism 8, the inner breast plate 602, the cutter head structure 2 after the diameter change, and the motor and drive structure 3 are retracted as a whole to the launching well 14, and then lifted out separately on the ground using a crane.

[0141] The tunnel excavation work was thus completed, and the tunnel boring machine was pulled back.

[0142] During the retraction operation, this invention only requires the removal of the screw conveyor and the shield tail directional hinge cylinder. The inner breast plate 602, the cutter head structure 2 after the diameter change, the motor and drive structure 3 are pulled back as a whole under the traction of the moving stabilizing mechanism 8. The retraction operation process is relatively simple and efficient.

[0143] Example 2: A newly built subway station in a city is located under the main road in the bustling city center. The main structure of the station is constructed by mechanical excavation, and the straight section of the station entrance passage is constructed by pipe jacking. Since it is not feasible to set up a pipe jacking receiving shaft on one side of the main station, the retractable tunneling machine of this invention is used to jack from the side away from the main station structure towards the station side. After jacking to the main station structure, the cutting head structure 2, the inner breast plate 602, the motor and drive structure 3 are retracted as a whole to the starting shaft 14 and lifted out from the starting shaft 14.

[0144] As described above, the retractable tunneling machine and its operating method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0145] In the retractable tunneling machine of the present invention, the breast plate structure is a combined structure, and the inner breast plate and the outer breast plate can be quickly disassembled; the moving stabilizing mechanism can be clamped tightly inside the tunnel from top to bottom; after the cutting head structure, motor and drive structure, inner breast plate and moving stabilizing mechanism are connected, the whole can be stably retracted to the starting shaft without overturning. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, and there is no need to set up a receiving shaft.

[0146] This invention solves the problem that current rectangular tunneling machines cannot be used because it is impossible or unsuitable to install receiving shafts. It eliminates the need for receiving shafts, expands the application scenarios of rectangular tunneling machines, and has good economic benefits.

[0147] The above description is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable tunneling machine, characterized in that, include: The shield structure (1) is connected to a pipe section structure (11) for tunnel support at one end near the starting shaft (14). The breast plate structure (6) includes an outer breast plate (601) that can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield structure (1) and is arranged in a ring. An inner breast plate (602) is detachably connected to the outer breast plate (601). A first movable structure (7) that can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure (1) is connected to the inner breast plate (602). A cutting disc structure (2) is disposed on the side of the inner breast plate (602) away from the starting well (14); the radial dimension of the cutting disc structure (2) is adjustable. The mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) can be detachably connected to the inner breast plate (602) and is used to pull the inner breast plate (602) and the cutting disc structure (2) back to the launching well (14). The mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) includes a traction body (801) that can be detachably connected to the inner breast plate (602), and a second moving structure (802) connected to the traction body (801) that can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure (1) and the tube section structure (11). The retractable tunneling machine also includes a screw conveyor (4) for slag removal. The end of the screw conveyor (4) away from the starting shaft (14) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner breast plate (602). The end of the screw conveyor (4) near the starting shaft (14) is obliquely upward and detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure (1). The retractable tunneling machine also includes a number of shield tail adjustment hinge cylinders (5) arranged circumferentially along the shield structure (1). The end of each shield tail adjustment hinge cylinder (5) away from the starting shaft (14) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure (1), and the end of each shield tail adjustment hinge cylinder (5) near the starting shaft (14) is detachably connected to the pipe section structure (11). The outer breast plate (601) is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes (6011) on the upper ring, and the inner breast plate (602) is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes (6021) corresponding to each of the first connecting holes (6011) on the upper ring. Connecting bolt structures can be detachably inserted into the first connecting holes (6011) and the second connecting holes (6021). The inner breast plate (602) is provided with a mounting slot for connecting the motor and the drive structure; The first moving structure (7) includes a plurality of first wheels (701) that can abut against and be fastened to the inner walls of the shield structure (1) and the pipe section structure (11). The bottom end of the inner breast plate (602) is provided with a connecting plate (603) extending toward the starting well (14), and at least two first wheels (701) that can be rolled and supported on the bottom surfaces of the shield structure (1) and the pipe section structure (11) are connected to the connecting plate (603). And / or, A plurality of first wheels (701) are connected to the outer sidewall of the inner breast plate (602) and can be rolled and supported on the sides of the shield structure (1) and the tube section structure (11).

2. The retractable tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shield structure (1) includes a concrete section (101), and a steel structure section (102) is provided on the inner side of the concrete section (101). The steel structure section (102) constitutes the inner wall of the shield structure. The outer sidewall of the outer breast plate (601) is fixedly connected to the steel structure section (102). Alternatively, the shield structure (1) is a steel shield structure.

3. The retractable tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting disc structure (2) includes several circular discs, each of which can be folded to change diameter or stretched to change diameter.

4. The retractable tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first movable structure (7) includes a plurality of first slide rails that can abut against and clamp onto the inner walls of the shield structure (1) and the pipe section structure (11).

5. The retractable tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the traction body (801) away from the launching well (14) is detachably connected to the end of the inner breast plate (602) near the launching well (14) via a connecting rod (9); And / or, The traction body (801) is connected to a traction rope (10) for traction of the moving stabilizing mechanism (8), the inner breast plate (602), and the cutting disc structure (2) at one end near the starting well (14). or, The traction body (801) is provided with a retraction power mechanism for traction of the moving stabilization mechanism (8), the inner breast plate (602), and the cutting disc structure (2).

6. A method for operating a retractable tunneling machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Tunnel construction: Construct a starting shaft, lower and install a retractable tunneling machine in the starting shaft, and excavate the strata forward with the retractable tunneling machine to install the pipe section structure (11) and complete the tunneling construction of the tunnel structure; Step S2: Demolition work: After the tunnel construction is completed, the screw conveyor (4) of the retractable tunneling machine and the shield tail directional hinge cylinder (5) are removed, and the connection structure between the internal device and the shield structure (1) is removed; the equipment pipelines in the tunnel are removed. Step S3: Lower the mobile stabilizing mechanism (8): The mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) is hoisted into the starting shaft and pushed into the tunnel section structure; Step S4: Cutting tool head structure (2) Diameter change: After folding or extending and rotating the cutting disc structure (2) to the set position, fix it in place; Step S5: Connect the moving stabilizing mechanism (8) and disassemble the breast plate structure (6): Connect the inner breast plate (602) to the moving stabilizing mechanism (8), then install the jack (16) at the bottom of the inner breast plate (602) and tighten it, remove the connection between the outer breast plate (601) and the inner breast plate (602), lower the jack (16) until the first moving structure (7) at the bottom of the inner breast plate (602) contacts the bottom plate of the shield structure (1), and remove the jack (16). Step S6: The retractable tunneling machine retracts to the starting shaft (14): Under the traction of the moving stabilizing mechanism (8), the inner breast plate (602) drives the cutter head structure (2) after the diameter change, the motor and drive structure (3) to retract to the starting well (14). Step S7: The retractable tunneling machine lifts out: The moving stabilizing mechanism (8), the inner breast plate (602), the cutter head structure (2) after the diameter change, the motor and drive structure (3) are retracted as a whole to the starting shaft (14), and then lifted out separately by a crane on the ground to complete the tunnel excavation and the tunneling machine retraction operation.

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