A nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device and its use method

Abstract

This invention discloses a nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device and its usage method, relating to the field of high-pressure gas depressurization and relief technology. It includes: a valve shell, a gland, a valve body, a multi-hole counter-throttling device, and an outlet pressure control device. The multi-hole counter-throttling device is connected to a first accommodating cavity. The tops of the first and second counter-throttling channels are arranged facing each other so that the hydrogen flowing out of the first and second counter-throttling channels forms a gas counter-throttling effect to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen and decrease its flow rate and kinetic energy. An elastic element is disposed in the second accommodating cavity. When the pressure of the hydrogen entering the connecting cavity is less than the design pressure, the outlet pressure control device causes the valve body to press against the top of the valve shell to close each pressure relief port. When the pressure of the hydrogen entering the connecting cavity is greater than the design pressure, the valve body slides downwards to open the pressure relief port, allowing some hydrogen to flow out from the pressure relief port to release the gas pressure in the connecting cavity. The structure is simple, effectively improving space utilization and reducing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure gas depressurization and relief technology, and in particular to a nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing device is a specialized unit that automatically reduces the operating pressure of a pipeline. It can reduce the high gas pressure upstream of the valve to the required level. This type of device is crucial in applications requiring safe, precise, and stable control of hydrogen pressure.

[0003] A high-pressure hydrogen pressure relief device is a device that releases overpressure in containers, closed pipelines, and enclosed protective spaces. Due to the active chemical properties of hydrogen, if the downstream pressure is too high, it may damage downstream components or pipelines, causing leaks and increasing the risk of explosion or fire. In this case, the pressure relief device can intervene in time to ensure the safe and stable operation of the entire system.

[0004] Currently, the main problems are as follows:

[0005] 1. Generally, a pressure relief valve is connected to the outlet of the pressure reducing device, which makes it difficult to effectively combine the functions of the two devices, resulting in waste of space and materials, increased operating costs, and difficulty in installing two devices at the same time in many systems with limited space.

[0006] Therefore, optimizing the overall structure and effectively combining pressure reduction and depressurization functions has become a key technical challenge that researchers in the field of high-pressure hydrogen pressure reduction and depressurization urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device and its usage method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It has a simple structure, effectively improves space utilization, and effectively reduces costs.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] This invention provides a nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device, comprising: a valve shell, a pressure cap, a valve body, a multi-hole counter-throttling element, and an outlet pressure control element. The valve shell has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, forming a valve cavity. Multiple pressure relief ports are provided on the side wall near the first end, and these ports are used to communicate with a pressure-relieved hydrogen collection pipe. The pressure cap is tightly connected to the first end of the valve shell and has an outlet for communication with a hydrogen usage pipeline. The valve body is movable and sealingly abuts against the inner wall of the valve cavity. A first receiving cavity is provided on one side of the valve body corresponding to the second end of the valve shell. A connecting cavity is provided between the top of the valve body and the pressure cap, connecting the first receiving cavity and the outlet of the elastic pressure element. The multi-hole counter-current throttling device is tightly connected to the first accommodating cavity. The diverting device has an air inlet and multiple counter-current channels. The air inlet is used to communicate with a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline. The first ports of the multiple counter-current channels are arranged opposite each other so that the hydrogen flowing out in opposite directions forms a gas counter-current to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen and reduce the hydrogen flow rate and kinetic energy, and communicates with the connecting cavity. The outlet pressure control device is configured such that when the pressure of the gas entering the connecting cavity is less than a preset pressure, the outlet pressure control device drives the valve body to move towards the pressure cap to close the multiple pressure relief ports. When the pressure of the gas entering the connecting cavity is greater than the preset pressure, the valve body slides downward and slides to the position of opening the pressure relief ports so that some gas flows out from the pressure relief ports to release the gas pressure in the connecting cavity.

[0010] Preferably, a second accommodating cavity is provided between the valve body and the valve shell and on the side closer to the second end, and the outlet pressure control component is an elastic pressure component located in the second accommodating cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-hole counter-flush throttling device includes a flow divider and a counter-flush device. The flow divider is tightly connected to the first accommodating cavity and has multiple flow divider holes therein. The air inlet is located at the end of the flow divider away from the first accommodating cavity and is connected to the multiple flow divider holes.

[0012] The anti-flush member is connected to one side of the diverter corresponding to the first end and has an anti-flush cavity therein. The anti-flush cavity is connected to the connecting cavity. The side wall of the anti-flush member has a plurality of throttling anti-flush holes that connect to the anti-flush cavity. The diverting flow holes and the corresponding throttling anti-flush holes form the anti-flush channel.

[0013] Preferably, the air inlet is coaxially arranged with the flow divider, and there are two flow divider holes, namely a first flow divider hole and a second flow divider hole. The bottom of the first flow divider hole and the second flow divider hole are connected to the air inlet, and the top of the first flow divider hole and the second flow divider hole are connected to the top surface of the flow divider and located away from the axis of the flow divider. The first flow divider hole and the second flow divider hole are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the flow divider. Each throttling counter-flush hole on the counter-flush member near the first flow divider hole is a first throttling counter-flush hole, and each throttling counter-flush hole on the counter-flush member near the second flow divider hole is a first throttling counter-flush hole. The first flow divider hole and the first throttling counter-flush hole form a first counter-flush channel, and the second flow divider hole and the second throttling counter-flush hole form a second counter-flush channel.

[0014] Preferably, the valve body further includes a valve seat and a floating valve core. A third accommodating cavity and a fourth accommodating cavity are provided in the middle of the valve body. The third accommodating cavity communicates with the first accommodating cavity, and the fourth accommodating cavity communicates with the third accommodating cavity. The fourth accommodating cavity communicates with the connecting cavity. The valve seat is disposed within the third accommodating cavity and is interference-fitted with the valve body. The bottom of the valve seat presses against the top of the counter-flush member. A first throttling gap is provided between the valve seat and the floating valve core. The valve seat is provided with a connecting hole for connecting the first throttling gap and the counter-flush cavity. Multiple throttling holes are evenly distributed on the shoulder of the floating valve core for connecting the first throttling gap and the connecting cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the valve further includes an adjusting rod. A threaded hole is provided in the middle of the gland. The valve body is also provided with a fifth accommodating cavity. The fifth accommodating cavity is used to connect the fourth accommodating cavity and the connecting cavity. The adjusting rod is threadedly and tightly connected to the threaded hole. One end of the adjusting rod is used to pass through the fifth accommodating cavity and contact the floating valve core to adjust the size of the first throttling gap. A second throttling gap is provided between the portion of the adjusting rod located in the fifth accommodating cavity and the valve body. The second throttling gap is used to connect the fourth accommodating cavity and the connecting cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the adjusting rod includes a threaded section and a pentagonal prism section. The threaded section is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the pentagonal prism section is used to be disposed in the fifth accommodating cavity. The gap formed between the pentagonal prism and the valve body is the second throttling gap.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes a limiting ring, which is fixedly connected to the fourth accommodating cavity and located on the side of the floating valve core corresponding to the adjusting rod to limit the movement position of the floating valve core.

[0018] Preferably, the elastic pressure element is a compression spring, a fixing ring plate is provided on the inner wall of the second end of the valve housing, the side edge of the fixing ring plate is in clearance fit with the valve body, the top of the fixing ring plate is the second accommodating cavity, one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the fixing ring plate and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve body, and a plurality of balancing air holes are provided on the fixing ring plate, the balancing air holes communicating with the second accommodating cavity.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for using the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device as described in any of the preceding claims, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0020] Normal pressure reduction operation stage: High-pressure hydrogen enters the inlet of the porous counter-flushing throttling device from the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline. The porous counter-flushing throttling device evenly distributes the hydrogen to each counter-flushing channel. The hydrogen flows in opposite directions at the first port of the multiple counter-flushing channels to form counter-flushing, achieving initial pressure reduction and reducing the hydrogen pressure, flow rate and kinetic energy. The depressurized hydrogen enters the connecting cavity from the inner cavity of the counter-flushing device. The hydrogen with stable pressure finally flows out from the outlet and enters the hydrogen use pipeline to supply subsequent use stages.

[0021] Abnormal pressure handling stage: When the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity is greater than the design pressure, the valve body overcomes the control of the outlet pressure control component under the action of gas pressure and slides to the second section of the valve shell until it reaches the position of opening the pressure relief port. Some hydrogen begins to flow out from the pressure relief port, releasing the gas pressure in the connecting cavity.

[0022] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0023] This invention provides a nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device and its usage method. By incorporating a multi-hole counter-throttling element, the device reduces hydrogen pressure, flow rate, and kinetic energy through gas counter-throttling, ensuring the stability of the output hydrogen. The inclusion of an elastic pressure element allows the device to automatically control the opening and closing of the relief port based on the hydrogen pressure, improving the device's safety and reliability. This ensures the stability and safety of hydrogen during use, preventing damage to the system from abnormal pressure. This integrated structural design achieves both high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and pressure relief in case of abnormal pressure. The structure is simple, effectively improving space utilization and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A front sectional view of the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and depressurization integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the porous counter-throttling device in the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and venting integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A formal cross-sectional view of the porous counter-throttling device in the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and depressurization integrated device provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the floating valve core in the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the adjusting rod in the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and depressurization integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a front sectional view of the valve shell in the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of hydrogen flow under normal decompression state for the nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and decompression integrated device provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of hydrogen flow in the depressurization state of the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and depressurization integrated device provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the threaded connection portion in the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device provided by the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Valve housing; 101. Pressure relief port; 102. Balancing vent; 2. Valve body; 3. Multi-hole counter-throttling element; 31. Flow divider; 311. Air inlet; 312. First flow divider hole; 313. Second flow divider hole; 32. Counter-throttling element; 321. First throttling counter-throttling hole; 322. Second throttling counter-throttling hole; 4. Compression spring; 5. Valve seat; 51. Connecting hole; 6. Third sealing ring; 7. Floating valve core; 71. Throttling hole; 8. Second sealing ring; 9. Pressure cap; 91. Air outlet; 10. First sealing ring; 11. Adjusting rod; 111. Pentagonal prism section. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device and its usage method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It has a simple structure, effectively improves space utilization, and effectively reduces costs.

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device, such as... Figures 1-10As shown, the device includes: a valve housing 1, a pressure cap 9, a valve body 2, a multi-hole counter-flush throttling element 3, and an elastic pressure element. The top of the side wall of the valve housing 1 is provided with multiple pressure relief ports 101, which are used to connect to a pressure relief hydrogen collection pipe. The pressure cap 9 is tightly connected to the top of the valve housing 1 and is provided with an outlet 91, which is connected to a hydrogen supply pipeline. The valve body 2 is fitted into the valve housing 1 with a clearance fit. A first receiving cavity is provided in the middle of the valve body 2, and a second receiving cavity is provided between the valve body 2 and the valve housing 1. A connecting cavity is provided between the top of the valve body 2 and the pressure cap 9, which connects the first receiving cavity and the outlet 91. The multi-hole counter-flush throttling element 3 is tightly connected to the first receiving cavity, which is connected to the connecting cavity. The diverter 31 has an inlet 311, a first counter-flush channel, and a second counter-flush channel. The inlet 311 is used to connect to a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the first counter-flush channel and the second counter-flush channel... The bottom of the channel is connected to the air inlet 311. The tops of the first and second counter-current channels are arranged opposite each other so that the hydrogen flowing out of the first and second counter-current channels forms a gas counter-current to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen and decrease the hydrogen flow rate and kinetic energy. The elastic pressure element is set in the second accommodating cavity. The top end of the elastic pressure element is fixedly connected to the valve body 2, and the bottom end of the elastic pressure element is fixedly connected to the valve shell 1. When the pressure of the hydrogen entering the connecting cavity is less than the design pressure, the elastic pressure element makes the valve body 2 press against the top of the valve shell 1 to close each pressure relief port 101. When the pressure of the hydrogen entering the connecting cavity is greater than the design pressure, the valve body 2 slides down and slides to the position of opening the pressure relief port 101 so that some hydrogen flows out from the pressure relief port 101 to release the gas pressure in the connecting cavity. The porous counter-current throttling element 3 effectively reduces the hydrogen pressure, flow rate and kinetic energy through gas counter-current, ensuring the stability of the output hydrogen. The flexible pressure component enables the device to automatically control the opening and closing of the pressure relief port 101 according to the hydrogen pressure, which improves the safety and reliability of the device, ensures the stability and safety of hydrogen use, and prevents abnormal pressure from damaging the system. This overall structural design realizes the pressure reduction of high-pressure hydrogen and the pressure relief function when the pressure is abnormal. The structure is simple, effectively improves the space utilization rate, and effectively reduces costs.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-hole counter-flush throttling device 3 includes a flow divider 31 and a counter-flush member 32. The flow divider 31 is threadedly connected to the valve body 2, and the counter-flush member 32 is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the flow divider 31. An air inlet 311 is provided at the bottom of the flow divider 31, and the air inlet 311 is coaxially arranged with the flow divider 31. The flow divider 31 is provided with a first flow divider hole 312 and a second flow divider hole 313. The bottoms of the first flow divider hole 312 and the second flow divider hole 313 communicate with the air inlet 311, and the tops of the first flow divider hole 312 and the second flow divider hole 313 communicate with the top surface of the flow divider 31 and are located away from the axis of the flow divider 31, and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the flow divider 31. The sidewall of the counter-flush member 32 is provided with multiple first throttling counter-flush holes 321 and second throttling counter-flush holes 322. The first diversion hole 312 and the first throttling counter-flush hole 321 form a first counter-flush channel, and the second diversion hole 313 and the second throttling counter-flush hole 322 form a second counter-flush channel. The inner cavity of the counter-flush member 32 is connected to the connecting cavity. The diversion member 31 evenly distributes the intake gas to two symmetrical diversion holes. The counter-flush channel is formed by the throttling counter-flush holes on the sidewall of the counter-flush member 32, which makes the hydrogen counter-flush more stable and efficient. It can more accurately reduce the hydrogen pressure and reduce the hydrogen energy, better ensure that the pressure and flow state of the output hydrogen meet the usage requirements, and improve the pressure reduction effect and the stability of the device operation.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device further includes a valve seat 5 and a floating valve core 7. A third accommodating cavity and a fourth accommodating cavity are provided in the middle of the valve body 2. The bottom of the fourth accommodating cavity communicates with the third accommodating cavity, and the top of the fourth accommodating cavity communicates with the connecting cavity. The valve seat 5 is disposed within the third accommodating cavity and is interference-fitted with the valve body 2. The bottom of the valve seat 5 presses against the top of the counter-flush member 32. A first throttling gap is provided between the valve seat 5 and the floating valve core 7. The valve seat 5 is provided with a connecting hole 51, which connects the first throttling gap and the inner cavity of the counter-flush member 32. Multiple throttling holes 71 are evenly distributed on the shoulder of the floating valve core 7, which connect the first throttling gap and the connecting cavity. The design of the valve seat 5 and the floating valve core 7 further increases the throttling links of the device. The connecting hole 51 on the valve seat 5 connects the first throttling gap and the inner cavity of the counter-flush member 32, allowing the hydrogen gas, after initial depressurization by the counter-flush member 32, to enter the first throttling gap. The throttling orifice 71 on the shoulder of the floating valve core 7 connects the first throttling gap with the connecting cavity, and throttles and reduces the pressure of hydrogen again. This helps to more accurately control the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity, further stabilize the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the device, improve the pressure reduction accuracy and stability of the entire device, and enable the device to adapt to different usage scenarios and pressure requirements.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device further includes an adjusting rod 11. A threaded hole is provided in the center of the pressure cap 9. The valve body 2 also has a fifth accommodating cavity, which connects the fourth accommodating cavity and the connecting cavity. The adjusting rod 11 is threadedly and tightly connected to the threaded hole, and one end of the adjusting rod 11 passes through the fifth accommodating cavity to contact the floating valve core 7 to adjust the size of the first throttling gap. A second throttling gap is provided between the portion of the adjusting rod 11 located in the fifth accommodating cavity and the valve body 2, connecting the fourth accommodating cavity and the connecting cavity. The adjustment rod 11 provides adjustability to the device. By rotating the adjusting rod 11, its contact position with the floating valve core 7 is changed, thereby adjusting the size of the first throttling gap. This allows the device to flexibly adjust the throttling degree according to different operating conditions, such as changes in input hydrogen pressure or hydrogen flow rate, further optimizing the device's depressurization performance. Meanwhile, the second throttling gap between the regulating rod 11 and the valve body 2 also participates in the flow and throttling process of hydrogen, which can further enhance the regulation of hydrogen pressure, help improve the adaptability and stability of the device, and provide support for the stable operation of the system under different working conditions.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting rod 11 includes a pentagonal prism segment 111, which is disposed in the fifth accommodating cavity. The gap formed between the pentagonal prism and the valve body 2 is the second throttling gap. The design of the pentagonal prism segment 111 ensures the stable installation and positioning of the adjusting rod 11 within the fifth accommodating cavity. Its special shape, combined with the fifth accommodating cavity, prevents the adjusting rod 11 from wobbling, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the adjustment. Furthermore, the second throttling gap formed by this unique shape, compared to conventional shapes, can alter the flow path and state of hydrogen during hydrogen flow, further throttling and reducing pressure when hydrogen passes through the adjusting rod 11. This helps improve the overall pressure reduction effect of the device and, to a certain extent, optimizes the flow distribution of hydrogen within the device, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability of the device operation.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief device further includes a limiting ring. The limiting ring is fixedly connected to the fourth accommodating cavity and located above the floating valve core 7 to limit the upward movement of the floating valve core 7. The structure is simple. When the valve body 2 slides downward in the depressurization state, even if the floating valve core 7 is disengaged from the adjusting rod 11, the limiting ring can prevent the floating valve core 7 from floating too much upward and blocking the throttling orifice 71.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic pressure component is a compression spring 4. A fixing ring plate is provided at the bottom of the valve housing 1, and the side edge of the fixing ring plate is clearance-fitted with the valve body 2. The top of the fixing ring plate is a second accommodating cavity. The bottom of the compression spring 4 is fixedly connected to the fixing ring plate, and the top of the compression spring 4 is fixedly connected to the valve body 2. A plurality of balancing air holes 102 are provided on the fixing ring plate, and the balancing air holes 102 communicate with the second accommodating cavity. By setting the elastic pressure component as a compression spring 4, the compression spring 4 has good elasticity and reset performance, and can stably realize the function of closing the pressure relief port 101 by pressing the valve body 2 against the top of the valve housing 1 when the hydrogen pressure entering the communicating cavity is less than the design pressure, and opening the pressure relief port 101 by the valve body 2 under the action of air pressure when the pressure is greater than the design pressure, thus ensuring the reliable operation of the device. A fixing ring plate is provided at the bottom of the valve body 1. On the one hand, it provides a stable support and fixing point for the compression spring 4, improving the stability of the entire device structure. On the other hand, the side edge of the fixing ring plate is clearance-fitted with the valve body 2, which can guide the valve body 2 to slide smoothly in the vertical direction, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the valve body 2's up and down movement. The balance air hole 102 on the fixing ring plate is connected to the second accommodating cavity. During the extension and retraction of the compression spring 4, the balance air hole 102 facilitates the entry and exit of air in the second accommodating cavity, preventing the compression spring 4 from being obstructed or generating abnormal air pressure due to air sealing. This provides good conditions for the normal extension and retraction of the compression spring 4, extends the service life of the compression spring 4, and further ensures the stable performance of the device.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device further includes a first sealing ring 10. The adjusting rod 11 is provided with a first annular groove, and the first sealing ring 10 is installed in the first annular groove and interference-fitted with the pressure cap 9. The first sealing ring 10 effectively prevents hydrogen leakage from the gap between the adjusting rod 11 and the pressure cap 9. When the adjusting rod 11 adjusts the first throttling gap, this sealing structure ensures that the hydrogen inside the device remains sealed, preventing hydrogen leakage, improving the device's sealing performance and safety, reducing energy consumption and potential safety risks, and ensuring that high-pressure hydrogen can only flow along the device's preset flow path.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device further includes a second sealing ring 8 and a third sealing ring 6. The gland 9 has external threads and a second annular groove, while the top of the valve housing 1 has internal threads. The gland 9 is threadedly connected to the valve housing 1. The second annular groove is located below the external threads. The valve body 2 has a third annular groove. The second sealing ring 8 is installed in the second annular groove and is interference-fitted with the valve housing 1. The third sealing ring 6 is installed in the third annular groove and is interference-fitted with the valve housing 1. The gland 9 and valve housing 1 are threadedly connected. This connection method facilitates installation and disassembly, making it convenient for assembly, maintenance, and subsequent parts replacement. Simultaneously, the threaded connection ensures a certain connection strength and stability between the gland 9 and the valve housing 1. The second sealing ring 8, installed in the second annular groove of the gland 9 and interference-fitted with the valve housing 1, and the third sealing ring 6, installed in the third annular groove of the valve body 2 and interference-fitted with the valve housing 1, further improve the overall sealing performance of the device. During the operation of the device under high-pressure hydrogen, hydrogen is prevented from leaking out from the connection between the gland 9 and the valve shell 1, and from the connection between the valve body 2 and the valve shell 1, so as to ensure the safety of the device, avoid potential safety accidents and energy losses caused by hydrogen leakage, and improve the performance and reliability of the device.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment also provides a method for using the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and venting integrated device as described in any of the above embodiments, including the following steps:

[0051] Normal operation phase: High-pressure hydrogen enters the inlet 311 of the porous counter-flush throttling device 3 from the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline. The diverter 31 evenly distributes the hydrogen to the first diverter 312 and the second diverter 313. After passing through the first throttling counter-flush hole 321 and the second throttling counter-flush hole 322 on the side wall of the counter-flush device 32, the hydrogen forms the first counter-flush channel and the second counter-flush channel. The hydrogen flows towards each other at the connection point of the two counter-flush channels to achieve initial pressure reduction, reducing the hydrogen pressure, flow rate, and kinetic energy. The hydrogen that has undergone initial pressure reduction enters the connecting hole 51 from the inner cavity of the counter-flush device 32, and then enters the connecting cavity again through the first throttling gap between the valve seat 5 and the floating valve core 7, and through the throttling hole 71 on the shoulder of the floating valve core 7. It is further throttled and depressurized, thereby precisely controlling the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity to achieve a stable pressure. After multi-stage throttling and pressure reduction, the hydrogen with stable pressure finally flows out from the outlet 91 and enters the hydrogen use pipeline to supply subsequent use stages. If the operating conditions change during the operation of the device, such as changes in the input hydrogen pressure or the hydrogen flow rate, the device performance can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting rod 11. When the adjusting rod 11 rotates, its contact position with the floating valve core 7 changes, thereby adjusting the size of the first throttling gap. This allows the device to flexibly adjust the throttling degree according to actual operating conditions, optimize pressure reduction performance, and maintain stable outlet hydrogen pressure.

[0052] Abnormal pressure handling stage: When the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity exceeds the design pressure, valve body 2 overcomes the elastic force of compression spring 4 under the action of gas pressure and slides downward. When it slides to the position where the pressure relief port 101 is opened, some hydrogen begins to flow out from the pressure relief port 101, releasing the gas pressure in the connecting cavity, avoiding damage to the device and the entire hydrogen use system caused by excessive pressure, and ensuring the safety of the system.

[0053] Pressure relief phase: As hydrogen flows out from the pressure relief port 101, the gas pressure in the connecting chamber gradually decreases. When the pressure is lower than the design pressure, the compression spring 4 returns to its elasticity, pressing the valve body 2 against the top of the valve shell 1, closing all pressure relief ports 101, and the device returns to normal operation, continuing to maintain a stable hydrogen pressure reduction output.

[0054] Throughout the entire operation, all components within the device work in concert. The first sealing ring 10 prevents hydrogen leakage between the adjusting rod 11 and the pressure cap 9; the second and third sealing rings prevent hydrogen leakage at the connection points between the pressure cap 9 and the valve housing 1, and between the valve body 2 and the valve housing 1; the balance vent 102 on the fixed ring plate ensures smooth extension and contraction of the compression spring 4; the adjusting rod 11 of the pentagonal prism section 111 not only ensures the stability and accuracy of adjustment, but also assists in hydrogen throttling and optimizing flow distribution. Through this coordination, the device achieves efficient and stable high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief functions, providing reliable protection for the hydrogen usage system.

[0055] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device, characterized in that: include: Valve housing (1), the valve housing (1) has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other and the interior is a valve cavity. Multiple pressure relief ports (101) are provided on the side wall near the first end. The pressure relief ports (101) are used to communicate with the pressure relief hydrogen collection pipe. A pressure cap (9) is tightly connected to the first end of the valve body (1). The pressure cap (9) is provided with an outlet (91) for connecting to a hydrogen pipeline. Valve body (2), the valve body (2) is movable and sealed against the inner wall of the valve cavity, the valve body (2) is provided with a first accommodating cavity on one side corresponding to the second end of the valve shell (1), and a connecting cavity is provided between the top of the valve body (2) and the pressure cap (9), the connecting cavity is used to connect the first accommodating cavity and the air outlet (91). A multi-hole counter-flush throttling device (3) is tightly connected to the first accommodating cavity. The multi-hole counter-flush throttling device (3) includes a flow divider (31) and a counter-flush device (32). The flow divider (31) has an air inlet (311) and multiple counter-flush channels. The flow divider (31) is tightly connected to the first accommodating cavity and has multiple flow divider holes. The air inlet (311) is located at the end of the flow divider (31) away from the first accommodating cavity and is connected to the multiple flow divider holes. The anti-flush member (32) is connected to the side of the diverter (31) corresponding to the first end and has an anti-flush cavity inside it. The anti-flush cavity is connected to the connecting cavity. The side wall of the anti-flush member (32) is provided with a plurality of throttling anti-flush holes that connect to the anti-flush cavity. The diverter holes and the corresponding throttling anti-flush holes form the anti-flush channel. The inlet (311) is used to connect to a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline. The first ports of the multiple counterflow channels are arranged opposite each other to form gas counterflow to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen and decrease its flow rate and kinetic energy, and are connected to the connecting cavity; and An outlet pressure control component is configured such that when the pressure of the gas entering the communication cavity is less than a preset pressure, the outlet pressure control component drives the valve body (2) to move towards the pressure cap (9) to close the plurality of pressure relief ports (101); when the pressure of the gas entering the communication cavity is greater than the preset pressure, the valve body (2) slides downward and slides to the position of opening the pressure relief ports (101) so that some gas flows out from the pressure relief ports (101) to release the gas pressure in the communication cavity; A second accommodating cavity is provided between the valve body (2) and the valve shell (1) and on the side closer to the second end. The outlet pressure control component is an elastic pressure component, and the elastic pressure component is located in the second accommodating cavity. The air inlet (311) is coaxially arranged with the flow divider (31). There are two flow divider holes, namely a first flow divider hole (312) and a second flow divider hole (313). The bottoms of the first flow divider hole (312) and the second flow divider hole (313) are connected to the air inlet (311), and the tops of the first flow divider hole (312) and the second flow divider hole (313) are connected to the top surface of the flow divider (31) and located away from the axis of the flow divider (31). (313) The flow divider (31) is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the flow divider (31). Each of the throttling counter-flush holes on the counter-flush member (32) near the first flow divider hole (312) is a first throttling counter-flush hole (321), and each of the throttling counter-flush holes on the counter-flush member (32) near the second flow divider hole (313) is a second throttling counter-flush hole (322). The first flow divider hole (312) and the first throttling counter-flush hole (321) form a first counter-flush channel, and the second flow divider hole (313) and the second throttling counter-flush hole (322) form a second counter-flush channel. It also includes a valve seat (5) and a floating valve core (7). The valve body (2) is also provided with a third accommodating cavity and a fourth accommodating cavity in the middle. The third accommodating cavity is connected to the first accommodating cavity, the fourth accommodating cavity is connected to the third accommodating cavity, and the fourth accommodating cavity is connected to the connecting cavity. The valve seat (5) is disposed in the third accommodating cavity and is connected to the valve body (2) with an interference fit. The bottom of the valve seat (5) is pressed against the top of the counter-flush member (32). A first throttling gap is provided between the valve seat (5) and the floating valve core (7). The valve seat (5) is provided with a connecting hole (51). The connecting hole (51) is used to connect the first throttling gap and the counter-flush cavity. The shoulder of the floating valve core (7) is evenly provided with a plurality of throttling holes (71). The throttling holes (71) are used to connect the first throttling gap and the connecting cavity. It also includes an adjusting rod (11), the middle of the pressure cap (9) is provided with a threaded hole, the valve body (2) is also provided with a fifth accommodating cavity, the fifth accommodating cavity is used to connect the fourth accommodating cavity and the connecting cavity, the adjusting rod (11) is threadedly and tightly connected to the threaded hole, and one end of the adjusting rod (11) is used to pass through the fifth accommodating cavity and contact the floating valve core (7) to adjust the size of the first throttling gap, and a second throttling gap is provided between the part of the adjusting rod (11) located in the fifth accommodating cavity and the valve body (2), the second throttling gap is used to connect the fourth accommodating cavity and the connecting cavity.

2. The nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (11) includes a threaded section and a pentagonal prism section (111). The threaded section is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The pentagonal prism section (111) is used to be disposed in the fifth accommodating cavity, and the gap formed between the pentagonal prism and the valve body (2) is the second throttling gap.

3. The nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting ring, which is fixedly connected to the fourth accommodating cavity and located on the side of the floating valve core (7) corresponding to the adjusting rod (11) to limit the movement position of the floating valve core (7).

4. The nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic pressure component is a compression spring (4). A fixing ring plate is provided on the inner wall of the second end of the valve housing (1). The side edge of the fixing ring plate is in clearance fit with the valve body (2). The top of the fixing ring plate is the second accommodating cavity. One end of the compression spring (4) is fixedly connected to the fixing ring plate and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve body (2). A plurality of balancing air holes (102) are provided on the fixing ring plate. The balancing air holes (102) are connected to the second accommodating cavity.

5. A method of using the nested high-pressure hydrogen depressurization and relief integrated device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Normal pressure reduction working stage: High-pressure hydrogen enters the inlet (311) of the porous counter-flush throttling device (3) from the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline. The porous counter-flush throttling device (3) evenly distributes the hydrogen to each counter-flush channel. The hydrogen flows in opposite directions at the first port of the multiple counter-flush channels to form a counter-flush, thereby achieving preliminary pressure reduction and reducing the hydrogen pressure, flow rate and kinetic energy. The depressurized hydrogen enters the connecting cavity from the inner cavity of the counter-flush device (32). The hydrogen with stable pressure finally flows out from the outlet (91) and enters the hydrogen use pipeline to supply subsequent use links. Abnormal pressure handling stage: When the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity is greater than the design pressure, the valve body (2) overcomes the control of the outlet pressure control component under the action of gas pressure and slides to the second section of the valve shell (1) until it reaches the position of opening the pressure relief port (101). Some hydrogen begins to flow out from the pressure relief port (101) to release the gas pressure in the connecting cavity.

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