Measuring device and method for monitoring flow velocity of sinkhole by using impact force of water flow

Abstract

The invention provides a measuring device and method for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole by using the impact force of water flow, and relates to the technical field of flow monitoring equipment, and the device comprises a speed measuring assembly which comprises a housing and a stress sensor; the stress assembly comprises a stress disc, a dowel bar and a force transmission support, the upper portion of the force transmission support extends into the shell and is connected with the stress sensor, the shell is movably connected with the force transmission support, the upper end of the dowel bar is connected with the lower end of the force transmission support, and the lower end is connected with the stress disc; and the processor is connected with the stress sensor. The device has the beneficial effects that the stress disc of the stress assembly is arranged underwater to receive water flow impact, meanwhile, the stress sensor is arranged on the water surface, the water flow impact force borne by the stress disc is transmitted to the stress sensor through the force transmission support, and the processor calculates the water flow speed according to the impact force detected by the stress sensor; the device is suitable for the complex in-hole environment of the sinkhole, and can monitor sinkholes with different depths and different flow velocities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flow monitoring equipment, and in particular to a measuring device and method for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole by utilizing the impact force of water flow. Background Art

[0002] Loess sinkholes are a special type of micro-landform in the Loess Plateau. Their formation mechanism mainly involves the loess layer with developed vertical joints. Under the long-term action of surface water and groundwater, the bottom of the loess layer is gradually eroded by water flow and hollowed out. When the upper loess softens or loses support due to water infiltration, it will collapse or collapse, eventually forming a sinkhole. In areas where loess is widely distributed, this type of sinkhole is very common. They often show a beaded distribution pattern along the sides of the gully, the edge of the gully, and above the gully waterfall. With the continuous expansion and connection of these sinkholes, they gradually develop into larger gully landforms.

[0003] The evolution process of loess sinkholes generally has three stages: formation, development and shaping. In the formation and development stage, the sinkhole is small in scale, the inlet has been formed but there is no outlet or the outlet is small, and the water poured into the sinkhole cannot flow out. A large amount of infiltrated water is retained in the sinkhole, which increases the moisture content of the soil and softens it, reduces the shear strength, and easily causes loess landslides. In the shaping stage, the sinkhole has a certain scale of inlet and outlet, and forms a connected underground passage. The water flows in and out quickly, and is discharged in a pipeline-like manner. Most of the water poured in is quickly discharged to the surface, and the amount of water retained in the slope is limited, which weakens the effect of softening the slope soil and causing loess landslides. The flow of water in the sinkhole has a great promoting effect on the development of loess landslides. Therefore, studying the flow velocity of water in sinkholes in loess areas is of great significance for preventing the occurrence of loess landslides.

[0004] The water flow in the loess sinkhole contains a lot of impurities such as silt and dead branches. The working environment of the device is relatively harsh, the situation inside the cave is very complicated, and the water flow direction is mainly vertical. The common current velocity meter is not suitable for measuring the flow velocity under the flooded condition of the loess sinkhole. Therefore, a current velocity meter that can meet the needs of long-term observation, is easy to install and maintain, and is suitable for the complex conditions of loess sinkholes is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a measuring device and method for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole by using the impact force of water flow, comprising:

[0007] A speed measuring assembly, comprising a housing and a stress sensor disposed in the housing;

[0008] A force-bearing component, which is arranged below the housing, comprises a force-bearing disc, a force-transmitting rod and a force-transmitting bracket, wherein the upper portion of the force-transmitting bracket extends into the housing and is connected to the stress sensor, the housing is movably connected to the force-transmitting bracket, the upper end of the force-transmitting rod is connected to the lower end of the force-transmitting bracket, and the lower end is connected to the force-bearing disc, the force-bearing disc is used to receive the impact of water flow to drive the force-transmitting bracket to move, so that the force-transmitting bracket transmits the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing disc to the stress sensor;

[0009] and a processor connected to the stress sensor to obtain the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing disk, and calculate the water flow velocity in combination with the resistance coefficient, water flow density, the area of ​​the force-bearing disk, and the angle between the water flow direction and the force-bearing disk.

[0010] Furthermore, the force bearing plate is arranged horizontally, and the calculation formula of the water flow velocity is as follows:

[0011]

[0012] Where: F is the impact force generated by the water flow on the force plate;

[0013] C is the drag coefficient;

[0014] ρ is the density of the fluid;

[0015] A is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the force-bearing disk;

[0016] v is the water velocity.

[0017] Furthermore, the force transmission bracket is provided with a hole-shaped fixing frame inside the shell, and the stress sensor is fixed in the shell and located in the fixing frame.

[0018] Furthermore, a connecting rod is provided at the lower end of the force transmission bracket, and the connecting rod can movably penetrate the bottom of the shell, and a waterproof canvas is provided at the contact portion between the connecting rod and the bottom of the shell.

[0019] Furthermore, a conical impact cover is provided on the top of the shell.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing component, which includes a support plate and a connecting tube. The front end of the support plate is provided with at least one vertically arranged fixing tube. The upper end of the connecting tube is detachably connected to the fixing tube, and the lower end is connected to the upper end of the shell.

[0021] Furthermore, a hard rubber tube is provided in the middle of the connecting tube.

[0022] Furthermore, the speed measuring component also includes a water flow sensor, which is arranged at the bottom of the housing, and the processor is connected to the water flow sensor.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a power supply component, which includes a sealed box and a power box arranged in the sealed box, and the power box is connected to the stress sensor and the processor through a data line.

[0024] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for measuring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of a water flow, using the above-mentioned measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of a water flow, and comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. Place the speed measuring assembly into a predetermined position in the sinkhole and keep it fixed so that the force plate is located below the water level of the sinkhole;

[0026] S2. Start the processor and the stress sensor, so that the processor obtains the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing plate, and calculates the water flow velocity in combination with the resistance coefficient, water flow density, force-bearing plate area, and the angle between the water flow direction and the force-bearing plate.

[0027] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. A measuring device and method for monitoring the flow rate of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow of the present invention, wherein a force-bearing plate of a force-bearing component is placed underwater to receive the impact of water flow, and a stress sensor is placed above the water surface. The impact force of water flow received by the force-bearing plate is transmitted to the stress sensor by a force transmission bracket, and a processor calculates the water flow rate according to the impact force detected by the stress sensor. The device is suitable for the complex environment inside a sinkhole, and can monitor sinkholes with different flow rates at different depths.

[0029] 2. The present invention provides a measuring device and method for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow. When monitoring the water flow velocity, only the force-bearing plate is placed in the flowing water, and will not be disturbed by a large amount of natural impurities such as mud, dead branches and leaves in the fluid. The impact force generated by the water flow is used as the core factor for speed measurement, and will not be seriously disturbed like a rotor speed measuring device, an electromagnetic speed measuring device, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole by utilizing the impact force of water flow according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the speed measurement component;

[0032] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the speed measuring assembly;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the power supply components;

[0034] Figure 5It is an exploded view of the connecting pipe;

[0035] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the circuit board.

[0036] In the figure: 1. shell; 2. force plate; 3. circuit board; 4. water flow sensor; 5. data line interface; 6. impact cover; 7. first ring; 8. connecting pipe; 9. second ring; 10. hollow pipe; 11. adapter pipe; 12. first base; 13. data line; 14. load-bearing plate; 15. stress sensor; 16. force transmission bracket; 17. waterproof canvas; 18. power box; 19. single-chip microcomputer module; 20. analog-to-digital converter; 21. second base; 22. force transmission rod; 23. sealing box; 24. fixing frame; 25. channel; 26. support plate; 27. desiccant; 28. side plate; 29. ​​groove; 30. slide bar; 31. fixing tube; 32. fixing plate; 33. reinforcing rib; 34. limit plate; 35. fixing nail; 36. data storage module; 37. mobile power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is intended to provide a basic understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to confirm the key or decisive elements of the present invention or to limit the scope of protection.

[0038] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0039] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0040] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in the subsequent drawings. At the same time, it should be understood that for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow, which is applied to monitoring the flow velocity of water flow in a sinkhole and mainly includes a speed measuring component, a force-bearing component and a processor.

[0043] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the speed measuring assembly includes a housing 1 and a stress sensor 15 disposed in the housing 1. Specifically, the housing 1 is a hollow cylinder, and the stress sensor 15 is fixedly installed in the housing 1 through an overall sealing process. As in this embodiment, a first base 12 and a bearing plate 14 are fixedly provided in the housing 1, and the stress sensor 15 is fixedly installed between the first base 12 and the bearing plate.

[0044] The force-bearing component is arranged below the shell 1, and the force-bearing component includes a force-bearing disk 2, a force-transmitting rod 22 and a force-transmitting bracket 16. The upper part of the force-transmitting bracket 16 extends into the shell 1 and is connected to the stress sensor 15. The shell 1 is movably connected to the force-transmitting bracket 16. The upper end of the force-transmitting rod 22 is connected to the lower end of the force-transmitting bracket 16, and the lower end is connected to the force-bearing disk 2.

[0045] Specifically, the force transmission bracket 16 is provided with a hole-shaped fixing frame 24 inside the housing 1, and the stress sensor 15 is fixed in the housing 1 and located in the fixing frame 24. The downward movement of the force transmission bracket 16 can drive the fixing frame 24 to move, thereby acting on the stress sensor 15.

[0046] The force-bearing plate 2 is used to receive the impact of water flow. The impact force of the water flow causes the force-bearing plate 2 to drive the connecting pipe 8 to move downward, and drives the force transmission bracket 16 to move downward, so that the force transmission bracket 16 transmits the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing plate 2 to the stress sensor 15, thereby allowing the stress sensor 15 to detect the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing plate 2.

[0047] In some embodiments, a connecting rod is provided at the lower end of the force transmission bracket 16, and the connecting rod can movably penetrate the bottom of the housing 1, and a waterproof canvas 17 is provided at the contact portion between the connecting rod and the bottom of the housing 1. The waterproof canvas 17 is arranged at the position where the connecting rod penetrates the bottom of the housing 1, and a margin is left for the waterproof canvas 17, so as to ensure the sealing of the housing 1 and ensure that the impact force generated on the force-bearing disk 2 can be fully transmitted to the stress sensor 15 through the force transmission bracket 16.

[0048] The force transmission rod 22 and the force plate 2 can be connected in a detachable manner, such as by threaded connection. In this way, force plates 2 with different diameters but the same threaded interface are arranged. For a sinkhole with a smaller hole diameter, a force plate 2 with a smaller diameter can be used, and for a sinkhole with a slower estimated flow rate, a force plate 2 with a larger diameter can be used. By increasing the force bearing area, the stress change is more obvious, thereby making the speed change more obvious.

[0049] Combination Figure 6 As shown, the processor is connected to the stress sensor 15 to obtain the impact force generated by the water flow on the force plate 2, and calculates the water flow velocity in combination with the resistance coefficient, water flow density, area of ​​the force plate 2, and the angle between the water flow direction and the force plate 2.

[0050] The processor is generally a microprocessor. For example, in this embodiment, the processor is a single chip microcomputer module 19, which is integrated on the circuit board 3. A second base 21 is also provided in the housing 1, and the second base 21 is arranged above the bearing plate 14, and the circuit board 3 is fixed to the bearing plate 14.

[0051] The circuit board 3 is also integrated with an analog-to-digital converter 20, which is connected to the stress sensor 15. In this way, the stress sensor 15 will deform and change its resistance value after being subjected to the stress on the load-bearing plate 14. The resistance change of the strain gauge sensor is proportional to the deformation. The signal conditioning circuit on the circuit board 3 converts the resistance change of the strain gauge sensor into a voltage signal, which is proportional to the impact force. After the voltage signal is amplified by the amplifier, it is converted into a digital signal through the analog-to-digital converter 20. This digital signal is the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing plate 2.

[0052] When the force plate 2 is arranged horizontally, the angle between the water flow direction and the force plate 2 is 90°.

[0053] The calculation formula of the water flow velocity is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Where: F is the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing plate 2 (unit: Newton, N);

[0056] C is the drag coefficient, which depends on the shape and surface roughness of the force-bearing disk 22;

[0057] ρ is the density of the fluid. For water, it is about 1000 kg / m at room temperature. 3 ;

[0058] A is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the force-bearing disk 2 (unit: square meters, m 2 );

[0059] v is the water velocity (unit: meter / second, m / s).

[0060] When the resistance coefficient, water flow density, the area of ​​the force-bearing plate 2, and the angle between the water flow direction and the force-bearing plate 2 are known, the water flow velocity can be calculated using the formula.

[0061] In some embodiments, the speed measuring component further includes a water flow sensor 4, which is disposed at the bottom of the housing 1, and the processor is connected to the water flow sensor 4. When the water flow begins to submerge the housing 1, the water flow sensor 4 senses the water flow and sends a signal to the processor, which controls the stress sensor 15 to start, thereby saving energy consumption and extending the working time.

[0062] In some embodiments, a conical impact shield 6 is provided on the top of the housing 1. The impact shield 6 can reduce the impact of water flow on the housing 1 and improve the stability of the speed measuring assembly. The impact shield 6 can be connected to the housing 1 in a detachable manner, such as a first circular ring 7 protruding outwardly is provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the housing 1, and a second circular ring 9 protruding inwardly is provided inside the lower end of the impact shield 6, and the second circular ring 9 is clamped on the first circular ring 7 to fix the impact shield 6 on the housing 1.

[0063] Taking into account the fixation problem during actual water flow velocity measurement, the measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow also includes a fixing component, which includes a support plate 26 and a connecting pipe 8. The front end of the support plate 26 is provided with at least one vertically arranged fixing tube 31, and the upper end of the connecting tube 8 is detachably connected to the fixing tube 31, and the lower end is connected to the upper end of the outer shell 1.

[0064] The rear end of the support plate 26 is fixed to the ground surface. For example, in this embodiment, the rear end of the support plate 26 is further provided with a plurality of vertically cross-arranged fixing plates 32, and the fixing plates 32 are supported on the support plate 26. The support plate 26 and the fixing plate 32 are both provided with a plurality of fixing holes, which are aligned up and down and fixed to the ground surface by fixing nails 35. Preferably, a reinforcing rib 33 is provided on the upper surface of the support plate 26 to prevent the support plate 26 from breaking.

[0065] The front end of the support plate 26 is provided with a bending plate that is bent downward, such as 90°, and the upper end of each fixing tube 31 is fixed to the bending plate. The connecting tube 8 is vertically arranged, and the upper end is inserted into the fixing tube 31 and connected to the fixing tube 31. The connecting tube 8 and the fixing tube 31 can be connected in a detachable manner, such as a threaded connection.

[0066] A hard rubber tube is provided in the middle of the connecting tube 8. The hard rubber tube will not be stretched axially, and can be allowed to bend to a certain extent, so as to ensure that when the connecting tube 8 is too long, a small bending can occur at the hard rubber tube to a certain extent to protect the speed measuring component.

[0067] The connecting pipe 8 is generally made of high-strength nylon. Nylon has excellent wear resistance and good mechanical properties. It has high tensile strength and elongation at break, can bear the impact of water flow, and has a certain bending resistance without breaking.

[0068] The fixing assembly can be made of aluminum alloy, which is light in weight, has excellent corrosion resistance, and can remain stable for a long time in harsh natural environments. Its good thermal conductivity and moderate thermal expansion coefficient enable aluminum alloy to adapt to outdoor conditions with large temperature differences between day and night.

[0069] Considering the power supply problem of the stress sensor 15 and the processor, as Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the measuring device for monitoring the flow rate of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow also includes a power supply component, which includes a sealed box 23 and a power box 18 arranged in the sealed box 23. The power box 18 is connected to the stress sensor 15 and the processor via a data line 13.

[0070] The power box 18 is specifically installed at the rear end of the support plate 26 and is arranged outside the sinkhole. Here, the two sides of the bottom of the power box 18 are respectively provided with side plates 28, which are fixedly connected to the support plate 26 through the side plates 28.

[0071] The shape of the power box 18 can be flexibly set according to the actual application scenario. For example, the shape of the power box 18 in this embodiment is a rectangular parallelepiped. A channel 25 is provided on one side of the power box 18. One end of the data line 13 passes through the channel 25 and is connected to the power box 18. The data line 13 extends along the support plate 26. The other end of the data line 13 passes through the connecting tube 8 and penetrates into the housing 1 and is connected to the circuit board 3. Here, a data line interface 5 is provided on the circuit board 3, and is connected to the data line 13 through the data line interface 5. There are multiple limit plates 34 on the support plate 26, and the limit plates 34 are used to fix the data line 13. The data line 13 can supply energy and transmit information at the same time.

[0072] Preferably, a transfer tube 11 is provided on the upper part of the impact shield 6, and the lower end of the transfer tube 11 is connected to the hollow tube 10, and the upper end is connected to the lower end of the connecting tube 8. The lower end of the hollow tube 10 extends to the data line interface 5. The data line 13 led out from the lower end of the connecting tube 8 extends along the transfer hole and the hollow tube 10 to the data line interface 5, and is connected to the data line interface 5.

[0073] In order to facilitate the data line 13 to pass through the connecting tube 8, the connecting tube 8 in this embodiment is generally a hollow cylinder, and the connecting tube 8 can be freely split into two halves. The left half of the connecting tube 8 has a groove 29 on the side away from the center of the circle, and the right half of the connecting tube 8 has a slide bar 30 matching the groove 29 on the side facing the center of the circle. The left and right halves of the connecting tube 8 can be connected by the groove 29 and the slide bar 30. The length of the slide bar 30 and the groove 29 is shorter than the length of the connecting tube 8.

[0074] The power box 18 has a mobile power supply 37 inside for easy replacement. The power box 18 can also be provided with a data storage module 36 to store data. The power box 18 is provided with a data line 13 conversion interface that can simultaneously insert multiple data line interfaces 5. A desiccant 27 can also be placed inside the sealed box 23 to prevent moisture and absorb moisture.

[0075] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for measuring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of a water flow, using the above-mentioned measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of a water flow, and comprising the following steps:

[0076] S1. Place the speed measuring assembly into a predetermined position in a sinkhole and keep it fixed so that the force-bearing plate 2 is located below the water level of the sinkhole.

[0077] Specifically, the rear end of the support plate 26 is pressed by the fixing plate 32, and the fixing plate 32 and the support plate 26 are fixed to the ground by the fixing nails 35. The connecting pipe 8 is installed and the length of the connecting pipe 8 is adjusted so that the impact cover 6 is aligned with the water level and the force plate 2 is located below the water level of the sinkhole.

[0078] S2. Start the processor and the stress sensor 15, so that the processor obtains the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing disk 2, and calculates the water flow velocity in combination with the resistance coefficient, water flow density, the area of ​​the force-bearing disk 2, and the angle between the water flow direction and the force-bearing disk 2.

[0079] Since the sinkhole is very complex, the flow rate of each part may be different. Different numbers of force transmission rods 22 or different lengths of data lines 13 can be used, and multiple measuring devices that use water flow impact force to monitor the flow rate of the sinkhole can be placed at the same time to detect the flow rate of different parts of the sinkhole.

[0080] In this article, the directional words such as front, back, top, and bottom involved are defined by the positions of the parts in the drawings and the positions of the parts relative to each other, just for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that they are relative concepts and can change accordingly according to different ways of use and placement, and the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0081] In the absence of conflict, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow, characterized in that: include: A speed measuring assembly, comprising a housing and a stress sensor disposed in the housing; A force-bearing component, which is arranged below the housing, comprises a force-bearing disc, a force-transmitting rod and a force-transmitting bracket, wherein the upper portion of the force-transmitting bracket extends into the housing and is connected to the stress sensor, the housing is movably connected to the force-transmitting bracket, the upper end of the force-transmitting rod is connected to the lower end of the force-transmitting bracket, and the lower end is connected to the force-bearing disc, the force-bearing disc is used to receive the impact of water flow to drive the force-transmitting bracket to move, so that the force-transmitting bracket transmits the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing disc to the stress sensor; and a processor connected to the stress sensor to obtain the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing disk, and calculate the water flow velocity in combination with the resistance coefficient, water flow density, the area of ​​the force-bearing disk, and the angle between the water flow direction and the force-bearing disk.

2. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The force bearing plate is arranged horizontally, and the calculation formula of the water flow velocity is as follows: Where: F is the impact force generated by the water flow on the force plate; C is the drag coefficient; ρ is the density of the fluid; A is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the force-bearing disk; v is the water velocity.

3. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The force transmission bracket is located inside the shell and is provided with a hole-shaped fixing frame, and the stress sensor is fixed in the shell and located in the fixing frame.

4. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod is provided at the lower end of the force transmission bracket. The connecting rod can movably penetrate the bottom of the shell. A waterproof canvas is provided at the contact portion between the connecting rod and the bottom of the shell.

5. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A conical impact cover is arranged on the top of the shell.

6. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing component, which includes a support plate and a connecting pipe. The front end of the support plate is provided with at least one vertically arranged fixing cylinder. The upper end of the connecting pipe is detachably connected to the fixing cylinder, and the lower end is connected to the upper end of the shell.

7. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A hard rubber tube is arranged in the middle of the connecting tube.

8. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The speed measuring component also includes a water flow sensor, which is arranged at the bottom of the housing, and the processor is connected to the water flow sensor.

9. A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply component, which includes a sealed box and a power box arranged in the sealed box. The power box is connected to the stress sensor and the processor through a data line.

10. A method for measuring the flow velocity of a sinkhole using the impact force of water flow, characterized in that: A measuring device for monitoring the flow velocity of a sinkhole by using the water flow impact force as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and includes the following steps: S1. Place the speed measuring assembly into a predetermined position in the sinkhole and keep it fixed so that the force plate is located below the water level of the sinkhole; S2. Start the processor and the stress sensor, so that the processor obtains the impact force generated by the water flow on the force-bearing plate, and calculates the water flow velocity in combination with the resistance coefficient, water flow density, force-bearing plate area, and the angle between the water flow direction and the force-bearing plate.

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