Combustion power system, engine and heat pump

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustion power system, an engine and a heat pump. The combustion power system comprises a first air cylinder used for completing air inlet and compression strokes, a second air cylinder used for completing expansion and exhaust strokes, a combustion chamber used for fuel combustion and a heat exchange unit, and the combustion chamber communicates with the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder; the heat exchange unit is arranged between the first air cylinder and the combustion chamber, so that compressed gas exhausted by the first air cylinder flows through the heat exchange unit, an exhaust pipe is arranged between the heat exchange unit and the second air cylinder, and the exhaust pipe is used for conveying waste gas exhausted by the second air cylinder to the heat exchange unit. The heat exchange unit is used for absorbing heat of waste gas exhausted by the second air cylinder and transferring the heat to compressed gas exhausted by the first air cylinder. The invention has the beneficial effects that the utilization rate of fuel can be improved, the emission of harmful substances is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a combustion power system, an engine and a heat pump, and belongs to the field of thermal energy and power. Background Art

[0002] An internal combustion engine is a power machine that burns fuel inside the machine and converts the heat energy released directly into power. The internal combustion engine mixes fuel and air, burns in its cylinder, and the heat energy released generates high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas in the cylinder. The expansion of the combustion gas pushes the piston to do work, and then the mechanical work is output through the crank-connecting rod mechanism or other mechanisms to drive the driven machine to work.

[0003] Generally, the efficiency of the current internal combustion engine is about 40% of the gasoline engine, the mechanical loss is about 10% to 12%, and the rest of the energy is lost through external heat dissipation and high-temperature exhaust gas discharge. Since the fuel cannot be completely burned in the internal combustion engine, the combustion produces harmful substances, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is directly discharged to the outside, which is easy to cause environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power combustion system, an engine and a heat pump to improve the utilization rate of fuel, reduce the emission of harmful substances and reduce environmental pollution.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A combustion power system includes a first cylinder for completing an intake and compression stroke, a second cylinder for completing an expansion and exhaust stroke, a combustion chamber for fuel combustion, and a heat exchange unit, wherein the combustion chamber is connected to the first cylinder and the second cylinder; the heat exchange unit is arranged between the first cylinder and the combustion chamber, so that the compressed gas discharged from the first cylinder flows through the heat exchange unit, and an exhaust pipe is arranged between the heat exchange unit and the second cylinder, the exhaust pipe is used to transport the exhaust gas discharged from the second cylinder to the heat exchange unit, and the heat exchange unit is used to absorb the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the second cylinder and transfer it to the compressed gas discharged from the first cylinder.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat exchange unit includes a shell and a heat exchange chamber positioned in the shell, a heat exchange channel is formed between the shell and the heat exchange chamber, the heat exchange chamber is connected to the first cylinder and the combustion chamber, and the heat exchange channel is connected to the exhaust pipe.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, a cooling unit is further included. The cooling unit has a nozzle arranged on the first cylinder. The nozzle is used to spray a cooling medium into the first cylinder when the first cylinder performs a compression stroke.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the combustion chamber is arranged outside the second cylinder, and an ignition unit and a fuel delivery unit are provided on the combustion chamber.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first cylinder is provided with a first intake port, a first exhaust port, a first valve for controlling the opening or closing of the first intake port, and a second valve for controlling the opening or closing of the first exhaust port; the second cylinder is provided with a second intake port, a second exhaust port, a third valve for controlling the opening or closing of the second intake port, and a fourth valve for controlling the opening or closing of the second exhaust port.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first cylinder has a first cylinder head, the second cylinder has a second cylinder head, the first cylinder head and the second cylinder head are provided with mounting seats, the combustion chamber is formed between the mounting seat and the second cylinder head, the first air intake port and the first exhaust port are formed on the first cylinder head, and the second air intake port and the second exhaust port are formed on the second cylinder head.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a controller for controlling the third valve, the third valve includes a vent portion for passing through the second air inlet, a connector for connecting the controller and the vent portion, and a guide portion slidingly mounted outside the vent portion, the guide portion is positioned on the mounting seat and is sealingly connected to the mounting seat, and the controller is used to drive the vent portion to move up and down so that the vent portion opens or closes the second air inlet.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a sleeve member is provided outside the guide portion, and the sleeve member is arranged between the connecting member and the vent portion. The sleeve member is provided with an elastic member for preventing the vent portion from moving upward. The elastic member is set as a spring, and a limit member is provided at one end of the spring. The limit member is slidably sleeved outside the sleeve member and makes the other end of the spring abut against the sleeve member. A top plate is slidably embedded on the connecting member, and an insulation portion is sleeved on the vent portion.

[0014] An engine comprises a combustion power system in the above technical solution.

[0015] A heat pump comprises a combustion power system in the above technical solution.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The heat exchanger is used to transfer the heat energy of the exhaust gas discharged from the second cylinder to the compressed gas. On the one hand, it reduces the energy loss, realizes the effective recovery and utilization of energy, and improves the overall thermal efficiency of the system. On the other hand, it can preheat the compressed gas before it enters the combustion chamber, increase the temperature of the compressed gas, make it easier for the compressed gas to reach the combustion temperature, help the fuel to burn fully, improve the utilization rate of the fuel, reduce the emission of harmful substances, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0017] 2. The design of the heat exchange channel surrounding the heat exchange chamber can make the exhaust gas flow evenly in the heat exchange channel, reduce the flow resistance, improve the heat transfer performance of the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas can more fully contact the outer wall of the heat exchange chamber, thereby increasing the heat transfer area and heat transfer rate.

[0018] 3. The cooling unit has a nozzle member arranged on the first cylinder, and the nozzle member is used to spray atomized water into the first cylinder when the first cylinder performs a compression stroke. The atomized water vaporizes and absorbs the heat of the compressed gas, thereby reducing the temperature of the discharged compressed gas, increasing the water vapor content of the discharged compressed gas and reducing the oxygen concentration. The reduced oxygen concentration can reduce the combustion temperature, reduce nitrogen oxides and reduce the heat loss rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to help understand the purpose and advantages of the present invention, wherein: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the combustion chamber is arranged outside the second cylinder; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure formed in the second cylinder for combustion; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange unit; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure after the first cylinder and the second cylinder are combined; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first cylinder head and the second cylinder head; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third valve; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the third valve; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings and implementation examples.

[0021] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, bottom, etc. mentioned or may be mentioned in this specification are defined relative to the structures shown in the drawings. The words "inside" and "outside" refer to the direction toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively. They are relative concepts, and therefore may change accordingly according to different locations and different usage conditions. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive terms.

[0022] Embodiment 1: A combustion power system, referring to Figures 1 to 8 , including a first cylinder 1 for completing intake and compression strokes, a second cylinder 2 for completing expansion and exhaust strokes, a combustion chamber 3, an ignition unit and a heat exchange unit 4. The combustion chamber 3 is connected to the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2. The heat exchange unit 4 is arranged between the first cylinder 1 and the combustion chamber 3, so that the compressed gas discharged from the first cylinder 1 flows through the heat exchange unit 4, and an exhaust pipe is arranged between the heat exchange unit 4 and the second cylinder 2. The exhaust pipe is used to transport the exhaust gas discharged from the second cylinder 2 to the heat exchange unit 4. The heat exchange unit 4 is used to absorb the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the second cylinder 2 and transfer it to the compressed gas discharged from the first cylinder 1.

[0023] In this embodiment, the first cylinder 1 has a first piston 11, and is provided with a first air intake port 12, a first exhaust port 13, a first valve 14 for controlling the opening or closing of the first air intake port 12, and a second valve 15 for controlling the opening or closing of the first exhaust port 13. The second cylinder 2 has a second piston 21, and is provided with a second air intake port 22, a second exhaust port 23, a third valve 24 for controlling the opening or closing of the second air intake port 22, and a fourth valve 25 for controlling the opening or closing of the second exhaust port 23.

[0024] When the system is working, the gas enters the first cylinder 1 and completes the compression process in the first cylinder 1 to obtain compressed gas. The compressed gas is discharged from the first exhaust port 13 and sent to the combustion chamber 3 to mix with the fuel and burn. After the combustion process is completed, the high-pressure and high-temperature gas obtained by the combustion enters the second cylinder 2 for expansion and exhaust stroke.

[0025] In this embodiment, a heat exchanger is used to transfer the heat energy in the exhaust gas to the compressed gas. On the one hand, energy loss is reduced, effective energy recovery and utilization are achieved, and the overall thermal efficiency of the system is improved. On the other hand, the compressed gas is preheated before entering the combustion chamber 3, which increases the temperature of the compressed gas and makes it easier for the compressed gas to reach the combustion temperature, which not only improves the combustion efficiency but also helps to fully burn the fuel, improve the utilization rate of the fuel, reduce the emission of harmful substances, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0026] In this embodiment, the heat exchange unit 4 includes a shell 41 and a heat exchange chamber 42 positioned in the shell 41. A heat exchange channel 43 is formed between the shell 41 and the heat exchange chamber 42. The heat exchange chamber 42 is connected to the first exhaust port 13 and the combustion chamber 3. The heat exchange channel 43 is connected to the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas discharged from the second cylinder 2 enters the heat exchange channel 43 and contacts the heat exchange chamber 42, thereby realizing heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the compressed gas, thereby transferring the heat in the exhaust gas to the compressed gas.

[0027] In this embodiment, the heat exchange chamber 42 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, and heat exchange fins are arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchange chamber 42, so as to improve the heat transfer efficiency. In addition, the heat exchange chamber 42 is coaxially arranged with the shell 41, and the heat exchange channel 43 is arranged around the outside of the heat exchange chamber 42. When the exhaust gas flows in the heat exchange channel 43, the design of the heat exchange channel 43 surrounding the heat exchange chamber 42 can make the exhaust gas flow evenly in the heat exchange channel 43, reduce the flow resistance, improve the heat transfer performance of the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas can more fully contact the outer wall of the heat exchange chamber 42, so as to increase the heat transfer area and heat transfer rate. The bottom of the shell 41 is provided with a third air inlet 411 for exhaust gas input, and the top of the shell 41 is provided with a third exhaust port 412 for exhaust gas discharge.

[0028] In this embodiment, the system also includes a cooling unit 5, which has a nozzle 51 arranged on the first cylinder 1. The nozzle 51 is used to spray a cooling medium into the first cylinder 1 when the first cylinder 1 performs a compression stroke. The cooling medium here is atomized water, which can reduce the temperature of the discharged compressed gas after mixing with the compressed gas in the first cylinder 1, thereby increasing the density of the compressed gas. The higher the density of the compressed gas, the more gas molecules per unit volume, which means that more gas is delivered to the combustion chamber 3. When the compressed gas is mixed with the fuel, the high-density gas can be better mixed with the fuel, ensuring that the compressed gas and the fuel are fully mixed, ensuring that the fuel is fully burned, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, the cooling unit 5 includes an input pipe 52, a pressurizer 52 and a delivery pipe 52 connecting the pressurizer and the nozzle 51. The input pipe 52 is used to input the cooling medium from the outside to the pressurizer 52, and the pressurizer 52 is used to deliver the cooling medium to the nozzle 51. The cooling medium here is atomized water. The pressurizer is used to spray the atomized water into the first cylinder 1 to achieve cooling of the compressed air in the first cylinder 1.

[0030] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1A combustion chamber 3 is formed in the second cylinder 2, an ignition unit 6 and a fuel delivery unit 7 are arranged on the second cylinder 2, so that the fuel can burn in the second cylinder 2. Specifically, the first cylinder 1 has a first cylinder head 16, and the second cylinder 2 has a second cylinder head 26. A mounting seat 9 is provided on the first cylinder head 16 and the second cylinder head 26. The combustion chamber 3 is formed between the mounting seat 9 and the second cylinder head 26. A first air intake port 12 and a first exhaust port 13 are formed on the first cylinder head 16, and a second air intake port 22 and a second exhaust port 23 are formed on the second cylinder head 26. A first valve 14, a second valve 15, a third valve 24 and a fourth valve 25 are all arranged on the mounting seat 9 and can move up and down relative to the mounting seat 9.

[0031] In this embodiment, a controller 8 is provided corresponding to the first valve 14, the second valve 15, the third valve 24 and the third valve 24, and the controller 8 is provided on the mounting seat 9. The first valve 14 and the fourth valve 25 have the same structure, and the second valve 15 and the third valve 24 have the same structure.

[0032] In this embodiment, the third valve 24 includes a vent 141 for passing through the second air inlet 22, a connector 142 for connecting the controller 8 and the vent 141, and a guide 146 that slides outside the vent 141, and the guide 146 is sealed and connected to the mounting seat 9. The outer diameter of the vent 141 gradually increases in the upward direction. When the controller 8 drives the vent 141 to move upward, there is a gap between the vent 141 and the second air inlet 22, thereby opening the second air inlet 22. When the controller 8 drives the vent 141 to move downward, the vent 141 is tightly connected to the second air inlet 22, thereby closing the second air inlet 22. At the same time, the vent 141 is also provided with a heat preservation part 149 to prevent the temperature on the vent 141 from losing too quickly. The controller 8 here is set as a camshaft. When the camshaft rotates, it can drive the connector 142 to move upward or downward, thereby driving the vent 141 to move.

[0033] In addition, a sleeve 147 is provided outside the guide part 146, and the sleeve 147 is provided between the connecting part 141 and the vent part 141. The sleeve 147 is provided with an elastic member 144 for preventing the vent part 141 from moving upward. Here, the elastic member 144 is a spring, and one end of the spring is provided with a stopper 145. The stopper 145 is slidably sleeved outside the sleeve 147 and makes one end of the spring abut against the sleeve 147. When the connecting part 142 moves upward, the spring is compressed. When the controller 8 stops working, the sleeve 147 can push the vent part 141 back to the initial position quickly under the action of the spring, thereby quickly closing the second air inlet 22. At the same time, a top plate 148 is slidably embedded on the connecting part 142, and the top plate 148 provides a guide for the camshaft and controls the spring rebound time and the closing time of the second air inlet 22.

[0034] In this embodiment, the combustion chamber 3 can also be independently arranged outside the second cylinder 2. For details, refer to Figure 2 When the combustion chamber 3 is independently arranged outside the second cylinder 2, an ignition unit and a fuel delivery unit are provided on the combustion chamber 3, and the combustion chamber 3 is connected to the second cylinder 2 by a pipeline, so that the fuel and the compressed gas can be mixed and burned in the combustion chamber 3, or, after the fuel is burned in the combustion chamber 3, the compressed gas is heated by a heat exchanger, and the heated compressed gas enters the second cylinder for expansion.

[0035] Embodiment 2: An engine includes a combustion power system in Example 1.

[0036] Embodiment 3: A heat pump includes a combustion power system in Example 1.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above implementation cases are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned implementation cases, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned implementation cases, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the implementation cases of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combustion power system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first cylinder (1) for completing an intake and compression stroke, a second cylinder (2) for completing an expansion and exhaust stroke, a combustion chamber (3) for fuel combustion, and a heat exchange unit (4), wherein the combustion chamber (3) is connected to the first cylinder (1) and the second cylinder (2); the heat exchange unit (4) is arranged between the first cylinder (1) and the combustion chamber (3), so that the compressed gas discharged from the first cylinder (1) flows through the heat exchange unit (4), and an exhaust pipe is arranged between the heat exchange unit (4) and the second cylinder (2), wherein the exhaust pipe is used to transport the exhaust gas discharged from the second cylinder (2) to the heat exchange unit (4), and the heat exchange unit (4) is used to absorb the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the second cylinder (2) and transfer it to the compressed gas discharged from the first cylinder (1).

2. A combustion power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange unit (4) comprises a shell (41) and a heat exchange chamber (42) positioned in the shell (41); a heat exchange channel (43) is formed between the shell (41) and the heat exchange chamber (42); the heat exchange chamber (42) is connected to the first cylinder (1) and the combustion chamber (3); and the heat exchange channel (43) is connected to the exhaust pipe.

3. A combustion power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a cooling unit (5), the cooling unit (5) having a nozzle (51) arranged on the first cylinder (1), the nozzle (51) being used to spray a cooling medium into the first cylinder (1) when the first cylinder (1) performs a compression stroke.

4. A combustion power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (3) is arranged outside the second cylinder (2), and an ignition unit (6) and a fuel delivery unit (7) are provided on the combustion chamber (3).

5. A combustion power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cylinder (1) is provided with a first air intake port (12), a first exhaust port (13), a first valve (14) for controlling the opening or closing of the first air intake port (12), and a second valve (15) for controlling the opening or closing of the first exhaust port (13); the second cylinder (2) is provided with a second air intake port (22), a second exhaust port (23), a third valve (24) for controlling the opening or closing of the second air intake port (22), and a fourth valve (25) for controlling the opening or closing of the second exhaust port (23).

6. A combustion power system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first cylinder (1) has a first cylinder head (16), the second cylinder (2) has a second cylinder head (26), a mounting seat (9) is provided on the first cylinder head (16) and the second cylinder head (26), the combustion chamber (3) is formed between the mounting seat (9) and the second cylinder head (26), the first air intake port (12) and the first exhaust port (13) are formed on the first cylinder head (16), and the second air intake port (22) and the second exhaust port (23) are formed on the second cylinder head (26).

7. A combustion power system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also includes a controller (8) for controlling the third valve (24), wherein the third valve (24) includes a vent (141) for passing through the second air inlet (22), a connector (142) for connecting the controller (8) and the vent (141), and a guide (146) slidingly mounted outside the vent (141), wherein the guide (146) is positioned on the mounting seat (9) and is sealed to the mounting seat (9), and the controller (8) is used to drive the vent (141) to move up and down, so that the vent (141) opens or closes the second air inlet (22).

8. A combustion power system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sleeve member (147) is provided outside the guide portion (146). The sleeve member (147) is provided between the connecting member (142) and the vent portion (141). An elastic member (144) is provided on the sleeve member (147) for preventing the vent portion (141) from moving upward. The elastic member (144) is provided as a spring. A stop member (145) is provided at one end of the spring. The stop member (145) is slidably sleeved outside the sleeve member (147) so that the other end of the spring abuts against the sleeve member (147). A top plate (148) is slidably embedded on the connecting member (142). A heat-insulating portion (149) is sleeved on the vent portion (141).

9. An engine comprising a combustion power system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A heat pump comprising a combustion power system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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